;f/f g]kfnL ldn]/
cGofo, cTofrf/sf] la?4df n8\g' k5{ / o:tf] cGofo, cTofrf/jf6 d'Qm x'g' k5{ eGg]
cfhsf] dfunfO{ xfdL ;j}n] a'e\mg' kb{5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno
;"rgf ljefu
d'Vo ;dfrf/
ejg
lat/0fdf dgf]dfgL u/]sf] cf/f]k
lhNnf lzIff sfof{no 8f]6L cGt/ut /x]sf]
ef}lts lgdf{0f Aoa:yfkg ;ldltn] dgf]dfgL
9+un] gofF eag lat/0fsf nfuL l;kmfl/; u/]sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf] 5 .
eag lat/0fsf nfuL ;|f]t s]Gb|sf] a}7sn] k|fyldsL/0fsf
cfwf/df lhNnf lzIffdf k7fpg] / lhNnfsf ;a} laBfnosf] k|fyldsL/0fsf cfwf/df
lzIff laefudf l;kmf/L; ug]{ k|fAwfg 5 . t/ 8f]6Ldf ef}lts lgdf{0f Aoa:yfkg
;ldltn] ;|f]t s]Gb|sf] k|fyldsLs/0fsf] lg0f{o dfUb} gdfuL lzIff laefudf l;kmf/L;
u/]sf] 5 .
;ldltdf /x]sf lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L a;Gts'df/ vqL, sfo{qmd
clws[t cDjfbQ hf]zL, n]vf clws[t /a]Gb| gf/fo0f >]i7, ;a–O{lGhlgo/ x]d/fh
hf]zL / dfwa 9sfnsf] pkl:yltdf pQm lg0f{o ePsf] xf] . ;ldltdf /x]sf laBfno
lg/LIfs wg/fh wfdL eg] a}7sdf pg'kl:yt lyPgg\
.
eag lat/0fsf nfuL ;|f]t s]Gb|;+u lhNnf lzIff sfof{non]
s'g} klg ;dGjo gu/]sf] a5}{g ;|f]t s]Gb|sf ;|f]tAolQm l;4/fh hf]zLn] atfP .
pgn] eg] ælautsf aif{df ;|f]t s]Gb|af6 xfdLn] eagsf] d'Vo cfaZostf ePsf] 7fpFdf
l;kmf/L; uYof}{ To; dfyL lhNnfdf kof{Kt 5nkmn x'GYof] lg0f{o ul/GYof] t/ o;
aif{ To;f] ePg .Æ
lzIff laefudf gofF eagsf nfuL l;kmf/L; ubf{ ;|f]t
s]Gb|sf] lg0f{o gcfpFb} l;kmf/L; u/]sf] ;a–O{lGhlgo/ x]d/fh hf]zLn] :jLsf/
u/]sf 5g . pgn] eg] æ8f]6L lhNnfdf !% cf]6f ;|f]t s]Gb| 5g xfdL;+u eag sd lyP,
s:nfO{ lbg] s:nfO{ glbg] eGg] lajfb x'G5 eGg] s'/f eof] To; sf/0f xfdLn] ;|f]t
s]Gb|sf] lg0f{o gePklg laefudf l;kmf/L; u/]sf xf}+ .Æ ;|f]t AolQm;+u ;dGjo
lsg ug'{ ePg eGg] laDa ;fKtflxssf]
k|Zgdf hf]zLn] eg] æ;|f]t AolQmx? ;dGjo ePsf] xf], s:n] s] eGof] eGg] yfxf ePg
. ;ldltn] unt lgotsf ;fy lg0f{o gu/]sf] pgsf] bfjL 5 .
eag lat/0f k|lqmofdf cfkm'x?nfO{ ;xefuL gu/]sf] eGb}
;|f]t AolQmn] c;Gt'li6 AoQm u/]sf 5g . ;|f]tn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ gofF eag
lat/0f ePsf laBfno eGbf klg cGo w]/} laBfnosf] ca:yf gfh's /x]sf] 5 . eagsf] lat/0f
cfaZostf eGbf klg kx'Frsf] cfwf/df ePsf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . k|lqmof ldr]/ eag
lat/0f ugf{n] ;ldltsf] lgot dfyLn} k|Zg v8f ePsf] 5 .
sxfF–sxfF l;kmf/L; eP gofF eag
lhNnf lzIff sfof{no 8f]6L cGt/ut /x]sf] ef}lts lgdf{0f
Aoa:yfkg ;ldtLn] @$ nfvsf 7'nf] ejg % cf]6f, & nfv %) xhf/ nuflgsf
& cf]6f ;fgf eag lat/0fsf nfuL
l;kmf/L; u/]sf] 5 .
7'nf eag cGt/ut l;4]Zj/ pRr dfWoflds laBfno agn]s, e}/j
dfWoflds laBfno afFemsfsgL, b'uf{ dfWoflds laBfno a5}{g, /3'gfy pRr dfWoflds
laBfno lg/f}nL, hf]/f3f6 dfBflds laBfno ;fTkm/L ufla;df @$ a/fa/sf] eag
lgdf0f{sf nfuL l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 .
;fgf eag cGt/ut e}/j k|fylds laBfno nfldvfn, sflnsf
k|fylds laBfno lthfnL, rf}vfg lgDg dfWoflds laBfno n8fu8f, dxfsfnL lgDg dfWoflds laBfno vfltj8f,
cWj]Zj/L k|fylds laBfno 8f}8, cd/ k|fylds laBfno l;drf}/ / 8lD;nf lgDg dfWoflds
laBfno nfgfs]bf/]Zj/df ;fgf eagsf nflu l;kmf/L; ul/Psf] 5 .
8f]6L lhNnfsf] aun]s ufla;df /x]sf] >L di6]Zj/L lgDg
dfWoflds laBfnodf w]/} aif{b]lv hL0f{c:yfdf /x]sf] eagdf k9fO{ eO/x]sf] ePklg
pQm laBfno k|fyldstfsf] ;"rLdf k/]sf] 5}g . o:t} ca:yf /x]sf cGo laBfnodf
klg gofF ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu l;km/L;df k/]sf 5}g . o; eGbf /fd|f] ca:yf ePsf
laBfnox? eg] ;"rLdf k/]sf 5g .
;DkfbsLo
tTsfn ;dLIff ul/of];\
k|l;4 wfld{s :yn 8f]6Lsf] z}n]Zj/Ldf x/]s !@
jif{df Ps k6s nfUg] sf]6Lxf]d dxfo1 cfh ;DkGg x'Fb}5 . sf]6Lxf]d dxfo1 ;DkGg
ug{sf nflu jf/a/]nf / l;nu9L jhf/jf;Lx?n] u/]sf] of]ubfg, ;xof]u, ;dGjo /
;bf;otf ct'ngLo /x]sf] 5 . !) lbg;Dd eJotfsf ;fy lagf s'g} lajfb sf]6Lxf]d
dxfo1 ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . o;sf nflu z}n]Zj/L If]q lasf; ;ldlt, jf/j/]nf / laz]ifu/L
l;nu9L ;b/d'sfdjf;Lx? wGojfbsf kfq ePsf 5g .
;'/IffsdL{x?n] ;'/Iff Joj:yf r':t jgfO{lbP, oftfot
Joj;foLx?n] oftfotsf ;fwgdf eQmhgx?sf] ;xh kx'Fr jgfO{lbP, xf]6]n Joj;foLx?n] cfkm\gf]
Joj;fo;+u;+u} ;]jfsf] efjgf klg hf]8L lbP, :yfgLojf;Lx?n] v'nf x[bon] jflx/jf6
cfpg] eQmhgx?sf] :jfut ul/lbP, cf–cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L kfPsfx?n] s'zntfsf ;fy
cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ul/lbP h;n] ubf{ sf]6Lxf]d dxfo1 /fd|f];+u ;DkGg x'g
;kmn ePsf] 5 . o;sf nflu ;j} k|;+;fsf kfq 5g .
sf]6Lxf]d ;DkGg ePsf] 5, of] xfdL 8f]6]nLx?sf nflu
v'zLsf] s'/f xf] t/ ;DkGg ePkl5 cfpg] u'gf;fx? / lajfbx?sf] laifodf klg xfdLn]
rgfvf] x'g' h?/L 5 . @)%( ;fnsf] sf]6Lxf]dkl5 cfPsf] lajfb clxn];Dd klg dTy/
ePsf] 5}g . sf]6Lxf]d dxfo1df slt cfDbfgL eof] / slt vr{ eof] eGg] s'/f ;fj{hlgs x'g' h?/L x'G5 . 6f9f6f9fjf6
cfPsf eQmhgx?n] k|uf9 wfld{s cf:yfsf sf/0f z}n]Zj/LnfO{ gub jf lhG;L ;fdfgx?
bfg u/]sf 5g . Tof] z}n]Zj/LnfO{ u/]sf] bfg xf] s'g} JolQm laz]ifnfO{ lbPsf]
blIf0ff jf lev xf]O{g . To;}n] pQm bfg, e]6L h] h] 5 ;j} / ;dod} ;fj{hlgs x'g'
k5{ . To:t} ;+sng ePsf] rGbf, hgtfn] u/]sf] >dbfg, k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfg cflb
;j} s'/fsf] nf]vfhf]vf x'g' h?/L 5 .
vr{ tkm{ klg s], slt, sxfF / s;/L vr{ ePsf] 5 To;sf] klg
lrQa'em\bf] lx;fj ;fj{hlgs x'g'k5{ . s'g lzif{sdf slt vr{ ePsf] 5, Tof] vr{sf]
laj/0f klg ;fj{hlgs x'g' h?/L 5 . ut sf]6Lxf]ddf lo b'O{ s'/f x'g ;s]gg\ .
clxn];Dd klg pQm lajfb sfod} 5 . wfld{s sfo{x? cf:yfsf cfwf/df ul/g]
lqmofsnfkx? x'g . d'gfkmf sdfpgsf nflu cGo k]zf Joj;fo ckgfO{G5 . hj xfdLn]
laz'4 cf:yfsf cfwf/df pQm k'0osf] sfo{ ;DkGg u/]sf 5f}+ eg] lsg xfdLn] bf]if
6fpsf]df jf]ls/fVg] < To;}n] ;j}eGbf klxn] sf]6Lxf]d dxfo1sf] cfoJoo laj/0f
;fj{hlgs x'g' h?/L 5 .
bf]>f] ;dLIff x'g' kg]{ s'/f klg cfPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ ulDe/tfsf
;fy x]l/g' k5{ / olb To;f] ePsf] 5 eg] tTsfn ;DjlGwt JolQmnfO{ sf/jfxL klg
ul/g' k5{, xf]O{g eg] unt cf/f]k nufpg]nfO{ klg ;hu jgfpg' k5{ . @)^# ;fn
sflt{s ! ut] ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ z}n]Zj/Ldf s'g} hfteftsf] cfwf/df 5'jf5't
gx'g] Uof/]06L ul/Psf] xf] t/ sf]6Lxf]dsf qmddf Joj:yfgleq} /x]sf JolQmjf6
hftLo 5'jf5't x'g] vfnsf] Jojxf/ b]lvPsf] u'gf;fx? cfPsf 5g . olb o:tf] ePsf]
xf] eg] Tof] s'g} klg cj:yfdf If]Do x'g] s'/f xf]O{g . o:tfnfO{ sf/jfxL ug'{
k5{ . olb cf/f]k dfq xf] eg] cf/f]k nufpg]nfO{ klg em'6f cf/f]k gnufpg ;hu
u/fO{g' k5{ .
To:t} Joj:yfkgdf vl6Psf JolQmx?n] cf–cfkm\gf dfG5]x?nfO{
lbg]lkR5] kfnf] ldRb} bz{g u/fpFb} u/]sf] s'/f klg cfPsf] . o;df klg ;dLIff x'g'
h?/L 5 . lo / o:tf ;j} s'/fx?nfO{ tTsfn ;dLIff ul/g' k5{ / cfufdL lbgx?df o:tf
vfnsf lajfbx? u'gf;fx? gcfpg] u/L Joj:yfkg ug]{ tof/L ul/g'k5{ .
yk ;dfrf/
#) bnLo df]rf{ nlrnf] x'g' kg]{
sf]6Lxf]d dxfo1sf] cfh cGtLd lbg, Ps nfv
a9Ln] bz{g u/]
z}n]Zj/L dlGb/df ;~rfng eO{/x]sf] sf]6Lxf]d
dxfo1sf] qmddf cfO{tjf/ 8f]6L k'u]sf k'j{k|wfgdGqL tyf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf al/i7
g]tf z]/ axfb'/ b]pjfn] jftf{sf nflu Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] #) bnLo
df]rf{ nlrnf] x'g'kg]{ atfPsf 5g\ . ut !! ut] b]lv ;~rfng ePsf] dxfo1sf] cfh
Hjfnf k|bz{g ;lxt ;dfkg x'g]5 .
b]pjfn] Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] d]/f] uf]?sf] afX} 6Ssf
eGg] h:tf] u/]sfn] ;xdlt x'g g;s]sf] atfP . æxfdL slt xb;Dd nlrnf] x'g] <Æ
sfFu|]; al/i7 g]tf b]pjfn] eg] æPlss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] eg]s} s'/f] dfg] ;xdlt
x'g] gq gx'g] eGg] s'/f] x'Fb}g .Æ pgn] ;+ljwfg;efdf ;xeflu ;a} bnsf] ;xdltdf
gofF ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g g;Sg] 7f]s'jf u/] . ælrq axfb'/ g]t[Tjsf] kf6L{ ;+3Lotf
rflxb}g eG5Æ b]pjfn] eg] æsdn yfkf /fhf rflxof] eGb}5g\, To;}n] ;a} s'/fdf
;xdlt x'g ;Sb}g .Æ
g]kfn k|]; o"lgog 8f]6L zfvfn] lbkfondf u/]sf] kqsf/
;Dd]ngdf jf]Nb} b]pjfn] ;xdlt x'g g;Sbf cfkm'x? k|lqmofdf uPsf] atfP . cv08
;'b"/–klZrdsf] laifodf kqsf/x?n] /fv]sf] lh1f;fdf b]pjfn] hgtfsf] efjgf
eGbf aflx/ uP/ cfkm'x? sfd ug]{ kIfdf g/x]sf] atfP . pgn] eg] æs}nfnL / s~rgk'/
lhNnfnfO{ s'g} klg cj:yfdf ;'b"/–klZrdaf6 6'lqmg lbb}gf} .Æ
b]pjf;+u} 8f]6L k'u]sf l;+rfO{ dGqL Pglk ;fjbn] cv08
;'b"/klZrdsf] /fhwfgL k"jf{wf/ ePsf] 7fpFdf x'g] jtfPsf 5g . dGqL
;fpFbn] cv08 ;'b"/klZrd k|fGtsf] /fhwfgL s}nfnLsf] cQ/Lofdf x'g] ;+s]t lbP
. dGqL ;fpFbn] o;cl3 klg ;'b"/klZrddf xfn sfod /x]sf gf} lhNnfnfO{ ldnfP/
Ps k|fGt jgfO{g] / ;f] sf] /fhwfgL cQ/Lof jgfO{g] cleJolQm lbO{;s]sf lyP .
sf]6Lxf]ddf k"j{k|wfgdGqL b]pjf, l;rfO{dGqL ;fpFb,
jt{dfg ;ef;b\x?, k"j{ ;ef;bx?, /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?, pRr kb:y ;/sf/L
sd{rf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx? nufot b]zleq / jflx/jf6 u/L ;f]djf/;Dd
Ps nfv a9Ln] bz{g u/]sf] cfof]hsx?n] cg'dfg u/]sf 5g .
gbLdf :gfg ug{ ef/t ghfg'xf];
g]kfnsf k|yd hut u'? cgGt >L lae'lift
>L afn;Gt df]xgz/0f b]jfrfo{ dxf/fhn] wd{ sdfpgsf nflu gbLdf :gfg ug{ ef/t
ghfg ;'emfj lbPsf 5g . 8f]6Lsf] z}n]Zj/Ldf ;~rfng eO{/x]sf] sf]6Lxf]d dxfo1df
cfO{tjf/ k|jrg lbFb} pgn] ;f] s'/f jtfPsf x'g .
s8f ;'/Iff Joj:yf ;lxt zlgjf/ /ftL 8f]6L k'u]sf hutu'?n]
;'b"/klZrdsf uf]bfj/L, dxfsfnL gbL, ;]tL gbL ef/tsf laleGg wfld{s :yn eGbf
pko'Qm /x]sf] jtfPsf x'g . oxfFsf wfld{s :ynsf] lasf; ePsf] v08df ef/tsf
dfG5]x? klg oxfF cfpg] / oxfFsf] ko{6g lasf; x'g] b]jfrfo{sf] egfO{ 5 .
k|jrgsf qmddf pgn] eg] ædxfsfnL gbLdf :gfg ubf{ u+uf
gbLdf :gfg u/]sf] eGbf bz u'0ff k'Go x'G5 eg]/ k'/f0f zf:qdf n]lvPsf] 5 .Æ
æ;'b"/–klZrdsf P]ltxfl;s Pj+ wfld{s :ynx?sf] dxTj a'emfpg g;s]sf sf/0f
;'b"/klZrd lasf;df k5f8L k/]sf] xf]Æ pgn] eg] æoxfFsf w]/} lxGb'
wdf{jnDaLx? 7'nf] wg/fzL vr{ u/]/ ef/t hfg] u/]sf 5g .Æ
zf}rfno jgfpgs} nflu 3/ cfP
æ3/df zf}rfno 5}g eGb} 3/jf6 kmf]g u¥of] clg
zf}rfno jgfpgsf nflu ef/tsf] tldngf8'jf6 cfPsf] x'F .Æ aemfª /fon uflj; ky'8f
ufFpsf lzj/fh e08f/L zf}rfno jgfpgsf nflu ef/tjf6 3/ cfP/ 5g\ .
ufla;sf sd{rf/L ;lxt cGo ufpFn]x?n] klg 3/df zf}rfno
jgfpg' kg]{ eGb} pgsL cfdf, >Ldlt /
5f]/L nfO{ bjfb lbPkl5 cfdfn] kmf]g u/]/ e08f/LnfO{ zf}rfno agfpg 3/ af]nfPsf]
xf] . s]xlbg cl3 dfq} k'u]sf e08f/Ln]
rkL{ agfpg ;'? ul/;s]sf 5g .
ljut #) jif{ b]lv tfldngf8'sf] Ps zx/df rf}sLbf/L ub}{
cfPsf e08f/L rf/ jif{ cuf8L
rfF8kj{df 3/ cfPsf lyP . æclxn] 3/
cfpg] s'g} ;f]r lyPgÆ zf}rfno lgdf{0f
ubf{ ufFpd} e]l6Psf e08f/Ln] eg] æcfdfn] k6s k6s kmf]g u/]/ ;j}n] ufFpdf rkL{
agfO{ xfNof], xfd|f] dfq afFsL 5 Ps rf]6L 3/ cfP/ agfO{ hfFp eg]kl5 rkL{
agfpgs} nfuL 3/ cfPF .Æ pgn] ef/td}
cWoog ul//x]sf] ;fgf] 5f]/fnfO{ pt} PSn} 5f]8]/ cfPsf] ;d]t jtfP .
æg]kfndf 3/ 3/df rkL{ agfpg] cleofg rn]sf] 5 eGg] t pt}
;'g]sf] lyPFÆ pgn] eg] æt/ kl5 hfpnf ;f]r]sf] lyPF oxfF t v'nf lbzfd'Qm 3f]if0f
ug]{ xtf/ /x]5 clg uflj;df cfdfsf] klg a[4eQf /f]sL lbPsf] /x]5, cfpg] jfWotfg}
eof] .Æ ;/sf/n] o:tf] cleofg klxn} ug'{kg]{ atfpFb} ca ufFpdf /S;L aGb,
afnljjfx aGb, dlxnf lx+;f, 5fpk8L k|yf d'Qm h:tf sfo{qmd klg o;/L cleofgsf ;fy
lng' kg]{ ;'emfj lbP .
/fon uflj;–@ ky'8f ufFpdf /x]sf $) 3/w'/LdWo] pgsf] / pQd
e08f/Lsf] dfq rkL{ agfpg afFsL 5 . 3/ lgdf{0f ePsf] *) jif{kl5 af/Ldf rkL{ lgdf{0f xF'bf pgsL cfdf
d+unL e08f/L ;lxt pgsL >Ldlt ljh' / 5f]/L klg w]/} v'zL ePsL 5g\ . rkL{
agfpg eg]/ tfdLngf8'jf6 lzj/fh e08f/L 3/ cfPkl5 cf]Nnf]kNnf] l5d]sL dflg;x? klg
nfx'/] bfO{ rkL{ agfpg cfPsf eGb} ;xof]u / ukmufkm ug{ oxfFg} cfpg] u/]sf]
:yfgLo d+un e08f/Ln] jtfP .
/fon uflj; sd{rf/L pQd e08f/Ln] Ps xhf/ %) 3/w'/L /x]sf]
uflj;df @! Jf6fsf] rkL{ agfpg afFsL /x]sf]n cf]l8Pkm ug{ l9nf ePsf] ;'gfP .
@)^* ;fn b]lv rkL{ agfpg] cleofg rn]sf] aemfª lhNnfdf ca v'nf lbzfd'Qm x'g ^
j6f uflj; qmdz /fon, df}nfnL, ;}gk;]nf
n]vufFp, ;'df{ / bf}nLrf}/ /x]sf 5g\ .
dlxnfsf ;d:of p7fpg dlxnf kqsf/
dlxnfx?sf ;d:of ;~rf/dfWoddf Nofpgsf nflu
dlxnfx?nfO{ kqsfl/tfdf Nofpg' kg]{ cfjZostf cf}NofO{Psf] 5 .
u|fld0f dlxnf lasf; tyf Pstf s]Gb| -?8's_ gfds u}/ ;/sf/L
;+:yfn] ut d+unjf/ cfof]hgf u/]sf] ædlxnfsf d'4fx?df ;~rf/sdL{x?sf]
e"ldsfÆ ljifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf ;xefuLx?n] o:tf] atfPsf x'g\ . 8f]6Ldf
dlxnf kqsf/x?sf] ;+Vof Go"g ePsf]n] dlxnf clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfd ug]{
u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?n] dlxnfx?nfO{ kqsfl/tfdf Nofpgsf nflu ;xof]u ug'{ kg]{
sfo{qmdsf ;xeflux?n] jtfP .
sfo{qmddf af]Nb} kqsf/ /fdxl/ cf]emfn] cfwf/e't kqsfl/tf
tflndn] dfq} dlxnfx? kqsfl/tf If]qdf :yflkt x'g g;ls/x]sf] jtfpFb} eg] ædlxnfsf
If]qdf lqmoflzn ;+3;+:yfx?n] ;dGjo u/L @÷$ hgf;Dd dlxnf kqsf/ :yflkt ug{ sDtLdf
Ps jif{;Dd a:g] vfg] Joj:yf ldnfO{ lbPdf plgx? :yfkLt x'g ;S5g\ .Æ g]kfn kqsf/
dxf;+3 8f]6Lsf sf]iffWoIf u0f]z df}gLn] vu]Gb| l;+xn] dlxnfx?sf cfkm\gf kL8f
k'?ifn] eGbf dlxnfn] g} a'em\g ;S5g\ / s'g} klg 36gfdf hlt dlxnf;Fu g} v'n]/
JoQm ug{ ;S5g\ TotL k'?if;Fu v'Ng g;Sg] jtfP . kqsf/ nf]s]z clwsf/Ln] dlxnf
lx+;fsf 36gfeGbf klg dlxnfsf ;kmntfsf ;jfn p7fg ug{'kg{] atfP .
sfo{qmddf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;lrj df]xg zfxLn] sfo{kq
k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
;dfh ;]jfåf/f l8cfO{hL >]i7 ;Ddflgt
;z:q k|x/L jnsf k|x/L gfoj dxflg/LIfs
-l8cfO{hL_ ;'/hs'df/ >]i7nfO{ ;dfh ;]jf 8f]6Ln] ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 .
z}n]Zj/L sf]6Lxf]d dxfo1sf] qmddf 8f]6L k'u]sf l8cfO{hL
>]i7nfO{ ;f]djf/ pQm ;+:yfn] ;Ddfg u/]sf] xf] . ;dfh ;]jf 8f]6Lsf ;+:yfks
;b:o ;d]t /x]sf l8cfO{hL >]i7nfO{ ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks cWoIf gljg >]i7 /
jt{dfg cWoIf ;'lgn 3lt{n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf ;Ddfg u/]sf x'g . ;f] cj;/df l8cfO{hL
>]i7n] ;+:yfk|lt cfef/ JoQm ub}{ cfufdL lbgx?df klg ;+:yfsf] pQ/f]Q/
k|ultsf] sfdgf u/]sf lyP .
æxfdLn] @)$& ;fnlt/ v]ns'bnfO{ nlIft u/L of] ;+:yf
:yfkgf u/]sf lyof}+Æ l8cfO{hL >]i7n] eg] ækl5 xfdLn] ;fdflhs sfo{df klg ;+nUgtf
j9fof}+ .Æ clxn] ;dfh ;]jfn] cfkm\g} ejg jgfPsf] b]Vbf cfkm'nfO{ w]/} v'zL
nfu]sf] jtfpFb} pgn] eg] æ;+:yfdf dlxnf ;xeflutf cln sd ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5,
o;nfO{ ;'wf/ ug{ ;'emfj lbG5' .Æ
@)%! ;fndf k|x/L lg/LIfs kbjf6 g]kfn k|x/Ldf k|j]z u/]sf
>]i7 ;z:q k|x/L ansf] :yfkgf ePkl5 @)%* ;fn a}zfvdf ptf kb:yfkg ePsf lyP .
ut k'if !& ut]sf] dGqLkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{ojf6 pgL ;z:q k|x/L jnsf] k|x/L gfoj
dxflg/LIfs kbdf a9'jf ePsf x'g .
;f] cj;/df l8cfO{hL >]i7n] cfkm'n] ;+:yfsf nflu /
lhNnfsf] lasf;sf nflu ug{ ;Sg] ;xof]u hf/L /fVg] jtfP .
5f]6s/L ;dfrf/
v's'/L agfpg tflnd
8f]6Lsf] nfldvfn ufla;df v's'/L rSs' / r'n];L
agfpg] tflnd ;'? ePsf] 5 .
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u lasf; ;ldlt / cfw'lgs ;Lk lasf; d~r
g]kfn gfds u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf ;fem]bf/Ldf o; If]qd} klxnf] k6s o:tf] tflnd ;~rfng
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnddf nfldvfn / dxfb]a:yfg ufla;af6 !% hgfsf] ;xeflutf
/x]sf] 5 . o; sfo{qmdnfO{ lhNnfdf lqmoflzn u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf ;dfg kx'Fr lasf;
s]Gb| l;8 g]kfn, u|fld0f lasf; s]Gb| g]kfn, ;d lasf; s]Gb| g]kfn, ;fd'bflos
lasf; d~r g]kfn, ;dfh ;]jf / blnt pTyfg lasf; ;ldltsf] ;xof]u /x]sf] ;+:yfsf
cWoIf s[i0faxfb'/ n'xf/n] hfgsf/L lbP . tflnd kZrft ;xefuLx? v's'/L, rSs',
r'n];L agfpg ;Ifd x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5
.
3/af6 lgsflng aflnsf
8f]6L sf8fdf8f}+ uflj;–^ v8]nfsL ;+qmldt !$
aifL{of jflnsf sfnL af]u6L lhNnf
;b/d'sfd l;nu9L l:yt df]tL/fd sfdLsf] 3/df a+u'/ :ofxf/sf] sfd ub}{ cfPsL 5g .
sflnn] efph'n] b'Mv lbPsf sf/0f 3/ 5f]8\g afWo ePsf]
atfO{g . sfnLn] elgg\, æd Tof] 3/df hfg} ;lSbg, a? ot} Hofg kmfN5' .Æ s;}n]
/fVg gdfg]sf pgnfO{ wGg df]tL/fdn] cf>o lbPsf 5g . sfnLsf] :ofxf/df ;xof]u
k'uf];\ eg]/ PrcfO{eLsf If]qdf sfd ug]{ ;+:yf ;L8LPkm 8f]6Ln] h]7 b]lv dfl;s
xhf/ ?k}ofF efph'sf] vftfdf hDdf ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
n]v
cf}lrToxLg ;+lawfg;ef la36g ul/of];
/fdxl/ cf]emf
æsltj]nf kfS5 lrof < l56f] ug'{ g ;fx'FhL
ÛÆ
ækfsL/f5, Ps}l5g x} .Æ
æcf]xf], tkfO{sf] lrof klg gofF ;+lawfg h:t} xf] ls Sof
xf] <Æ
æd]/f] lrofnfO{ ;+lawfg;+u t'ngf u/]/ d]/f] a]O{Hht
gul/lbg' g xh'/, hgtfsf] /ut kl;gf r';]/ vfg]x?n] jgfpg] ;+lawfg / cfkm\gf] k]6
kfNgsf nflu /ftlbg /ut kl;gf jufpg] d h:tfn] ksfpg] lrofsf] s'g} tfnd]n g} 5}g
xh'/ .Æ
8f]6Lsf] ;b/d'sfddf /x]sf] Ps lrof k;ndf lrof k;n] /
u|xfsaLrdf ePsf] s'/fsfgL ;'Gbf hlt /dfO{nf] nfUb} lyof] a'em\b} hfFbf Toltg}
dfld{s klg lyof] . lbp;e/L csf{n] lrof vfPsf] lunf; dfem\g]n] d}n] s/ lt/]sf]
5' eGg] cg'e'lt dfq} u/]sf] 5}g aNsL cfkm'n] lt/]sf] s/sf] b'?kof]u eO{/x]sf] 5
eGg] klg /fd|f];+u a'em]sf] /x]5 .
cr]n x/]s s'/f ;+lawfg;ef;+u hf]8\g yflnPsf] 5 . lrof
k;ndf lrof kfSg cln l9nf] eof] eg] æs] xf] g]kfnsf] ;+lawfg h:t} xf]nf h:tf] 5
lg lrof t ÛÆ laB't cfk'lt{ jGb ePsf sf/0f s]xLj]/ l9nf] u/L :yfgLo kqklqsf
k|sfzg ePkl5 æg]kfnsf] ;+lawfg h:t} t xf]Æ eGg] jfSox? tTsfn ;'lgG5g\ . dfgf}+,
cr]n ;+lawfg;ef / gofF ;+lawfg eg]sf] 7§f ug]{, /dfO{nf] ug]{, 3f]rk]r ug]{ zJb
jg]sf 5g . lsg gxf]; klg o:tf] <
@)^@÷)^# ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntfkl5 @)^# ;fn df3 !
ut] hf/L ePsf] g]kfnsf] cGt/Ld ;+lawfg @)^# sf] wf/f ^$ cg';f/ ;+lawfg;efsf]
klxnf] j}7s j;]sf] ldltn] b'O{jif{leq gofF ;+lawfg hf/L ug]{ nIf ;lxt wf/f ^#
cg';f/ ;+lawfg;efsf] u7g eof] . tf]lsPsf] cjwLdf b'O{ jif{ yKbf ;d]t gofF
;+lawfg hf/L ug{ g;sL ;+lawfg;efsf] hj/h:tL d[To'j/0f u/fO{of] . æhj/h:tLÆ eGg]
zJbsf] cGoyf cy{ gnfuf];\, h'g ;+lawfg cg';f/ @)^$ r}q @* ut] ;+lawfg;efsf]
lgjf{rg ePsf] lyof] ;f]xL ;+lawfgsf] wf/f *@ cg';f/ gofF ;+lawfg hf/L gu/];Dd
;+lawfg;efsf] la36g gx'g] k|fJwfg 5 . æ;+lawfg;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] ;+lawfg k|f/De
ePsf] lbgb]lv ;+lawfg;efsf] sfd ;dfKt x'g]5Æ eGg] jfSofFzn] lbg] cy{ of]
klQmFsf/sf] a'emfO{df gofF ;+lawfg hf/L gu/];Dd ;+lawfg;ef lhljt} /xG5 . t/
;+lawfg;efsf] hj/h:tL 3fF6L /]6g\ sfd eof] . of] sfddf tTsfnLg ;QfkIfsf] hlt
bf]if lyof], Toltg} bf]if k|ltkIfsf] klg lyof] . To;f] t of] dfldnfdf ;Ddflgt
;jf]{Rr cbfntn] klg cfkm'nfO{ lajfbjf6 6f9fF /fVg ;s]g .
zlQm k[ysLs/0fsf] l;4fGt cg';f/ nf]stflGqs d'n'sx?df
Joj:yflksf, sfo{kflnsf / Gofokflnsfsf] zlQm / lhDd]jf/L a]Unfa]Un} x'G5 .
dG6]:So'åf/f k|ltkflbt of] l;4fGt cg';f/ zlQmnfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf /fv] /fHo lg/+s'z
x'G5 eGg] dfGotfsf ;fy Joj:yflksf, sfo{kflnsf / Gofokflnsf u/L /fHosf tLg c+udf
zlQmsf] laefhg ul/Psf] 5 . o; l;4fGt cg';f/ sfo{kflnsfnfO{ sfof{Gjogsf clwsf/,
Joj:yflksfnfO{ sfg'g lgdf{0fsf] clwsf/ / GofokflnsfnfO{ Gofo;DjlGw clwsf/ k|bfg
ul/G5 / Ps–csf{sf] clwsf/dfyL x:tIf]k ug{ g;Sg] Joj:yf ul/G5 .
g]kfnsf] cGt/Ld ;+lawfg @)^# sf] wf/f !$* cg';f/ ;+lawfg
;+;f]wgsf] clwsf/ Joj:yflksf–;+;bnfO{ lbO{Psf] 5 / cGt/Ld ;+lawfgsf] s'g} klg
wf/f jf efu ckl/jt{gLo 5}g jf s'g wf/f slt k6s ;+;f]wg ug{ ldNg] eGg] klg pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5}g . ctM Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] s'g} klg wf/f jf efu ;+;f]wg ug]{ clwsf/
/fVb5 . of] clwsf/ Gofokflnsfn] c+s'z nufpg ;Sg] clwsf/ xf]O{g . lglZrt ?kdf
wf/f ^$ df ePsf] Joj:yfnfO{ k6s–k6s ;+;f]wg u/L ;+lawfg;efsf] Dofb b'O{ jif{jf6
rf/ jif{;Dd k'¥ofpbf hgtf cflht ePsf lyP . t/, Gofokflnsf hgtfsf] æ;]l06d]06Æ
a'em]/ km};fnf ug]{ c+u xf]O{g . sfg'g cg';f/ ePsf] 5 ls 5}g eGg] s'/f af]Ng]
c+u xf] .
olb To;j]nf ^ dlxgf jf Ps jif{s} nflu klg Dofb yk u/]/
gofF ;+lawfg hf/L x'g ;Sg] cj:yf cfpFYof] eg] bf]>f] ;+lawfg;efsf gfddf s/Lj
@( cj{ ?k}ofF a}w / cjf}{+ ?k}ofF ca}w tl/sfn] vr{ ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf cfpg] lyPg
xf]nf . cj:yf km]/L klg p:t} 5 . bf]>f] ;+lawfg;efsf] sfo{sfn Ps jif{
lalt;Sbf klg klxnf] ;+lawfg;efn] u/]sf] sfd eGbf /lQ klg cuf8L j9]sf] b]lvb}g .
klxnf] ;+lawfg;efn] *) k|lt;t ;+lawfg lgdf{0fsf] sfd ;DkGg u/]sf] s'/f ;j}n]
:jLsf/ ul/;s]sf] laifo xf] . of] uPsf] Ps jif{df t o;df æO{sf/Æ / æpsf/Æ ;Dd
klg ylkPsf] b]lvb}g .
Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf ePsf ;QfkIf / k|ltkIfsf] gfddf
;+lawfg;efdf klg ;QfkIf / k|ltkIfsf] cj:yf jg]sf] 5 . h'g klxnf] ;+lawfg;efsf]
eGbf k[ys / gf}nf] k|:t'lt xf] bnx?sf] . klxnf] ;+lawfg;efdf s'g} Ps lbgklg
;+lawfg;efsf] a}7s cj?4 ePsf] 36gf 5}g / ;QfkIf / k|ltkIf b]lvg] u/L
;+lawfg;efdf gf/fjfhL ePsf] klg 5}g . h] h] x'GYof] Joj:yflksf–;+;bdfg} x'GYof]
/ Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf gf/fjfhL x'g', /f]:td 3]/fp ug'{, a}7s jlx:sf/ ug'{nfO{
;+;bLo Joj:yfdf :jefljs} klg dflgG5 . t/, ;+lawfg;efdf o:tf] cj:yf cfpg'
b'ef{Uo g} dfGg' k5{ . en} ;+lawfg;efdfkm{t ;+lawfg lgdf{0fsf] cEof; u/]sf cGo
d'n'sx?df klg o:tf b'ef{Uok"0f{ 36gfx? ePsf 5g .
hgtfn] 7'nf] cfzf u/]/ bf]>f] ;+lawfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf
dtbfg u/]sf x'g . c9fO{ ;o jif{ k'/fgf] /fhgLlts Joj:yfsf] cGTo u/L nf]stflGqs
u0ftGqfTds Joj:yf :yfkgf ePsf] / of] Joj:yfnfO{ ;+:yfut ug]{ qmddf s]xL l9nfO{
ePsf]df hgtfn] Tolt lk/ u/]gg\ / km]/L csf]{ lgjf{rgdf klg ;lqmotf b]vfP .
hgtfsf] pQm cfzf lg/f;fdf kl/0ft eof] . tf]lsPsf] ;dol;df ;lsg ;lsg nfUbf
;+lawfg;efdf d'7e]8 eof] . s/Lj !) ldg]6sf] ;dofjwLdf tL; nfv ?k}ofF If]lt eof]
. æxfdLn] r'g]sf k|ltlglw x'gÆ eg]/ hgtfn] nfh dfGg' kg]{ kl/l:ylt ;[hgf eof] .
;+lawfg;efdf dfq} xf]O{g pQm d'7e]8 ;8s;Dd} k'Uof] . ;8sdf g]tfx?sf 6fpsf
km'6], ;j{;fwf/0f xftv'§f 6'6], slt oftfotsf ;fwgx? hn], slt ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ
hNof] .
of] d'7e]8sf] cj:yf clxn];Dd klg /f]lsPsf] 5}g . ;8s /
;bgdf d'7e]8 ug]{ of]hgfsf ;fy Pdfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] #) bnLo df]rf{ ;lxtsf bnx?
/x]sf 5g eg] æd'7e]8sf] cj:yf cfof] eg] ;zQm k|ltjfb ug'{Æ eg]/ ;Qf kIfsf
g]tfx?n] cfk\mgf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ lgb]{zg lbFb}5g . clg of] ;+lawfg;efsf] cf}lrGo
s] 5 t < s] km]/L b]znfO{ csf]{ o'4lt/ pGd'v u/fpgsf nflu bf]>f]
;+lawfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ePsf] xf] < s] km]/L ;8s / ;bgdf /Qmkftk"0f{
cj:yf Nofpgsf nflu of] ;+lawfg;ef l6sfO{/xg' k5{ < cfjZos 5}g of] ;+lawfg;efsf]
cj . To;}n] of] ;+lawfg;efsf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt eO{;s]sf] 5 . clxn]sf] cj:yf hlt
lbg nlDjG5 Toltg} al9 lbg;Dd /fhgLlts d'7e]8sf] eo hgtfdf /lx/G5 .
;+lawfg;efn] gofF ;+lawfg jgfpg'sf] ;§f pN6f] d'7e]8 dfq}
x'g] xf] eg] of] ;+lawfg;efsf] s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g . o;nfO{ la36g ug'{sf] csf]{
s'g} lasNk 5}g . To;}klg cj uf]? Jofpb}g . b'O{ rf/hgf g]tfx?sf] aLrdf ;xdlt
x'g} kg]{ clg dfq gofF ;+lawfg hf/L x'g] xf] eg] ;+lawfg;efsf] gfddf cjf}{ vr{
ug'{ kg]{ s'g} sf/0fg} lyPg . ;+lawfgn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] k|lqmofdf klg hfg gx'g]
clg ;xdlt klg gx'g] eg]kl5 t vfnL lsg oqf] gf6s ul//fVg] t <
Tof] eGbf t ;j}eGbf klxn] l9nf] gu/L of] ;+lawfg;efsf]
la36g ug'{k5{ . /fhgLlts ;xdltsf nflu ;+lawfg;efleq / jflx/ /x]sf bnx?sfaLrdf
5nkmn rnfO{g' k5{ . To;sf nflu g]skf–dfcf]jfbLn] eg]sf] h:tf] clwsf/ ;lxtsf]
uf]nd]r ;ef jf uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf ug{ ;lsG5 . To;}jf6 ;fy{stf cfpg ;Snf
.
olb ;+lawfg;efleq} dfq ;xdlt vf]Hg] xf] eg] klg Tof]
;xdlt ;j}sf nflu dfGo x'G5 eGg] s'g} Uof/]06L 5}g . ;+lawfg;efeGbf jflx/ /x]sf
bnx? klg 5g . pgLx?n] klg gofF ;+lawfgdf ckgTj kfpg' k5{ . olb pgLx?sf] ;xdlt
vf]lhPg eg] @)$& ;fnsf] ;+lawfg h:t} 3f]if0ff ePs} ef]nLkN6 cj cfpg]
;+lawfg ;d]t hNg ;S5 . oBkL @)$& ;fnsf] ;+lawfg hnfpg] Toltj]nfsf] g]skf
d;fnn] la:tf/} ;f]xL ;+lawfg dftxt /fHosf x/]s lgsfodf ;xeflutf hgfPsf] O{ltxf;
klg 5 t/ To:t} cj:yf cj klg xf]nf eg]/ cg'dfg ug'{ unt xf] . lsgeg] clxn]
;+lawfg;efleq} ltj| c;Gt'i6L 5, jflx/sfx?n] t ;+lawfg;efsf] æ;Æ ;Dd klg ;'Gg
rfx]sf 5}gg\ .
eP ;xdlt geP k|lqmof eg]/ cj of] b]zsf] cj:yf pef]
nfUg]jfnf 5}g . cj ;xdlt xf]nf, clg ;+lawfg jGnf / ;+lawfg;ef ;b:ox?n] u8\u8fx6
tfnLn] kfl/t unf{g eGg] s'/fdf hgtfn] laZjf; ug]{ cj:yf 5}g . ;+lawfg;efdfkm{t
;+lawfg lgdf{0f ug]{ @))& ;fnsf] lbNnL ;Demf}tfsf] ;kgf g]kfnL hgtfsf nflu
kmlnkmfk ePg eGg] a'em\g' jfx]s c? s'g} gofF s/f 5}g . e}n] g]kfnL hgtfn] b'O{
b'O{ k6s ;+lawfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf dtbfg ug{ kfP t/ of] ;+lawfg;ef a}+z 9n]sf] s'df/L
h:t} ePsf] 5, h;n] cj cfkm\gf] k|hgg\ If]dtfsf] pd]/ u'dfO{;s]sf] 5 .
To;}n] Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;d]t g/xg] u/L ;+lawfg;ef la36g
u/f}+ . ;+lawfg;ef la36g x'g] lalQs} of] ;/sf/ klg sfdrnfp ;/sf/sf ?kdf kl/0ft
x'G5 . sfd rnfp ;/sf/n] /fhgLlts ;xdltsf] k|of; u/f];, uf]nd]r ;ef jf ;Dd]ng
jf]nfcf]; . ;+lawfg;efdf xfn;Dd ePsf sfdsf/jfxLx?sf] jf/]df uf]nd]r ;efnfO{
hfgsf/L u/fO{of]; . To;kl5 lajflbt laifodf 5nkmn ul/of]; . lajflbt laifodf
;xdlt ePkl5 ePsf ;xdlt / xfn;Dd ;+lawfg;efn] u/]sf sfdx? ;dfj]z u/L ;+lawfgsf]
d:of}bf jgfpg] u/L sfg'glab\x?sf] ;ldlt jgfO{of]; . pQm ;ldltn] jgfPsf] d:of]bf
/fo ;'emfj ;+sngsf nflu hgtfdf k7fO{of]; / hgtfjf6 /fo;'emfj cfPkl5 ;+lawfgnfO{
cGtLd ?k lbO{of]; . cGtLddf /fi6«k|d'vjf6 gofF ;+lawfg 3f]if0ff ul/of]; . of]
;j} sfd ubf{ub}{ @)&@ h]7 !% ut];Dd ;do hfG5 eg] klg l7s}5 . ;ft jif{ t
xfdLn] emu8f ubf{ub}{ latfO{ ;Sof}+ eg] yk ^ dlxgfn] cfsfz} v:g]jfnf 5}g .
To;}klg tLg 7'nf bnx?n] bf]>f] ;+lawfg;ef lgjf{rgkl5
klxnf] k6s ;+lawfg;efsf] a}7s j;]sf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq gofF ;+lawfg hf/L ug]{
elg u/]sf] k|ltj4tf k'/f x'g g;s]sf sf/0f pgLx?sf] laZj;gLotf yk v:s]sf] 5 .
c:t' .
df]km;n kqsfl/tf
xfdL dbf{kbf{ klg kqsf/ ;fyLx?nfO{ ;lDemG5f}+
dLg 7s'/L -cWoIf_
k|]; rf}tf/L g]kfn, s}nfnL
tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/ro kfpF g <
— d]/f] gfd dLg 7s'/L xf] . 3/ skNn]sL uflj;–! 8f]6L .
xfn d wgu9L gu/kflnsf–% df a:b} cfPsf] 5' .
tkfO{n] lsg kqsfl/tf k]zf /f]Hg' eof] <
— ;fg} 5Fbf ddf /]l8of]df ;dfrf/ ;'Gg] afgL lyof] .
kqsfl/tf eg]sf] ;dfh ;]jf xf] . of] k]zfdf k};f gePklg dfg ;Ddfg 5 . kqsf/ ag]/
ufpF 7fpFsf ;d:of lhNnf, s]Gb|;Dd
k'¥ofO{ ;DalGwt lgsfosf] Wogfsif{0f ug'{sf ;fy} gful/s ;dfhsf] cu'jfsf ?kdf
lrgfpg of] k]zf /f]h]sf] x'F . ;dfhdf /x]sf ljs[lt / lj;+ult x6fpg klg xf] .
slt ;do eof] o; k]zfdf nfu]sf] <
— d s}nfnL SofDk;df k9\b} ubf{ @)%& ;fnb]lv of]
k]zfdf nf]usf] x'F . clxn] kqsfl/tf u/]sf] !$ jif{ hlt eof] .
s:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <
— df]km;ndf /x]/ sfd ug]{ kqsf/n] ;a} ljifo j:t'df /x]/
n]Vg'k5{ . /fhwfgL h:tf] la6 kqsfl/tf df]km;ndf 5}g\ . t/ klg clxn] d ;fdflhs,
cfly{s / jftfj/0f ;DaGwL vf]h cg';Gwfgd"ns kqsfl/tf ub}{ cfPsf] 5' .
Pstfsf d lzIffsf w]/} ;dfrf/ n]Vg] kqsf/df ulgGy] . @)^* ;fndf d}n] lzIff ljefu
/ g]kfn kqsf/dxf ;+3af6 If]qLo k'/:sf/af6 k'/:s[t ePkl5 Tof] la6df /x]/ vf;}
n]Vb}g\ .
Ps kqsf/ eP/ cfO{kg]{ ;d:ofx? s] s] b]Vg' ePsf] 5 <
— kqsf/ ;dfhsf P]gf x'g\ . kqsf/n] h] b]V5 ToxL n]Vg'k5{
eGg] d]/f] dfGotf xf] . To;sf/0f kqsf/ hlxn] klg ;dfh / /fi6«k|lt akmfbf/
x'g'k5{ . To;}n] xf] gful/sn] klg kqsf/k|lt cfzf / e/f]zf /fv]sf] x'G5 . olt
x'FbfxF'b} klg kqsf/ dfyL ljleGg vfn] ;d:of cfOnfu]sf pbfx/0f w]/} 5g\ . k]zfut
;d:of t 5Fb}5g\ . To;dfly cfqmd0f emg\
;d:of xf] . sd cfDbfgL, w]/} cfjZostf csf]{ ;d:of . 3/ kl/jf/sf cfjZostf
kl/k"lt{ ug{ g;Sg'n] emg kL8fbfoL dxz'; x'g] u/]sf] 5 . Pp6f kqsf/ hlxn]
klg /fd|f] ;dfrf/sf] vf]hLdf x'G5 . /fd|f] ;dfrf/ e]l6Pg eg] b'vL x'G5 .
df]km;n} ePklg s}nfnL h:tf] Jo:t / lasl;t lhNnfjf6
kqsfl/tf ub}{ x'g'x'G5, /fd|} xf]nf lg, xf]O{g <
— ha d}n] kqsfl/tf @)%& ;fnaf6 ;'? u/], Tolta]nf
wgu9Ldf clxn]sf h:tf 5\ofK5\ofKtL klqsf, PkmPd lyPgg\ . wgu9Laf6 ;]tL ;dfrf/,
g]kfn 6fOD; b}lgs klqsf lgl:sGy] eg] dx]Gb|gu/af6 cleofg / kmf/j]i6 6fOD; klqsf
lgl:sGy] . tL rf/j6f klqsfsf] ahf/ wgu9L lyof] . Toltv]/ afOnfOg ;dfrf/ cfP
k|km'Nn x'Gy] . k};f kfpg' t sxfF xf] sxfF . /fli6«o kqklqsfsf rf/ j6f lyP . tL
;a} klqsfsf l/kf]6{/ wgu9Ldf lyP . clxn] t ;dfrf/ n]Vg ghfGg] klg ;'?jftd} kfFr
xhf/ hlt tna wgu9Ldf kfO/x]sf 5g\ . d}n] t kfFr jif{kl5 dfq k};f kfpg yfn]sf]
x'F .
s}nfnLsf] kqsfl/tf lasf;sf] cj:yf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5
<
— tkfOn] eg] h:tf] clxn] s}nfnL ;'b"/klZrdd}
cu|:yfgdf cfpF5 . df]km;nsf] xaeGbf klg x'G5 . cfly{s ultlalwsf] zx/ wgu9L xf]
. t/ clxn] s}nfnLdf dfq} !% eGbf a9L b}lgs klqsf 5g\ . @% a9L ;fKtflxs /
lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf u/L !* hlt PkmPd /]l8of] ;+rfngdf 5g\ . t/ kqsf/sf b'Mv
k'/fg} 5g\ . sfd u/]kl5 ;dodf tna kfOGg . afFRg t ;a} afFr]s} 5g\ . ;dfrf/ n]Vg
ghfGg]x? klqsf ;~rfng ug{ yfN5g\ . tflndx? Kflg oxL lhNnfdf ePsf ePs} x'G5g\ .
;+Vof t kqsf/sf] w]/} 5 . t/ n]Vg] kqsf/ sd 5g\ . n]Vg]x? cf]em]ndf 5g\ .
kl5Nnf] ;dodf ljsf; t ePsf], ahf/ a9]sf] 5, ;+Vof a9]sf] 5 t/ kqsfl/tfsf] u'0ffTdstf v:sb} uPsf] 5
. ljZj;gLotfdfyL k|ZglrGx nfUb} cfPsf] 5 . k9\b} gk9]sfx? Kflqsfsf rnfO{x/]sf
5g\ . æs]lx sfd gkfPkl5 kqsf/ aGof]Æ eGg] cf/f]k nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . tkfO{ g}
eGg'; To;nfO{ s] eGg] <
df]km;n kqsfl/tfsf r"gf}tLx? s] s] x'g h:tf] nfU5
tkfO{nfO{ <
— df]km;ndf kqsfl/tfsf r'gf}tL w]/} g} 5g\ . d}n] dfly g}
elg;s] . sfd u/]kl5 ;dodf tna kfOGg . kfOPklg >dhLlj P]gn] tf]s]eGbf klg
lgs} sd 5 . kqsfl/tfsf Joj;flostf;Fu} ef}lts ;'/Iff klg r'gf}tLsf ?kdf b]vf
k/]sf] 5 . ;fwg;|f]tsf] cefj klg 5 . ;]jf;'ljwf 5}g\ . cfly{s cefjdf kqsf/
knfog x'g yfn]sf 5g\ .
df]km;n kqsfl/tfsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s:tf
lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{ <
— ;/sf/n] ;dfg'kflts lj1fkg k|0ffnL nfu" ug'{k5{ .
Pp6f lj1fkg /fli6«odf lbFbf nfvf}+sf] x'G5, ToxL lj1fkg :yfgLodf xhf/ klg
k'Ub}g\ . nf]s sNofsf/L lj1fkg a9fpg'k5{ . ljdfsf] Joj:yf ug'k¥of] . x/]s
s'/fdf ljz]if 5'6 lbg'k¥of] lg < clg dfq df]km;nsf] ;d:of s]xLb;Dd ;dfwfg
x'G5 h:tf] nfU5 .
df]km;ndf sfo{/t kqsf/x?sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn
kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5
<
— ljutdf eGbf clxn] s]xL ;'wf/ ePsf] kfPsf] 5' . ph'/L /
u'gf;f cfPdf dfq} dxf;+3n] PS;g lng] u/]sf] 5 . t/ h;/L ug'{kg]{ xf] Tof] ePsf]
5}g\ . s]xL d'4f p7fg ePsf 5g\ . t/ To;sf] sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5}g\ . o;sf nflu klg
dxf;+3n] ljz]if e"ldsf v]Ng h?/L 5 . ;d:of w]/} 5g\ .
tkfO{ cfkm} k|]; rf}tf/L g]kfn s}nfnL lhNnf cWoIf
x'g'x'G5, df]km;nsf ;~rf/dfWod / ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] xs lxtsf nflu kqsf/x?sf a}rfl/s
;+u7gx?sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <
— xf] d clxn] k|]; rf}tf/L g]kfn s}nfnLsf] lhNnf cWoIf 5'
. oxfF ;~rflnt ;~rf/ u[xdf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf w]/} ;d:of 5g\ . k|]; rf}tf/L cGo
a}rfl/s ;+u7geGbf dfly g} 5 . lqmoflzn kqsfl/tfdf xfd|f] ;+u7gsf ;fyLx?
cl3 5g\ . ;~rf/sdL{sf] xslxtsf nflu
hlt k|]; rf}tf/Ln] cfkm\gf] e"ldsf lgaf{x ub}{ cfPsf] 5 To;sf] avfg d}n]
u/]/ x'Fb}g\ . :jo+ ;fyLx?n] unf{g . k|]; rf}tf/Ln] PS;g lnPdf dfq} cGo ;+u7gn]
PS;gn lng] u/]sf 5g\ .
d Pp6f pbfx/0f dfq} eG5',
hf]/fon a; b'3{6gfdf s}nfnLdf sfo{/t cfly{s kqsf/ s0f{ zfxLsf] lgwg eof] . pgL
s;} ;+u7gl;t cfj4 lyPgg\ . d]/} cu'jfOdf rf/ hgf ;fyLx? ldn]/ cfly{s ;+sng ug]{
sfo{ u¥of+} / rf/ lbgd} em08} b'O{ nfv ?k}ofF ;+sng u/]/ kl/jf/nfO{ lbof}+ .
kl5 afWo eP/ kqsf/ dxf;+3n] klg Tof] cleofgdf ;xof]u u¥of] . t/ s}nfnL / cGo
lhNnfsf qmflGtsf/L, o'lgogsf ;fyLx?n] ;xof]u u/]gg\ . g t kbLo ?kdf e"ldsf
lgjf{x u/]sf ;yfLx?n] ;xof]u u/] . d}n] eGg vf]h]sf] s] xf] eg] xfdL dbf{kbf{
klg kqsf/ ;fyLx?nfO{ ;lDemG5f}+ .
tkfOs+f] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <
— kqsfl/tf ;dfhsf] P]gf cyjf jfr8u xf] . h] ePsf] 5 Tof]
5n{Ë b]vfOlbg] xf] .
k|;+u yf]/} df]8f}+, df3 * ut] gofF ;+lawfg cfpg g;Sg'sf]
sf/0f s] xf] h:tf] nfU5 tkfO{nfO{ <
— efua08sf] /fhgLltsf sf/0fn] ;+ljwfg ag]g\ . h; ckh;
kfOg]n] klg xf] ls <
slxn];Dd jGnf gofF ;+lawfg <
Tof] /fhgLlt ug]{nfO{ yfxf xf]nf . dnfO{ yfxf 5}g\ . t/
klg ;r]t gful/s ePsf sf/0f ;+ljwfg t'?Gt aGg'k5{ eG5' d .
cGTodf s]xL eGg dg nfu]sf] 5 <
— ;w} csf{sf] cGt/jftf{ lng] dfG5], tkfO{sf] nf]slk|o
klqsf laDa ;fKtflxsdf dnfO{ d]/f] ljrf/ /fVg] 7fpF lbg'eof], To;sf nflu
tkfO{nfO{ wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . hGd 3/ 8f]6L ePsf] x'gfn] 8f]6Ld} a;]/ kqsfl/ttf
ug]{ /x/ nfu]sf] 5 . o;sf nflu d}n] b}lgs klqsfsf] ahf/ s] 5 eg]/ g]kfn kqsf/
dxf;+3sf k"j{ lhNnf cWoIf 6]s]Gb| b]pjf, clxn]sf cWoIf dLg ad, tkfO{ nufot
l;lgo/ ;fyLx?;Fu 5nkmn ub}{ cfPsf] 5' . lsgeg] 8f]6Ldf Ps klg b}lgs klqsf 5}g\
. ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf sf/0fn] klg xf]nf .
nf]s;]jfsf] tof/Lsf nflu pkof]uL
!_ 86k]gsf] cljisf/ s;n] u/]sf x'g\ <
— hf]g h]= nfp8
@_ g]kfn 6]lnsdn] slxn]b]lv lk|k]8 df]afOn ;]jf k|f/De
u/]sf] xf] <
— lj=;+= @)^$ c;f/ @#
#_ lrofdf s'g ljiffn' Iff/Lo tTj x'G5 <
— 6]lg;
$_ v'§fdf lhj|f] x'g] hLj s'g xf] <
— k'tnL
%_ dflg;n] ;a}eGbf l56f] ug{ ;Sg] sfd s'g xf] <
— cfFvf lemDsfpg'
^_ lha|f]sf] leqL efun] s'g :jfb yfxf kfpF5 <
— tLtf]
&_ dflg; :jYo /xg slt k|sf/sf le6fldg vfg' k5{ <
— !# k|sf/sf
*_ ;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf a9L ;g{] /f]u s'g xf] <
— ?3fvf]sL
(_ e'6fgsf] /fli6«o Po/nfoG;sf] gfd s]–xf] <
— 8's Po/
!)_ ofxF'sf ;+:yfks sf]–sf] x'g\ <
— 8]lj8 lkmnf] / h]/L ofË
!!_ ;g\ @)!@ sf] o/f] sk km'6ansf] pkfwL s'g b]zn] lhTof]
<
— :k]g
!@_ c;+nUg /fi6«sf] !& ;Dd]ng s'g /fi6«df ;g\ @)!% df
cfof]hgf x'Fb}5 <
— e]g]h'onf
!#_ c:6«]lnofdf lgj{frgdf dt gv;fn]df slt hl/jfgf
ltg{'k5{ <
— $ 8n/
!$_ ;g\ @)!@ df nG8g cf]nlDksdf g]kfnL 6f]nLsf] g]t[Tj
ub{} dfr{ kf;df g]kfnsf] emG8f s'g v]nf8Ln] af]s]sf lyP <
— k|l;4hË /f0ff
!%_ ljlrq gfdsf]
u'kmf s'g lhNnfdf cjl:yt 5 <
— u'NdL
!^_ g]kfndf uB
sljtfsf] z'?jft ug{} ;flxTosf/ sf] x'g\ <
— uf]kfn k|;fb l/dfn
!&_ ljZjdf
;a}eGbf k'/fgf] /fhtGq ePsf] d"n's s'g xf] <
— hfkfg
!*_ eujfg uf}td a'4sf] d[To'kZrft\ af}4 wd{sf] af/]
n]lvPsf] klxnf] u|Gy s'g xf] <
— d"n ;jf{l:t ljgo
!(_ n]jgfgL
efiffdf ælxha'NnfxÆ eg]sf] s] xf] <
— O{Zj/sf] kf6{L
@)_ ;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] sDKo'6/ ;ˆ6j]o/ pTkfbs
sDkgL s'g xf] <
— dfOqmf];ˆ6 skf]{/]zg
@!_ ;"o{u|x0f
/ rG›u|x0f s'gs'g lsgf/faf6 nfUg ;'? ub{5 <
— ;"o{u|x0f klZrdaf6 / rG›u|x0f k"j{jf6
@@_ nf]6;–!@# s];Fu ;DaGwLt 5 <
— sDKo'6/
@#_ cNj6{ cfOG:6fOgnfO{ s'g b]zsf] /fi6«klt x''g cfu|x
ul/Psf] lyof] <
— Oh/fon
@$_ k|f0fL ljsfzsf l;4fGtnfO{ ;a}eGbf klxn] k|fdfl0fs
?kdf s;n] JofVof u/]sf] dflgG5 <
— rfN;{ 8fla{g
@%_ cGt/fli6«o :t/sf] æUnf]jn %))Æ k'/:sf/ kfpg] k|yd
g]kfnL sf] x'g\ <
— s[i0fs'df/ kf08]
@^_ k[YjLsf] ulteGbf k/df0f' 38L slt ;don] rnfv /x]sf] 5
<
— )=( ;]s]G8
@&_ sdn km"nsf] cfsf/ ePsf] gf6s b]vfpg ck]/f 3/
s'g b]zsf] s'g zx/df 5 <
— c:6«]lnofsf] l;8\gL
;flxTo÷;[hgf
cfTdxTof
nIo k"/f x'g g;Sbf
d}n] cfTdxTof u/]sf] eP
d s;}sf] klt aGg] lyOg
d]/f] lax] x'g'k¥of] eGb}
et]/ vf]Hg]x?sf]
OR5f g} etfe'+u x'g] lyof]
pgLx?sf] awfO{
d}n] yfKg kfpg] lyOg
d}n] cfTdxTof u/]/
d/]sf] eP
7"nf] kfk u/] h:tf]
;DemGy] pgLx?
cfTdxTof u/]/
d/]sf] eP
d]/f ;[hgfx?
;w}Fel/sf] lglDt
aGb x'g] lyPF
cfh d olt w]/} v';L 5'
afFr]/ sljtf n]Vg kfpFbf v]l/
la;]{/ eP klg
cfTdxTof u/]sf] eP
d]/f] la;f{On]
s;}sf] l;pFbf]af6
l;Gb'/ em/fpg] lyof]
c?0faxfb'/ vqL ægbLÆ
;"rgf÷;Gb]z÷la1fkg
lzIfs cfjZostf ;DjlGw ;"rgf
k|sflzt ldlt M– @)&!÷!)÷!!
8f]6L lhNnf
nfgfs]bf/]Zj/ uflj; j8f g+= % /Gtf]nfdf /x]sf] o; >L s]bf/]Zj/ pRr dfWoflds
laBfnodf tklzn cg';f/sf] l/Qm kbdf v'nf
k|ltof]lutfåf/f kbk'lt{ ug'{ kg]{ ePsf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf, O{R5's g]kfnL
gful/sx?jf6 of] ;"rgf k|sfl;t ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq b/vf:t cfAxfg ul/G5 .
tkl;n
la1fkg g+=
)!÷)&!÷)&@
!= kb M– lzIfs,
laifo M– ul0ft
tx M–pRr dfWoflds -cg'bfg_
;+Vof M– ! hgf
z}lIfs of]Uotf M– ;DjlGwt laifodf
:gftsf]Q/ jf ;f] ;/x / df=la= txsf] :yfoL cWofkg cg'dltkq ePsf] .
@= kb M– lzIfs
tx M– dfWoflds
laifo M– cªu|]hL
b/jGbL M– /fxt
s/f/, ;+Vof M– ! hgf,
z}lIfs of]Uotf M–;DjlGwt
laifodf :gfts jf ;f] ;/x / :yfoL cWofkg cg'dltkq ePsf] .
k|fyldstf M– cg'elj,
;Ifd tyf of]Uo AolQmnfO{
pd]/ M– !* jif{
k'/f eO{ $) ggf3]sf]
cj]bg b:t'/ M– ?= !%,))
dfq
k/LIffsf] lsl;d M– lnlvt
/ cGt/jftf{
;Dk{s ldlt M–@)&!÷!)÷@&
ut]
k/LIff ldlt M– lhNnf
lzIff sfof{no 8f]6L;+u ;dGjo u/L kl5 tf]lsg]5 .
cfaZos sfuhft M–g]kfnL
gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk # k|lt, z}lIfs of]Uotfsf k|df0f kqx?, # k|lt, tflnd k|fKt
eP ;f]sf] k|df0fkq k|ltlnlk, x:tlnlvt lgj]bg
gf]6 M–
pDd]bjf/n] cGt/jftf{df ;Ssn k|df0f kq ;lxt pkl:yt x'g'kg]{5 . Dofb gfF3L tyf
l/t gk'uL cfPsf lga]bg pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g .
lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, 8f]6L
;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&!÷!)÷!#
;"rgf Û ;"rgf ÛÛ ;"rgf ÛÛÛ
rfn' cf=j= @)&!÷)&@ df lhNnf cgf}krfl/s lzIff
;ldltsf] ldlt @)&!÷*÷!& ut]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ tkl;nsf ufla;x?df
;fIf/f]Q/ lzIff sIff ;~rfng x'g] ePsf]n] pQm sIff ;~rfng ug{ rfxfg] O{R5's
;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb|x?n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq tkl;n
jdf]lhdsf sfuhftx? ;lxtsf] k|:tfjgf o; sfof{nodf k]z ug{ x'g ;DjlGwt ;j}sf]
hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .
tkl;n
sfo{qmd ;~rfng x'g] ufla;x?
cfjZos sfuhftx? M
!= ;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb|sf] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ;DjlGw
k|:tfjgf
@= ;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb| glas/0f ul/Psf] k|df0fkqsf]
k|ltlnkL
#= :yfgLo ;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb|nfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{g]5 .
k'gZr
M sIff ;~rfng ug]{ / cg'udg lgsfo km/s x'g] ePsf]n] ;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb|n] s'g
sfo{ ug]{ xf] k|:tfjgfdf :ki6 pNn]v ug'{ kg]{, cGoyf 5gf}6df kg{ g;Sg] Joxf]/f
;d]t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf]
hgzlQm cfjZostf ;DaGwL ;"rgf
;"rgf kf6Ldf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldltM
@)&!÷!)÷!$
g]kfn ;/sf/ / lkmgNof08 ;/sf/sf] ;+o'Qm ;xof]udf o;
lhNnfsf 5kfnL, lu/Lrf}sf, sfgfrf}/, s]bf/cv8f, l;drf}/, rj/frf}tf/f /
dxfb]j:yfg uf=lj=;= x?df ;~rfngdf /x]sf] u|fdL0f hn>f]t Joj:yfkg
kl/of]hgfsf] bf]>f] r/0f cGt/ut ;d'bfo:t/df ;+rfng ePsf hn>f]t ljsf;
;DalGw sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjogdf ;xhLs/0f ug{ cfufdL @)&@ cfiff9 d;fGt;Ddsf
nflu tkl;nsf] kbdf k/fdz{bftfsf] ?kdf /xL sfd ug{ OR5's ;]jf k|bfos AolStsf]
cfjZostf ePsfn] ldlt @)&! ;fn kf}if @! ut] ;"rgf k|sfl;t u/L b/vf:t
cfJxfg ul/Psf]df tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq lgwf{l/t sfo{cg'ej k'u]sf b/vf:tx? kg{
gcfPsf]n] @)&! Dff3 @* ut]leq lgDgfg';f/ of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's g]kfnL
gful/sx?n] o; sfof{nosf] /fh:j zfvfaf6 ? $)).– lt/L pknAw u/fO{g] j}olQms
ljj/0f kmf/fd (Bio-data) e/L lgj]bg ;d]t lhlj;sf] sfof{nodf sfof{no ;doleq
a'emfpg' x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . lga]bgsf ;fydf lga]bssf] z}lIfs
of]Uotf Pjd\ cg'ejsf k|df0fkqx?sf k|ltlnlk, gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk, b:t'/ lt/]sf]
/l;b ;+nUg u/L xfn]}sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] @ k|lt kmf]6f] /fvL vfd aflx/ kb /
lj1fkg g+= k|i6 ?kdf pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 .
la1fkg g+=
)#÷)&!÷)&@
kb M ;j OlGhlgo/ -Sub Engineer_
cfaZos ;+Vof M ! hgf
-k"0f{sfnLg_
cfjZos z}lIfs of]Uotf / cg'ej M dfGotfk|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 l;len OlGhlgol/Ë ljifodf
k|df0f kq÷l8Knf]df pQL0f{ ePsf] / hn>f]t ljsf; lqmofsnfkx?sf] ;e]{If0f,
l8hfOg tyf lgdf{0f ;'kl/j]If0fdf slDtdf b'O{ jif{sf] sfof{g'ej k|fKt .
gf]6 M
!=pDd]bjf/ ;d'bfod} /xL, ;d'bfosf nflu sfd ug{ O{R5's,
zf/Ll/s ?kdf :j:y, tGb'?:t, /fhg}lts ?kdf t6:y, g}lts cfr/0f ePsf] x'g'kg]{ 5
Pjd\ ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnf;+u ;dGjo u/L
sfo{s|d ;~rfng ug]{ Ifdtf ePsf] x'g'kg]{ 5 .
@= ;+lIfKt ;"lr (Short Listing) df k/]sf lgj]bsx?nfO{ dfq
lnlvt tyf cGt/jftf{df ;dfj]z u/fOg] 5 . lnlvt tyf cGt/jftf{ ;DalGw ;"rgf
kl5 lhlj;sf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf dfq k|sflzt ul/g] 5 .
;+of]hs, k/LIff ;+rfng tyf cGt/jftf{ ;ldlt
;fTkm/L
ufpF lasf; ;ldlt, 8f]6L
ufpF lasf; ;ldltsf] ldlt @)&! df ;DkGg @#
cf}+ kl/ifb\åf/f kfl/t cfly{s jif{ @)&!÷)&@ sf] cfo Joo lja/0f
s_ cfDbfgL tkm{
!= k'FhLut tkm{ M !!!%)))÷–
@= ;~rfng tkm{ M $##)))÷–
v_ vr{ tkm{
c_ k"FhLut
!= ;ftkm/L ufla; / u|fdL0f hn>f]t Joj:yfkg kl/of]hgf -RVWRMP_ sf]
;dk"/s sf]if ?= @&%)))÷–
@= hgzlQm vr{ ?= !@))))÷–
#= ufla;:t/sf] tflnd vr{ ?= !#))))÷–
$= ufla;:t/Lo k|:t'tLs/0f uf]i7L ?= @%)))÷–
%= nlIft ;d"x tkm{
!= jfnjflnsftkm{ -!%Ü_ !@!)))÷–
— ufla;:t/Lo cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk ?= #))))÷–
— afnlasf; s]Gb|df z}lIfs ;fdu|L ?= ^))))÷–
— afnSnjsf] nflu g]t[Tj lasf; tflnd tyf ;Dk"0f{
vf]kd'ns sfo{qmdx? ?= #!@))÷–
@= dlxnftkm{ -!)Ü_ ?= *)*))÷–
— dlxnf :jf:Yo ;'wf/sf] nflu kf]if0f sfo{qmd ? *)*))÷–
#= blnt÷ckfË÷h]i7 gful/s tkm{ -!)Ü_ ?= *)*))÷–
!= blnt Pstf ejgsf] nflu hldg ;Dofpg] ?= %$)))÷–
@= ckfËsf] nflu kl/rokq lgdf{0f ?= @))))÷–
#= h]i7 gful/s ;Ddfg ?= ^*))÷–
$= s[lif If]q tkm{ -!%Ü_ ?= !@!@))÷–
!= 3/ au}rf Joj:yfkg tyf uf]7]dn ;'wf/ ?= %))))÷–
@= vf]/ ;'wf/ tyf kz' cf}ifwL v/Lb ?= %!@))÷–
#= s[lif pkh ;+sng s]Gb| lgdf{0f ? @))))÷–
%= cGo tkm{
!= v'Nnf lbFzfd'Qm 3f]if0ff sfo{qmd ?= !@#^$%÷–
@= V–WASH–CC ;b:ox?nfO{ k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{sfo{ nflu tflnd ?=
!)&)))÷–
#= ufla; ejg dd{t ?= @))))÷–
$= If]dtf clea[l4 tflnd ?=!))))÷–
%= 6]ln;]06/sf] ;fdfg 9'jfgL ?=!&)))÷–
^= ;fTkm/L :jf:Yo rf}sL vfg]kfgL dd{t ?= !)))))÷–
&= a}Í km/kmf/s lkmtf{ ?= #@%(÷–
*= sG6]Gh]G;L -$Ü_ ?= @^#%%÷–
cf_ ;~rfng tkm{
!= sfof{no ;xof]uL tnj ?= !^*&$)÷–
@= sfof{no ;xof]uL sNof0f sf]if ?= !^*&$÷–
#= k|flalws ;xfos ?= *))))÷–
$= b}lgs e|d0f eQf ?= ^))))÷–
%= kl/ifb\ vr{ ?= !%)))÷–
^= ;~rf/ vr{ ?= !))))÷–
&= n]vf k/LIf0f ?= !))))÷–
*= k|f]T;fxg eQf ?= @))))÷–
(= kmf]6f]skL tyf 5kfO{ vr{ ?= !@)))÷–
!)= a}7s tyf lrofkfg vr{ ?= !))))÷–
!!= O{nfsf kl/ifb\ %)))÷–
!@= sfof{no ;~rfng vr{ ?= !%@*÷–
Zjf;k|Zjf;
/f]u tyf lgdf]lgof ;DaGwL hfgsf/L
hf8f]sf] ;dodf ;fdfGotof ?3fvf]sL tyf Hj/f]n]
laleGg pd]/ ;d"xsf AolQmx? vf; u/L % aif{d'lgsf aRrfx? la/fdL x'g] ub{5g\
. Zjf;k|Zjf; /f]u eg]sf] gfs, sfg, 3fF6L tyf kmf]S;f]sf] gnL tyf kmf]S;f]df
;+qmd0f x'g' xf] . ?3fvf]sL nfUgf ;fy ;dod} pkrf/ x'g g;s] lgdf]lgof x'g ;S5 .
a[4 pd]/sf AolQmnfO{ bd tyf Zjf;k|Zjf;sf] ;d:of a9\g] x'G5 To;}n] ?3fvf]sL tyf
Zjf;k|Zjf; /f]uaf6 aRgsf nflu ;fawfgL ckgfcf}+ .
?3fvf]sL tyf lgdf]lgofsf nIf0fx?
dHj/f] cfpg' . dkftnf] l;Fufg aUg' d l56f] l56f] Zjf; km]g'{ dsf]vf xfGg' d Zjf; km]g{ ufx|f] x'g .
aRg] pkfox?
d vf]Sbf xflR5pF ubf{ ;kmf sk8f ?dfnn] gfs d'v
5f]Kg] u/f}+ d ;flas eGbf a9L cfdfsf] b'w v'jfpg] dkf]l;nf] tyf emf]n kbfy{
k|z:t dfqfdf lkpg] u/f}+ .
d Gofgf] n'uf nufpg] xftdf kGhf,
v'§fdf df]hf / 6fpsf]df 6f]kL nufpg] tyf nufO{ lbg] t/ gu'D;fpg] . d w'nf] / w'jfaf6
jfnaflnsfnfO{ hf]ufpg] .
d Hj/f] cfPsf] AolQmn] xfjf
gu'lD;Psf] xfjf cfjt hfjt ug]{ sf]7fdf /fvf}+ .
d 3/]n' pkrf/ cg';f/ l7s gePdf
pkrf/sf nfuL :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf n}hfpF .
d w]/} ;do 3/ aflx/ ga;f}+ .
d /ftL ;'Tbf v]/L 6fpsf]
n'sfP/ ;'Tg] u/f}+ .
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