;"rgfsf] xs eg]sf] ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf /x]sf] ;fj{hlgs
dxTjsf] ;"rgf dfUg] / kfpg] clwsf/ xf] .
g]kfn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno
;"rgf ljefu
d'Vo ;dfrf/
h]i7 gful/s eG5g
xfdLnfO{ cf]em]ndf /flvPsf] 5
æhxfF k'Ub}g /lj, ToxfFF k'U5g slj, hxfF k'Ub}gg\ slj ToxfF k'U5g
cg'ejL .Æ
dfly
pNn]lvt x/kmx? h]i7 gful/s 8f]6Lsf cWoIf uf]laGb k|zfb >]i7n] Ps sfo{qmddf
JoQm u/] . pgn] pQm x/km g s;}nfO{ dgf]/~hg lbgsf nflu ;'gfPsf x'g g km]/L
s;}nfO{ k9fpgsf nflu . hLjgsf] nfdf] ;do;Dd kl/jf/, ;dfh / /fi6« ;d]t xfFs]sf]
cg'ej jf]s]sf h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ /fHon] ;Ddfg ug{ g;s]kl5 pgn] cfkm\gf] kL8f
kf]Vgsf nflu pk/f]Qm x/kmx? eg]sf x'g .
/lj
cyf{t eujfg klg k'Ug g;s]sf] 7fpFdf sljn] k'u]/ zJb ;+sng u5{ eg] sljn] ;d]t ;'Nemfpg
g;s]sf] sfd cg'eljn] ;lhn} ug{ ;S5 eGb} >]i7n] nfdf] cg'ej ePsf h]i7
gful/sx?sf] cg'ej kl/jf/ / /fHo ;~rfngdf pkof]u ug]{ jftfj/0f ;/sf/n] jgfpg'
kg]{ cf;osf ;fy dfyLsf x/kmx? eg] . pgn] eg] æh]i7 gful/sx? eg]sf cg'ejsf e08f/ x'g t/ /fHon] xfdLnfO{ pk]Iff u/]sf] 5 .Æ
8f]6Lsf]
;b/d'sfd l;nu9Ldf Ps dlxgf;Dd ;~rfng ePsf] h]i7 gful/s lbjf ;]jf sfo{qmdsf]
;dfkgsf] qmddf ;xefuLx?n] ;/sf/n] h]i7 gful/snfO{ a]jf:tf u/]sf] u'gf;f] u/]sf
5g .
h]i7
gful/sn] Ps dlxgfel/ wfld{s e|d0f, :jf:Yo k/LIf0f, cGt/ h]i7 gful/s e]63f6
sfo{qmd ul/Psf] cfof]hsx?n] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g . ;f] cj;/df dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf
sfof{nosL lgldQ dlxnf lasf; clws[t ;ljgf >]i7 /fodfemLn] 5f]/f5f]/Ln] hlt
u/]klg cfdfa'afsf] u'g ltg{ g;Sg] atfO{g . hLjgsf] pQ/fw{tkm{ k'u]sf gful/ssf
nfuL ;a} ;dflhs lasf;sf laifodf hfgsf/L xf]; eGg] p2]Zosf ;fy sfo{qmdsf]
cfof]hgf ul/Psf] ;lagfn] atfO{g .
h]i7
gful/sx?sf] rfxfgf ;a}n] a'em\g' kg]{ 8f]6L SofDk; 8f]6Lsf k|d'v s[i0f axfb'/
s7fotn] atfP . s7fotn] eg] æa[4cf>d vf]Ng] s'/f x'Fb}5, To;sf nfuL d}n] ug{ ;Sg]
;xof]usf nfuL k|lta4 5' .Æ pd]/n] s]xL ug{ g;Sg] ePklg ;dfh lasf;sf nfuL
cfkm\gf] cg'ej ;Sbf] k|of]u ug]{ h]i7 gful/s rGb| v8sfn] atfP .
dlxnf
tyf jfnaflnsf sfof{no 8f]6Lsf] ;xof]udf h]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf
a}zfv !) ut] b]lv ;'? ePsf] sfo{qmd Ps dlxgf ;Dd ;~rfng ePsf] lyof] . h]i7
gful/s ;+3 8f]6Lsf cWoIf >]i7n] ;~rf/ dfWodn] klg h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ plrt
:yfg lbg g;s]sf] u'gf;f] u/]sf lyP .
;DkfbsLo
cfh Ps dlxgf k'/f
;+lawfg;efjf6 gofF ;+lawfg hf/L ug]{ s'/fdf bnx?sfaLr cfk;df s'/f gldln/x]sf]
cj:yfdf hfh/sf]6df dxfdf/L km}lnof] . /fHosf] Wofg Totflt/ s]lGb|t eof] .
dxfdf/L lgoGq0fdf lng /fHonfO{ xDo xDo eof] . dxfdf/L k"0f{ ?kdf lgoGq0fdf
cfO{;s]sf] lyPg . cfhs} lbg cyf{t a}zfv !@ ut] lbp;f] !@ jh] b]zdf 7'nf]
dxflaklQ cfO{nfUof] . e"sDksf sf/0f /fhwfgL sf7df07f}+ nufot b]zsf laleGg
7fpFx?df laz]if wSsf dx;'; eP . o; dxflaklQn] ;+lawfg lgdf{0fsf] lajfb /
hfh/sf]6sf] dxfdf/LnfO{ ;d]t cf]em]ndf kf¥of] .
nuftf/
cfPsf e"sDksf wSsfsf sf/0f b]ze/Ldf xfn;Dd s/Lj ( xhf/ dfG5]n] Hofg
u'dfpg' k/]sf] 5 . sof}+ c+ue+u ePsf 5g, sof}+ 3/jf/ lalxg ePsf 5g . sof}+,
6'x'/f, c;xfo, lawjf clg law'/ jg]sf 5g . cfh pQm sxfnLnfUbf] lbgsf] Ps dlxgf
k'/f ePsf] 5 . o; 38Ldf dxfe"sDkdf kl/ d[To'j/0f ug]{ ;Dk"0f{df
efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{5f}+ . ;fy} 3fO{t] x'g' ePsfx?sf] l;3| :jf:Yo
nfesf] sfdgf ;lxt pkrf/sf nflu /fHon] k'/f lhDd]jf/L lng' k5{ eGg] cfu|x ;d]t
ub{5f}+ .
dxflaklQsf
sf/0f b]zn] ck'/0fLo If]lt Joxf]g'{ k/]sf] 5 . ef}lts ;+/rgfx? ;j} Wj:t ePsf
5g, cfly{s pkfh{gsf jf6fx? cj?4 ePsf 5g, pj{/s hldgx? jHh/df kl/0ft x'g] vt/f 5
. a:tLx? vfnL ePsf 5g . jfFr]sfx?n] Ps yf]kf kfgLsf nflu t8\lkg' kg]{ cj:yf
b]lvPsf] 5 . 6fpsf] b'v] l;6fdf]n kfpg] cj:yf t k/} hfj; Ps uf;sf nflu klg
csf{df lge{/ /xg' kg]{ cj:yf cfPsf] 5 . v'Nnf cfsf;d'gL ef]sef]s} lbg latfO{/x]sfx?sf]
sxfnLnfUbf] cj:yf cfPsf] 5 .
lglZrt
?kdf laleGg If]qjf6 /fxt ;fdu|Lx? cfO{/x]sf 5g t/ lt ;fdu|Lx? oy]i6 dfqfdf
5}gg\ . ePsf ;fdu|Lx?sf] klg plrt Joj:yfkg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . dxflaklQ k/]sf
sf/0f xf]nf clxn] b]zdf ;/sf/sf] pkl:ylt 5 ls 5}gg\ eGg] k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf 5g .
g]kfn h:tf] clasl;t d'n'sn] o:tf] laklQsf j]nf PSn}n] w]/} s]xL ug{ ;Sb}g of]
:jefljs s'/f xf] t/ ePsf ;fwg>f]tx?sf] plrt Joj:yfkg ug'{ kg]{ /fHosf]
bfloTj xf] . lbgx'F h:tf] /fxt ;fdu|Ldf e|i6frf/ ePsf] s'/f jflx/ cfPsf] 5, lsg
/fHon] o:tf e|i6frf/Lx?nfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ ;Sb}g <
o;
cj:yfdf 8f]6Lsf ls;fgx?n] klg k|;+;gLo sfd u/]sf 5g . lhNnf s[lif lasf; sfof{no
8f]6Lsf al/i7 s[lif lasf; clws[t o1/fh hf]zLsf] cu'jfO{df 8f]6Lsf ls;fgx?n]
cfkm\g} v]tdf kmnfPsf] cGgjfnL e"sDk kLl8tx?sf nflu ;+sng u/]sf 5g . o:tf]
cu'jfO{ ug]{ / /fxt ;+sng ug]{ ls;fgx?k|lt xflb{s cfef/ JoQm ub{5f}+ . pQm
;fdu|L ;+sng t ePsf] 5, o;nfO{ ;dod} ;xL tl/sfn] jf:tljs kLl8tx?;Dd k'¥ofpg'
cjsf] cfjZostf xf] . To;sf nflu xfdL ;j}n] cf–cfkm\gf] 7fpFjf6 h'6\g' k5{,
cfly{s ef}lts / g}lts ;xof]u ;j}n] u/]/ 8f]6]nL ls;fgn] ug{ rfx]sf] ;xof]u ;j}
ldn]/ ;DjlGwt 7fpFdf k'¥ofpg' clt cfjZos 5 . o;sf nflu xfdL ;j} h'6\g' h?/L 5 .
of] ;do
s;}n] h; lng vf]Hg] jf s;}sf] cfnf]rgf ug]{ jf s;}n] JolQmut kmfO{bf lng vf]Hg]
;do xf]O{g . kLl8tnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ sfddf s;}n] h; lng' kg]{ h?/L x'Fb}g .
kLl8tsf] 7fpFdf cfkm'nfO{ /fv]/ xfdLn] Jojxf/ u¥of}+ eg] xfdL lglZrt ?kdf ;j}
;Gt'i6 x'g]5f}+ . h'g kL8f cfh e"sDk k|efljt If]qsf hgtfn] ef]lu/x]sf 5g
Tof] kL8f xfdLn] ef]Ug' k/]sf] eP ;fob xfdL klg Ps ufF;sf nflu t8\lkGYof}+
xf]nf, To;}n] o; laifonfO{ xfdL ;j}n] Wofg lbg' h?/L 5 .
yk
;dfrf/
8f]6L o'js ;+3 /fd]5fkdf
…sf7df08f}+, bf]nvf x'Fb} xfdL /fd]5fkdf cfO{k'u]sf 5f}+, oxfFsf]
cj:yf Psbd} bogLo 5 . e'sDksf sf/0f lr/f k/]sf / vt/fdf /x]sf 3/ eTsfpFb}
kLl8tx?nfO{ 6x/f jgfpFb} lxl8/x]sf 5f}+ .Ú
8f]6Ljf6
e'sDk kLl8tx?sf] p2f/ ug{sf nflu Ps 6f]nL ;lxt /fd]5fk k'u]sf k|zfGt yfkfn]
;f]djf/ 6]lnkmf]g dfkm{t laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxs;+u lbPsf] k|ltlqmof xf] of] .
clvn g]kfn o'js ;+3sf 8f]6L cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf yfkfsf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] ;ft ;b:oLo
6f]nLn] e'sDk k|efljtx?sf nflu c:yfoL
6x/fsf ;fy;fy} c:yfoL zf}rfno ;d]t lgdf{0f ul//x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o
hgdf]rf{ lg6s /x]sf] pQm ;+u7gn] kf6L{sf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ p2f/ sfo{df vl6Psf]
jtfPsf] 5 . …laleGg lhNnfsf ;fyLx? e'sDk k|efljt lhNnfx?df vl6Psf 5gÚ yfkfn]
eg] …8f]6Lsf] 6f]nL clxn] /fd]5fk k'u]sf] 5 .Ú
bf]nvf
lhNnfsf] rl/sf]6 / /fd]5fd lhNnfsf] 88'8fdf hf]lvddf /x]sf s/Lj Ps ;o 3/x?
eTsfO{Psf] yfkfn] jtfP . ^) j6f c:yfoL zf}rfno lgdf{0f ul/Psf] / ^% j6f c:yfoL
6x/fx? lgdf{0f ul/Psf] ;d]t yfkfn] hfgsf/L lbP . …&! j6f lqkfnx?jf6 klg
c:yfoL 6x/fx? jgfPsf 5f}+Ú yfkfn] eg] …/fd]5fddf ef}lts k"jf{wf/tkm{ s/Lj
() k|lt;t If]lt ePsf] 5 .Ú
/fd]5fkdf
ePsf 3/x? ;j} h:tfkftfn] 5fPsf ePsf sf/0f lt 3/x?df k|of]u ePsf h:tfkftfx?nfO{
k'gMk|of]u ul//x]sf] jtfpFb} yfkfn] eg] …lqkfnx? kf6L{n] pknJw u/fPsf] 5
.Ú
a}zfv
@( ut] 8f]6Ljf6 lx8]sf] pQm 6f]nLn] kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ k|ltkl/jf/ @) lsnf] rfdn
;d]t pknJw u/fO{/x]sf] ;d]t yfkfn] hfgsf/L u/fP . /fli6«o hgdf]rf{n] e"sDk
k|efljt lhNnfx?df /fxt / p2f/ sfo{sf nflu sfo{stf{x? kl/rfng u/]sf] 5 .
of}g b'Jo{jxf/ u/] ^ dlxgf s}b
sfo{:yndf tkfO{af6 hfgL ghfgL st} of}g b'Ao{jxf/ eO{/x]sf] t 5}g
< olb ug'{ ePsf] 5 eg] ^ dlxgf;Dd s}b jf %) xhf/ ?k}Fof;Dd hfl/jfgfdf kg{
;Sg' x'G5 . tkfO{nfO{ ;fdfGo nfUg] Aoaxf/n] klg of}g b'Ao{axf/ ePsf] x'g ;S5 .
Aoa:yflksf
;+;bn] @)&! ;fn d+l;/ % ut] sfo{:yndf x'g] of}ghGo b'Ao{axf/nfO{ lgjf/0f
ug{ sfo{:yndf x'g] of}ghGo b'{Aoaxf/ -lgjf/0f_ P]g @)&! kfl/t u/]sf] 5 .
s]xL
dlxgf klxn] dfq kfl/t ePsf] P]gdf d'¢f
x]g]{ clwsf/Lsf ?kdf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ tf]s]sf] 5 . dlxnf jfnaflnsf tyf
;dfh sNof0f dGqfnosf] cfof]hgfdf ;f]daf/ sfo{:yndf x'g] of}ghGo lx+;fsf
b'Ao{axf/ lgjf/0f P]gsf laifodf hfgsf/L lbg 8f]6Lsf] l;nu9Ldf ePsf] Ps
sfo{qmddf pQm hfgsf/L lbO{Psf] xf] .
n}lËs
lx+;faf6 ;/sf/L sfof{no klg c5'tf] g/x]sf] sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly Pa+ dGqfnosf
;x;lra gf/fo0f k|zfb sfkm\n]n] atfP . pgn] eg] æ;a} eGbf klxn] sd{rf/Lx? g}
O{dfGbf/ / g}ltsjfg aGg' k5{ To;kl5 dfq} kl/j{tg ;Dej x'G5 .Æ
o;
k|sf/sf d'4f k|zf;gdf gcfpg] u/L sfd ug{ sfo{qmdsf ;efWoIf Pj+ 8f]6Lsf k|d'v
lhNnf clwsf/L dgf]x/ k|zfb vgfnn] atfP . vgfnn] eg] æ;a} O{dfGbf/ / g}ltsjfg
eP/ sfd ug'{ xf]nf eGg] sd{rf/Ldf d lgb]{zg ug{ rfxfG5' .Æ vgfnn] cfkm'n] ;se/
o:tf k|sf/sf d'4fx? x]g{ gk/f]; eGg] rfx]sf] jtfP .
alx/f ;+3nfO{ Ps nfv
jlx/f ;+3 8f]6LnfO{ pgLx?sf] j[l4 ug{sf nflu ;xof]u k'Ug] ul/
;efifb sNkgf ;f]jn] Ps nfv ?k}ofF ;xof]u ug]{ jrg lbPsL 5g\ .
…;f+s]lts
jx'efiff dfgj clwsf/ xf]Ú eGg] d'n gf/fsf ;fy cfO{tjf/b]lv lbkfondf z'? ePsf]
rf/ lbg] g]kfnL ;f+s]lts efiff tflndsf] pb\3f6gsf qmddf ;efifb ;f]jn] o:tf] jrg
lbPsL x'g\ .
pQm
sfo{qmddf jlx/fx?n] cfkm'nfO{ /fHon] s'g} klg ;]jf ;'ljwf lbg g;s]sfn] cfkm\gf
cleefjsjf6} ;d]t x]lkPsf] cj:yf /x]sf] jtfPsf 5g\ .
;f]xL
cj;/df pgLx?n] cfkm\gf ;fyLx? UfpFufpFdf klg w]/} ePsfn] ltlgx?sf] ljsf;sf nflu
;j}df ;xof]u ul/lbg cfu|x ;d]t u/]sf 5g\ .
lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldlt 8f]6L / lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsfsf] cfly{s ;xof]u tyf jlx/f ;+3
8f]6Lsf] cfof]hgfdf z'? ePsf] pQm tflndf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 8f]6Lsf cWoIf ldg
jd, /fhlglts bnsf tkm{jf6 c+sjxfb'/ v8\sf, ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L df]xg
hf]zL nufotsf jQmfx?n] dGtJo JoQm u/]sf lyP .
jlx/f
;+3 8f]6Lsf cWoIf of]u]Gb| jf]u6Lsf] ;efWoIftfdf ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf clwsf/sdL{
dlxnf ozf]bf u'?ªn] jlx/fx?n] af]n]sf s'/fx? cg'jfb ul/ ;xeflux?nfO{ ;'gfPsL
lyO{g . alx/fx?n] ;fFs]lts efiff ;j}n] a'em\g g;Sbf pgLx?n] JoQm u/]sf s'/fx?
jflx/ cfpg] ;s]sf 5}gg\ . o; cj:yfdf of] tflnd kmnbfoL x'g] b]lvG5 .
udL{;+u} vfg]kflgsf] ;d:of a9b}
uld{ofd ;'? eP ;Fu} c5fd lhNnfdf vfg]kflgsf] ;d:of a9g yfn]sf] 5 .
;'Vvf df};d a9b} hfg yfn]kl5 qmlds ?kdf kflgsf d'xfg ;'Sg yfn]kl5 kflgsf] ;d:of
a9g yfn]sf] xf] . olta]nf :yflgo ufp eGbf Aofkfl/s s]Gb|x?df kflgsf] ;d:of
a9]sf] xf] . ljz]if ul/ ;b/d'sfd dun;]g, hou9ahf/, sdnahf/, ljgfos, 7fF6Lvfb,
7'nf;}gdf vfg]kflgsf] ;d:of ;[hgf x'g yfn]sf] 5 . laz]if ul/ d'Vo Aofkfl/s
s]Gb|df :yflgo gful/ssf] cfjthfjt ;d]t a9L x'g] ePsfn] klg ufp eGbf klg ahf/
If]qdf vfg]kflgsf] ;d:of a9L x'g] ub{5 . lhNnfdf :yflgo ufla;df kflgsf d'xfg
k|z:t ePklg Ps csf]{ nfO{ lbg gdfGg] ePsfn] klg vfg]kflgsf] ;d:of x'g] u/]sf]
lhNnf vfg]kflg tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;jl8lehg sfof{no c5fdn] hgfPsf] 5 . ahf/ If]qsf]
vfg\]kflgsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] nflu :yflgo :t/df 5nkmn ubf{ ;d]t plgx?n] cfkmgf]
nfnk'hf{, jg If]qdf k/]sf] b]vfpg] u/]sfn] klg ;d:of cfpg] u/]sf] lhNnf vg]kflg
tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;j l8lehg sfof{nosf c5fdsf k|d'v 1fg k|sfz kf}8ofnn] atfpg' eof] .
o; kfln cfkmgf] sfof{noaf6 lhNnfsf y'k|} 7fpdf ;j]{If0f ubf{ kf]xf]/ ;fnsf] hlt
d'xfg g;'s]sfn] w]/} ;d:of gx'g] pxfFsf] egfO{ /x]sf] 5 . ;b/d'sfd
dun;]gdf eO{/x]sf] vfg]kflgsf] ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfgsf nflu o;kfln a}/fluwf/fdf
c:yflo vfg]klg 6\ofls agfpg] sfo{ cl3 a9fO{Psf] atfO{Psf] 5 . /ft e/ 6\oflsdf
kflg ;GIfLKt ul/ laxfg lbpF;f] ljt/0f ul/ vfFg]kflgsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ul/g]
pxfFn] atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
af/L vGbf jd e]l6of]
c5fd ;b/d'sfd d+un;]gdf Ps s[ifssf] af/Ldf e]l6Psf] ;s]6 ad lgis[o
kfl/Psf] 5 .
d+un;]g
gu/kflnsf–% l:yt lhNnf sf/fuf/b]lv s/Lj @)) ld6/ bIfL0f k"j{lt/ ls;fgsf]
hUufdf cfO{tjf/ km]nf k/]sf] ad g]kfnL ;]gf / g]kfn k|x/Lsf] 6f]nLn] @$ 306fkl5
lgis[o kf/]sf] xf] . g]kfnL ;]gf b'uf{ aS; u0f d+un;]gsf ;]gfgL laho cf+ubfDj]
g]t[Tjsf] ^ hgfsf] 6f]nL / lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no c5fdsf k|x/L gfoj lg/LIfs 8Dd/
dNn g]t[Tjsf] ^ hgf g]kfn k|x/Lsf] 6f]nLsf] ;lqmotfdf ;s]6 ad k"0f{ ?kdf
lgis[o kfl/Psf] xf] . lab]zdf ag]sf] ;s]6 / 7'nf] Ifdtfsf] ;s]6 ePsf]n] cfO{tjf/
lbp;f]b]lv ;f]djf/ ;f9] # ah];Dd g]kfn k|x/Lsf] 3]/fdf ;'/lIft /fvL ;f]djf/
;f9] # ah] ;]gfsf] ad lgis[o kfg]{ ;fwgsf] k|of]u u/]/ lgis[o kfl/Psf] k|x/L
gfoa lg/LIfs dNnn] atfP .
:yfgLo
dfxfb]j 9'+ufgfsf] af/Ldf vghf]t ug]{ qmddf ad km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . :yfgLosf
cg';f/ hldgdf vghf]t ug]{ qmddf ad e]l6Psf] x'Fbf ad k'/fgf] ePsf] t/ To;sf]
aflx/L efudf lvof nfUg'afx]s cGo kf6k"hf{df s'g} v/fjL gePsf] g]kfnL
;]gfn] hgfPsf] 5 .
cfunfuL eP/ ^ k;n gi6
8f]6L lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf–& /fhk'/df cfO{tjf/ /ftL ePsf]
cfunfuLjf6 ^ k;n gi6 ePsf 5g .
lhNnf
k|x/L sfof{no 8f]6Lsf cg';f/ cfO{tjf/ /ftL s/Lj !!=$% jh]lt/ ePsf] cfunfuLjf6 ^
k;nx? hn]/ k'/} v/fgLdf kl/0ft ePsf 5g . k|x/Lsf cg';f/ /fhk'/df /x]sf lav{/fh
hf]zLsf] t/sf/L tyf kmnkm'n k;n, lx/f s7fotsf] z'ed\ lah'nL k;n / s0f{
kl/of/sf] df]jfO{n k;n hn]/ /fv ePsf 5g . o:t} s]nfnL g]kfnLsf] l;nfO{ s6fO{
k;n, lj/jxfb'/ ef6sf] ls:dt km]G;L :6f]/ / nfnjxfb'/ s7fotsf] gljg df]jfO{n k;n
hn]/ gi6 ePsf 5g . o:t} ho/fh e08f/Lsf] /]vf >+[uf/ k;ndf u|xfsnfO{ lbg'
kg]{ n'ufx? klg hn]/ gi6 ePsf] jtfO{Psf] 5 .
s}nfz
g]kfnLsf] sk8f k;njf6 ;'? ePsf] ;f] lgoGq0fdf lngsf nflu g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn
k|x/L / lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsfsf] bdsnsf ;fy;fy} :yfgLo–jf;Lx?n] ;lqmotf
b]vfPsf lyP . cfuf] lgoGq0fdf lng lgs}
;d:of ePsf] :yfgLo Jofkf/Lx?sf] egfO{ 5 . /ftL s/Lj @ jh] cfuf] lgoGq0fdf
cfPsf] lyof] . /ftL ;j} ;'t]sf] cj:yfdf cfunfuL ePsf sf/0f klg a9L Iflt ePsf]
:yfgLo Jofkf/Lx? jtfpF5g . :yfgLo Jofkf/Lx?sf cg';f/ cfunfuL sf sf/0f s/Lj Ps
s/f]8sf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . cfunfuLdf dfgjLo Iflt eg] ePsf] 5}g .
cfunfuLsf]
Plsg sf/0f kQf nfUg g;s]klg laB't ;6sf sf/0f cfuf] ;Ns]sf] x'g ;Sg] k|x/Lsf]
cg'dfg 5 . JolQmut k|of]hgsf nflu k;ndf /flvPsf UofF; l;ln08/x? k8\lsbf cfunfuL
n] yk Iflt k'¥ofPsf] jtfO{Psf] 5
5f]6s/L
/]8qm;åf/f ;xof]u
g]kfn /]8qmz 8f]6L zfvfn] sfgfrf}/ ufla;–@ d'n]rf}/sL uf}/L
sfdLnfO{ ;xof]u x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] 5 .
åGåsf
qmddf tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] nf]8]3f6df u/]sf] cfqmd0f kl/ 3fO{t] ePsf
uf}/Lsf >Ldfg jfn] sfdLsf] åGåsfnsf] 3fp alNemP/ SofG;/ eO{ d[To' ePkl5
uf}/L dfO{tL3/df a:b} cfPsL lyO{g . laDa ;fKtflxsn] uf}/Lsf] jf/]df ;dfrf/
k|sfzg u/]kl5 /]8qm; ;f];fO{6L 8f]6Ln] pgnfO{ lqkfn, ef8fFs'8fx? ;xof]u u/]sf]
xf] . o:t} sfgfrf}/ ufla;n] pgnfO{ ;xof]u ;fdu|L lng ;b/d'sfd cfpg ;xof]u
u/]sf] 5 .
dxf]T;j ;DkGg
8f]6L lhNnfsf] lhNnf ;b/d'sfd l;nu9Ldf bf];|f] ;fF:s[lts dxf]T;j
;f]djf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
;'b"/klZrdsf
:yfgLo snf ;F:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ ug{sf dxf]T;jsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] cfof]hsx?n]
hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g . ;'b"/klZrdsf] k|l;4 ko{6sLo :yn vKt8df nfUg] u+ufbzxf/f
d]nfsf] k"j{ ;GWofdf dxf]T;jsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . dxf]T;jsf] pb\3f6g
;+lawfg;ef ;b:o uf}/L cf]nLn] u/sL lyO{g .
dxf]T;asf]
pb\3f6g ub} ;ef;b cf]nLn] 8f]6Lsf] snf
;F:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f ug{sf nflu 8f]6Lsf kqsf/x?n] u/]sf] k|z+;gLo sfd k|;+;f ul/g
. dxf]T;jsf] cfof]hgf lhNnfdf lqmoflzn kqsf/x?sf] ;d'x jftfa/0f tyf ;F:s[lt
;+/If0f kqsf/ ;d"x u/]sf] lyof] .
v]n tyf
ko{6g ;dfrf/
Pstfsf] pkfwL cfof]hsnfO{
8f]6Lsf] lbkfondf cfO{tjf/ ;DkGg Pstf sk lqms]6sf] pkfwL cfof]hs
l6dn] xft kf/]sf] 5 . kmfO{gn v]ndf cfof]hs l6dn] czn l5d]sLsf] l6dnfO{ *
las]6n] x/fpFb} pkfwL xft kf/]sf] xf] .
h]7 @
ut]jf6 ;'? ePsf] pQm k|ltof]lutf cfO{tjf/ ;dfkg ePsf] lyof] . 8f]6L pBf]u
jfl0fHo ;+3n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] pQm k|ltof]lutfdf @@ l6dn] k|lt:kwf{ u/]sf lyP .
kmfO{gnsf nflu le8]sf cfof]hs l6d P / czn l5d]sL l6daLr ePsf] k|lt:kwf{df czn
l5d]sLsf] l6dn] 6; lht]/ Jofl6Ë /f]h]sf] lyof] . lgwf{l/t @) cf]e/df ^ las]6
u'dfpFb} (* /gsf] nIf to u/]sf] czn
l5d]sLsf] l6dnfO{ cfof]hs l6dn] b'O{ cf]e/ jfFsL x'Fb} * las]6sf] cGt/n]
k|lt:kwL{ l6dnfO{ k/flht u/]sf] 5 .
k|ltof]lutfdf
pTs[i7 v]nf8L cfof]hs l6dsf ;Gtf]if v8\sf 3f]if0ff ePsf 5g . o:t} czn l5d]sL
l6dsf v]nf8L gljg d]wfzL Dofg ckm b 6'gf{d]06 3f]lift ePsf 5g . cfof]hs l6dsf
cd/ s7fot a]i6 jn/ / /fO{lhË Jof6\;Dofg cfof]hss} k|sfz g]kfnLn] k|fKt u/]sf 5g
. Kn]o/ ckm b 6'gf{d]06 nlnt e08f/L ePsf 5g .
k|ltof]lutfsf]
;dfkg ub}{ 8f]6L pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf la/]Gb| zfxn] v]ns'b If]qsf] lasf;sf
nflu gLlh If]qjf6 klg kxn ug'{ kg]{ ePsfn] cfkm'x?n] pQm k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf u/]sf]
jtfP . pgn] pQm k|ltof]lutf nuftf/ tLg jif{;Dd cfof]hgf ul/g] ;d]t hfgsf/L lbP
. k|ltof]lutfdf lah]tf l6dnfO{ @% xhf/ / pklah]tf l6dnfO{ !% xhf/ gub k'/:sf/ k|bfg
ul/Psf] lyof] .
g]kfn cd]l/sf;+u le8\g]
cfOl;;L ljZj 6\jfG6L–@) 5gf]6 k|ltof]lutfdf g]kfnsf] klxnf] v]n
lr/kl/lrt k|ltåGåL cd]l/sf;Fu x'g] ePsf] 5 .
cGt/fli6«o
lqms]6 kl/ifb -cfOl;;L_ n] cfo/NofG8 / :s6NofG8n] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgf ug]{ 5gf]6
k|ltof]lutfsf] laxLaf/ v]n tflnsf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn / cd]l/sf ;d"x
…PÚ k/]sf 5g\ . pQm ;d"xdf ;xcfof]hs tyf ;flas ljh]tf cfo/NofG8, xªsª,
kk'jf Go'lugL, gfldlaof / h;L{ 5g\ . 5gf]6 h'nfO{ ( b]lv @^ ;Dd x'g]5 .
ckmuflg:tfg, o'PO{, g]b/NofG8\;, ;xcfof]hs :s6NofG8, Sofg8f, s]Gof / cf]dfg
;d"x …aLÚ df 5g\ . g]kfnn] 5gf]6sf] klxnf] v]n h'nfO{ !) df cd]l/sf;Fu
v]Ng]5 .
5gf]6df
efu lng] !$ dWo] zLif{ ^ 6f]nLn] csf]{ jif{ ef/tdf x'g] ljZj 6\jfG6L–@) df
k|lt:kwf{ ug{ kfpg] 5g\ . ljZj 6\jfG6L –@) csf]{ jif{ dfr{ !! b]lv # ;Dd x'g]5
. g]kfnn] ut jif{ a+unfb]zdf ;DkGg ljZj 6\jfG6L–@) df klxnf]k6s efu lnPsf]
lyof] . Tolt a]nf 5gf]6 r/0f kf/ ug]{df g]kfn;lxt ckmuflg:tfg, xªsª, cfo/NofG8,
g]b/NofG8\; / ;+o'Qm c/a Old/]6\; -o'PO{_ lyP .
5gf]6
r/0fsf !$ /fi6«nfO{ cfOl;;Ln] b'O{ ;d"xdf ljefhg u/]sf] 5 . lnusd
gscfp6kl5 ;d"xsf zLif{ 6f]nL :jtM clGtd r/0fnfO{ 5flgG5g\ . To;kl5 b'j}
;d"xsf bf];|f] / t];|f] 6f]nLaLr qm; u/fP/ k|lt:kwf{ u/fOg]5 . To;dWo]
lhTg] b'O{ 6f]nL ljZj 6\jfG6L–@) sf nflu 5gf]6 x'g]5 . qm;af6 klg k/flht x'g]
6f]nLn] b'O{ ;d"xsf rf}yf] x'g] 6f]nL;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug]{5 . To;sf] b'O{ ljh]tf clGtd 6f]nLsf ?kdf
ljZj 6\jfG6L–@) lqms]6sf nflu 5gf]6 x'g]5g\ . 5gf]6sf] clGtd tLg lbg kmfOgn tyf
t];|f], rf}yf] / kfFrf}+ 5}6f}+nfO{ Kn]ckm v]n x'g]5 . To;}sf] cfwf/df ljZj
6\jfG6L–@) sf nflu ;xefuL /fi6«sf] jl/otf lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .
g]kfnL
/fli6«o lqms]6 6f]nLsf k|lzIfs k'a'b' bf;fgfos]n] g]kfn bf];|f]k6s ljZj
6\jfG6L–@) 5gf]6 x'g] alnof] ;Defjgf /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . …xfdL ;xh ;d"xdf
k/]sf 5f}+ . cfˆgf] Ifdtfcg';f/ k|bz{g u¥of}+ eg] cl3Nnf] r/0f k'Ug sl7g x'g]
5}g,Ú pgsf] ljZjf; 5, …g]kfnn] bf];|f]k6s ljZj 6\jfG6L–@) lqms]6 v]Ng] kof{Kt
;Defjgf 5 .Ú
bf;fgfos]n]
tTsfn 5gf]6sf nflu g]kfndf tof/L yfNg] ;Defjgf gePsfn] h'g ! df ljb]z hfg ;Sg]
atfPsf 5g\ . g]kfn 6f]nLsf] tof/Lsf nflu g]kfn lqms]6 ;+3 -Sofg_ n] ef/t n}hfg]
kxn ul//x]sf] hfgsf/L pgn] u/fP .
rnlrq÷dgf]/~hg
afnaflnsfsf] vf]hLdf bLkf
rnlrq lgb]{zs bLkf a:g]tn] lgz'Ns k9fpgsf nflu jfnjflnsfsf] vf]hL
ul//x]sL 5g .
rlr{t
g]kfnL rnlrq …>L % cDa/] / cGt/fnÚ lgb]{zs a:g]t a}zfv !@ ut] uPsf]
dxflagfzsf/L e"sDkaf6 3/af/ u'dfPsf afnaflnsfsf] vf]hLdf nfu]sL l5g\ .
ul/aLsf sf/0f k9fO{ 5'6fpg jfWo ePsf, e"sDkn] ubf{ 3/af/ lalxg ePsf /
cleefjs u'dfPsf afnaflnsfsf] k9fO{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbgsf nflu pgL To:tf
jfnjflnsfx?sf] vf]hLdf nfu]sL x'g\ .
ef/tsf]
pl8;fl:yt ljZjljBfno sln+uf OlG:6Ro"6 ckm OG8l:6«on 6]Sgf]nf]hL -ls6_ sL
cGt//fli6«o k/fdz{bftf /x]sL bLkf pQm ljZjljBfnon] rnfPsf] sNof0fsf/L z}lIfs
;+:yf sln+uf :s"n ckm ;f]l;on ;fOG;sf] g]kfn RofK6/sL sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs klg
x'g\ . bLkfn] s]xL ;do cuf8L Toxf k'u]/ g]kfnsf %) hgf afnaflnsfsf] nflu
g;{/Lb]lv :gfsf]Q/ ;Ddsf] lgz'Ns lzIff / cfjf;sf] aGbf]a:t u/]/ g]kfn kmls{PsL
x'g\ .
g]kfn
kmls{P nut} pgn] csf]{ z}lIfs ;qaf6 g]kfndf klg ul/a, cgfy / 3/af/lalxg ePsf
afnaflnsfnfO{ lzIff tyf cfjf; lbg] of]hgf cg'?k cl3 a9]sf] hfgsf/L u/fPsL l5g\
. o;sf nflu e"sDkaf6 k|efljt / 3/af/lalxg, cleefjs u'dfPsf afnaflnsfsf]
vf]hL ul//x]sf] atfOg\ .
cldtfesf] klg ;xof]u
g]kfnsf] e"sDk kLl8tx?sf] ;xof]usf nflu ef/tLo cleg]tf cldtfe
aRrgn] !& nfv g]kfnL ?k}ofF ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\ . ;fdflhs ;~hfn 6\jL6/ dfkm{t
cldtfen] ;f]sf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf x'g\ .
aRrgsf]
;xof]uk|lt ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL g/]G› df]bLn] klg 6\jL6/dfkm{t\ wGojfb JoQm u/]sf
5g\ . k|wfgdGqL df]bLn] 6\jL6/df n]v]sf 5Gf …g]kfnsf e"sDk kLl8tx?sf]
;xof]ufy{ l;lgo/ aRrgn] k|wfgdGqL /fxt
sf]ifdf k|bfg ug{' ePsf] !! nfv ef? ;xof]usf nflu wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . of] t
pxfFsf] gd| / s?0ffk|b efjgfsf] d sb/ ub{5' .Ú
cldtfen]
klg cfˆgf] 6\jL6/ csfpG6 dfkm{t\ cGo snfsf/x?nfO{ e"sDk kLl8tx?nfO{
;xof]usf nflu cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . o;cl3 cldtfen] 6\jL6/dfkm{t\ g]kfnsf e"sDk
kLl8tx?sf] zflGtsf nflu O{Zj/;Fu sfdgf u/]sf lyP . pgsf] ;xof]unuQ} 6\jL6/df
cGo snfsf/x?n] klg g]kfnsf kLl8tx?sf nflu ;xof]u ug{'kg]{ 6\jL6 ug]{x? a9]sf
lyP .
n]v
dxfe"sDkn] 5tf5'Nn kf¥of] e|i6frf/
lbk]z s];L
cg'udg ;xL ePsf] eP ;xL kbdf ;xL dfG5] k'Uy], d"Nof+sg ;xL
ePsf] eP ;xL dfG5]sf] pGglt / k|ult x'GYof] . la8Dagf cg'udg / d"Nof+sgsf]
sdhf]/Ln] b]z ;w}+ k5fl8 ws]lng jfWo 5 . k|;+u dxfe"sDkn] lbPsf] wSsfn]
pbf+uf] kf/]sf] r/d e|i6frf/ .
dxfe"sDkn] ef}lts / dfgjLo Iflt dfq k'¥ofPsf] 5}g . xfd|f] oyfy{ cj:yfsf]
v'nf;f u¥of] . nyfln+u / etfe'+u rfnfnfO{ ;+;f/;fd' pbf+uf] kf¥of] .
e"sDksf] wSsfn] 5tf5'Nnf kfl/;s]sf] sdhf]/L / s'sfo{nfO{ 5f]Kg e|i6
sd{rf/L b]lv /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf ;d]t xft wf]P/ nfu]sf 5g\ .
e|i6frf/sf]
v'nf;f
clVtof/
b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfgn] ;d]t kQf nufpg g;s]sf e|i6frf/ dxfe"sDksf] wSsfn]
vf]lnlbof] . zx/L If]qdf ag]sf 3/x¿sf] gSzfkf;df df}nfPsf] e|i6frf/ ;+:s[ltsf]
ulx/fO{ hlt a9]klg e"sDkn] pTvgg\ ug{ ;Sof] . bzsf}+ k'/fgf 3/x¿sf]
ljifoafx]s gofF ag]sf clwsf+z 3/x¿ lgodfg';f/ ag]sf 5}gg\ . lgod ldRg 3";
lbg] 3/wgL / lgod ldr]sf] cfFvf lrDng 3"; lng] sd{rf/L b'j} /fi6«sf zq'
x'g\ . ltgsf] s'sfo{n] zx/L If]qdf w]/} Iflt x'g k'Uof] . e"sDkLo
hf]lvdo'Qm If]q eGbf eGb} uugr'DaL ejg lgdf{0fsf] :jLs[tL ;/sf/L:t/af6} ;b/
u/fpgdf ;lqmo dflkmofx¿ klg pbf+uf] eP . cg'udg, lgu/fgL / d"Nof+sgsf
lgsfox¿ e|i6frf/sf] bnbndf k/]sf] 36gfqmdn] b]vfof] .
h]ndf
7fpF x'g]5}g
p;} t
eL8 a9]/ vrfvr ePsf] g]kfnL h]n 5 .
3"; n]gb]g u/]/ hyfefjL ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{sf] vf]hLgLlt eP
s] xf]nf < sf/afxL k|lqmof a9fP s] xf]nf < pQ/ ;lhnf] 5 . g]kfnsf h]ndf
e|i6x¿nfO{ /fVg] 7fpF k'Ub}g . nx/f] tfGbf kx/f] em5{ . 3"; n]gb]g ug]{
w]/} sf/afxLsf] bfo/fdf cfpF5g\ . clxn] elTsPsf 3/sf] Ifltk"lt{sf nflu
bf}8w"k ug]{ dWo] sltkon] dfkb08 ldr]/ lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ . To;sf] vf]hlag
ug]{ k|lqmofdfq yfn]df dfq sltko b'nf] k:5g\ . clgoldttfdf sd{rf/L ;d]t
d'l5Psfn] pgLx¿ t}+ r'k d}+ r'ksf] gLlt canDag ub}{5g\ .
cg'udg
/ d"Nof+sgsf] lgsfox¿ 3"; lng] c•fdf ¿kfGtl/t ePsfn] g]kfnn] kL8fdfly
kL8f em]Ng' k¥of] . cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ultnf] ePsf] eP cfh olt w]/} Iflt
a]xf]g{' kg]{ lyPg . cfFvf lrDn]/ a;]jfkt\ k};f c;'Ng] cg'udg lgsfo;Dj4
sd{rf/Lsf] sdL 5}g . clxn] To:tf sd{rf/L cfkm"nfO{ b]zsf] dl;ofxf 7fGb}
lx+8]sf 5g\ . dxfe"sDknfO{ dfq Ifltsf] bf]if lbP/ cfˆgf] sdL sdhf]/L
n'sfpg vf]h]/ ca rflx+ 6b}{g .
clgoldttfsf]
vf]hL
w/x/f
ef}lts ¿kdf sdhf]/ x'Fbfx'Fb} 7]Ssf nufpg] sfd eof] . sldzgsf] v]ndf gLlh
sDkgLnfO{ k|of]usf nflu lbg] sbd;Fu} w/x/f r9\g] JolQmx¿sf] ljdfdf ;d]t u8a8L
ul/Psf] v'nf;f ePsf] 5 . dxfe"sDkn] w/x/f 9fn]kl5 o;sf] kbf{kmf; eof] .
7"nf] ;+Vofdf w/x/fdf dfG5] dg{'df e"sDk dfq bf]ifL xf]Og ;/sf/L gLlt
/ lg0f{o klg bf]ifL xf] . o:tf] clgoldttfsf] vf]hL x'g'k5{ .
7"nf
ejgsf] dfgjLo Ifltsf k5fl8 cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ug]{ lgsfosf] lgsDdfkg klg
sf/s xf] . yf]/} hldgdf klg cUnf 3/ agfpg], lgod ldr]/ ejg 78\ofpg], tnf yKg]
ubf{ klg cg'udg lgsfo cfFvf lrDn]/ a:of] . ltgn] cfˆgf] bfloTj lgjf{x gu/]sf] 7x/ eO;s]sf] 5 . cfFvf lrlDnPjfkt\
e|i6 ;fx'dxfhgaf6 dlxgfjf/L c;'Ng], rfF8afF8df dxFuf /S;L pkxf/ lng] sd{rf/Lsf] sdL 5}g . To:t}
sd{rf/L sdfO{ x'g] 7fpFdf k'U5g\ . k4lt g} o:tf] a;flnPsf] 5 ls e|i6x¿ ;/sf/sf]
dxTjk"0f{ lgsfodf k'U5g\ . e|i6frf/ w]/} ug{ ;lsg] 7fpF 5fg]/ k7fOG5 . cfh
To;sf] kmn l;+uf] b]zn] ef]Ug' kl//x]5 .
clgoldttfsf]
cfz
e|i6sf]
Wofg ;w}+ e|i6frf/ ug]{ 7fpF vf]Hgd} hfG5 . slxn] /fxtsf gfddf t slxn]
k'gMlgdf{0fsf gfddf . k'gM lgdf{0fdf c/af}+ ¿k}ofF vr{ x'g] cj:yf ag]nuQ}
;DalGwt If]qdf k'Ug e|i6x¿ v'§f prfn]/ a;]sf 5g\ . b]zdf dxfe"sDkn]
kf/]sf] 7"nf] Iflt t ltgsf nflu sdfpm / df]h ug{sf] cj;/ ag]sf] 5 . e|i6
sd{rf/Lx¿ c;n sd{rf/LnfO{ kb:yfkg ug{ nflukl/;s]sf 5g\ .
cndnsf]
sf/0f
;xL
cg'udg / ;xL d"Nof+sgn] dfq b]zdf e|i6frf/ 36\g ;Sbf] /x]5 . e|i6frf/d'Qm
;dfhn] dfq ljklQdf ;xL 9+un] Joj:yfkg ug{ ;Sbf] /x]5 . k'gM lgdf{0fnfO{ ult lbg
;Sbf]/x]5 . e|i6frf/n] lynlynf] ePsfn] ;/sf/ cndndf 5 . cem} :ki6 of]hgf Nofpg
;s]sf] 5}g . k|:tfljt of]hgfnfO{ ;d]t c:jLsf/ ug{ k'u]sf] 5 . /fli6«o of]hgf
cfof]un] tTsfn / bL3{sfnLg gjlgdf{0f;lxt u/]sf] of]hgf k|:tfj u/]sf]df c:jLs[t
ePsf] va/ cfof] . e|i6frf/n] lj/fdLt'No b]zdf Psn] csf{nfO{ cljZjf; ug]{ kl/kf6L
x'g' :jfefljs xf] .
cljZjf;sf]
jftfj/0f
clxn]
sd{rf/L g]tfnfO{, g]tfn] sd{rf/LnfO{, g]tfn] ;]gfnfO{ k"0f{ ljZjf; ug{
g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f e|i6frf/ g} xf] . s;} g s;}sf] xftdf 8f8'
k'Go" k'luxfn] e|i6frf/ ul/xfNg] k'/fgf]
kl/kf6L 5 . Psn] csf{nfO{ bf]iff/f]k0f u/]/ pGd'lQm ldNb}g . e|i6frf/
;a} lgsfodf 5 eGg] tL lgsfo;Dj4 ejgx¿df k'u]sf] ;f]r]eGbfsf] a9L Ifltn] 5n{+u kf5{
. hlt xb;Ddsf] e"sDk cfpFbf y]U5 eg]/ agfPsf] 5 Tof] eGbf sd
DoflUg6\o'6sf] e"sDk cfpFbf ;d]t ejgx¿ 9n]sf 5g\ . e|i6frf/af6 sf]xL klg
c5"t /x]g5g\ . /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf, sd{rf/L, ;]gf / k|x/Lsf sltko JolQmx¿
e|i6 x'Fbf w]/} Iflt ef]Ug' k/]sf] n'Sb}g .
g]tf,
sd{rf/L, ;]gf jf k|x/LdWo] s'g} Ps If]qsfnfO{ d'Vo lhDd]jf/L lb+bf e|i6frf/
x'g] vt/f x'G5 . ljb]zL bft[ lgsfon] ;d]t ;/sf/nfO{ l;w} k};f lbg c:jLsf/ u/] .
o;sf k5fl8 /sd b'¿kof]unfO{ d'Vo sf/0f dflgPsf] 5 . b'¿kof]u t bft[ lgsfon]
sfo{qmd ug]{ cGt/fli6«o jf :jb]zL u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf klg ljjfbaf6 d'Qm 5}gg\ .
To:tf ;+:yfx¿df klg e|i6frf/ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . clgoldttfsf] cfz+sf htftt} 5 .
o;sf k5fl8 alnof] cg'udg / d"Nof+sg gx'g' g} d'Vo sf/0f xf] . cg'udg ug]{
lgsfon] bl/nf] gLlt agfP/ sfof{Gjog u/]sf] eP o:tf] cj:yf cfpg] lyPg .
s:tf]
cg'udg lgsfo
k|yd t
g]kfnn] k|efjzfnL /fHo aGg] gLlt canDag ug{'k5{ . k|efjzfnL /fHon] ;fdflhs
cfly{s / bLuf] ljsf; xfl;nnfO{ d'Vo nIo agfpF5 . kf/bzL{tf, hjfkmb]lxtf,
k|efjsf/L ljsf;, 7f]; kl/0ffd / ;'zf;gsf nflu ;/sf/L / u}/ ;/sf/L If]q lhDd]bf/
x'g' cfjZos 5 . ;/sf/, ;+;b, gful/s, lghL If]q, /fli6«o cGt/fli6«o u}/ ;/sf/L
;+:yf, bft[ lgsfo / ldl8of pTs[i6 k|bz{gLsf nflu lhDd]bf/ x'G5g\ . ldl8ofn] ;xL
/ unt sfdsf] ljgf cfu|x k"jf{u|x ;xL ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f jf k|;f/0f
ug{'k5{ .
cToflws
hjfkmb]lxtf / 7f]; kl/0ffd lgsfNg kl/0ffdd'vL cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ;DalGw
of]hgf, gLlt tyf sfo{qmd clgjfo{ x'G5 . nf]stGqsf] o'udf /fHodfly w]/}
r'gf}tLx¿ t]l;{Psf 5g\ . h;dWo] hjfkmb]lxtf, kf/blz{tf, ;'zf;g / 7f]; ljsf;
d'Vo x'g\ . kl/0ffdd'vL cg'udg / d"Nof+sg gLlt lgdf{0fstf{sf nflu zlQmzfnL
Joj:yfksLo cf}hf/ aGg ;S5 . ;/sf/sf s'g} Ps lgsfon] dfq Joj:yfksLo lhDd]jf/L
k"/f ug{ ;Sb}g . ;/sf/sf ;a} lgsfo, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf, ldl8ofsf cnfjf
;j{;fwf/0fn] ;d]t k'gMlgdf{0fsf avt bfloTjaf]wsf ;fy lhDd]jf/Laxg u/] clgoldttf
x'g kfpFb}g .
;a}
If]q ;d]l6g] u/L ag]sf] cg'udg lgsfo eP cem k|efjsf/L aGg ;S5 . ;r]t hgtfn]
sfddf ;xof]u, unt eP tTsfn ph"/L jf To:tf ph"/Lsf] tTsfn ;'g'jfO{ x'g
;s]df dfq cg'udg / d"Nof+sg k|efjsf/L x'g;S5 . sfdsf/afxLsf] ;xL nut lg:sG5 .
cg'udg
/ d"Nof+sgsf] dxTj
cg'udgn]
lglZrt k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t /x]/ s'g}klg ljsf;sf sfo{qmdsf] lg/Gt/ tYof+s ;+sng
u5{ . s'g ;dodf s'g sfo{qmd k'Uof], nlIft dfG5] sxfF k'Uof] ls k'u]g / To;n]
s:tf] kl/0ffd lbof] eGg]af/] ;"rgf lbG5 . d"Nof+sgn] of]hgf jf
sfo{qmdsf] lgdf{0f, sfof{Gjog / kl/0ffdaf/] lgoldt / j:t'ut d"Nof+sg u5{ .
nlIft of]hgf / glthf s] xf] / s] pknlAw xfl;n eof] eGg]af/] tYo k|bfg u5{ . pQd
d"Nof+sgn] sfdsf/afxLnfO{ ;xL lbzfdf nfg ;xof]uL e"ldsf lgefpF5 .
tTsfn /fxt / bLuf] /fxt tyf gjlgdf{0f sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zo, p2]Zo xfl;n eP gePsf] kQf
nufpgsf ;fy} pknlAw k|dfl0ft ug{sf nflu alnof] cg'udg clgjfo{ x'G5 .
of]hgf
agfP/ nfu" ub}{df k'Ub}g To;sf] cg'udg ePg eg] cg'lrt tl/sfn] ePsf]af/]
kQf] x'Fb}g . sdhf]/ cg'udgsf sf/0f sltko of]hgf unt 9+un] nfu" ubf{ emg\
gsf/fTds c;/ kg{ hfG5 . xfdL jt{dfgnfO{ ;ayf]s 7fGg] /f]un] u|:t 5f}+ .
ljutsf]
kf7af6 x/]s sfo{qmd eljio nlIft x'g'k5{ . jt{dfg;Dd b]zn] e|i6frf/af6
7"nf] d"No r'sfof] . carflx+ cj:yf kl/jt{g ug{'k5{ . e|i6frf/sf]
bnbnaf6 b]znfO{ d'Qm /fVg] 7f]; sbd rfn]df dfq gjlgdf{0fsf] nIo xfl;n x'G5 .
;fbuL elgPsf k|wfgdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnf /fxt / k'gMlgdf{0fsf] k};f b'¿kof]u
ug]{nfO{ h]n xfN5' eg]/ af/Daf/ bf]xf]¥ofpF5g\ . t/ h]n xfNg} gkg]{ u/L
e|i6frf/sf] df}sf glbg] 7f]; pkfo lgsfNgtkm{ kfOnf rfNb}gg\ .
b]zsf
sfo{sf/L lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfn]sf pgn] cg'udg / d"Nof+sg;Dj4 lgsfonfO{ alnof] /
k|efjsf/L agfpg\ . cfjZos k/] gjlgdf{0fnfO{ b[li6ut u/L ;a} If]q ;d]l6g] u/L
k|ltli7t lj1x¿ ;dflji6 clwsf/ ;DkGg cg'udg / d"Nof+sg lgsfo :yfkgf u¿g\ . —cgnfO{g vj/ klqsfjf6
df]km;n
kqsfl/tf
sfd cg';f/sf] kfl/>lds x'Fb}g
efjgLl;+x P]/ -s]Gb|Lo ;b:o_
g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3
tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/ro kfpF g <
—
ejfgLl;+x P]/ . ;d}hL uflj;–$ l;n+uL, 88]Nw'/f . @)%^ b]lv kqsfl/tf ;'?
-k|lzIffyL{sf] ?kdf_ hgfb]z ;Ktflxsdf, b]zdf rn]sf] hgo'4nfO{ ;3fpg @)^) jf6 kqsfl/tf
If]q;+u} e'ldut, zflGt ;Demf}tfkl5 @)^# b]lv uf]/vfkqdf 88]Nw'/fjf6
l/kf]{6/, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] xfn}
;DkGg @$ cf}+ dxflwj]zgjf6 ;aeGbf a9L dtsf] cGt/n] s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lgjf{lrt .
uf]/vfkqdf sfo{/t xfn s}nfnLjf6 .
tkfO{n]
lsg kqsfl/tf k]zf /f]Hg' eof] <
—
;dfh;+u l;Sg / ;d'bfonfO{ ;Sbf] ;"lrt u/fpg kqsfl/tf k]zf ;aeGbf pQd nfu]/
g} xf] t/, xfd|f] ;dfhdf of] k]zfdf l6ls/xg cln ufx|f]g} /x]5 .
s:tf]
vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <
—
;fdfh;+u hf]l8Psf ;a}h;f] ljifodf
Ps
kqsf/ eP/ cfO{kg]{ ;d:ofx? s] s] b]Vg' ePsf] 5 <
—
kqsfl/tf k]zfg} Ps r'gf}tLk"0f{ k]zf ePsf]n] kqsf/n] ;–;fgf] s'/fdf klg
lgs} ;hstf ckgfpg' kg]{ x'G5 . ;To, tYo / lg:kIf eP/ ljifoa:t' p7fpbf klg s'g}
g s'g} kIfjf6 kqsf/k|lt cf}nf 78\ofOG5 . o;sf cnfjf cfly{s cefjdf hLjg wfGg ;d:of
e}/xG5 .
tkfO{
emg zf/Ll/s ?kdf c;Qm dfG5], s:tf ;d:of em]Ng' kbf]{ /x]5 <
— xf],
clxn] zf/Ll/s czQmtfsf] cj:yfdf d}n] klg xfd|f] ;dfhsf cGo zf/Ll/s czStx?em+}
;d:of ef]Ub}5' . h;sf/0f b}lgs sfdsfh b]lv ;a} :ynut l/kf]l6ªdf hfg ;d:of 5 .
w]/}
h:tf ;+rf/dfWoddf sfd cg';f/sf] kfl/>lds lbGgg\ eGg] u'gf;f] ;'Gg kfO{G5,
tkfO{ sfd ug]{ ;~rf/dfWoddf s:tf] 5 <
— sfd
cg';f/sf] kfl/>lds gx'g] xfd|f] kl/j]z h:tfsf] To:t} 5 . Pp6f :d/0fjf6 :ki6
u/fpF ;ft jif{cl3 uf]/vfkq h:tf] ;/sf/L ;~rf/dfWodnfO{ ;dfrf/ ;+sng ug{
88]Nw'/fsf] leqL dw]z uPsf] lyPF . lhNnf ;b/d'sfdjf6 ev{/ oftfoftn] 5f]Psf]
hf]ua'9f x'Fb} 36\gf:yn k'Ubf / ;dfrf/ ;+sng u/L kmls{bf ks]6sf] rf/ xhf/ vr{
eof], t/ ;dfrf/ 5flkP jfkmt uf]/vfkqn] b'O{ ;o krf; lbG5 . To;df klg ;]jf lbP
jkmt !) k|ltzt s/ sf6\5 . cGo g]kfnL ldl8of xfp; lg o:t} 5g, dfGg'; gdfGg';
kqsf/sf] cfly{s cj:yf o:t} 5 .
zf/Ll/s
c;Qmtf ePsf AolQmnfO{ kqsf/Ltf If]qdf x]g]{ b[li6 s:tf] kfpg' eof] <
—
xfd|f] ;dfh pxL t xf] st} g sfFxL e]befj ul/G5,
t/ d]/f] ljrf/df lx8\g / af]Ng ;Sg]nfO{ dfq} kqsf/ elgb}g, cfˆgf] cfTdjn
a9fP/ k]zfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO/x]sf]n] km/s dx;'; u/]sf] 5}g .
uf]/vfkqdf
sfd ub}{ x'g'x'G5 s:tf] dx;'; ug'{ ePsf] 5 <
— of]
k]zfdf r'gf}tL 5 eg]/ hfGbfhfGb} /x/n] nfluPsf] xf] . g]kfnL ;Ktflxs, dfl;s
klqsfjf6 ;'? u/]sf] kqsfl/tf ljut ;ft jif{b]lv uf]/vfkq /fli6«o b}lgsdf sfd
ub}{5' . d}n] kqsfl/tf ul//x]sf] clxn] lalzi7 kl/l:yltdf klg ut jif{ s}nfnL
x;'lnofsf b[i6Lljlxgn] ljBfno k9\g kfPgg\ eGg] d]/f] l/kf]{6 k|sflztkl5
sf7df08f}+sf] Ps :s'nn] b'O{hgfnfO{ pt} nu]/ k9fO{/x]sf] 5 . To:t} cfdfafa'n]
5f]8]sf wgu9Lsf tLg c;fxo blnt afnaflnsfsf] bb{gfs l/kf]{6 k|sflztkl5
sf7df08f}+sf] Ps Dofgkfj/ sDkgLsf dflnsn] tL c;fxonfO{ !% xhf/ gub lbof], lhNnf
k|zf;g / pgLx? cWog/t ljBfnoklg ljleGg /xft lbg afWo eof] . o;/L sndsf]
dfWodjf6 af:tljstf k|i6fpbf ;dfhdf ;sf/fTds ljsf; ePsf 5g\ v'zL dx;'; u/]sf] 5'
. h;n] kqsfl/tfsf] If]qjf6 dnfO{ b]z ljb]zdf lrgfof] .
df]km;n
kqsfl/tfsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s:tf lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{
<
—
;/sf/n] cfˆgf] kk'nf/L6L a9fpg dfq ;~rf/ hutnfO{ rf}yf] c+u eGg] u5{ t/
Joaxf/tM To:tf] dfg]sf] b]lvb}g . tkfO{n] emg /fhwfgL aflx/sf] kqsfl/tf -df]km;n_
sf af/]df ;f]Wg'eof], h'g hLpg' g dg'{sf] bf];fFwdf /x]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] df]km;n
kqsfl/tfsf ofjt ;d:o ;dfwfg ug{ atfj/0f ldnfO{ lbg'k5{ .
df]km;ndf
sfo{/t kqsf/x?sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg'
ePsf] 5 <
— g]kfn
kqsf/ dxf;+3 ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL kqsf/sf] ;femf ;+:yf ePsf] gftfn] ;/sf/
nufotsf ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu 3r\3Rofpg], sfg"gL bfo/fdf
Nofpg] h:tf kxn sbdL ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . kqsfl/tf k]zfnfO{ Joa;flos agfpb} 6«]8
o'lgog agfpg] sL eGg] af/]df 5nkmn ax; rnfPsf] 5 .
df]km;nsf
;~rf/dfWod / ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] xs lxtsf nflu kqsf/x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?sf] e'ldsf
s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <
—kqsf/sf
a}rfl/s ;+3 ;+u7gx?n] k]zfut eGbfklg /fhgLlts e'ldsf dxTjk"0f{ dfGb5g\ .
ljrf/ / cf:yfsf sf/0f slxn]sfFxL df]km;nsf ;~rf/dfWod tyf ;~rf/sdL{x?nfO{
cf]em]ndf kfg]{ u/]sf 5g .
tkfOsf]
ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <
—
kqsfl/tf ;dfh;+u hf]l8Psf] x'g'k5{ . h;n] n's]sf, ;+efljt / x'g'kg]{
ljifoa:t'sf] ulx/fO{df uP/ ;To, tYo / lgZkIf ?kdf hg;d'bfonfO{ oyfy{ ;"lrt
ug{ ;sf];\ / ;dfh kl/j{tgdf ;sf/fTds ljsf; ug{ k|]l/t ug'{g} kqsfl/tf xf] .
h;n] b'lgofFsf vj/ :yfgLo ;d'bfodf / ;d'bfosf ultljlw b'lgofF;fd' k'¥ofp5 .
clxn]
kqsfl/tf If]q jb\gfldt x'Fb}5, kqsfl/tf If]qdf nfu]s}x?n] lbpF;} hfF8 vfP/ xNnf
ug]{, cfkm'nfO{ 5'§} b'lgofFsf] dfG5] 7fGg], ;dfrf/nfO{ lnP/ df]ndf]nfO{ ug]{
h:tf k|a[lQx? klg b]lvPsf 5g eGg] cf/f]k nfUg] u/]sf] 5, tkfO{nfO{ s] nfU5 <
— kqsf/
klg o;} ;dfhsf pkh ePsfn] o:tf k|j[lt b]lvPsf 5g . csf]{lt/ kqsf/sf] lglZrt
d'NodfGotfsf] dfkb08 7Ls;+u sfof{Gjog ug{ g;Sbf kl5Nnf] ;dodf o:tf k|j[lt a9L
b]lvPsf 5g . cj cGoq gcNdlnO{ kqsf/sf] ;'l4s/0f ug'{kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 .
tkfO{
slQsf] nfUg' ef 5 o:tf s'/fx?df <
—
zf/Ll/s c;Qmtfkl5 d t clkm;leqsf] kqsf/ ePsf] 5' . rNtflkmtf{n] ug{ ;Sg] o:tf Joaxf/ d s;/L ug{
;s'nf / <
df]km;n
kqsfl/tfdf ;'wf/sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ s] ;'emfj lbg rfxfg'x'G5 <
—
/fhwfgL s]lGb|t kqsfl/tf eGbfklg u|fld0f a:tL / hg;d'bfo;+u k|To]If hf]l8Psf]
df]km;n kqsfl/tfnfO{ ;'wf/ ug'{ ;aeGbf dxTk"0f{ bfloTj g} ;/sf/sf] xf] .
df]km;ndf lhgltg rln/x]sf / ;~rfngdf ;d:o cfO/x]sfnfO{ ;/sf/n] lng] ljleGg vfn]
s/, dx;'n nufotdf s6f}tL u/L k|of]u x'g] ;fwg, pks/0fdf ;x'lnot lbg / lj1fkg
gLtLdf ;'wf/ Nofpg ;'emfj lbg rxfG5' .
cGTodf
s]xL eGg dg nfu]sf] 5 <
—
gful/s ;dfhleqsf] kqsf/ ;dfhsf] P]gf xf] . P]gf cuf8L tkfO{ h;/L k|:t't
x'g'x'G5 P]gfn] To:t} b]vfpg] ePsfn] kqsf/sf] ;fgf] nfk/jfxLn] ;dfhdf
7"nf] c;/ kg{;S5, To;}n] x/jvt ;hstf ckgfpg cfu|x ub{5' .
nf]s;]jf
tof/Lsf nflu pkof]uL
!=;u/dfyfnfO{ csf]{ s] gfdn] lrlgG5 <
—
t];|f] w|'j
@=lai0f'
u'Kt s;sf] af:tljs gfd xf] <
—
rf0fSo
#=
XjfO6 8n/ eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 <
—
hnljB't jf kfgL lgof{tjf6 sdfPsf] lab]zL d'b|f
$=
dflg;n] ;a}eGbf l56f] ug{ ;Sg] sfd s'g xf] <
— cfFvf
lemDsfpg]
%=dflg;
:j:y /xgsf nflu slt k|sf/sf le6fldg vfg'k5{ <
— !#
k|sf/sf le6fldg
^=xfn
>Ln+sfsf /fi6«klt sf] /x]sf 5g <
—
d}qLkfn l;l/;]gf
&=
sf7df08f}+df dlxnfd}qL a; ;]jf slxn] b]lv ;+rfng ePsf] 5 <
—
la=;+=@)&! kf}if @)
*= laZj
:jf:Yo ;+u7gn] slxn] ;]g]un / gfOh]l/ofnfO{ slxn] Oaf]nfd'Qm 3f]if0f u/]sf]
lyof] <
— s|dzM
!& / @) cS6'a/ @)!$
(=g]kfndf
slxn] b]lv Sofl;gf] aGb ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] <
—
@)&! a}zfv )& ut]
!)= ld;
o'lge;{ @)!% sf] pkflw lhTg] o'jtL sf] x'g <
—
kfplng d]3f
!!=
g]kfndf k|yd lgjf{lrt ;+;bsf ;efd'v sf] lyP <
— s[i0f
k|;fb e§/fO{
!@=
cf]hg tx arfp lbj; slxn] dgfO{G5 <
— x/]s
aif{ ;]K6]Da/ !! df
!#=
xhf/f}+ tfnsf] b]z eg]/ s'g b]znfO{ lrlgG5 <
—
lkmgNof08
!$=
k|folåksf] klg k|folåk eg]/ s'g dxfb]znfO{ lrlgG5 <
—
o'/f]k
!%=
s'g} Ps ljwfsf] gf]an k'/:sf/ a9Ldf slthgf JolQmnfO{ k|bfg ul/G5 <
— # hgf
!^= Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)_ sf]
k|wfg sfof{no sxfF /x]sf] 5 <
—
rLgsf] a]Olhª\u
!&=
cGt/fli6«o ul/jL lgjf/0f lbj; slxn] dgfOG5 <
— 17 October
!*=;lhj
/ lglh{j larsf] bf];fFw klg eg]/ lrlgg] hLj s'g xf] <
— efO/;
!(=
lj/f6gu/ h'6 ldN;nfO{ s'g k|lqmof cGtu{t lghLs/0f ul/Psf] lyof] <
—
Joj:yfkg s/f/
@)=
kfls:tfgsf] k];fj/l:yt ;]gfåf/f ;~rflnt ljBfnodf s§/kGyL d'l:nd ;d"x
tflnjfgåf/f !$* hgf eGbf a9L sf] Hofg hfg] u/L ljeT; 36gf slxn] 36fO{of] <
— ;g\
@)!$ l8;]Da/ !^
@!=
;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3n] cfpFbf] aif{ ljZjel/ /fi6«;+3sf] k|:tfj gDa/ !#@% -ljZjel/
åGåk|efljt d'n'sdf åGåkl5 zflGt k|lqmofsf qmddf dlxnfsf] cy{k"0f{
;dfg'kflts ;xeflutfnfO{ hf]8 lbO{Psf]_ sfof{Gjog / cg'udg ug{ ul7t ;ldltdf
g]kfnsf tkm{af6 s;nfO{ 5gf]6 u/]sf] 5 <
— aGbgf
/f0ff
@@=
æ;+u7g?kL zlQm cg'zfl;t eof] eg] 7"N7"nf sfd ug{ ;lsG5Æ eGg] ljrf/s
sf] x'g <
— ljj]sfgGb
@#=
:jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnon] pTs[i6 :jf:Yo ;]jf k'/:sf/ @)&! s;nfO{ k|bfg
u¥of] <
— 8f=
tf/fk|;fb kf}8]n
@$=
afUn'ª lhNnfsf] If]q g+ ! df pklgjf{rg slxn] ;DkGg eof] <
— lj=;+
@)&! r}q @*
;flxTo÷;[hgf
cfzfsf ls/0fx?
;fFem kg{ nflu;s]5
;"o{
klg c:tfpg yfn]5
zflGtsf]
af6f] x]bf{x]b}{
cfz dg{
nfu]5 .
cfdf Û
ltdLn] hGdfP/
x'sf{Psf]
of] 5f]/fnfO{
ldld{/]n]
Ao"emfO/x]5
dgsf
;f/f /x/
dgleq}
s'Fl8O/x]5g\ .
ltdLn]
o; wtL{df
hGdfO
lbPsf] of] 5f]/fsf]
x[boleq
slxn] kf]
v'zL
knfpF5 xf]nf <
slxn]
xf]nf zflGtsf]
nfdf]
;f; km]g{ kfpg] If0f .
ltd|f]
5f]/fsf] 5ftLe/L
x'ls{/x]5g\
/x/x?
knfpFb}
cfzfsf ls/0fx? .
sNkgfdf
dUg eO{ afFlr/x]5'
cfˆg}
b]zsf] df6f]df
hLjg
pT;u{ ul//x]5
cfdf Û
ltd|f] o; 5f]/fn] .
— c?0faxfb'/ vqLægbLÆ
8]p8f lut
km'n km'Nb}g kmn nfUb}g
kvfgsf ?O{gf
lbg d' jf8'nL nfpnf /ftL
lbpnf ;'O{gf
;D/f8L nfu]sf j]nf j;]O{
kmf]6f] x]/L
sfnn] gnu]kl5 e]6
xf]O{hfnf km]/L
gO{ b]v] jf8'nL nfpg' g}
b]v]/ ?g'
dfof hfn slt 5 egL dO{
s;/L eg'
cfFvfsf cf;'n] d]/f n'uf
?h]sf 5g
t]/L xF' eg]sf s;d sfg
leh]sf 5g
lhGbuL ;+u;+u} sf6\g]
;fO{sf] d]/f] wf]sf]
5f]8jfh lkm/tf n}hf
dfofhfnsf] kf]sf]
km'Nof] km'n k}/g kfO{g
efjLgL ljwftf
/ftL ;'O{gf hgb]O{ em'k
em'kLsf kftf
km'n 6LkL sf]n] j n}Uof]
;'GtnL jf]6sf]
emnemnL ;Demgf cfp5
;'jfsf cf]7sf]
b'wsf s6f}/f d'gL hg
l/ª} dfvf
;'jfsf] em'dem'd] jf]nL
lemDsfPsf cfFvf
nfunf h]7sf] d}gf kfuGgf
sfkmn
;'jfnfO{
;Dem]sf j]nf dg x'G5 kfun
s[i0f jxfb'/ cf]nL ;fu/
jun]v uflj;–$ jf8L
wgL jfpsL 5f]/Ln], lju|]sL lt df]/Ln]
dg rf]/L nUof] d]/f], lju|]sL df]/Ln]
kfun jgfO{ 5f8L uof}, jUof] cfF;'sf] wf/f
PSn} j:g' kg]{ /}5, sf]lx 5}g d]/f] ;xf/f
lgi7'/L sfnL df]/L 5f]8L, hfg] ltgL uf]/L
PSn} j:5' d clxn], e]6\g cfp ltdL ef]nL
wgL jfpsL 5f]/Ln]
dg rf]/L nUof] d]/f]
ltd|f] jfpnfO{ ;DemfO{ /fVg'
d Nofpnf ljx]sf] 3f]8f]
cGhfg
l;nu9L–@
;"rgf÷;a1fkg÷;Gb]z
;sf cfjZostf ;DjlGw ;"rgf
k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M– @)&@÷)@÷!@
8f]6L lhNnf bxsflnsf:yfg uflj; j8f g+= &
/ * /]h'nfdf /x]sf] o; >L u+uf ejfgL jfnlasf; s]Gb|df tklzn cg';f/sf] l/Qm
kbdf v'nf k|ltof]lutfåf/f kbk'lt{ ug'{ kg]{ ePsf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's
g]kfnLx?jf6 of] ;"rgf k|sfl;t ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq b/vf:t cfAxfg
ul/G5 .
tkl;n
la1fkg
g+= )!÷)&!÷)&@,
kb M– jfn
lasf; s]Gb| ;xof]uL sfo{stf{
;+Vof
M– ! hgf -lajflxt dlxnf_
z}lIfs
of]Uotf M– k|j]lztf -P;Pn;L_ jf ;f] ;/x
pd]/ M– !*
jif{ k'/f eO{ $) ggf3]sf]
cj]bg
b:t'/ M– ?= %))÷–
k/LIffsf]
lsl;d M– lnlvt / cGt/jftf{
;Dks{
ldlt M @)&@÷@÷!( ut]
cfaZos
sfuhft M– g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk @ k|lt, z}lIfs
of]Uotfsf k|df0f kqx? @ k|lt, tflnd k|fKt eP ;f]sf] k|df0fkq k|ltlnlk, x:tlnlvt
lgj]bg, lajfx btf{ k|df0f kq .
gf]6 M–
:yfgLo, blnt, ckfË tyf k5f8L kf/]sf] ju{sf] dlxnfnfO{ laz]if k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5
. Dofb gf3L tyf l/t gk'uL cfPsf] lgj]bgdf s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g .
;sf cfjZostf ;DjlGw ;"rgf
k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M– @)&@÷)@÷!)
8f]6L lhNnf nfldvfn uflj; j8f g+= ! 9s}rfdf
/x]sf] o; >L xl/ofnL jfnlasf; s]Gb|df tklzn cg';f/sf] l/Qm kbdf v'nf
k|ltof]lutfåf/f kbk'lt{ ug'{ kg]{ ePsf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's g]kfnLx?jf6 of]
;"rgf k|sfl;t ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq b/vf:t cfAxfg ul/G5 .
tkl;n
la1fkg
g+= )!÷)&!÷)&@,
kb M– jfn
lasf; s]Gb| ;xof]uL sfo{stf{
;+Vof
M– ! hgf -lajflxt dlxnf_
z}lIfs
of]Uotf M– k|j]lztf -P;Pn;L_ jf ;f] ;/x
pd]/ M– !*
jif{ k'/f eO{ $) ggf3]sf]
cj]bg
b:t'/ M– ?= %))÷–
k/LIffsf]
lsl;d M– lnlvt / cGt/jftf{
;Dks{
ldlt M @)&@÷@÷!& ut]
cfaZos
sfuhft M– g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk @ k|lt, z}lIfs
of]Uotfsf k|df0f kqx? @ k|lt, tflnd k|fKt eP ;f]sf] k|df0fkq k|ltlnlk, x:tlnlvt
lgj]bg, lajfx btf{ k|df0f kq .
gf]6 M–
:yfgLo, blnt, ckfË tyf k5f8L kf/]sf] ju{sf] dlxnfnfO{ laz]if k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5
. Dofb gf3L tyf l/t gk'uL cfPsf] lgj]bgdf s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g .
8f]6Lsf] klxrfg
k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ xfd|f] cleofg
zf}rfno lsg k|of]u ug]{ <
¨ aftfj/0f
;/;kmfO{ /fvg
¨ 3/ j/k/
;/;kmfO{ /fVg
¨ emf8fkvfnfhGo
/f]ux?jf6 jRg
¨ uf]Ko
?kdf lbFzf lk;fj ug{
¨ afx\o
lx+;|s hLjhGt'jf6 ;'/lIft /xg
¨ JolQmut,
kl/jf/ Pj+ ;dfhs} ;/;kmfO{sf nflu
¨ dfgjLo
;Eotfsf] kl/ro lbgsf nflu
¨ ;dosf]
jrtsf nflu
;'b"/klZrdf~rn If]qLo cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f sfof{no /fhk'/
8f]6L
;fa'g kfgL xft, ;w}+ ;fy;fy
;fj'g
kfgLn] /fd|f];+u ldlrldlr xft wf]Pdf emf8fkvfnf, Zjf;k|Zjf;, O{Gk\mn'PGhf
nufotsf laleGg ;?jf /f]ux?jf6 aRg ;lsG5 . of] cToGt k|efjsf/L tyf yf]/} nfutdf
:j:Y /xg ;lsg] Pp6f pkfo xf] . t;y{ ;j}n] lgDg cj:yfx?df ;fj'gkfgLn] ldlrldlr
xft w'g] u/f}+ .
¨ vfgf
jgfpg' eGbf cl3
¨ vfgf
vfg'eGbf cl3
¨ rkL{jf6
cfPkl5
¨ aRrfsf]
lbzfF wf]Pkl5
¨ kmf]x/
lrh 5f]Pkl5 .
lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, 8f]6L
oxL /fhk'/ lbkfon 8f]6Ldf /x]sf] dxfsfnL d]l8sn xndf k"j{
sfo{/t e]/L c~rn c:ktfn g]kfnu~hsf al/i7 5fnf tyf of}g /f]u laz]if1 MD Dr. R.K. Jha åf/f oxL h]7 !^ ut] laxfg & jh] b]lv a]n'sf %
jh];Dd r]s hfFr ul/g] ePsf]n] df}sfsf] kmfO{bf p7fpg x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
xfd|f ;]jfx? M
!_
d'vdf rfof jf sfnf] kf]tf] ePsf] .
@_
z/L/jf6 dl;gf lalj/fx? cfpg] / lrnfpg] .
#_
z/L/df bfb cfpg] / uf]nf] uf]nf] k}zfsf] h:tf] rqm cfpg] / lrnfpg] .
$_
cf}ifwL vfFbf l7s x'g] kl5 km]/L cfpg] lrnfpg] .
%_ 5fnf
km';|f] ;]tf] x'g] sGofpbf 5f/L h:tf] p7\g] .
^_
v'§fsf k}tnf / xftsf xts]Nnf lrnfpg] .
&_
km'6\g] / /ut jUg] .
*_
d'vdf 808Lkm]f/ cfO{ d'v lalu|g] .
(_
of}gL lrnfpg] / of}gLdf dl;gf bfgf cfpg] .
!)_
of}gL ;'vf x'g] / 5fnf km'6\g] .
!!_
of}gLjf6 ;]tf] ugfpg] kfgL aUg] .
!@_
;fgf ltgf, aRrfsf] 6fpsf] kfs]/ lrnfpg] .
!#_
xft, v'§fsf gª 6'6\b} hfg] jf gª km'6\g] lrnfpg] .
!$_
afnaflnsfx?sf] hLpdf cfuf]n] kf]n]sf] h:tf] kmf]sf cfpg] .
¨ X-Ray-II
¨ Kofyf]nf]hL
;]jf .
¨ bft
;DjlGw ;]jf .
¨ k|To]s
lbg MBBS 8fS6/åf/f r]s hfFr x'g] .
¨ cf}ifwL
;]jf .
;Dks{ :yfg M
dfxfsfnL d]l8sn xn
/fhk'/, lbkfon 8f]6L
df]jfOn (*$*$#!)^*, (*$*$#!(()