Wednesday, March 26, 2014

बिम्ब नेपाली साप्ताहिक मिति ः २०७० साल चैत्र ११ गते मंगलवार

;8\s b'3{6gf af6 hf]lug 6«flkms lgodsf] k'0f{ ?kdf kfng u/f} .
g]kfn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno
;"rgf ljefu

cfkm\g} ;"rgf
laDa ;fKtflxsn] cfkm\gf] !) jif]{ ofqf ;kmntfsf ;fy kf/ u/L !! cf} jif{df k|a]z u/]sf] ca;/df @)&) ;fn r}q !* ut] k|sfzg x'g] %! cf} c+sdf laDa  ;fKtflxs ljz]iff+s k|sfzg ug]{ Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fpF5f} . pQm c+sdf laDak|lt cfkm\gf] wf/0ff, z'esfdgf, ;Nnfx ;'emfa k|sfzg ug{ rfxg' x'g] kf7s ju{, la1fkgbftf, n]vs, /rgfsf/x?n] @)&) r}q !^ ut];Dd o; ;fKtflxssf] sfof{no ;Dd k'Ug] cfk\mgf] ;fdu|L k7fO{ ul/lbg x'g cg'/f]w 5 .

d'Vo ;dfrf/
k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] b}lgs Ps sn laB'tnfO{
æ/ft lbg u/L lbgsf] Ps k6s laB't sfof{nodf kmf]g u5'{ ;d:of 36]sf] 5}g, emg a9\b} 5 . tkfO{x?n] lhNnfdf ;a} EfGbf ;xh 9+uaf6 s] hjfkm lbg ;Sg' ePg < eGg] k|Zg ug'{ eof] eg] d]/f] ;xh hjfkm 5 laB't .Æ
8f]6Lsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lbks sfkm\n]sf] egfO{ xf] of] . lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6Ln] cfO{tjf/ cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;fj{glhs ;'g'jfO{ sfo{qmddf ;]jfu|fxLn] p7fPsf k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm lbg] qmddf k|lhc sfkm\n]n] o:tf] eg]sf x'g . lhNnfdf sfd u/L /xFbf laB't sof{no k|d'v 6fpsf] b'vfO{sf] laifo /x]sf] sfkm\n]n]sf] egfO{ 5 .
clwsf+; ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx?sf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] ;fj{hlgs ;'jfO{ sfo{qmdf laB't sfo{no cg'kl:yt   lyof] . lhNnf lasf; ;ldltn] o;cl3 cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{df klg laB't sfof{non] cfkm'nfO{ cg'kl:yt} /fv]sf] lyof] . ;f] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{df laB'tdf eO/x]sf] clgoldttfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lnO{ rfF8f] sfd yfNg] k|lta4tf u/]sf k|lhc csf]{ ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{;Dd k'Ubf :jo+ lg/f; ePsf] h:tf] cleAolQm lbPsf 5g . 
laB't sfo{nosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwsf] pkl:ylt gePkl5 pQm sfo{nosf] af/]df ;]jfu|fxLn] ;f]w]sf k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm lhNnfsf] k|zf;sLo k|d'vsf x}l;otn] sfkm\n]n] lbPsf lyP . ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ dfq} xf]O{g lhNnfdf x'g] sfof{no k|d'vsf] a}7s nufot cGo 7fpFx?df klg laB't sfof{no cg'kl:yt /xg] u/]sf] 5 .
laB'tsf] ;d:ofsf laifodf laB't sfof{no k|d'v u0f]z kf08] ;+u a'em\bf pgn] eg] æd'Vo u'gf;f] nf]8;]l8Îsf] xf], ;a}nfO{ ;fFem / laxfg aQL rflxG5 To;} a]nf nf]8;]l8Π x'G5 , lau|]sf] 7fpFdf ;Sbf] rfF8f] dd{t ug]{ u/]s} 5f}F ef}ulns las6tfsf sf/0fn] klg ;dod} dd{t ug{ g;lsPsf] xf]nf .Æ
k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lg} lg/f; x'g] u/L cu|ultdf lx8]sf] laB't sfof{non] cfd ;]jfu|xLsf u'gf;fx? ;'Gnf t <  k6sk6s ;]jfu|fxLx?n] laB't sfof{nonfO{ lhNnf ;b/d'sfddf laB'tsf] nfO{gdf  ;'wf/ ug{ cfu|x u/]klg s'g} ;'g'jfO{ ePsf] 5}g . laB't sfof{nodf kmf]g ubf{ kmf]g ;Dks{ g} gx'g] u/]sf] y'k|} u'gf;fx? cfO{/xFbf klg laB't k|flws/0fn] g t s'g} ;''wf/ u/]sf] 5, g hgtfsf] u'gf;fg} ;'g]sf] 5 .

;DkfbsLo
laB't sfof{nonfO{ awfO{ 5
laut nfdf] ;dob]lv lhNnfdf laB't sfof{nosf] laifodf ;]jfu|fxLx?n] ;xsdL{ ;~rf/sdL{x?n] laleGg u'gf;fx? u/]sf] ;'lglGYof] . jf6f]d} a;]/ ;]jfu|fxLx? klg ufnL ub}{ lx8\g] ub{y] . sof}+ k6s t laB'ts} sf/0f ;~rf/sdL{x?n] klg ufnL vfg' k¥of] . …kqsf/x? klg n]Vb}gg\ laB'tsf] jf/]df, lolgx?n] klg vfPsf xf]nfg\Ú o:t} zJbx? cfd ?kdf jhf/df ;'lg/fVy] .
t/, ;]jfu|fxLx? dfq ;d:ofdf /x]g5g, ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ dfq b'v]sf] /x]g5 . 8f]6L lhNnfs} k|zf;sLo k|d'v k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ ;d]t c6]/ u/]sf] /x]5 laB't sfof{non] . o; cy{df laB't sfof{nonfO{ wGojfb lbg} k¥of] . ;]jf k|jfxdf ;j}nfO{ ;dfg Jojxf/ ug{ g;s]klg b'Mv lbgdf t 7'nf j8f s]xL gelg Psf]xf]/f ?kdf ;j}nfO{ b'Mv lbg ;Sg] laB'tnfO{ d'/Ld'/L wGojfb . sDtLdf lgoldt kmf]g ug]{sf] ;"rLdf 8f]6Ls} k|zf;sLo k|d'v klg k/]sf /x]5g . 8f]6]nL hgtfsf nflu of] eGbf v'zLsf] s'/f c?  s] x'g ;S5 / <
To;f] t tTsfnLg If]qLo k|zf;sn] ut h]7df …laB'tsf] laifodf 5nkmn ug{ ;fgf hn laB't sfof{no lbkfonsf] k|d'v d}n] jf]nfPsf] lyPF t/ pxfF cfpg' ePsf] 5}gÚ eg]/ Ps ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmdd} cleJolQm lbPsf lyP . To;kl5 If]qLo k|zf;ssf] df sfof{no k|d'v Ho" hfg eof] jf ePg eGg] jf/]df hfgsf/L kfO{Pg . t/ clxn] km]/L k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L :jo+n] klg ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmdd} pQm u'gf;f] ubf{ g]kfn laB't k|flws/0fn] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ klg 6]b}{g eGg] s'/fsf] k'i6L ePsf] 5 .
cd's /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?sf] lgb]{zgdf rNg] lbkfno laB't sfof{non] 8f]6Lsf ufpFlt/ nfO{g la:tf/ ubf{ klg           /fhgLlts bns} O{;f/fdf ug]{ u/]sf] s'/f t gf}nf] laifo xf]O{g . o; laifodf o; cl3g} laleGg rrf{ cfpg yfn]sf lyP . cfO{/x]sf 5g . nfO{g la:tf/ ug]{ dfq} xf]O{g rf/ jif{ klxn] la:tf/ x'g yfn]sf] nfO{g klg cd's /fhgLlts bns} cfb]zdf laB't sfof{non] /f]s]sf] s'/f klg jflx/ cfPsf] 5 . laB't nfO{g la:tf/sf nflu nluPsf ;fdfgx? ;d]t lkmtf{ Nofpg ;Sg], Ps 7fpFsf nflu cfPsf] sfo{qmd cs}{ 7fpFdf n}hfg ;Sg] laB't sfof{no kmf]g eg] p7fpg ;Sb}g . s/Lj s/f]8sf] ;DklQ Psf] ;d'xuf8 hnlaB't cfof]hgfsf] ;+/If0f klg ug{ ;Sb}g .
lglZrt ?kdf g]kfndf laB't nf]8;]l8Ë 5 . pTkfbg eGbf em08} b'O{ u'0ff dfu 5 . laB't sfof{non] dfu j/fj/sf] laB't cfk'lt{ ug{ ;Sb}g . t/, ;]jfu|fxLn] ;f]w]sf] lrQ a'em\bf] u/L hjfkm lbg' kg]{ p;sf] bfloTjleq k5{ . st} ;]jfu|fxLn] u/]sf] u'gf;f] tTsfn ;'g'jfO{ ug'{ k5{ . ;fdfGo ;d:of cfPsf sf/0f 306f}+;Dd laB't cfk'lt{ jGb x'G5 . tNnf] 3/df laB't jn]sf] x'G5 dflyNnf] 3/ cGwsf/ x'G5 . ;d:of laB't sfof{nonfO{ eGg vf]Hbf kmf]g p7\b}g . clg hgtfn] u'gf;f] ug]{ t eO{xfn] g} . t/ u'gf;f] u/]/ s] ug]{ < xfdLn] u'gf;f] ;'gfpg] lgsfo cfkm} u'gf;f] ub}{5 .
To;}n] ;j} ;]jfu|fxLx?nfO{ 9'Ss x'g'xf]; eGg] jfx]s csf]{ pkfo klg /x]g . cGo sfof{nox? eGbf j9L sfd ug'{ kg]{ / j9L hf]lvdk"0f{ ePs} sf/0f xf]nf ;]jf ;'lawfx? klg laB't k|flws/0fn] j9L lbg] ub{5 . 3f6fdf /x]sf] ;+:yfgsf sd{rf/Lx? dgUo ;]jf ;'lawf kfpF5g t/ klg hgtfdfyL /jfkm u5{g . ltg} hgtfn] lt/]sf] s/jf6 x'g Sof /] pgLx? klg tnj vfg] Û
km]/L klg Ps xflb{s jwfO{ 5 laB't k|flws/0fnfO{ . hgtfsf u'gf;f ;'Gg' k5{, u'gf;fx?sf] ;'g'jfO{ x'g k5{ eGg] dfGotf /fVg] Ps pRr ;/sf/L sd{rf/LnfO{ ;d]t u'gf;f] ug{ ;Sg] jgfpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 laB't sfof{no .

yk ;dfrf/x?
bnx?n] alxisf/ u/] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{
lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6Ln] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ lhNnfdf lqmoflzn /fhg}lts bnn] alxisf/ u/]sf 5g .
/fhg}lts bnx?n] sfo{qmd alxisf/ u/]sf] eP klg  lhla; 8f]6Lsf :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L lzjs'df/ sfsL{n] alx:sf/ u/]sf] s'/f cfkm'nfO{ hfgsf/L gePsf] jtfP . …olb /fhgLlts bnx?n] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ h:tf] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{qmd jlx:sf/ ug'{ ePsf] xf] eg] pxfFx?n] 7'nf] cj;/ u'dfpg' ePsf] xf]Ú sfo{qmdd} ;xeflux?n] lh1f;f /fVbf :yfljc sfsL{n] eg] …pxfFx?n] klg cfkm\gf] s'/fx? hgtfsf] lardf /fVg] cj;/ lyof] cfh .Ú
/fhg}lts bn?n] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ sfo{qmddf /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ cfzg u|x0f gu/fPsf] / ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ sfo{qmddf s'g} e'ldsf klg glbPsf] eGb} bnx?n] jlx:sf/ u/]sf x'g . …xfd|f] s'g} e'ldsf klg b]lvPg / xfdLnfO{ sfo{qmdsf] jf/]df s'g} hfgsf/L klg lbO{PgÚ g]kfnL sf+u|]; 8f]6Lsf sfo{jxfs ;efklt /fdk|;fb pkfWofon] eg] …of] of]hgf lagfsf] sfo{qmdk|lt xfd|f] 3f]/ cfklQ 5 .Ú
g]skf Pdfn] 8f]6L lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o z+s/bLk d8}n] 8f]6Ldf lqmofl;n ;j} bnx?n] ;Nnfx u/]/} alx:sf/ u/]sf] jtfPsf 5g . …sfo{qmddf kq sf6]/ jf]nfPsf] t/ bnx?sf] ;fdfGo cfzg u|x0f ;d]t gu/fPsf]df xfd|f] cfklQ /x\of]Ú d8}n] o:tf] sfo{qmddf cfkm'n] al;/fVg'sf] s'g} cf}lrTo gePsf] jtfP .
Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf k|ltlglw e/t jf]x/fn] bnx?nfO{ ckdfg u/]/ lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt cuf8L j9\g vf]h]sf] cf/f]k  nufP . …xfdL ef]nL ;j{bnLo j}7s jf]nfpF5f}+ / ;f] j}7sdf 5nkmn u/L lg0f{o u5f}+{Ú e/tn] eg] …of] cfof]hssf] j]O{dfgL xf] .Ú sfo{qmd jlx:sf/ u/]sf] 3f]if0ff u/]klg bnx?n] pkl:yltdf eg] x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g .
;]jfu|fxLsf u'gf;fx? ;'Ggsf nflu cfof]hgf ul/Psf] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ sfo{qmddf ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|ltlglwx?, u};;sf k|ltlglwx? / ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]klg ;]jfu|fxLx?sf] Go'g ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . k|Zgstf{x?df clwsf+; ;~rf/sdL{ / /fhgLlts bnsf sfo{stf{x? /x]sf lyP .
sfo{qmddf p7]sf lh1f;fx?sf] pQ/ lbFb} 8f]6Lsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lbks sfkm\n]n] 8f]6Lsf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] x}l;otn] lhNnfsf] ;'zf;g / zflGt ;'/Iff sfod /fVg' cfkm\gf] k|d'v bfloTj /x]sf] hfgsf/L lbP .

:jf:Yo dGh/L jg]kl5 lgoldt vf]k
æplxn] t rf}/df a;]/ ;'O{ nufpg' kg]{ x'GYof], cfsf;df jfbn b]lvPklg, kfgL k/]sf] j]nf klg, 3fd nfu]sf] j]nf klg jRrfx?s} lrGtf nfUg] u/]sf] lyof] t/ of] ejg jg]kl5 t ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 .Æ
8f]6L lhNnf ;fgfufpF ufla;–* g'jfsf]6sL nIdL cf]8n] ufpFdf lgdf{0f ePsf] :jf:Yo dGh/L ejg -ufpF3/ lSnlgs_ b]vfpFb} dfyL pNn]lvt s'/f elgg\ . kfgL k/]kl5 lelhG5 ls eGg] 8/ klg 5}g, 3fd x'G5 ls eGg] 8/ klg 5}g, nIdLn] jRrfx?nfO{ ejgleq} vf]k nufpg yflnPsf] jtfO{g .
nIdLn] egLg\ ufpF3/ lsNgLs eag ag] kl5 ua{jtL dlxnfx?sf] :jf:Yo kl/If0f ug{ klg ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 . o; cl3 v'Nnf rf}/df ufpF3/ lsNgLs ;~rfng x'g] ePsfn] ua{jtL dxLnfx? lgodLt :jf:Yo kl/If0f ug{ nhfosf] nIdLsf] egfO{ 5 .
g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO{6L 8f]6L zfvfn] ;~rfng u/]sf] ;fd'bfodf cfwf/Lt :jf:Yo tyf k|fydLs pkrf/ kl/of]hgfsf] ;xof]udf pQm :jf:Yo dGh/L eag lgdf0f{ ePsf] xf] . pQm eag lgdf0f{ eP kl5 k|fydLs pkrf/sf ;fdfu|Lx? /fVg ;lhnf] ePsf] atfp 5g :yfgLo g/ktf e'n . g/ktf eG5Lg :jf:Yo dGh/L ag] kl5 dxLnfx? klg lgodLt r]shfFr u/fpg hfg] u/]sf 5g .
:jf:Yo dGh/L eag lgdf0f{ eP kl5 lgodLt vf]k nufpg ;lhnf] ePsf] atfp5g ;fgfufpF :jf:Yo rf}sLsf :jf:YosdL{ gan ;L+ v8sf . v8sfn] lgodLt vf]ksf nfuL sxfF s:g] eGg] ;d:of pQm ufpFdf ca g/x]sf] atfP .
kl/of]hgfsf] lt; nfv / afFsL :yfgLo ;fd'bfosf] >dbfgdf lgdf0f{ ePsf] pQm Ps sf]7] eag ufpFsf] :yf:Yosf nfuL kmnbfoL ePsf] :yflgo x]ds0f{ s'Fa/n] atfP .


Ps lzIfs Ps ;o laBfyL{
tkfO{nfO{ yfx 5 ;fdfGotof sIffdf slt hgf laBfyL{ x'g'k5{ < g]kfnsf] lzIff lgodfjnLsf] lgod && cg';f/ ;fdfGotof k|To]s sIffdf lxdfnL e]sdf $) hgf, kxf8L e]sdf $% hgf / t/fO{df %) hgf x'g'k5{ . 8f]6L klg kxf8L lhNnf ePsf sf/0f lgodfjnLsf] lx;fjn] oxfF klg ;fdfGotf sIffdf $% ;Dd laBfyL{ x'g' kg]{ xf] t/ 8f]6Lsf] Ps jfnlasf; s]Gb|df Ps ;o hgf laBfyL{ ePklg Ps hgf dfq ;xhstf{ 5g .
dxfb]j:yfg ufla;–! / @ df ;~rflnt Ps jfnlasf; s]Gb|df Ps ;o jfnjflnsfx? /x]sf 5g . jfnlasf; s]Gb|df t cem @%÷#) hgf dfq} jfnaflnsf x'g' kg]{ xf] t/ ;f] jfnlasf; s]Gb|df eg] pQm lgod nfu' x'Fb}g . afnlasf; s]Gb|sL ;xhstf{ x]df cj:yL elG5g–afnaflnsfsf] ;+Vof    w]/} 5, d PSn} ;xhstf{ 5' . Ps ;o jfnjflnsfx?nfO{   s;/L d}n] x]g]{ < dfl;s yf]/} kfl/>ldsdf sfd ul//x]sL ;xhstf{ cj:yLn] afnlasf; s]Gb|df zf}rfno, vfg]kfgL h:tf cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;d]t gePsf] u'gf;f] ul/g .
;fgf] sf]7f 5, PSn} ;xhstf{ 5', ;j} afnaflnsfx? Pp6} sf]7fdf c6\b}gg\ To;}n] rf}/d} jfnaflnsfx? /fVg' kg]{ jfWotf 5, x]dfn] elgg-d PSn}n] oltsf afnaflnsf x]g{ ;Sb}g . o; ufla;df hDdf gf} j6f jfnlasf; s]Gb| ePklg ! / @ j8fdf eg] Pp6f dfq} ePsf sf/0f ;d:of cfPsf] x]dfsf] egfO{ 5 . pQm jfnlasf; s]Gb| ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t 5 . x]dfn] jN8{ lehg g]kfn / ;fd'bflos lasf; s]Gb|sf] ;xof]udf jfnjflnsfx? j:gnfO{ r6fO{ / sf/k]6 pknJw ePsf sf/0f cln ;lhnf] ePsf] jtfO{g .
o:t} u'gf;f] 5 bxsflnsf:yfg ufla;sf] bxdf ;~rflnt jfnlasf; s]Gb|sf] Pp6} sIffdf ^) hgf jfnaflnsfx? /x]sf] jtfpFl5g ;xhstf{ k;'klt sfk8L . ufla;e/Ldf b'O{j6f dfq} jfnlasf; s]Gb| /x]sf] jtfpFb} sfk8Ln] jfnjflnsfx?nfO{ j:g ;d]t ;d:of ePsf] jtfO{g . z}lIfs ;fdu|Lsf] klg cefj 5, sfk8Ln] afnlasf; s]Gb|df cfjZos k"jf{wf/ x'g' kg]{ jtfO{g . cfjZos z}lIfs ;fdu|L klg gePsfn] cWofkgdf ;d:of /x]sf] sfk8Lsf] egfO{ 5 .
k|To]s jif{ lhNnf lzIff sfof{non] jfnlasf; s]Gb|sf sf]6f jfF8\b} cfPsf] 5 t/ lt sf]6fx? cfjZostfsf] cfwf/df geO{ kx'Frsf cfwf/df lat/0f x'g] u/]sf] u'gf;f] :yfgLojf;Lx?sf] 5 . :yfgLojf;Lx? eG5g-kx'Fr ePsfx?n] cfk\mgf] dfG5] ;xhstf{ jgfpg cfk\mgf] 7fpFdf jfnlasf; s]Gb|sf] sf]6f xfNg nfpF5g .
k|To]s jif{ ;/sf/L / u}/ ;/sf/L If]qjf6 cjf}{+ nufgL eO{/x]sf] lzIff If]qsf] xfnt o:tf] 5 eg] s;/L u'0f:t/Lo lzIff xf]nf Û


5'jf5't d'Qm 3f]if0ff ug]{ ;lra ;Ddflgt
;lrasf] sfo{If]qdf /x]sf] ufla; / j8fnfO{ 5'jf5't d'Qm ug]{ ;lranfO{ ;Ddflgt ul/Psf] 5 .
$( cf}+ hftLo tyf /+ue]b la?4sf] lbj;sf] cj;/df cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf hftLo lae]b la?4sf] cfGbf]ngdf ;xof]u ub}{ 5'jf5't d'Qm 3f]if0ff ug]{ e'ld/fhdf08f}+ ;lra 8an axfb'/ ef6, skNn]sLsf uf]ljGbb]j e§ / lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf–$ sf ;lra ;l/kms'df/ >]i7nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] xf] .
lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/L 8f]6Ldf sfo{/t Ps bh{g u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?n] ;o'Qm ?kdf cof]hgf u/]sf] …hftLo e]befjtyf 5'jf5't s;'/ / ;hfo P]g @)^* sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog / blntsf] Gofodf kx'FrÚ laifos jx; sfo{qmddf hftLo 5'jf5't d'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff u/]sf tLg hgfnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] xf] . ;lrax? nfO{ k|d'v cltly tyf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lbks sfkm\n]n] bf];Nnf cf]8fO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf lyP .
8f]6Ldf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lbks sfkm\n]]n] sfg'gn] ug{ gx'g] elg pNn]v u/]sf s'/fx?sf] pn+3g ug]{ hf] sf]xL klg ;hfosf] efu]bf/ x'g] jtfP . …sfg'gsf] s8fO{sf ;fy kfngf x'g'k5{ eGg] d]/f] dfGotf klg xf] / d]/f] lhDd]jf/L klg xf] k|lhc sfkm\n]n] eg] …t/ sltko ;Gbe{df b'O} kIf ;xdt x'G5g / b'j} kIfnfO{ Gofo x'G5 eg] ldnfkq x'g' klg l7s} xf] h:tf] nfU5 .Ú hftLo 5'jf5'tsf] d'4fx?df To:tf] ePsf] x'g ;Sg] sfk\mn]n] jtfP . lhNnfdf ;'zf;g sfod ug]{ qmddf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] x}l;otn] cfkm'n] s'g} klg s;/ jfFsL g/fVg] sfkm\n]n]sf] egfO{ lyof] .
8f]6Lsf k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs hgsjxfb'/ zfxLn] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf cfPsf d'4fx?sf] k|x/Ln] k|fyldstfsf ;fy cg';Gwfg u/L cbfnt;Dd k'¥ofpg] u/]sf] jtfP . …@)^( ;fndf Ps / @)&) ;fndf tLg u/L o; cjwLdf rf/j6f d'4fx? hftLo 5'jf5'tsf cfPsf lyPÚ k|gfp zfxLn] eg] …lt d'4fx? clxn] 8f]6L lhNnf cbfntdf larf/flwg /x]sf 5g .Ú kl5Nnf aif{x?df hflto 5'jf5't ;DjlGw 36gfx? a9\b} uPsf 5g .
clwjQmf 6+s u'?Ën] hftLo 5'jf5'tsf d'4fx? btf{ tyf cg';Gwfgsf qmddf k|efjsf/Ltf gb]lvPsf] jtfP . :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L zLjs'df/ sfsL{n] hftLo 5'jf5'tsf] cGTosf nflu lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6L klg ;sf/fTds /x]sf] jtfP . :yfgLo lgsfox?nfO{ ;dfj]zL jgfpg' k5{, :yfljc sfsL{n] eg] …xfdLx? klg Tof] k|lqmofdf /x]sf 5f}+ . clwsf+; jQmfx?n] hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5't -s;'/ /;hfo_ P]g, @)^* sf] k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjog gePsf] jtfPsf 5g . jQmfx?n] /fhgLlts bjfjsf sf/0f hftLo 5'jf5'tsf d'4fx? sfg'gL k|lqmofdf ghfg] u/]sf] cf/f]k nufP . sfo{qmddf /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwx?, ;~rf/sdL{x? / laleGg ;+3;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?n] hftLo 5'jf5't cGTo x'g' kg]{ larf/ JoQm u/]sf lyP . 

dxfsfnLdf k'n tLg ;o s/f]8 vr{ nfUg]
g]kfnsf] klZrdL gfsfaf6 ef/t;+u l;dfgf hf]l8Psf] dxfsfnL gbLdf k'n lgdf0f{ x'g] ePsf] 5 .
lgdf{0fsf nfuL ltg ;o s/f]8 ef/tLo ?k}ofF vr{ nfUg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfn ef/tsf] Jofkf/ lj:tf/sf nflu dxfsfnL gbLdf kSsL k'n agfpg nfuLosf] xf] . ef/tn] k'n agfpg] k|lta4tf u/]sf] Ps jif{kl5 nfut cg'dfg ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] xf] . ut jif{ ef/lto /fhb't hoGtk|zfb l;+xn] cfkm\g} sfo{sfndf k'n lznfGof; u/L u/L lgdf{0f ;'? ug]{ k|lta4tf hgfPsf lyP . k|lta4tf cg';f/ lgdf{0f ;'? x'g g;s]sf] k'n lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ clxn]sf /fhb"t /l~hrt /]n] k'gM lg/Gt/tf lbPsf x'g\ .
;'b"/klZrd e|d0f tyf laeLGg sfo{qmdsf ;fy klZrddf k'u]sf /fhb't /]n] dxfsfnLdf k'n agfpg] k|lta4tfnfO{ cufl8 a9fPsf] To;sf nflu tLg ;o s/f]8 ef/tLo ?k}Fof vr{ nfUg] atfP . dxfsfnL gbLdf :ynut lg/LIf0fkl5 pBdL Joj;foLx? nfO{ /fhb"t /]n] eg],…o;nfO{ bL3{sfnLg of]hgfdf /fv]/ x]/]sf 5f} .Ú dxfsfnLsf] zf/bf Aof/]hb]lv bf]wf/f rfFbgL;Ddsf] If]qdf k'n agfpg] ;Defjgf b]lvP klg :yfg olsg ul/Psf] 5}g .
;g\ !(@* df ag]sf] zf/bf Aof/]hdf b}lgs rf/ 306f dfq} v'Ng] u5{ eg] 6gsk'/ afFwdf ;jf/L cfjfug ;~rfng x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . zf/bf Jof/]hdf k'n v]Ng] ;dofjlw a9fpg] / 6gsk'/ afFwdf ;jf/L cfjfug ;~rfng ug]{ k|lta4tf ;d]t /fhb"tn] u/]sf 5g\ . s]xL dlxgf cl3 b'O{ b]zLo ;lrj:t/Lo a}7saf6 zf/bf Aof/]h ;ft 306f v'nf /fVg] lg0f{o sfof{Gjogdf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . afFl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnon] bf]wf/f rfFbgLdf ;'Vvf aGbufx agfpg] tof/L yfn]sfn] emf]n'Ë] k'nl;t hf]l8Psf] If]qdf k'n lgdf{0f x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . …k'n agfpg] :yfg tf]lsPl5 hUufsf] efp XjfQ} a9\5\, To;}n] :yfg tf]Sg l9nfO{ ul/Psf] xf]Ú /fhb"t /]l;t b'O{ lg/LIf0fdf ;xefuL s~rgk'/ pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf Ps kbflwsf/Ln] eg],…;a} tof/L ePkl5 :yfg tf]Sg] b]lvG5 .Ú
Joj;foLn] dxfFsfnLdf k'n gx'Fbf ;LdfjtL{ If]qsf pTkfbg ;d]t rsf]{ 9'jfgL ef8fdf lj/u~h gfsfaf6 cfoft ug{' kg]{ afWotf em]Nb} cfPsf 5g\ . …Aof/]hdf 7"nf ;jf/Lsf ;fwg rnfpg ;lsb}g, ;fgfaf6 cfoft u/L Jofkf/ x'Fb}gÚ s~rgk'/ pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf sfo{sf/L clws[t k|]dl;x ef6n] eg],…;:tf] 9'jfgLdf cfoft ug{ ;lsg] pTkfbg ;d]t lj/u~h af6 Nofpg kg]{ afWotf 5Ú
;'b"/klZrd tyf dWoklZrd ljsf; If]qsf cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu k'n dxTjk"0f{ x'g] :yfgLon] cg'dfg u/]sf 5g . pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf dxf;lrj x]d/fh hf]zLn] /fhb"tsf] k|lta4tfn] k'n agfpg] cfzf a9]sf] atfP pgn] eg] …ljutsf] k|lta4tf nfO{ ah]6 ;lxt bf]xf]¥ofpFbf cfZj:t ePsf 5f} .Ú k'nn] b'O{ b]zLo Jofkf/ 3f6f 36fpg] / ;'b"/klZrd If]qdf s[lif tyf jghGo pBf]u :yfkgf u/L cfly{s ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] pgn] hgfP .

*^ k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ kfgL k'/\ofpg' kg]{df hf]8
k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lbks sfkm\n]n] *^ k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ ;g @)!% ;Dddf :jR5 vfg]kfgL k'/\ofpg] ;x;|fJbL ljsf; nIo /x]sfn] ;f] nIo k'/f ug{ ;j} ;/f]sfnjfnf nfUg' kg]{df atfPsf 5g\ .
lhagsf nfuL kfgL eGg] d'n gf/f lbO{Psf] ljZj kfgL lbjz dgfpg] qmddf sfo{qmdsf k|d'vcltly ;d]t /x]sf ;Djf]wg ub}{ sfkm\n] ;a}sf] Wofg uP dfq nIo k'/f x'g ;Sg] atfPsf x'g\ . 
sfo{qmddf af]Nb} :yflgo ljsf; clwsf/L lzjs'df/ sfsL{n] ;du| 8f]6L lhNnfsf] xfnsf] ;/;kmfO{sf] cj:yfsf jf/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP eg] sfo{qmdsf ;efWoIf tyf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ pkef]Qmf dxf;+3 8f]6Lsf cWoIf o1/fh hf]zLn] 8f]6L lhNnfnfO{ ;g @)!% ;Dddf v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm 3f]if0ff ug]{ cleofgdf ;j} 86]/ nfUg' kg]{df hf]8 lbPsf lyP . ;f]xL sfo{qmddf ljBfno ;/;kmfO{sf nflu gful/s cfjfh sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf uflj;sf $) ljBfno dWo]jf6 ;/;kmfO{sf If]qdf pTs[i6 ltgj6f ljBfnonfO{ k'/:sf/ tyf k|z+;fkq ;d]t k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug]{ ljBfno k|yd e"jg]Zj/L dfjL /fgfufp+, l4lto l;tf/fd pRr dflj lhhf}8fdf08f} / t[lto g]q]Zj/L dflj jun]s /x]sf 5g\ . k'/:sf/sf] /fzL qmdzM &% xhf/, %) xhf/ / #) xhf/ /x]sf] lyof] .
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ pkef]Qmf dxf;+3 8f]6Lsf] cfof]hgf tyf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt 8f]6L, g]kfn :jf:Yosf nflu kfgL -g]jf_ nufot Ps bh{g ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;+of]hgfdf ;+rflnt pQm sfo{qmddf If]lqo vfg]kfgL lbkfonsf O{lGhlgo/ k|sfz /fjn, lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L u0f]zjxfb'/ l;+x nufotsf jQmfx?n] dGtJo /fv]sf lyP .
:yflgo jhf/ O{Gb|rf]sjf6 lg:s]sf] /\ofnLn] jhf/ kl/qmdf ul/ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf] ;efxndf ;efdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] .  kqsf/ lb3{  vqLn] ;+rfng u/]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf  ljleGg ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfosf k|ltlgwL, j'l4lhjL, kqsf/ nufotsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] .

s'jf dd{t u/] ljBfyL{n]
8f]6Lsf] e'ld/fhdf08f} ufla; j8f g=* df /x]sf]  b]j:yn dfWofdLs laBfnodf laut nfdf]  ;do b]vLg} vfg]kfgLsf] ;d:of ePkgL  vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL s;}n] rf;f] glbbf pQm laBfnosf laBfyL{n] s'jfsf] dd{t u/]sf 5g .
laBfnodf cgf}krf/Ls ;]jf s]Gb| OG;]s 4f/f ul7t afnclwsf/ r]tgf ;d'xn] s'jfsf] d{dt u/]sf] laBfnosf ;+/Ifs lzIfs o1 /fh e§n] hfgsf/L lbP .  laBfnosf]  cfGt/Ls 5nkmn kl5 OG;]s 4f/f u7Lt r]tgf ;d'xn] ug]{ laBfnosf] lg0f{o cg';f/ s'jfsf] dd{t ePsf] laBfnosf k|WofgfWofks /3'gfy kf7sn] atfP .
 laBfnodf lzIfs / laBfly{n] 3/af6} kfgL af]s]/ Nofpg' kg{] ;d:of /x]sf] pQm laBfonodf s'jfsf] dd{t kl5 /fxft ldn]sf] laBfyL{n] atfP . s'jf dd{tsf nfuL ufla; / :yfgLo afl;Gbf nfO{ cfu|x ubf{ klg a]jf:tf ubf{ laBfyL{n]g} s'jf dd{t u/]sf] OG;]s afnclwsf/ r]tgf ;d'xsf cWoIo uf]laGb k|zfb e§n] atfP .

5f]6/sL ;dfrf/
b'a} dfcf]afbL tof/Ldf
Pg]skf dfcf]afbL / g]skf–dfcf]afbLn] lhNnf ;Dd]ngsf] tof/LnfO{ lta|tf lbPsf 5g .
Pdfcf]afbLn] a}zfs klxnf] ';ftf ;Dd]ng ug]{ tof/L u/]sf] 8f]6L lhNnf ;+of]hs lqnf]rg e§n] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g eg] g]skf–dfcf]afbL 8f]6Ln] klxnf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng olx r}q !( / @) ut] l;nu9Ldf ug]{ 8f]6Lsf O{~rfh{ laa]s s'dfnn]    hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g .
g]skf–dfcf]afbLsf s]Gb|Lo ;lra g]q laqmd rGb laKnkn] lhNnf ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g ug]]{ sfo{qmd to ePsf] ;x–;]qm]6/L u0f]z /}sfnn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g . Pdfcf]afbL af6 laefhg ePsf] g]skf–dfcf]afbL / Pdfcf]afbLsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng Ps xKtfsf] cGt/df lhNnfdf ;'? x'g nfu]sf x'g .

tof/Ldf lv;]{g
uflj;nfO{ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm 3f]if0f ug]{ ltj| tof/Ldf lv;]{g uflj; nfu]sf] 5 .
uflj;n] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ Ps 3/ Ps zf}rfno gf/f lnO{ zf}rfno agfpg 3/ b}nf] sfo{qmd ul/g] ePsf] 5 . ufla;sf] j8f g=% df /x]sf *& 3/w'/L dWodf !% cf]6f 3/df zf}rfno aGg afFsL /x]sf 5g .
pQm uflj;df ;dfg kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| g]kfnn] laut @ aif{ b]vL :jf:Yosf If]qdf sfd u/L /x]sf 5 . emf8fkvnf lgoGq0f ug{sf nfuL eP klg  v'Nnf lb;fF d'Qm ug{ h?/L /x]sf] dlxnf :jfenDaLsL cWoIf kf?b]aL >Ldfnn] atfOGf . pQm ;d'x l;8 g]kfn s} ;lqmotfdf u7g ePsf] xf] .

v]n tyf ko{6g ;dfrf/

d]rLsfnL snz e|d0f ofqf 8f]6Ldf k'Uof] 
         
;'g;/Lsf] j/fxIf]q rtf/fwfddf !@÷!@ jif{df nfUg] s'De d]nfsf nfuL k'j{ ;Gwfdf k'j{d]rLdxfsfnL snz ofqf 6f]nLn] 8f]6Lsf] z}n]Zj/L dlGb/sf k'uL k'hf cf/fwgf cfh u/]sf] 5 .
@)&) r}q !& ut] b]vL @)&! a};fv !( ut] ;Dd rtf/fwfddf nfUg] d]nfsf] tof/Lsf nfuL g]kfndf /x]sf k|lz4 zlQm lk7x?sf] hn ;+sng tyf g]kfn ed|0f u/fpg] pb]Zosf ;fy lg:sLPsf] bf];|f] k'0f{ lk08]Zj/ s'De d]nf 38f ofqf 8f]6L k'Ubf ;'b'/klZrdsf] dxTj jf]s]sf] z}n]Zj/L dlGb/ If]q ljsf; ;ldltn] ofqfdf /x]sf ;fw' ;Gt dxGt j|fxd0f / a6'sx?nfO{ xfh lznu9Ldf :jfut ub}{ gu/ kl/qmddf u/fO{Psf] z}n]Zj/L If]q ljsf; ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf cWoIf gj/fh hf]zLn] atfPsf 5g\ .
;d'b| dygsf] qmddf pTkGg cd[tsf] 38fdf nfu]sf] -t/_ 5fnLaf6 lk08]Zj/ d]nf b]jtfx?4f/f g} z'?jft ul/Psf] dfGotf /x]sf] 5 . lk08]Zj/sf] bz{g ugf{n] k'0onfe x'g] wfld{s dfGoftf /x]sf] 5 . dfga rf]nfdf hGd lnP kl5 Ps rf]6L bz{g ug'{ kg]{ wfld{s dfGotf /x]sf] kz'kltgfy nfO{ lng] ul/G5 . ef/tdf /x]sf] s]bf/gfysf] lz/sf] ?kdf 8f]n]Zj/ dxfb]anfO{ lnO{G5 .
8f]n]Zj/sf] bz{g ugf{n] ;'vzfGtL k|fKt x'g] dfGotf /x]sf] 5 . o:t} 4fk/ o'udf /fj0fn] 3f]/ tkZof ul/ dxfb]jaf6 cd/Tjsf] j/bfg k|fKt u/]sf] If]qsf] ?kdf c5fdsf] a}hgfywfdnfO{ lnO{G5 . dxfb]jsf] lj/f7 :j?ksf] ?kdf xn];L dxfb]j, sfnn] klg j/bfg k|fKt u/]sf] dfGotf /x]sf] sfn]Zj/ dxfb]anfO{ lnO{G5 .
g]kfnsf ^ k|lz4 zlQmlk7x? sf7df08f}sf] kz'kltgfy, w/fgsf] lk08]Zj/ dxfb]a, eQmk'/sf] 8f]n]Zj/gfy, c5fdsf] a}wgfy wfd, vf]6fËsf] xn];L dxfb]j / nlntk'/sf] sfn]Zj/ dxfb]jsf] 5'6\6f5'6\6} # lkm6 cUnf 38fx? g]kfnsf] k'j{ d]rL b]vL dxfsfln ;Ddsf] ofqfdf /x]sf 5g\ . k'0f{ snz ofqf cfh} c5fdsf] a}hgfy wfdsf nfuL 8f]6Laf6 k|:yfg u/]sf] 5 .  

uh'/]nsf] k'tnf bxg
g]kfnL lqms]6 l6dn] 6\jfG6L 6\jfG6L ljZjskdf u/]sf] ;fgbf/ k|bz{gkl5 ;+;f/e/sf g]kfnLx?n] v';L dgfO/x]sf a]nf g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf pkWofIf l;kL uh'/]nn] o;nfO{ ljs[lt eg]kl5 k|ltlqmof :j?k pgsf] b]zsf ljleGg efudf Jofks lj/f]w ePsf] 5 .
;'b'/klZrdsf] 88]Nw'/fdf t k'Tnf bxg ;d]t ePsf] 5 . lqms]6 qm]hnfO{ a'‰g g;Sbf pgn] Jofskm'6df cfpg'k/]sf] 5 eg] akm"n] Tof] cleJolQm glbPsf] atfO/x]sf 5g . t/ pgn] o:tf] cleJolQm lbPsf] cl8of] tyf lel8of] 5ØfK5ØfKtL ePsf] 5 .
lqms]6 7"nf x:tLx?n];d]t g]kfnL lqms]6 l6dsf] k|z+;f ul//x]sfa]nf uh'/]nsf] o:tf] cleJolQm lbPkl5 lqms]6sf k|z+;sx? cfqmf]lzt ePsf x'g . g]kfnL sfFu|];, g]skf Pdfn], PsLs[t dfcf]jfbL nufotsf bnx?n] eg] ljz]if jQmAo g} hf/L ub{} g]kfnL /fi6«o lqms]6 l6dnfO{ awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP . o;}lar uh'/]nn] g]kfnL lqms]6 l6dsf af/]df cgjfZos l6Kk0fL u/]/ ljjfbdf k/]s} a]nf cs{f] dfcf]jfbLn] eg] lqms]6nfO{ /fhgLlts rnv]nsf] uf]6L klg agfPsf] 5 . PsLs[t dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn k|r08n] g]kfnL /fli6«o l6dsf k|lzIfs k'a'b' b;fgfo]nfO{ g]kfn g5f8\g cfu|x u/]sf 5G. cfOtaf/ cfˆg} lgjf; nflhDkf6 af]nfP/ k|r08n] pgnfO{ g]kfnL l6d g5f8\g eg]sf x'G. g]kfnL lqms]6nfO{ glthfd'vL agfpg dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg u/]sf >Ln+sfnL d"nsf Sofg8fnL k|lzIfs bf;f gfos];Fu g]kfn lqms]6 ;+3 Sofgn] u/]sf] ;Demf}tf ;lsg Ps ;ftf dfq afFsL 5 .
bf;fgfos d+unaf/ Sofg8f hfFb}5g . >f]tsf cg';f/ b;fgfos]sf] ;Demf}tf gjLs/0f ug{] jf gug{] eGg]df Sofgdf ljjfb 5 . :d/0fLo 5 Sofgdf Pdfcf]jfbLsf g]tf cWoIf /x]sf 5G. Psflt/ cfˆg} kf6{Lsf cWoIf /x]sf 6+s cfªa'xfªn] bf;fgfosn] gljs/0f u/]sf 5}gg eg] cs{flt/ k|r08n] bf;fgofs]nfO{ 8fs]/ /fhgLlt u/]sf] rr{f v]ns'b j[tdf rn]sf] 5 .


rnlrq ;dfrf/
>L % cDa/] rnlrq lgd{f0fsf] 3f]if0ff
;dfhdf 7'nf]–7fnf] klN6g] eGg] s'/fnfO{ l;wf cy{df /fhf ag]sf] tyf /fgL ag]sL eGg] ul/G5 . of] laifodf g} s]G›Lt /x]/ ca eg] g]kfnL rnlrq lgd{f0f x'g] ePsf] 5 . z'qmjf/ /fhwfgLdf pNn]lvt ljifodf cfwfl/t eP/ lgd{f0f x'g] rnlrq >L % cDa/] cf] cf}krfl/s ?kdf lgd{f0f 3f]if0ff ul/of] .
cGt/fn' lgb{]zs lbkf a:g]tn] lgb{]zg ug{ nfu]sf] of] rnlrqn] g]kfndf /fhf x6]sf] nfdf] ;do lalt;Sbf klg JolQm / ;dfhdf /fhf aGg] k|j[lt sfod} /x]sf] k|sf/sf] syf af]Ng]5 . sfo{qmddf lgb{]zs bLkfn] >L % /x]sf] eP klg /fhtGq;Fu rnlrqsf] s'g} klg ;fO{gf] ghf]l8g] atfO{Gf . of] rnlrqnfO{ cd[t cu|jfnn] nufgL ub{} 5Gg .
rnlrq >L % cDa/]df ;f}uft dNn, s]sL clwsf/L, lk|o+sf sfs{L{, clzidf gsd{L, cr{gf b]nfn nufotsf snfsf/x?sf] clego /xg] 5 . ;fdflhs syfdf tof/ x'g nfu]sf] of] rnlrqsf] d'Vo pb]Zo bz{snfO{ dgf]/~hg lbg] dfq} /x]sf] lgd{f0f o'lg6n] atfPsf] 5 .
dx]G›gu/sf] ;'l6ª ;]6df k'u]/ lgb{]zs ePsL cleg]qL /]vf yfkfn] @% lbgdf lkmNd lxDdtjfnLsf] 5fofFsg ;sfPsL l5g\ . sf7df08f}df b'O{ lbg 5fofFsg ug{] u/L lxDdtjfnL o'lg6 r}t !) ut] /fhwfgL kms{l;s]sf] 5 .
5fofFsg ;lsPsf] clGtd lbg r}t ( ut] lxDdtjfnL o'lg6n] v;L sf6]/ v';L  dgfP . lxDdtjfnL o'lg6sf] v';LofnLdf Pdfcf]jfbL g]tf tyf k"j{ cfk'lt{ tyf jfl0fHo dGqL n]v/fh e§ klg ;l/s x'g k'u]sf lyP . lxDdtjfnLsf] Joj:yfkgdf ;d]t ;xof]u u/]sf dGqL e§ emG8} rf/ 306fh;f] o'lg6;Fu a;]sf] va/ lyof] .
:yflgoaf6 cla/ dfnf klxl/P/ s~rgk'/b]lv sf7df08f} kms{b} u/]sL /]vfn] lxDdtjfnLsf] 5fofFsg aafn' ePsf] k|ltlqmof lbOg . lgb{]zs, lgd{fqL tyf cleg]qL yfkfn] elgg, lkmNdsf] 5fofFsg ;f]r] eGbf lgs} /fd|f] eof] . sf7df08f}df s]xL l;g lvRg afFsL . sf7df08f}sf] ;'l6ª ;lsPkl5 /]vfn] k|]; ld6 ug{] atfpFb} lgb{]zs Zofd e§/fO{;Fusf] ljjfbsf af/]df klg af]Ng] atfOg . gf/L k|wfg PS;g z}nLsf lxDdtjfnLdf rG› kGtsf] kmfO6 Pjd /fdz/0f pk|]tLsf] 5fofFsg 5 . a;Gt ;fksf]6f / 6+s a'9fyf]sLsf] ;+o'Qm ;+uLt /x]sf] lkmNddf a;Gt >]i7 / sdn /fO{n] g[To lgb{]zg u/]sf 5g . cfpFbf] jif{sf] bz}+df lxDdtjfnLnfO{ l/lnh ug{] /]vfn] atfOg .

n]v
cK7]/f]df km'n]sf] g]kfnL lqms]6
elgG5, v]ns'b To:tf] If]q xf], hxfF wgL–ul/a, sdhf]/–alnof aLr lje]b x'Fb}g . ;a} zfgn] Pp6} d}bfgdf pleG5G. t/, lqms]6sf] xsdf ;tk|lt;t of] egfO nfu' x'Fb}g .
cGo v]n lgsfoem}+ cGt/fli6«o lqms]6 kl/ifb\ (cfO;L;L) klg /+ue]bL gLltsf] s§| ;dy{s xf] . s'g} v]nf8Ln] csf{] v]nf8Lsf] /+usf af/]sf af]n]sf] v08df dfq} cfO;L;Lsf] sf/jfxL ;fdgf ug{' k5{ . /+usf af/]df pbf/ b]lvP klg cfO;L;L sdhf]/ / alnofsf dfldnfdf pbf/ 5}g . cfO;L;L rnfpg nufgL ug{]sf] Ozf/fdf o;n] sfd u5{, jiffF} b]lv nfUb} cfPsf] cf/f]k xf] of] . oyfy{, oxL xf] . ef/tLo lqms]6 lgoGq0f af]8{ ( la;L;LcfO cfO;L;Lsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] nufgLstf{ xf]. ef/tLo ahf/n] cfO;L;Lsf] x/]s lg0f{osf] lgoGq0f u5{ . cfO;L;Ln] lqms]6 k|;f/0f clwsf/af6 cjf}F 8n/ sdfpg] u5{, To;sf] k|d'v ahf/ ef/t g} xf]. clg c? s]xL d'n's 
ef/t clg To;kl5 s]xL c+zdf c:6]lnof, clIf0f clk|msf / O+UNofG8 s} Ozf/fdf cfO;L;Lsf] lg0f{o k|efjsf/L aGg] u5{ .
7"nf d'n'ssf] x]kfxf k|j[lt gb]lvPsf] eP cfh l6@) ljZj skdf ;fgbf/ k|bz{g u/]klg g]kfn olt rfF8} 3/ kmsg{' kg{] lyPg . l6d g]kfn a+unfb]z p8\bf g} ;a}nfO{ yfxf lyof], ljZj sksf] xfd|f] ofqf sxfF 6'+luG5 eGg] .
6]:6 v]Ng] elgPsf 7"nf d'n'sx?nfO{ P;f]l;o6 d'n's;Fu v]n]/ ;do aa{fb ug{ dg nfu]g jf pgLx?n] rfxgf b]vfPgg\, cfO;L;Ln] xfdL h:tf 6f]nLnfO{ bf];|f] bh{fdf /flvxfNof] . cfO;L;Ln] /+ue]beGbf klg lrQ b'Vbf] lgod agfof], clg g]kfn h:tf 6f]nLnfO{ ljZj skdf :yfg lbP h:tf] b]vfof]. cs{f]tkm{ 6]lnlehg k|;f/sn] lj1fkg a6'Ng g;Sg] v]nx? sd u/fpg afWo agfPkl5 klg cfO;L;Ln] ljZj sk h:tf] ljlzi7 k|ltof]lutfdf lje]bk"0f{ v]n tflnsf agfof] . xfd|f d'n's h:tf 6f]nLnfO{ nf]Kkf Vjfof] . jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] g]kfn h:tf d'n'ssf nflu of] ljZj sk c;nL ljZj sk xf]Og . ;w}+ l6eLdf b]lvO /x]sf 6]:6 d'n'ssf v]nf8Lx? lj?4 Aofl6+u / aln+u ug{ dfq kfPsf eP xfd|f nflu Tof] jf:tjdf g} ;kgfsf] ljZj sk x'GYof] . xfdLnfO{ cfO;L;Ln] clt g/fd|f];Fu em'Ssfof], h;/L Pp6f ;fgf] afnsnfO{ em'SsfP/ df;' eg]/ cfn' VjfOG5 .
cfO;L;Ln] lje]bsf/L gLlt gagfPsf] eP dgdf vfnLkgf af]s]/ l6d g]kfn :jb]z kms{g' kb{}GYof] . xfd|f v]nf8Lx? cem} s]xL lbg a+ufnL /0fe'lddf 8l6/x]sf x'GYo], yk ;'gf}nf] Oltxf; sf]l//x]sf x'GYo]. t/, hlt cj;/ kfOof], l6d g]kfnn] To;sf] e/k'/ kmfObf p7fof]  x'g t, of] ljZj skdf g]kfnn] cfkm";Fu v]ln/xg] d'n'sx?nfO{ g} x/fof] . t/, g]kfnn] h'g d}bfgdf lht bt{f u/fof], ToxfFaf6 k|efj x'g] ;Gb]zsf] dxTj a]Un} x'G5 . nfdf] ;dob]lv g]kfnnfO{ lhtaf6 a+lGrt u/fO/x]sf] ckmuflg:tfgnfO{ x/fpg' ljZj sk ofqfsf] ;a}eGbf ld7f] lht aGof] . g]kfnL 6f]nLn] cfˆgf s]xL sdhf]/Ldfly lht kfpg;Sg] xf] eg] of]eGbf 7"nf ;kmntf 6f9f 5}g, h:tf] nfUg yfn]sf] 5. g]kfnsf] l6@) ljZj sksf] ;kmn ofqfdf v]nf8Lsf] cys d]xgt t 5b}5, ;fy} k|lzIfs k'a'b' b;fgfos]sf] of]ubfg klg la;{g ldNb}g .
ljZj skdf ;xeflutf hgfpg' dfq xf]Og cfˆgf] pkl:yltnfO{ ;Demgnfos ;d]t agfPsf] g]kfnL lqms]6nfO{ ca ljBdfg ;+/rgfdf g} cufl8 a9fpg] e'n ug{' x'Fb}g . dl/ ;s]sf] Sna lqms]6nfO{ ca km]/L AoF'tfpg' t k5{ g} k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgfdf klg Jofks ;'wf/sf] vfFrf] 5 . clg l6@) sf] lk|ldo/ lnu t x'g} k5{, Tof] klg :tl/o ?kdf
;/sf/n] ef}lts k"j{fwf/ tyf     /+uzfnf lgdf{0fdf rf;f] b]vfO ;s]sf]  5 . kmnfd tflt ;s]sf] 5, 3gn] lxs{fpg dfq afFsL 5 . ;DalGwt lgsfon] of] df}sfnfO{ cj;/ / r'gf}tLsf ?kdf lng;Sof] eg] dfq ;dod} /+uzfnf aGg]5, clg lqms]6 ljsf;n] ult klg lng]5 . df]km;ndf klg lqms]6 k"j{fwf/ lgd{f0f x'g' k5{ . gfd dfqdf df]km;ndf gq k"0f{?kdf sf7df8f}+s} ;]/f]km]/f]df 3'ld/x]sf] lqms]6 ljs]G›Lt x'g} k5{ . gq ;fF3'/f] 3]/fdf alGb ag]sf] v08df ca vf]lhg] glthf of] ;+/rgfsf] lqms]6n] lbg ;Sb}g .
:tl/o ljb]zL Sna tyf /fli6«o 6f]nLx?;Fu lgoldt v]Ng kfPsf] v08df klg v]nf8Lsf] :t/df Jofks ;'wf/ cfpF5 g}, dgf]an klg a9\5 g} . of] ljZj skdf xfd|f Aof6\;Dofgx? nfdf] ;6 v]Ng s]xL c;dy{ b]lvP. To;sf] Psdfq sf/0f :tl/o 6f]nLx?;Fu cEof;df sdL g} xf] . g]kfnL Aof6\Dofgx? v'Ng ;s] eg] nfdf] ;6 klg v]Ng ;S5g\ eGg] t b]lvPs} 5 . of] ljZj sk l6d g]kfnsf nflu cg'ej ;+ufNg] ynf] aGof], ca Sofgn] cg'ejlxg l6d g]kfnnfO{ cg'ejL 6f]nL agfpg tkm{ Wofg lbg' k5{ . 7§}–7§fdf olt w]/} ;kmntf sdfO;s]sf] g]kfnL lqms]6 6f]nLk|lt ca /fHo g} uDeL/ aGg;Sg' k5{, glthf lbnfpFbf dfq xf]Og . ;fy}, ckmuflg:tfgdflysf] /jflkmnf] lht;Fu} g]kfnn] :jflbnf] ?kdf ljZj sksf] ofqf 6'+ufof]. o;n] x/]s g]kfnLnfO{ uf}/jflGjt t agfof] g}, of] ljZj skdf l6d g]kfnsf] k|bz{gn] cGo w]/} pknlAw klg lbnfPsf] 5 .
s] t/fO{, s] kxf8 clg s] lxdfn . x/]s an;Fu} ;a}sf] w8\sgsf] rfn Pp6} /Xof], ;a}sf] tfnLsf] no Ps} /Xof], ;a}sf] xft Ps} k6s 5fltdf k'Uof], ;a}sf] Zjf; Ps} k6s /f]lsof]. g hfltotf, gt} ;+3Lotf clg st s'g} e]befj ;a}sf] rfxgf Pp6} lyof], g]kfnsf] lht. lqms]6 a'‰g] t /dfP g}, ga'‰g] klg g]kfnsf] lhtdf xif{ljef]/ ag] . o;/L /fHo clg x/]s hgtfnfO{ Pscfk;ddf afWg;Sg] v]n If]qnfO{ j]jf:tf ug{ /fHonfO{ sbflk ;'xfpFb}g .
km]/L Ps k6s ;nfd ug{} k5{, lt v]nf8LnfO{ h;n] ;f/f g]kfnLnfO{ v'zL x'g] axfgf lbP . xfdLnfO{ g]kfnL x'g kfPsf]df uf}/jflGjt agfP . ;nfd ! sKtfg kf/; v8\sfsf] 6f]nLnfO{ xfbL{s cfef/ AoQm ug{ rfxfG5' g]kfnL l6d k|lt  .

g]kfndf gofF /fhg}lts zQmLsf]  pbo x'G5
g]kfnL /fhg}lts a[tdf gofF zQmL pbosf] s'/f clxn] rrf{sf] lzv/df 5 . k"a{ k|wfgdGqL tyf Plss[t g]skf dfcf]afbLsf g]tf 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{n] bnx? g;lRrP g]kfndf gofF /fhg}lts zQmLsf] pbo x'g] cyf{t ug]{ atfP nuQ} gofF ax; ;'? ePsf] 5 .
gofF zQmLsf] pbosf laifodf laZn]ifs tyf /fhg}lts g]tfx? laeflht ePsf 5g . gofF zQmL g]kfndf cfaZos 5, cfpg ;S5 To;sf nfuL ;Dk'0f{ cfwf/x? tof/ ePsf] ts{ Psy/Lsf] 5 eg] csf]{ tkm{ afa'/fdn] eg] h:tf] gofF zQmLsf] pbo x'g] cfwf/x? clxn]g} tof/ gePsf] / gofF zQmL xfjL x'g ;Sg] ca:yfdf g/x]sf] atfO{/x]sf 5g . afa'/fdn] gofF zQmLsf] af/]df larf/ ;fa{hlgs u/] nuQ} al/i7 kqsf/ /laGb| ld>n] klg gofF zQmL gNofO{ gx'g] eg]sf lyP . 
;+lawfg;ef b]lv lrof k;n;Dd gofF zQmLsf] ax;n] clxn] :yfg kfPsf] b]lvG5 . la4fg / lehg ePsf] g]tfsf] 5lj agfPsf g]tf e§/fO{n] eg]sf] gofF zQmLsf] af/]df ax; ;'? ePsf] nfdf] ;do ePsf] ePklg pgn] To;kl5 vf;} larf/ ;fa{hlgs u/]sf 5}g .
g]kfndf gofF zQmL pbosf] ;Defagf k|z:t 5 To;sf] cfwf/x? klg 5g . hxfgLof /f0ff zf;g eGbf s]xL pbf/ b]lvPsf] To; avtsf] kl/a{tgsf/L /fhf ;lxtsf] zQmLnfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] e/k'/ ;d{yg u/]kl5 /fhfsf ultlalw lgs[i7 b]lvPkl5, gofF zQmLsf] ?kdf /x]sf] sf+u|];nfO{ ;d{yg u/] kmn:j?k sf+u|];n] ax'dt ;d]t Nofof] sf+u|]; klg r/d ca;/afbL ef;df km;]kl5 gofF sDo'i6 zQmL g]skf Pdfn]nfO{ 7'nf] bn agfP )%! kl5 la:tf/} sf+u|]; / Pdfn]df vf; leGgtf gb]v]kl5 hglab|f]xaf6 cfPsf] gofF kl/a{tgsf/L zQmL tTsfnLg g]skf dfcf]afbL ;a} eGbf 7'nf] kf6L{sf] ?kdf g]kfnL hgtfn] ;d{yg u/] .
7'nf] ck]Iff / kl/a{tgsf/L zQmLsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ dfcf]afbL ;+;bLo ef;df km:of] ;Qfsf] hf]8 36fp tkm{ nfUof], ;a{xf/fsf g]tf /ftf/ft dxn / cfnL;fgdf k'u] bz aif]{ hgo'4sf P]h]08fnfO{ :yflkt ug{ ;s]g ;+lawfg lgdf{0f ug{ ;s]g kmn:j?k csf]{ ;+lawfg;efdf sf+u|]; / Pdfn] 7'nf] bnsf ?kdf c3f8L cfP . …sf+u|]; / Pdfn] s'g} kl/a{tgsf/L zQmL eP/ dfcf]afbL eGbf k|ultzLn 5g pgLx?n] ug'{ g;s]sf sfd ug{ ;S5g eGb} 7'nf] bn agfPsf xf]O{g dfcf]afbL k|ltsf] lat[i0ffn] ef]6 lbPsf x'gÚ g]kfnsf] /fhg}lts O{ltxfF; x]bf{ Ps k6s hgtfn] ?rfPsf] zQmL csf]{ k6s s]xLn] klg ?rfPgg\ csf]{ zQmLsf] pbo x'Fb} cfPsf]] b]lvG5 .
@ aif{df ;+lawfg agfpg] Dof08]6 hgtfaf6 nUg] $ aif{ ;Dd ;Qf / eQf krfpg] km]/L klg c;kmn x'g], sfg'g eGbf dfyL /fhg}lts bn /fVg], cfaZostfsf] l;4fGtsf] unt k|of]u ub}{ bh{gf}F k6s ;+lawfg ;+;f]wg ug]{, e|i6frf/ / u'08fsf] ;+/If0f ug]{, ;Qfs} nfuL n'5fr'8L ug]{ bnx?nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] cfTd} b]lv ?rfPsf 5}g . hgtf hlxn] klg gofF / kl/a{tg rfxG5 To;}n] g]kfndf gofF zQmL pbosf] ;Defagf k|z:t 5 .
*% k|ltzt sfd ;DkGg u/]sf] klxnf] ;+lawfg;efdf klxrfg ;lxtsf] ;+3Lotf, /fHosf] zf;sLo :j?k nufotsf d'2fdf laafb x'Fbf e+u x'g k'Uof] . klxnf] ;+lawfg;efdf klxrfg ;lxtsf] ;+3Lotfsf] kIfw/sf] alnof] pkl:ylt lyof] clxn] sdhf]/ 5 . pkl:ylt sdhf]/ / anLof] h] ePklg 7'nf] hgdf;sf] ;d{yg 5 .
klxnf] ;+lawf;ef c;kmn ug]{ d'2fdf csf]{ ;+lawfg;efdf klg ;lhn} ;xdlt x'g} ;Defagf Go"g 5 . laaflbt laifodf dtbfg ubf{ Ps zQmLsf] lrQ a'em\b5 eg] csf]{ zQmL ?i6 x'G5 To;}n] ;a}sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;+lawfg gaGg] lglZrt 5 eg] csf]{ tkm{ ;+lawf;efsf] lgjf{rgg} alxisf/ u/]sf] g]skf dfcf]afbL zflGt k|lqmofsf] 7'nf] lx:;f ;+lawfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof af6 aflx/ 5 . /fhg}lts bnx? dgf]ut aGb} uPsf 5g lqmoflzn bnx?k|lt ?i6tf lbg k|ltlbg a9\b} uPsf] 5 . slxn] / s:n] ;'? u5{ lglZrt geP klg gofF zQmLsf] pbo lglZrt 5 .
afa'/fdn] gofF zQmLsf] pbosf] ax; rrf{df NofPsf] ePklg gofF zQmL pbosf] nfuL k|ToIf tyf ck|ToIf?kdf klxnf b]lvg} o; k|sf/sf ultlalw xF'b} cfPsf 5g . /fhf ;lxtsf] k|hftGq  / lxGb' /fHosf] dfudf Ps O{~r ;Demf}tf gug]{ sdn yfkfsf] p2]Zo klg gofF zQmLg} xf] afa'/fdsf] h:tf] gofF zQmLs} sNkgf yfkfn] gu/] klg /fhfnfO{ sfFwdf af]Sg] s]xL km/s zQmLsf] nfuL plg ;lqmo ePsf] b]lvG5 . lxGb'x?sf] afx'Notf ePsf] /fHodf lxGb'/fHosf] dfu ug]{ ;+lawfg;efdf c;kmn kfg]{ bnx? k|lt lat[i0ff ;[hgf ug]{ To;} a]nf /fhf ;lxtsf] gofF zQmL pbosf] tof/Ldf b]lvG5g .
!$ xhf/ g]kfnLn]] zfxbt k|fKt, xhf/f}F 3fO{t] / nfvf}F g]kfnL em'ldPsf] dxfg hgo'4nfO{ cfh Pstfsf gfddf laleGg ca;/afbLnfO{ kf6L{ leq\ofpg'n] dfcf]afbL ;Rrf sfo{stf{, hgd'QmL ;]gf / hgo'4df nfda4 ePsf nfvf}F AoQmLx? df}g 5g pgLx? klg gofF ZfQmL;+u ldl;g] ;Defagf k|an 5 .

df]km;n kqsfl/tf
:jtGq kqsf/Ltf ug{ ufx|f] x'Fbf] /x]5
k|ltIff sfkm\n],
sdf08/ kf]i6 /fli6«o b}lgs
Þ tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/ro kfpF g <
Ö k|ltIff sfkm\n], sdf08/ kf]i6 /fli6«o b}lgs, a'6jn 6'8]            /fli6«o b}lgsdf sfd u5'{ .
Þ tkfO{n] lsg kqsfl/tf k]zf /f]Hg' eof] <
Ö ;dfhsf oyf{y s'/fnfO{ cf}NofP/ g/fd|f] s'/fnfO{ lrg{'k5{ eGg] efjn]
Þ slt ;do eof] o; k]zfdf nfu]sf] <
Ö s/La $ aif{ .
Þ s:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <
Ö lhNnfdf a;]kl5 ;a} kqsfl/tf l/kf]l6ª\ ug'{kg]{ afWotf 5 t/ klg d dlxnf / afnaflnsf clg /fhgLlts / v]ns'bdf a9L /dfp5' .
Þ Ps kqsf/ eP/ cfO{kg]{ ;d:ofx? s] s] b]Vg' ePsf] 5 <
Ö cfly{s s'/fnfO{ g} ;j} eGbf a9L ;d:ofsf] laifo xf] . 
Þ :ofªhfdf j;]/ sfd ub}{ x'g'x'G5, s:tf] 5 lg <
Ö /dfOnf] g} 5 egf}+ ;d:of pg} x'g ldl8of hltdf sfd u/]klg bfd kfOb}g o:t} 5 lgz'Ns ;]jf lbPs} 5' .
Þ tkfO{n] :ofªhfdf /fhwfgLaf6 k|sfzg x'g] klqsf sdf08/ kf]i6df sfd ub}{ x'g'xG5 s:tf] dx;'z ug'{ ePsf] 5  <
Ö ;a} s'/fdf t /fd|} xf] t/ sfd cg';f/ Go"gt kfl/>lds klg 5}g\ .
Þ df]km;n kqsfl/tfsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s:tf lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{ <
Ö df]km;]ndf a;]sf kqsf/sf] nflu >dlhlj kqsf/ P]g ePklg nfu' ug'{k¥of], Go'gtd kfl/>lds lbnfpg' k¥of], a]nfa]nfdf 3f]r3f]rfpg k¥of], df]km;]nsf kqsf/x? bf;sf] ?kdf a'em\g] ldl8ofnfO{ sfg'g agfpg' k¥of] .
Þ df]km;ndf sfo{/t kqsf/x?sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5  <
Ö d]/f] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] vf;} s]lx klg kfPsf] 5}g sfd u/]sf] klg tLg rf/ aif{ e};Sof] v} Pp6f ;fwf/0f ;b:o t aGg kfOPsf] 5}g dxf;+3df c? t s] egf+} / <
Þ df]km;nsf ;~rf/dfWod / ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] xs lxtsf nflu kqsf/x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?  sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <
Ö oL ;a} ;a} kf6L{sf eft[ ;+u7g x'g o;df h'gdf cfa4 5f}+ To;}df v'zL /xgL dfq xf] . cfkm\gf] ;+u7gnfO{ dfq ;xof]u u5{ .
Þ tkfOsf] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <
Ö kqsfl/tf kf6L{sf] x}g Joj;flos x'g'k5{ ;dfhsf] oyfy{ s'/f aflx/ Nofpg' dfq xf] .
Þ clxn] kqsfl/tf If]q jb\gfldt x'Fb}5, kqsfl/tf If]qdf nfu]s}x?n] lbpF;} hfF8 vfP/ xNnf ug]{, cfkm'nfO{ 5'§} b'lgFofsf] dfG5] 7fGg], ;dfrf/nfO{ lnP/ df]ndf]nfO{ ug]{ h:tf k|a[lQx? klg b]lvPsf 5g eGg] cf/f]k 5 nfUg] u/]sf] 5, tkfO{nfO{ s] nfU5 <
Ö of] s'/f ;To xf] o;df ;a}n] To;} u5{g xfdL lhNnfdf a;]/ :jtGq kqsf/Ltf ug{ ufxf] x'Fbf] /x]5 lolgx?sf] k|efjn] ubf{ c;/ k5{ Joj;flos kqsf/LtfnfO{ .
Þ tkfO{ slQsf] nfUg' ef 5 o:tf s'/fx?df <
Ö d Joj;flos kqsfl/tf ug]{ kqsf/ x'F d ;dfhdf s]lx ug'{k5{ s]lx b]vfpg' k5{ / ;w}+sf] nflu O{dfGbf/ eO{ l6Sg'k5{ eGg] rfxG5' .
Þ df]km;n kqsfl/tf If]qdf ;'wf/sf nflu tkfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ s] ;'emfj lbg rfxfg'x'G5 <
Ö ;j{k|yd t >dhLjL kqsf/ P]g k|]z sfplG;n nufotsf kqsf/sf] lxtdf sfd ug]{ ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ a]nfa]nfdf vRvrfP/ ;xsfo{ u/L kqsf/sf] lxtdf sfd ug'{k5{ eGg] nfU5 .
Þ 8f]6Ljf6 lgoldt ?kdf k|sfzg eO{/x]sf] laDa ;fKtflxsn] !) jif{ k'/f u/L !! cf}+ jif{df k|j]z u/]sf] 5, o; cj;/df laDa ;fKtflxsnfO{ s] ;'emfj lbg'x'G5 <
Ö Kf|ultsf] sfdgf ;lxt ;of}F jif{ ;Dd ;+rfngdf xf]]; sfdgf ub5'{ . cem}F /fd|f] x'Fb} hfcf]; ;dfhsf] dg 5'g ;sf]; ;a}sf] dfemdf ljDa dfq gfd cfcf]; eGg] rfxfG5' .
Þ cGTodf s]xL eGg dg nfu]sf] 5 <
Ö To:tf] vf;} s]lx 5}g eGg' g} kg]{ km]/L g]tf h:tf] af]nLdf 6\ofn]06 klg kl/Pg . 6f9fFjf6 dnfO{ ;Dem]/ cfkm\gf larf/x? /fVg] df}sf lbg' eof], To;sf nflu laDa ;fKtflxs kl/jf/nfO{ wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .


;Gb]z
jN8{ lehg cGt/fli6«o g]kfn 8f]6L, ;dfg kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| -l;8_ g]kfn, lhNnf jfn sNof0f ;ldlt / laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxsåf/f hf/L
jfn ;+/If0f ;Gb]z
afnaflnsf sf] x'g\ <
afn clwsf/ dxf;lGw cg';f/ !* jif{eGbf d'lgsf] s'g} klg dflg; afnaflnsf xf] .
afn ;+/If0f eg]sf] s] xf] <
afn ;+/If0f eg]sf] afnaflnsfx¿ lj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf  
 b'Jo{jxf/, pk]Iff, zf]if0f / lx+;faf6 pgLx¿nfO{ hf]ufpg' xf] . afn ;+/If0f afn clwsf/df cfwfl/t x'G5 . cGt/f{li6«o tyf g]kfnL sfg'gx¿n] afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ hf]lvdk"0f{ >d, afn ljjfx, 3/]n' lx+;f, of}g zf]if0f tyf a]rlavg÷cf];f/k;f/ h:tf lx+;f / b'Jo{jxf/af6 ;+/If0fsf] clwsf/ Joj:yf u/]sf 5g\ .
afnaflnsfx¿n] lgDglnlvt JolStx¿af6 lx+;f / b'Jo{jxf/ ef]Ug ;S5g\ M – cfdfa'af / kl/jf/ ;b:ox¿, l5d]sLx¿, cGo afnaflnsfx¿, kfl/jfl/s Oi6ldqx¿ / ckl/lrt dflg;x¿, ;d'bfosf ;b:ox¿, ufpFsf g]tfx¿ / /f]huf/bftfx¿, ;]jf k|bfosx¿, lzIfsx¿, 8fS6/x¿ / k|x/Lx¿ .
afn ;+/If0fsf] ;/f]sf/sf ;jfnx¿ lgDglnlvt cj:yfdf ljBdfg x'g ;S5g\ M–kl/jf/x¿n] afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ b'Jo{jxf/, pk]Iff, lx+;f jf zf]if0faf6 ;+/If0f gu/]df jf ug{ g;s]df tyf ;d'bfox¿ / ;]jf k|bfosx¿n] b'Jo{jxf/ x'g lbO/x]df jf To;nfO{ /f]Sg s'g} sfo{ gu/]df .
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t afn ;+/If0f eg]sf] s] xf] <
afnaflnsfx¿ dflysf] b'Jo{jxf/, pk]Iff, lx+;f / zf]if0fsf] /f]syfd tyf ;Daf]bg ug{sf nflu ;d'bfox¿n] :yfgLo lgsfox¿;+u ldn]/ sfo{ ug{' g} ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t afn ;+/If0f xf] . ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t afn ;+/If0f eg]sf] lgDglnlvt sfo{sf nflu ;d'bfonfO{ kl/rfng ug{' eg]sf] xf] M –
¨afn ;+/If0f ;DaGwL ;/f]sf/sf ;jfnx¿sf] klxrfg ug{
¨afn ;+/If0f ;DaGwL ;DefJo 36gfx¿ /f]syfdsf nflu /0fgLltx¿ klxrfg ug{
¨afnaflnsf dfly ePsf b'Jo{jxf/, pk]Iff, zf]if0f / lx+;fsf] ;Daf]bg ug{sf nflu /0fgLltx¿ klxrfg ug{
¨afnaflnsfsf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ eO/x]sf] tyf pm÷pgL hf]lvddf g/x]sf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu kmnf]–ck ug{ .
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t afn ;+/If0fn] :yfgLo txdf ljleGg ;d"xx¿nfO{ ;+nUg u/fpg] sfo{ u5{ .
b'Jo{jxf/ M zf/Ll/s / dgf]j}1flgs rf]6 k'¥ofpg' jf To:tf] ;DefJotf x'g' .
pk]Iff M kof{Kt vfgf, cf>o, n'uf, :jf:Yo ;]jf, dfu{lgb{]zg, zf/Ll/s lgs6tf jf dfof–ddtf jf ;'/lIft 3/ k|bfg gul/g' . lx+;f M zfl/l/s jf of}lgs ¿kdf Iflt k'Ug] sfd x'g', efjgfTds / dgf]j}1flgs xflg k'¥ofpg] cjx]ngf jf hf]lvd x'g' .
zf]if0f M zf/Ll/s an k|of]u, wfs wDsL jf 5n sk6sf cfwf/df JolStnfO{ s'g} sfd ug{ jf of}g sfo{ ug{ afWo kfg{' .
afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ ;+/If0f lsg cfjZos 5 <
afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ ;+/If0f cfjZos x'G5 lsgls M
¨pgLx¿sf] zf/Ll/s ;fdYo{sf] k"0f{ ljsf; ePsf] x'Fb}g . pgLx¿ xflgaf6 cfkm\gf] k|lt/Iff ug{ jf plDsg sd ;Ifd x'G5g\ .
¨pgLx¿sf] 1fg / efjgf ljsf;zLn x'G5g\ . pgLx¿df hf]lvd klxrfg ug{] jf ltgsf c;/x¿ ´]Ng] Ifdtf sd x'G5 .
¨pgLx¿ cfkm\gf cfwf/e"t cfjZostfsf nflu jo:sx¿df cfl>t x'G5g\ . cfk"mdfly k|e'Tj /fVg] zlStzfnL jo:sx¿af6} pgLx¿ hf]lvddf /x]sf x'gfn] pgLx¿ cfk"mn] ef]u]sf lx+;f jf b'Jo{jxf/af/] atfpg klg lxlRsrfpg ;S5g\ . ;a} afnaflnsfx¿sf] a9\g] j|md cg';f/ :jf:Yo, ljsf; / ;+/If0fsf cfjZostfx¿ km/s x'Fb} hfG5g\ .


;"rgf÷la1fkg
k|fljlws lzIff tyf Aofj;flos tfnLd kl/ifb\ 
;]tL k|fljlws lzIffno
lbkfon, 8f]6L
k|yd k6s ;"rgf k|sfl;t ldlt M @)&).!@.!!
cfjZostf Û      cfjZostf  ÛÛ cfjZostf  ÛÛÛ
          o; ;]tL k|fljlws lzIffnosf] nflu tkl;n cg';f/sf kbx?df k|f=lz=tyf Jof=tf=kl/ifb\ sd{rf/L ;]jf ;t{ tyf ;'ljwf ;DjlGw lgodfjnL @)^( cg';f/ tTsfn @)&! ciff9 d;fGt;Dd ;]jf s/f/ lnO{ ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ ;]jf lbg'kg{] ePsf]n] OR5's of]Uotf k'u]sf JolQmnfO{ k|yd k6s k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbg leq o; lzIffnodf cfkm'n] k|fKt u/]sf] k|df0f kqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnkL / j}olQms ljj/0f ;+nUg /fvL sfof{no ;do leq lgj]bg lbg'x'g ;DjlGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . Dofb gfl3 cfPsf] lgj]bg pk/ s'g} sfjf{xL ul/g] 5}g .
lj1fkg g+= @)&)÷)&!÷!                    !=kbM   lgdf{0f k|lzIfs
¨ ;+VofM ! -Ps_
¨ of]Uotf M dfGotf k|fKt ljZj ljBfnoaf6 l;len OlGhlgol/Ëdf :gfts tx kf; u/L       OlGhlgol/Ë sfpG;Lnsf] k|df0f kq k|fKt u/]sf] ;fy} k7g kf7g ;DjlGw cg'ej ePsf]nfO{ ljz]if u|fx]tf lbO{g]5 .
¨ cfj]bg b:t'/ ? %)). /f=jf=j}+s lbkfon zfvfsf] vftf g+= !)))!& df hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ug{' kg{]5 .
lj1fkg g+= @)&)÷)&!÷@          @=kbM  s[lif k|lzIfs
¨ ;+VofM ! -Ps_
¨ of]UotfM dfGotf k|fKt ljZj ljBfnoaf6 s[lif ljifodf :gfts tx plQ0f{ u/]sf] ;fy} k7g kf7g ;DjlGw cg'ej ePsf]nfO{ ljz]if u|fx]tf lbO{g]5 .
¨ cfj]bg b:t'/ ? %)). /f=jf=j}+s lbkfon zfvfsf] vftf g+= !)))!& df hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ug{' kg{]5 .
lj1fkg g+= @)&)÷)&!÷#          #=kbM   :jf:Yo k|lzIfs
¨ ;+VofM ! -Ps_
¨ of]UotfM dfGotf k|fKt ljZj ljBfnoaf6 gl;{ª ljifodf :gfts tx -B.N._ kf; u/L gl;{ª sfpG;Lnsf] k|df0f kq k|fKt u/]sf] ;fy} k7g kf7g ;DjlGw cg'ej ePsf]nfO{ ljz]if u|fx]tf lbO{g]5
¨ cfj]bg b:t'/ ? %)). /f=jf=j}+s lbkfon zfvfsf] vftf g+= !)))!& df hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ug{' kg{]5 .
lj1fkg g+= @)&)÷)&!÷$                   $=kbM   Nofa AjfO{
¨ ;+VofM ! -Ps_
¨ of]UotfM dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 k|df0fkq tx lj1fg ljifo plQ0f{ u/]sf] ;fy} k7g kf7g ;DjlGw cg'ej ePsf]nfO{ ljz]if u|fx]tf lbO{g]5 .
cfj]bg b:t'/ ? #)). /f=jf=j}+s lbkfon zfvfsf] vftf g+= !)))!& df hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ug{' kg{]5 .
lj1fkg g+= @)&)÷)&!÷%          %=kbM   :jf:Yo ;xfos k|lzIfs
¨ ;+VofM ! -Ps_
¨ of]UotfM dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 k|df0fkq tx gl;{ª kf; u/L gl;{ª sfpG;Lnsf] k|df0f kq k|fKt u/]sf] ;fy} k7g kf7g ;DjlGw cg'ej ePsfnfO{ ljz]if u|fx]tf lbO{g]5 .
¨ cfj]bg b:t'/ ? #)). /f=jf=j}+s lbkfon zfvfsf] vftf g+= !)))!& df hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ug{' kg{]5 .
lj1fkg g+= @)&)÷)&!÷^          ^=kbM   :jf:Yo k|lzIf0f ;xfos
¨ ;+VofM ! -Ps_
¨ of]UotfM dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 k|fljlws c=g=dL= kf; u/L gl;{ª sfpG;Lnsf] k|df0f kq k|fKt u/]sf] ;fy} k7g kf7g ;DjlGw cg'ej tyf k|df0fkq tx gl;{ª plQ0f{ ePsfnfO{ ljz]if u|fx]tf lbO{g]5 .
¨ cfj]bg b:t'/ ? #)). /f=jf=j}+s lbkfon zfvfsf] vftf g+= !)))!& df hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ug{' kg{]5 .
;Dks{ ldltM @)&) r}q @% ut] sfof{no ;dodf olb ;f] lbg ljbf k/]df ;f] sf] ef]nLkN6
k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt, cGt/jftf{ Pj+ sIff cjnf]sg / ;DjlGwt ljifosf] k|of]ufTds ;fy} lnlvt, k|of]ufTds tyf cGt/jftf{ ;Dks{ ldltdf tf]lsg] 5 .
lzIffno k|d'v
;]tL k|fljlws lzIffno, lbkfon, 8f]6L

;"rgf Û  ;"rgf ÛÛ  ;"rgf ÛÛÛ
          o'jf tyf ;fgf Joa;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifn] >L s[lif lasf; a}Fs ln= l;nu9L 8f]6L dfkm{t o; lhNnfsf a]/f]huf/ o'jf o'altx?nfO{ shf{ nfufgL ul/Psf]df clwsf+z shf{u|fxLn] tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ls:tf Pj++ Aofh a'emfFpb} cfO{/xg' ePsf]df xflb{s wGoafb lbFb} ca pk|fGtsf] ls:tf / Aofh klg ;dod} a'emfpg cg'/f]w ub{5f}F . ;fy} pQm sfo{qmdaf6 nfeflGat ls:tf / Aofh ga'emfpg] cGo shf{u|fxLnfO{ ldlt @)&) r}q d;fGt leq tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ls:tf Pj+ Aofh a'emfpg cg'/f]w ub{5f}F . pQm ;dodf klg ls:tf Pj+ Aofh ga'emfpg] shf{u|fxLx?nfO{ lgDgfg';f/sf]          sf/jfxL x'g] s'/f hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}F .
sf/jfxLx?
! sfnf] ;""lrdf /fVg] .
@= /fxbfgL glbg] .
#= lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ aGg gkfpg] .
$= ;dfhaf6 alx:sf/ ug]{ .
% C0fL AolQmsf] h'g;'s} ;DkQLaf6 C0f c;'n ug]{
^= ;/sf/n] lbg] ;Dk""0f{ ;]jfaf6 a~rLt ug]{ .
&= nfnk'hf{ /f]Ssf ug]{ .
o'jf tyf ;fgf Joa;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if
lhNnf ;+of]hg tyf cg'udg ;ldlt 8f]6L
kmf]g g= (*$*$%&((^ / )($–$@))$!

gjlzz' :ofxf/ ;dGwL hfgsf/L
!= hlGdg]  lalQs} lzz'nfO{ g/d, ;kmf / ;'Vvf / ks8fn] k'l5 ;kmf sk8fn] a]/L Gofgf] kf/L /fVg' k5{ .
@= ;kmf wfuf]n] afFwL ;kmf cf}hf/n] gfeL sf6\g' k5{ . gfeLdf s]xL gnufO{ ;'Vvf / ;kmf /fVg' k5{ . o;f] ugf{n] gfeL kfSgaf6 arfpF5 .
#= lzz'nfO{ t'?Gt} cfdfsf] gfËf] 5ftLdf 6fF;]/ Gofgf] kf/L /fVg' k5{ .
$= lzz' hGd]sf] ! 306fleq} cfdfsf] lauf}tL b'w v'jfpg z'? ug'{k5{ . o;f] ugf{n] lzz'sf] /f]u;Fu n8\g] Ifdtf a9fpF5 .
%= lzz' hGd]sf] slDtdf @$ 306f;Dd g'xfO{ lbg' x'Fb}g . o;f] ugf{n] lzz'nfO{ s7fª\lu|g] jf lztfË x'gaf6 arfpF5 .

lhNnf :yf:Yo sfof{no, 8f]6L