बिम्ब नेपाली साप्ताहिक, मिति २०७३ साल असाेज १८ गते मंगलवार ।

s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/ yfxf kfpg] hgtfsf] clwsf/

g]kfn ;/sf/

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

d'Vo ;dfrf/

r/d oftgfkl5 cfTdxTof u/]sf] cfz+sf

efb| @ ut] g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;'b"/klZrd k[tgf d'Vofnodf cfTdxTof u/]sf ;}lgs xjNbf/ bLksjxfb'/ v8\sfn] Jof/]sdf lbO{Psf] oftgf ;xg g;s]/ cfTdxTof u/]sf] cfz+sf ul/Psf] 5 .

;fpg @! ut] ;]gfsf] ;'b"/klZrd k[tgf cGt/ut u?8bn u'Ndaf6 xltof/ x/fPkl5 ;]gfsf] cfGtl/s cg';Gwfgsf qmddf lbOPsf] zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s oftgf ;xg g;s]/ v8\sfn] cfTdxTof u/]sf] cfz+sf ul/Psf] xf] . v8\sfn] cfTdxTof ug'{ cl3 n]v]sf] …;';fO8 gf]6Ú df k[tgfleq eO/x]sf] s'6lk6 ;xg g;Sg] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] Joxf]/f pNn]v ul/Psf] ;}lgs ;|f]tn] hgfPsf] 5 .

x/fPsf] xltof/ vf]Hg ;]gfn] u7g u/]sf] …sf]6{ ckm OGSjfO/LÚ n] cg';Gwfg ul/–;s]kl5 c;f]h klxnf] ;ftf ;]gfs} cfu|xdf k|x/L 6f]nL ;'b"/klZrd k'u]sf] lyof] . x/fPsf] elgPsf] P;dPhL -;6 d]l;g ug_ k|x/L cg';Gwfg rln/x]s} a]nf c;f]h & df k[tgfs} u]6 gDa/ @ glhs}sf] sfkdf e]l6Psf] lyof] .

k|x/L k|jQmf l8cfOhL x]dGt dNnn] k|x/L 6f]nL sf7df08f}+af6 lbkfon uPsf] k'li6 u/]sf 5g . pgn] k|x/L clws[tsf] 6f]nL lbkfon k7fPO{sf] / yk cg';Gwfg  ljj/0f cfpg afFsL /x]sf] jtfpb} d'Vo sfd xltof/ vf]Hg] k"/f ePsf] jtfP .

cfTdxTofkl5sf] cg';Gwfg k|x/Ln] hf/L /fv]sfn] o; ljifodf ;]gfnfO{ hfgsf/L gx'g] ;}lgs k|jQmf tf/faxfb'/ sfsL{n] atfP . pgn] ;';fO8 gf]6sf ljifodf ;d]t k|x/Ln] cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] atfP . 36gf:ynsf] d'r'Nsfb]lv kf]:6df6{d;Dd ;a} k|x/Ln]    u/]sf]n] ;j} s'/f cfkm'x?nfO{ yfx gePsf] sfsL{n] eg] .

k|x/L 6f]nLn] 36gfsf lbgsf] sn l86]n / nf]s];g dfu u/L ;]gfsf kfFr hgfsf ultljlw z+sf:kb\ /x]sf] lgZsif{ lgsfn]sf] lyof] . cg';Gwfgsf] lgrf]8df k'u]sf] elgPsf] /ft g} x/fPsf] xltof/ / uf]nLuÝf e]l6Psf] lyof] . …xfdLn] Ps hgfsf] 6]:6 g]u]l6e kfPsf lyof}+, ef]ln tflndk|fKt s's'/ v6fpg] eg]s} /flt xltof/ e]l6Psf] xf]Ú cg';Gwfgdf vl6Psf Ps ;'/Iff clwsf/Ln] eg] . cg';Gwfgdf u0fs} s'g} JolQmn] xltof/ n'sfPsf] b]lvPkl5 k|x/Ln] cg';Gwfg k4lt nfO{ k|ljlwdf s]lG›t u/]sf] lyof] . ;]gfsf hflu/]n] lsg xltof/ n'sfP, a]Rg jf cGo s]xL k|of]hg xf] < o; laifodf cg';Gwfg eO{/x]sf] tL clwsf/Ln] eg] . ;|f]t cg';f/ ;]gfn] k|of]u ug]{ Ps yfg P;PdhL, b'O{ yfg nf]8]8 DoflUhg / ;of}+ yfg uf]nL x/fPsf] lyof] . ;]gfn] c;f]h & ut] lj1lKt lgsfn]/ x/fPsf] xltof/ / uf]nLu¶f k[tgfsf] @ gDa/ u]6glhs} kl/;/leq} e]l6Psf] hgfPsf] lyof] .

;}lgs xjNbf/n] cg';Gwfg bafa ;xg g;s]/ cfTdxTof u/]sf] cf/f]ksf] ;]gfn] v08g u/]sf] 5}g . xjNbf/ v8\sfsf ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] ;]gfn] atfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . cfTdxTof u/]sf xjNbf/ v8\sfsf] zj ;~rf/sdL{x?nfO{ x]g{ lbO{Psf] lyPg . v8\sfsf] zj kf]i6df6{d ubf{ g]kfnL ;]gf / g]kfn k|x/Lsf] s8f ;'/Iff 3]/fdf 8f]6L c:ktfndf ul/Psf] lyof] . ;}lgs k|jQmf ;xfos /yL tf/faxfb'/ sfsL{n] k|x/L;Fu /x]sf k|ljlw / bIf hgzlQmsf] cg';Gwfgdf k|of]u ul/Psf] atfP .

Ao'/f]sf l8cfOhL gj/fh l;njfnn] 36gfsf ljifodf s]xL atfpg rfx]gg\ . pgn] k|x/L k|wfg sfof{nosf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ Ao'/f]sf s]xL clwsf/L cg';Gwfgdf vl6Psf] hfgsf/L  dfq cfkm";Fu /x]sf] atfP . Ao'/f];|f]tsf cg';f/ P;kL lbj]z nf]xgL g]t[Tjdf cg';Gwfg 6f]nL lbkfon vl6Psf] xf] . o:t}, lbkfon k|x/L / ;'b"/klZrd k|x/Lsf] 6f]nL;d]t 36gf cg';Gwfgdf vl6Psf] 5 .

s]xL lbg cuf8L ;]gfn] la1KtL k|sfzg u/L laleGg ;~rf/dfWodsf cfPsf ;dfrf/x?k|lt ulDe/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] hgfPsf]  lyof] . xltof/ x/fPsf] laifodf 5fgljg eO{/x]sf] la1KtLdf hgfO{Psf] lyof] .

;DkfbsLo

/f;g xf]O{g, ;'zf;g b] ;/sf/

;/sf/n] s0ff{nLdf dfG5] hGdbfF / dbf{ @) lsnf] rfdn lbg] lg0f{o u¥of], s0ff{nLaf;Ln] To;sf] la/f]w u/] . ;/sf/n] afh'/fdf rfdn k7fof], Tof] rfdndf 9'Ëf / slgsf ld;fO{Psf] kfO{of] . ;/sf/ /f;gd'vL sfd hlt ug{ vf]Hb}5 Toltg} a9L hgtf cfqmfds / cfqmf]l;t x'Fb}5g . To;}n] ;/sf/ hgtfn] /fzg dfu]sf] xf]O{g, Tof] /f;g k'Ug] zf;g klxn] dfu]sf] xf] . olb zf;g ;xL eof] eg] /fzg cfkm} cfpF5 ;/sf/ .

s0ff{nLsf hgtf @) lsnf] rfdn gkfP/ d/]sf 5}gg\ a? l;6fdf]n vfg gkfP/ d/]sf 5g . la/fdL x'Fbf c:ktfn;Dd cfpg oftfoftdf kx'Fr gx'Fbf d/]sf 5g . cfkm'n] pTkfbg u/]sf] kmnkm'n ahf/;Dd k'¥ofpg gkfP/ d/]sf 5g . afh'/fdf vfB ;+:yfngn] ;x'lnot b/df afF9\b} cfPsf] rfdn gkfP/ xf]O{g, ;8]sf], slgsf ld;fO{Psf], 9';L k/]sf], 9'Ëf ld;fO{Psf] rfdn vfP/ d/]sf 5g, 7luPsf 5g, df/df k/]sf 5g .

To;}n] ;/sf/ klxn] /fzgdf xf]O{g zf;g -;'zf;g_ df Wofg b] . olb zf;g /fd|f] x'G5 eg] w]/} s'/f x'G5 . To;sf nflu ;/sf/ kf/bzL{, hjfkmb]xL / pQ/bfoL aGg' k¥of] . ;/sf/sf tLga6} c+ux? kf/bzL{, hjfkmb]xL / pQ/bfoL x'g' k¥of] . s'zf;g gful/saf6 ePsf] xf]O{g, gLlh If]qaf6 klg ePsf] xf]O{g . xf], lglZrt ?kdf /fHo ;+oGqsf] sld;gvf]/L dfgl;stf a'em]/ hgtf / gLlh If]qn] klg efF8e}nf] ug]{ cfF6 u/]sf] 5 t/ o;sf] h8\ /fHo ;+oGq xf] . lbge/L s'/fP/ !) ?k}ofF lbPkl5 dfq} ;fFem sfd ul/lbg] /fHos} sd{rf/L x'g . lgdf{0f sfo{df k|ltzt tf]s]/ 3'; dfUg] /fHos} sd{rf/L x'g . Jofkf/LnfO{ s/ 5Ng l;sfpg] /fHos} sd{rf/L x'g . cfiff9 d;fGtdf ;/sf/L sfof{nox?af6} /sd p7fpg] ;/sf/L sd{rf/L x'g . ;jf/L ;fwgaf6 %) ?k}ofF dfu]/ 7'N7'nf b'3{6gf lgDTofpg] ;/sf/L k|x/L x'g ;/sf/ .

clg hgtfsf] bf]if sxfFg]/ xf] ;/sf/ < e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ug{sf nflu, clVtof/sf] b'?kof]u lgoGq0f ug{sf nflu jgfO{Psf ;+oGqx?n] tNnf] txsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ dfq} e|i6frf/L b]Vof] . h;sf] xftdf clVtof/Lg} 5}g p;n] clVtof/sf] b'?kof]u u/]sf] b]Vof] t/ h;n] g]tf, dGqL, Jofkf/LnfO{ ;fydf lnP/ e|i6frf/ ug]{, clVtof/sf] b'?kof]u ug]{ x}l;ot /fV5 To:tf sd{rf/Lx? slt k/] t clVtof/sf] r:dfdf <

k|x/Lsf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] cleo'QmnfO{ l/xf ug{ cfb]z ug]{ g]tf–dGqLx?, ltg} g]tf–dGqLx?sf] rfs/L ug]{ k|x/L–k|zf;gn] hgtfn] zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{df c;xof]u u¥of] eg]/ kmnfSg' b'ef{Uok"0f{ xf] ;/sf/ . cfiff9 d;fGtdf slt ;/sf/L sfof{nox?n] s'g s'g ;/sf/L sd{rf/LnfO{ sld;g 6qmfP / Tof] sld;g sxfFaf6 cfof] eGg] vf]hL ug]{ s'g} ;+oGq 5 ;/sf/ <

To;}n] ;'zf;g sfod ug{sf nflu ;j}eGbf klxn] cfkm\gf] ;+oGqdf ;'wf/ u/ ;/sf/ . ;'zf;g ePg eg] @) lsnf] rfdnsf] s'g} cy{ x'Fb}g . hgtfnfO{ @) lsnf] rfdn lsGg ;Sg] jgfpg' k¥of] ;/sf/ . ;S5f} eg] e|i6frf/Lx?sf] 5fglag u/, tx nufpF e|i6frf/Lx?nfO{, ;'zf;g sfod u/ . gq @) lsnf] rfdnn] ^) aif{ rNb}g ;/sf/ . ToxL ;8]sf], slgsf ld;fO{Psf], 9';L k/]sf] rfdn vfP/ s'g lbg hLjg hn gkfP/ Hofg u'dfpg' k5{ yfx 5}g, clg s] sf] @) lsnf] rfdnsf] cfz ug'{ ;/sf/ . To;}n] /fzg xf]O{g ;/sf/ ;'zf;g b] .

yk ;dfrf/

ef/t hfg]sf] tYofFs /flvg]

/f]huf/Lsf] l;nl;nfdf ef/t tyf t]>f] d'n's hfg]x?sf] tYofFs ufpF lasf; ;ldlt tyf gu/kflnsfn] /fVg] ePsf 5g .

8f]6Lsf :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L s[i0fk|;fb uf}tdn] ufla;x?nfO{ ef/t hfg]x?sf] tYofFs /fVg kqrf/ ul/;lsPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . lalxjf/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g ;DjlGw Ps sfo{qmddf :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L uf}tdn] ;f] s'/f jtfPsf x'g . pgn] eg] …ef/tdf hfg] g]kfnLx?sf] tYofFs clxn];Dd s'g} klg lgsfon] /fVg] u/]sf] 5}g, To;}n] g]kfnLx? slt ef/t hfG5g eGg] klg hfgsf/L x'Fb}g . xfdLn] ef/tdf hfg] g]kfnLx?sf] tYofFs /fVg] ;'?jft u/]sf 5f}+, o;df ;j}n] ;xof]u ug'{ k5{ .Ú

cbIf hgzlQm ef/t tyf t]>f] d'n'ddf uO{/x]sf] / ToxfF pgLx?n] sl7g Pj+ hf]lvdk"0f{ sfd ug'{ k/]sf] k|;+u pNn]v ub}{ uf}tdn] o'jfx?nfO{ ;Lkd'ns tflndx? lbg laleGg lgsfonfO{ cfu|x ;d]t u/] . ;fd'bflos lasf; s]Gb| 8f]6Ln] laleGg u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;xof]udf 8f]6L lhNnfsf !@ ufla;df ;~rfng ul//x]sf] æs[lif, :jf:Yo tyf a}slNks lhljsf]kfh{g k|j4{gÆ kl/of]hgf cGt/ut cfof]hgf ul/Psf] sfo{qmddf a}b]lzs /f]huf/nfO{ ;'/lIft jgfpg' kg]{ s'/fdf Wofg lbg' kg]{ laifodf rrf{ ul/Psf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf ef/t tyf t]>f] d'n'sdf hfg]x?sf nflu 8f]6Lsf] lbkfondf lg8\; g]kfn gfds u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] :yfkgf u/]sf] k/fdz{ s]Gb|nfO{ yk Jojl:yt jgfpg] / s}nfnLsf] ;xhk'/df k/fdz{stf{ /flvg] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . lhNnfaf6 ef/t tyf t]>f] d'n's hfg] sfdbf/x?nfO{ ofqf tyf lab]zdf a:bf ckgfpg' kg]{ ;ts{tfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] p2]Zosf ;fy k/fdz{ ;]jf pknJw u/fpg] jtfO{Psf] 5 .

;fd'bflos jgsf] gofF of]hgf

@)$& ;fndf u7g ePsf] yfknf ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] #$ aflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef cfO{tjf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

8f]6L lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf–# df /x]sf] ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] ;fwf/0f;efsf] cj;/df cfufdL sfo{of]hgf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 .

gofF of]hgf cg';f/ u/Lj tyf h]x]Gbf/ 5fq5fqfx? nfO{ 5fqa[lQ ljt/0f u/L k|flalws lzIff k9\gdf ;xof]u ul/g] 5 . …xfdLn] u/Lj tyf h]x]Gbf/ laBfyL{x?sf] klg k|flalws lzIffdf ;xh} kx'Fr xf];\ eGgsf nflu 5fqa[lQ ;xof]u ug]{ nIf /fv]sf 5f}+Ú ;ldltsf cWoIf gf/b dnf;Ln] eg] …o;sf nflu xfdLn] tof/L ul//x]sf 5f}+ .Ú cWoIf dnf;Ln] ;fd'bflos jgleq O{ltxf;sf] ?kdf /x]sf] afuvf]/ / tf]/L k]Ng] sf]n'sf] k'gMlgdf{0f ul/g] of]hgf /x]sf] jtfP . pgn] ;fd'bflos jgleq k|ltIffno / vfg]kfgL of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/;s]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpFb} agsf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{gdf hfg] pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ cf/fd ug{ ;lhnf] xf]; eGgsf nflu pQm k|ltIffno jgfO{Psf] jtfP .

;f] cj;/df ;ldltsL ;lrj od'gf dnf;Ln] ;d"xsf] laut Ps jif{sf] aflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sL lyO{g . o:t} sf]iffWoIf s0f{jxfb'/ dnf;Ln] cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# sf] tLg nfv !! xhf/ @( ?k}ofFsf] aflif{s cfo Joo laj/0f / cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷)&$ sf nflu tLg nfv $@ xhf/ kfFr ?k}ofF j/fj/sf] cg'dflgt cfo Joo laj/0f k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ;d"xsf] ;fwf/0f;efn] u/LjL lgjf/0f sf]if ;~rfng gLlt kfl/t u/]sf] 5 . ag P]g, @)$( nfu' x'g' eGbf k"j{ :yfgLo pkef]Qmfx? ldn]/ jgsf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g ub}{ cfPsf lyP .

;fwf/0f;efsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ lhNnf ag clws[t ab|Ls'df/ sfsL{n] yfknf ;fd'bflos jg 8f]6Ldf btf{ x'g] ;fd'bflos jgx?df klxnf] ePsf] jtfpFb} o; ;fd'bflos jgsf] pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] sfdgf u/] . pgn] eg] …agsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / ;b'kof]u ug]{ lhDd]jf/L tkfO{x?sf] xf], To;sf nflu lhNnf jg sfof{nojf6  s] ug{ ;lsG5, xfdL tof/ 5f}+ .

sfo{qmddf l;nu9L /]~hkf]i6sf k|d'v ;xfos jg clwsf/L ef]h/fh zdf{n] jg h+un lhpbf] 5Fbf dfq geO{ d/]kl5 klg sfd nfUg] ePsfn] ;j}n] jg hf]ufpg' kg]{ jtfP .

sfo{qmddf g]skf Pdfn]sf k"j{ cWoIf gf/b dnf;L, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3sf lhNnf cWoIf s[i0f dnf;L nufotsfn] z'esfdgf JoQm u/]sf lyP . 

a8fbz+} dof{lbt / Aojl:yt agfcf}+

a|x\df s'df/L O{Zj/Lo laZjlaBfno lbkfonsL ;~rflnsf hfgsLn] bz}+ / ltxf/nfO{ Aojl:yt / dof{lbt agfpg' kg]{df hf]8 lbPsL l5g .

bz}+ ltxf/sf] z'esfdgf cfbfg–k|bfg ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy laZjlaBfnon] cfof]hgf u/]sf] pgn] elgg\, …eujfgsf] gfddf kz'anL lbg'kg]{ cfjZos 5}g, kz'sf] klg k|f0f xf] . csf{sf] Hofg lnP/ xfdL slQsf] v'zL x'G5f}+ < xfd|f] cfTdf slQsf] v';L x'G5 <Ú pgn] eujfgsf] nflu Pp6f kmn sf6]/ /dfOnf] u/]klg x'g] atfO{g .

zlgaf/ 36:yfkgfsf lbg l;nu9Ldf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 8f]6L zfvfsf cWoIf ldg axfb'/ adn] …bz}+ ltxf/df /dfOnf] ug{ eGb} laleGg lsl;dsf dlb/f a]rlavg tyf ;]ag ug]{x?n] czflGt ePsf] jtfP . dlb/f lgoGq0fsf nflu ;DjlGwt lgsfon] Wofg lbg' kg]{ cWoIf adn] atfP .

8f]6L lhNnfsf kqsf/x?;+u z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg ub}{ bz}+ ltxf/df zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{ ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf] If]qaf6 kxn ug'{ kg]{df pkl:yt kqsf/x?n] wf/0ff AoQm u/]sf lyP .

36:yfkgf tyf ga/fqsf] klxn] lbg kqsf/ / a|Xd s'df/L O{Zj/L ljZj ljBfno ;fd'lxs ?kdf hd/f 5/]sf 5 .

k;ndf lrlgsf] d'No lgoGq0f

rfF8kj{sf] cj;/nfO{ Wofgdf /fVb} c;f]h ! ut]af6 ;'ky d"Nosf k;n ;~rfng ePkl5 wgu9Lsf] ahf/ d"Nodf k|efj k/]sf] 5 .                                                                                                                                                                                             

;'ky d"Nosf k;naf6 s]lx ;:tf]df lrgL / g"g laqmL x'g yfn]kl5 ahf/df klg lrgLsf] d"No 36]sf] xf] . ahf/df k|lt lsnf] *% ?k}ofFdf lrgL laqmL ljt/0f x'g] u/]sf]df xfn k|lt lsnf] *) df laqmL x'g yfn]sf] 5 . ;'ky d"Nosf k;ndf lrgL k|lt lsnf] &( ?k}ofF / g"g k|lt lsnf] !^ ?k}ofFsf b/n]  laqmL ljt/0f eO/x]sf] 5 .

;fN6 6«]l8Ë skf]{/]zgsf ;xfos dxfk|aGws s]zj k|;fb kf08]on] ;'ky d"Nosf] k;nn] ahf/ d"Nodf 7"nf] k|efj kf/]sf] atfP . pgn] clxn] ahf/df Jofkf/Lx?n] klg lrgLdf kfFr ?k}ofF 36fPsf] bfjL u/] . ;'ky d"Nosf] k;nn] ahf/ d"Nodf lgoGq0f ug{ d2t u/]sf] kf08]osf] egfO{ 5 .

jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf] lgb]{zgdf ;fN6 6«]l8Ë skf]{/]zgn] ;'b"/klZrdsf ^ 7fpFdf ;'ky d"Nosf] k;n ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . wgu9L, 6Lsfk'/, dx]G›gu/, lbkfon, a}t8Lsf] kf6g / 88]Nw'/fdf ;~rflnt k;naf6 g"g, lrgL laqmL ljt/0f eO/x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

;'ky d"Nosf] k;n ;~rfngn] t/fO{sf ahf/df d"No lgoGq0f / kxf8L lhNnfdf hgtfnfO{ 7"nf] /fxt ePsf] ;xfos dxfk|aGws kf08]osf] egfO 5 . …dxËf]df g"g, lrgL vl/b ug{' kg]{ jfWotf /xFb} cfPsf] kxf8L lhNnfsf hgtfnfO{ ;'ky d"Nosf] k;nn] 7"nf]       /fxt eof], pgn] eg]–…xfdL hgtfsf] cfjZostfg';f/ laqmL ljt/0f ug{ tof/ 5f}+ .Ú kxf8sf ahf/x?df ;j{;fwf/0fn] lrgLsf] k|lt lsnf] () b]lv !)) ?k}ofF ltg{' kb{5 . pgLx?n] ;'ky d"Nosf] k;ndf s]lx ;:tf]df ;fdfg vl/b ug{ kfOPsf] atfOPsf] 5 .

dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;d:of a9\b}

…klxn] klxn] t dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;d:of eGg] s]xL 5}g eGg] nfUYof] t/ clxn] cfP/ of] t las/fn ;d:of /x]5 eGg] nfUb}5 . o;sf] ;dod} ;dfwfgsf nflu k|of; ul/g' k5{, cGoyf o;n] dfgj :jf:Yodf w]/} hl6ntf Nofpg] 5 .Ú

8f]6L d'8]ufpF :jf:Yo rf}sLsf O{Grfh{ k|]d s7fotn] 8f]6Ldf dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;d:of ePsf JolQmx?sf] ;+Vof w]/} /x]sf] jtfPsf 5g . cfkm'n] @)%@ ;fndf l;PdP k9fO{ k'/f u/]sf] ePklg s/Lj @) jif{ kl5 dfq} dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;d:ofsf] af/]df hfgsf/L kfPsf] jtfpFb} pgn] eg] …dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;/sf/n] 7f]; of]hgf jgfpg' kg]{ jtfP .

;dfg kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| -l;8_ g]kfnn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;+usf] cGt/–lqmof sfo{qmddf 8f]6Ldf dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;d:of ePsf JolQmx?sf] ;+Vof a9]sf]df ;j}n] lrGtf JoQm u/]sf 5g . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no 8f]6Ldf :jf:Yo lg/LIfs /d]z dnf;Ln] ;/sf/n] !) aif{ klxn] dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;DjlGw gLlt kfl/t u/]sf] ePklg To;sf] sfof{Gjog x'g g;Sbf dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;d:ofsf af/]df ;/sf/L If]qaf6 vf;} sfd gePsf] jtfP . pgn] eg] …clxn] :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?df hfg] lgz'Ns cf}ifwLx?df kfFr k|sf/sf] cf}ifwL dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;d:of;+u ;DjlGwt 5, Tof] eGbf jfx]s c? s]xL ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g .Ú

l;8 g]kfnn] 8f]6L lhNnfsf tLg ufla;df dfgl;s :jf:Yo sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf]df wGojfb lbFb} dnf;Ln] of] sfo{qmd cGo ufla;x?df klg la:tf/ ug{ cfjZos /x]sf] jtfP . sfo{qmdsf clwsf+; ;xeflux?n] dfgl;s :jf:Yo sfo{qmd lhNnfe/L la:tf/ ug'{ kg]{ ;'emfj lbPsf lyP .

o'gfO{6]8 ld;g 6' g]kfnsf]  ;fem]bf/Ldf 8f]6Lsf ;fgfufpF, d'8]ufpF / d'8\e/fdf ;~rfng eO{/x]sf] kl/of]hgf cGt/ut :jf:YosdL{x?, dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsfx?, laBfnosf lzIfs–laBfyL{x?nfO{ dfgl;s :jf:Yo ;DjlGw tflnd lbg] u/]sf] l;8 g]kfnsf cWoIf z]/jxfb'/ dNnn] jtfP . pgn] :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?df k/fdz{ ;]jf ;~rfng ePsf] / s]xL cf}ifwL ;d]t :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?nfO{ pknJw u/fPsf] jtfP .

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

aflnsf lbj; dgfO{of]

æ;Ifd aflnsfM ;d[4 g]kfnÆ eGg] d'n gf/fsf ;fy 8f]6Ldf klg cGt{/fli6«o aflnsf lbj; @)!^ dgfOPsf] 5 .

o'lg;]km / /]i6n]; l8e]nf]Kd]G6 g]kfnsf] ;xof]udf ;fd'bflos ljsf; s]Gb| -l;l8l;_ 8f]6Låf/f ;~rflnt ;Dej kl/of]hgfsf] ;xof]udf l;nu9Lsf] kbd klAns d'lQm gf/fo0f dfBlds ljBfnodf laleGg k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/ pQm lbj; dgfO{Psf] xf] . ;f] lbj;sf] cj;/df c;f]h * b]lv !% ;Dd lalaw\ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . 

8f]6L lhNnfsf ljleGg @) ljBfnox?df laleGg k|tof]lutfsf ;fy aflnsf lbj; dgfOPsf] l;l8;Lsf sfo{qmd clws[t ;lt; u'?Ën] atfP .

h]i7 gful/s lbj; dgfO{of]

h]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;+3 8f]6Lsf] cfof]hgfdf 8f]6L lhNnfdf klg @^ cf}+ cGt/fli6«o h]i7 gful/s lbj; dgfO{Psf] 5 .

k|To]s jif{ cS6f]j/ ! df dgfO{g] pQm lbj;df dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no 8f]6Lsf] ;xof]udf lalaw\ sfo{qmd ul/Psf] ;+3sf ;lrj ;'/]Gb|k|;fb >]i7n] hfgsf/L lbP . æh]i7 gful/sk|lt ul/g] e]b\efj la?4 plecf}+Æ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy zlgjf/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm lbj;df h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] .

h]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;+3n] lhNnfdf laleGg sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

rnlrq÷dgf]/~hg

8f]6Ldf klxnf] k6s nf]s bf]xf]/L

æsnf ;+:s[lt df}lns klxrfg, ;+/If0f ug]{ xfd|f] cleofgÆ eGg] d'n gf/fsf ;fy 8f]6Ldf klxn] k6s nf]s bf]xf]/L ;fFem cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 .

bz}+sf] cj;/ kf/L snf–;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0fdf o'jf cleofg, 8f]6Lsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] pQm nf]s bf]xf]/L 36:yfkgfsf] lbg zlgjf/ l;nu9Ldf ;'? ePsf] lyof] . zlgjf/ / cfO{tjf/ l;nu9Ldf ;~rfng ePsf] bf]xf]/L ;fFem ;f]djf/ 8f]6Lsf] k|d'v Jofkfl/s s]Gb| lbkfon lkkNnfsf] xf]6n l/e/;fO{8df ePsf] ;+:yfsf cWoIf z]/jxfb'/ dNnn] hfgsf/L lbP . bf]xf]/L ;fFemdf k'?if k|d'v ef]sn nId0f lai6 / dlxnf k|d'v ef]sn lbn' la;L /x]sf lyP .

snf ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm bf]xf]/L ;fFemdf :yfgLo snfsf/x?sf] Ifdtf lasf; ug]{ nIf /flvPsf] dNnn] hfgsf/L lbP . cGo snfsf/x?df s}nfnL ls nf]s bf]x/L uflosf od'gf du/, kqsf/ tyf ufos emns kfnL, o'jf ufos k|]d g]kfnL, ;kgf la=s=, rlr{t b]p8f ufos e'jg bfxfn, s0f{jxfb'/ dNnn] bz{s tyf ;|f]tfx?nfO{ dgf]/~hg u/fPsf lyP . bf]xf]/L ;fFemdf afJojfbgtkm{ lb3{ vqL, lzj cf]nL, cf]d hf]zL nufotn] ;fy lbPsf] cWoIf dNnn] hfgsf/L lbP .

d]/f] 7'Dsf n08gdf ;fj{hlgs

n cgnfO{g vj/

g]kfnL cfw'lgs tyf nf]slk|o uflosf zld{nf ab]{jfsf] uLt …d]/f] 7'dsfdfÚ n08gdf cfof]lht Ps ;df/]xaLr ladf]rg ul/Psf] 5 .

;dw'/ :j/sL wgL uflosf ab]{jfsf] o; uLt lel8of] a]nfotdf sfo{/t kqsf/sfaLrdf ladf]rg ul/Psf] xf] . kqsf/åo glag kf]v/]n / lr/g zdf{;lxt zld{nfs} 5f]/L cflGzsf kl/of/n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf Do"lhs lel8of] …d]/f] 7'dsfdfÚ ladf]rg u/]sf x'g\ .

g[k]z pk|]tLsf] zAb / a;Gt ;fksf]6fsf] ;+uLt /x]sf] …d]/f] 7'dsfdfÚ gfRg ldNg] /dfO{nf] uLt xf] . o; uLtsf] Do'lhs lel8of] eg] a]nfot lgjf;L laho l3ld/]n] lgb]{zg u/]sf x'g eg] lel8of]df :jo+ laho / rlr{t df]8]n ;f/fn] clego u/]sf 5g\ . ;a} b[Zox? a]nfot d} 5fof+sg ul/Psf] xf] .

v]n ;dfrf/

lht;+u} ef/tnfO{ >[+vnf

n gful/s b}lgs 

ef/tn] ;f]daf/ bf];|f] 6]:6 lqms]6df Go'lhNofG8nfO{ ! ;o &* /gn] x/fpFb} z[+vnf lht]sf] 5 . lht;Fu} ef/t 6]:6 j/Lotfsf] zLif{ :yfgdf plSnPsf] 5 .

ef/tLo an/x¿n] pTs[i6 k|bz{g u/]kl5 # ;o &^ /gsf] ljho nIo k5\ofPsf] Go'lhNofG8 rf}yf] lbgd} ! ;o (& /gdf cncfp6 ePsf] lyof] . ef/tsf df]xDdb ;fdL, /ljrG›g clZjg / /jLG› h8]hfn] bf];|f] Olgªdf #–# ljs]6 lnP .

clGtd ljs]6sf ¿kdf ;fdLn] 6«]G6 af]N6nfO{ cfp6 u/]kl5 ef/tn] # v]nsf] z[+vnfdf @–) sf] cu|tf lnPsf] xf] . sfgk'/df ePsf] klxnf] 6]:6 klg ef/tn] ! ;o (& /gn] lht]sf] lyof] . lht;Fu} ef/t cGt/fl{\i6«o lqms]6 kl/ifb -cfOl;;L_ sf] 6]:6 j/Lotfsf] zLif{ :yfgdf plSnPsf] 5 . ef/t lr/k|ltåGåL kfls:tfgeGbf ! c+sn] cl3 5 .

;fdL / e'jg]Zj/ s'df/ ldn]/ !@ ljs]6 lnP . klxnf] Olgªdf % ljs]6 lnPsf e'jg]Zj/n] bf];|f] Olgªdf ! ljs]6 lnP . ;fdLn] klxnf] / bf];|f]df #–# ljs]6 lnP . h8]hf / clZjgn] klxnf] Olgªdf !–! ljs]6 lnPsf lyP . t/ klxnf] / bf];|f] b'j} Olgªdf cljlht cw{zts agfPsf Cl4dg zfx Dofg ckm bL Dofr eP . zfx b'j} Olgªdf cljlht  /x] . pgn] %$ / %* /g agfPsf lyP .

Dof/fygsf] pkflw Njfu'gnfO{

n ;]tf]kf6L cgnfO{g

;fljss} lah]tfn] ;tf;Lwfd h]l;hsf] ldgL Dof/fyg k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw Njfu'gn] xft kf/]sf 5g\ .

h]l;h ;Ktfxfsf] ;dfkg sfo{qmd cGtu{t emfkfsf] dfOwf/b]lv ko{6sLo ;tfIfLwfd dlGb/ kl/;/;Ddsf] !! lsnf]ld6/ b'/Lsf] ldgL Dof/fygsf] pkflw o; jif{ klg kfFry/ /lasf @# jifL{o xs{åLk Njfu'gn] xft kf/] .

pgn] $) ldg]6df pQm b'/L kf/ u/]sf x'g\ . ;tf;Lwfd h]l;hn] ko{6g k|j4{gsf nflu ut jif{b]lv cfof]hgf ub}{ cfPsf] ldgL Dof/fygsf] cl3Nnf] pkflw klg Njfu'gn] lht]sf lyP . lah]tfn] gub !% xhf/ ;lxt k|df0f kq / 6«kmL kfP .

;f]xL b'/L $! ldg]6df to u/]/ t]x|y'd 5ft]9'+ufsf @! jifL{o pd]z sGª\jf bf];|f] eP . pgn] gub !) xhf/ / k|df0f kq;lxt 6«kmL kfPsf] cfof]hs ;tf;Lwfd h]l;hsf cWoIf /f]zg ;'j]bLn] atfP .

kfFr xhf/ /fzLsf] t];|f] pkflw df]/ª dw'dNnfsf ofªåLk /fO{n] kfP . pgn] $% ldg]6df ;f] b'/L kf/ u/]sf lyP . k|ltof]lutfsf lah]tfnfO{{ g]kfn h]l;hsf /fli6«o cWoIf /laG› u'?Ën] k'/:s[t u/]sf lyP .

k|ltof]lutfdf dlxnf ;xefuL u/fdgL emfkfsL uLtf cfrfo{, lzj;tfIfLsL nIdL ld>nfO{ k|f]T;fxfg :j?k gub !÷! xhf/ ?k}ofF k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . cfof]hssf cg';f/ rf}yf]b]lv b;f}+ :yfgsf cGo ;ft hgf wfjsnfO{ gub Ps xhf/;lxt k|df0f kq k|bfg u/]/ ;fGTjgf 3f]lift ul/Psf] lyof] .

k|ltof]lutdf k"j{sf !) lhNnfsf tLg dlxnf;lxt *) hgfn] ;xeflutf hgfPsf lyP . P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s tyf ko{6sLo:yn dfOwfd / ;tf;Lwfdsf] ko{6g k|j4{gdf 6]jf k'of{pg] p2]Zon] ;tf;Lwfd h]l;hn] j;]l{\g ldgL Dof/fygsf] cfof]hgf ul//x]sf] 5 .

n]v

xf]6n af;sf nflu klg lsg oqf] qf; <

/fdx/L cf]emf

dnfO{ Pp6f sf]7f rflxof] .

s:tf] P6]r ls ggPr]6 <

P6]r .

s:tf] 8jn j]8 ls l;+un <

8jn j]8 .

csf]{ sf] 5 tkfO{;+u <

d]/f] >Ldlt .

To;f] eP x'Gg .

lsg <

xfd|f] xf]6nsf] lgod} o:t} 5 .

s;/L eof] of] xf]6nsf] lgod o:tf] <

k|x/Ln] cgfjZos ?kdf ;tfO{/xG5g, sf] xf], sxfF xf], s:tf] xf] eg]/ . clg c? u|xfsx?nfO{ klg b'Mv x'G5 . To;}n] lKnh dfGg'xf];\ g . 

>Ldltsf] pkrf/sf nflu s}nfnL k'u]sf Ps hgf ldqn] xf]6]ndf ePsf] ;Djf4 h:tfsf] To:t} ;'gfP . gfd rn]sf elgPsf zx/x?df tkfO{ >Ldlt ;lxt s'g} sfddf hfg' eof] eg] tkfO{n] jf; kfpg' x'Gg . gfd rn]sf / grn]sf klg s/Lj s/Lj ;j}h;f] xf]6ndf o:t} k|sf/sf] ;Djfb x'G5 . Psflt/ ;'/IffsdL{x?n] cfk\mgf] pkl:yltsf] k|Tofe'lt u/fpg g;Sg' csf]{lt/ xfd|f] ;dfh lbgk|ltlbg of}g dfldnfdf v'nf x'Fb} hfg'sf] sf/0f of}ghGo lqmofsnfkx? klg v'nf x'Fb} hfg yfn]sf 5g . lo of}ghGo lqmofsnfkx?df dlxnf–k'?if b'j}sf] plQs} ;+nUgtf / ;lqmotf /x]sf] kfO{G5 .

o:tf of}ghGo lqmofsnfkx? j9L h;f] xf]6ndf x'g] u/]sf sf/0f k|x/L k|zf;gn] xf]6ndf 5fkf dfg]{ sfd u¥of] . s]xL dfG5]x?nfO{ ;dfTof], xf]6n ;~rfnsx?nfO{ b'Mv lbg] sfd u¥of] . cfh cj:yf of] eof] ls ;j{;fwf/0f dflg;x?n] cfk\mgf] >Ldlt;+u} 5 eg] xf]6ndf jf; kfpg 5f]8\of], la8Djgf . hj >Ldlt;+u} tkfO{ jf; kfpg' x'Gg eg] c? gftf kg]{ dlxnfx?;+u t sNkgf ;d]t ug{ uf¥xf] eof] . x'g ;S5 s'g} lbg bfh' / jlxgL, cfdf / 5f]/f, j'jf /  5f]/L, b]j/ / efph'x?n] klg xf]6ndf jf; vf]Hg' kg]{ cj:yf cfpF5 . Toltj]nf xf]6n Joj;foLx?n] jf; lbPgg\ eg] pgLx? sxfF ;'Tg] < Toltdfq xf]O{g sfd laz]ifsf] l;nl;nfdf /utsf] gftf jfx]s cGo dfgjLo gftf ePsf dlxnf k'?ifn] klg Pp6} sf]7fdf ;'Tg' kg]{ cj:yf cfpF5 . /utsf] jf cGo gftf gkg]{ dlxnf;+u klg k'?ifn] xf]6]ndf jf; a:g' kg]{ x'g ;S5, Tof] cj:yfdf xf]6ndf af; gkfP s] ;8sdf j:g] t <

x/]s ;DjGwnfO{, x/]s gftfnfO{ of]g;+u dfq} hf]8]/ x]g]{ k|a[lQn] ubf{ of] ;d:of >[hgf eof] . xf]6n ;~rfnsx?n] xf]6ndf cfPsf u|xfsx?nfO{ vfgf lbg] xf], jf; lbg] xf], pgLx?n] xf]6n Joj;fo d'gfkmf sdfpgsf nflu ;~rfng u/]sf] xf] . Tof] xf]6ndf s'g hf]8L of}g lqmofsnfksf nflu cfPsf] xf] jf s'g hf]8LaLrsf] s] gftf xf] eGg] s'/f x]g]{ sfd p:fsf] xf]O{g t/ xf]6n Joj;foLx?nfO{ k|x/Ln] olt k/];fg u/]sf] 5 ls pgLx?n] dlxnf / k'?if ;+u;+u} xf]6ndf cfpFbf klxn]g} jf; 5}g eg]/ klG5g] cj:yf ePsf]  5 . of] nHhf:kb s'/f xf] .

klxnf] s'/f k|x/Ln] ck/fw lgoGq0f / cg';Gwfg ug]{ xf], o;sf] cy{ p;sf] sfd zflGt ;'/Iff sfod /fVg] / hgtfsf] ;'/Iff ug]{ xf] . hgtfnfO{ ;'/Iff lbgsf nflu JolQm÷JolQmlkR5] ;'/IffsdL{ lx8\g ;Sb}g, of] b'lgofFsf s'g} klg b]zdf ePsf] klg 5}g . t/,  k|x/Ln] cfk\mgf] pkl:ylt b]vfpg] xf] . k|x/L 5, k|zf;g 5 / sfg'g 5, sfg'g lakl/t s'g} sfd eof] eg]   k|x/Ln] ;dfT5, d'4f rnfpF5, d'4f x]g]{ clwsf/Ln] ck/fwL 3f]if0ff u5{ eGg] vfnsf] jftfj/0f ;j}n] cg'ej ug]{ cj:yf jgfpg' k¥of] .

rfns cg'dlt kq gePsf JolQmn] uf8L rnfPsf j]nf %) ?k}ofF 3'; vfP/ lx8\g] hftsf] k|x/Ln] ;d'bfodf cfk\mgf] pkl:yltsf] k|Tofe'lt u/fpg ;s]sf] 5}g, To;sf/0f ck/fwsf 36gfx? j9\g yfn]sf 5g . ck/fw ug]{nfO{ k};fsf] n]gb]gdf 5'6 lbg] clg xf]6ndf j;]sf ;j{;fwf/0fx?nfO{ / xf]6n ;~rfnsx?nfO{ qf; b]vfP/ s] l;4 ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] Tof] s'/f hfgsf/L ePg . lglZrt ?kdf of}gsdL{ dlxnfx?nfO{ xf]6n Joj;foL cfkm}n] xf]6ndf jf]nfP/ of}g Joj;fo ug{ yfn]sf x'g eg] Tof] /f]lsg' k5{ . xfd|f] b]zdf of}g Joj;fo ug{ kfpg] sfg'gL Joj:yf 5}g . sfg'g lakl/t olb s'g} xf]6nn] of JolQmn] of}g Joj;fo ;~rfng u5{ eg] To:tf xf]6n Joj;foLnfO{ sf/jfxL ug'{ k5{ t/ Ps dlxnf / Ps k'?if ;+u} jf; j:g cfpFbf jf Pp6} sf]7fdf jf; j:bf sf/jfxLsf] laifo jgfpg' kg]{, pgLx?nfO{ ck/fwL 7fGg' kg]{, pgLx?sf] rl/q xTof ug'{ kg]{ clwsf/ s;}n] s;}nfO{ lbPsf] 5}g .

dfgjclwsf/sf] laZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq cg';f/ h:tf];'s} ck/fwL ePklg p;sf] uf]kgLotfsf] xs x'G5 . xfdLn] pQm 3f]if0ff kq dfGg] eg]sf 5f}+ t/ xfdL Ps dlxnf / Ps k'?if /ftL !@ jh] Pp6} sf]7fdf ;'t]sf] cj:yfdf uP/ p7fP/ NofpF5f}+ clg ck/fwL e]6]sf] eg]/ k|rf/ u5f}+{ . s'g P]g, sfg'gsf] clwgdf  /x]/ k|x/Ln] /ftL sf]7fdf 5fkf df5{ < s] oxL dfq} xf] t ck/fw lgoGq0f ug]{ tl/sf < g]kfnsf] ;+lawfgsf] wf/f @* cg';f/ s'g} klg JolQmsf] hLp, cfjf;, ;DklQ, lnvt, tYofFs, kqfrf/ / rl/q ;DaGwL ljifosf] uf]kgLotf sfg'g adf]lhd afx]s cgltqmDo x'G5 . clg /ftL sf]7faf6 tfg]/ NofPsf JolQmx?nfO{ kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/]/ ;fj{hlgs ubf{ pgLx?sf] uf]kgLotf ;DjlGw xs s;/L cgltqmDo eof] <

of}g ;DjGws} s'/f ubf{ klg jflnu dlxnf;+u ;xdltsf cfwf/df s'g} k'?ifn] of}g ;GjGw /fV5 eg] Tof] ck/fw xf]O{g . d'n'sL P]g, @)@) sf] hj/h:tL s/0fLsf] dxnsf] ! g+= df æs;}n] s'g} dlxnfnfO{ lghsf] d~h"/L glnO{ s/0fL u/]df jf ;f]x| jif{eGbf sd pd]/sL aflnsfnfO{ lghsf] d~h"/L lnO{ jf glnO{ s/0fL u/]df lghn] hah{:tL s/0fL u/]sf] 7x5{ .Æ o; sfg'gn] olb !^ jif{ eGbfdfyLsf s'g} dlxnfn] s'g} k'?if;+u :jO{R5fn] of}g ;DjGw /flV5g eg] Tof] ck/fw xf]O{g . clg h'g s'/f ck/fw} xf]O{g Tof] s'/f /f]Sgsf nflu lsg k|x/L k|zf;gn] oqf] xNnfvNnf ug'{ k5{ t < hjh{:tL s/0fL u/fpgsf nflu s'g} klg dlxnf        3/jf6 xf]6]n;Dd cfpFlbgg\ xf]nf .

xf]6nx?df j;]/ cGo cfk/flws lqmofsnfkx? x'g ;S5g eGg] s'/f xf] eg] To;sf] /f]syfdsf Tof] 9+usf] of]hgf jgfpg' kg]{ x'G5 . ck/fw /f]Sg] gfddf xf]6]ndf jf;} j:g gkfpg], s]O{ u/L jf; j;]sf JolQmx?nfO{ klg /ftL ;'t]sf j]nf ;'/IffsdL{x?g} uP/ b'Mv lbg] sfd of] dfgjclwsf/ la/f]wL sfd xf] . ck/fw x'g ;S5 eGg] cg'dfg dfq}df /fHojf6} csf]{ ck/fw x'G5 eg] h+un /fh eGbf km/s s'/f s] xf]nf < o:tf] cj:yfnfO{ k|x/L cft+s eGbf cGo eP5 eg] of] k+lQmsf/ Ifdf rfxfG5 .

k|x/Lx?n] aflx/ kx/f lbP/ leq h'jftf;, of}g wGbf ePsf 36gfx? klg jflx/ cfPs} 5g . k|x/Ln] kx/f lbFbf ;j} a}w x'g], sfg'gL x'g] t/ k|x/Ln] kx/f glbFbf sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf cfPsf JolQmx?n] af; ;d]t gkfpg] cj:yf ;[hgf x'G5 eg] of] k|x/L cft+s geP/ s] xf] t < lsg k|x/Ln] kx/f lbG5 t To:tf 7fpFdf < ca}w ?kdf b'O{ rf/ k};f sdfpgsf nflu xf]O{g / < clg Tof] sfd sfg'gL x'g], s'g} xf]6ndf uP/ af; a:g' u}/ sfg'gL x'g] < of] s;/L ;Dej x'g ;S5 <

oxfF of] eGg vf]lhPsf] xf]O{g ls k|x/Ln] ck/fw lgoGq0f ug'{ x'Gg eg]/ t/ k|x/Ln] lgoGq0f ug{ vf]h]sf] laifo xfd|f] b]zsf] sfg'g cg';f/ ck/fwleq k5{ ls kb}{g < To;sf] vf]hL x'g' h?/L 5 . h'g s'/f ck/fwg} xf]O{g Tof] s'/f lsg lgoGq0f ug'{ k5{ <

olb o:t} Jojxf/ /xg] xf] eg] s'g} lbg xf]6n Joj;foLx?n] u|xfsx?;+u k|x/Lsf] l;kmfl/; dfUg' kg]{ cj:yf cfpg] 5 . …kmnfgf] dfG5];+u /x]sf] kmnfgf] gftf kg]{ dlxnfn] Pp6} sf]7fdf a:g d'gfl;j b]lvPsf]n] logLx?nfO{ xf]6ndf af; lbFbf s'g} km/s gkg]{ Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft ul/Psf] 5Ú eg]/ lbg' k¥of] . o:tf] l;kmfl/; lbgsf nflu k|x/L;+u s] cfwf/ x'G5 < o;df klg k|Zg cfpg ;S5 .

Ps hgf, b'O{ hgf s]6fs]6Lx?n] xf]6]ndf cfP/ j]O{dfgL u/] eGb}df cfd ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;d]t b'Mv lbg] u/L /fHo ;+oGqåf/f qf; km}nfpg'sf] cy{ s] xf] < cfFvf cuf8L eO{/x]sf ;+ul7t ck/fwx?nfO{ j]jf:tf ub}{ s'g xf]6]ndf sf] jf; j:of], s'g xf]6]ndf s] vfgf kfSof] eGb} lx8\g] xf] eg] km]/L csf]{ ;d:of ;[hgf x'G5 . xf]6]nx?df x'g] of}g Joj;fo /f]lsg' k5{ t/ o;sf] cy{ of] xf]O{g ls >Ldfg–>Ldlt, efO{–jlxgL, j'jf–5f]/L klg xf]6]ndf jf; j:g gkfcf]; .

ck/flws lqmofsnfkx? /f]Sg eg]/ xf]6n k;]sf ;'/IffsdL{x?g} ck/fw ug{ vf]h]sf] eGg] y'k|} ;dfrf/x? klg ;~rf/dfWoddf cfO{;s]sf 5g . o:tf] cj:yfdf x'Fb} gePsf] ck/fw /f]Sgsf nflu yk ck/fw hGdfpg] k|oTg lsg eO{/x]sf] 5, a'e\mg' h?/L 5 . ;+lawfg cGt/ut df}lns xss} s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] s'g} klg g]kfnL gful/sn] lagf /f]s6f]s Ps 7fpFjf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf hfg kfpg], a;f]af; ug{ kfpg], k]zf Joj;fo ug{ kfpg] xs ;j} g]kfnLdf 5 . o;nfO{ o;nfO{ j]jf:tf u/]/ JolQmlkR5] sfg'g jgfO{g' jf ;+:yflkR5] sfg'g jgfO{g'n] s'g} s'g} cy{ /fVb}g .

df]km;n kqsfl/tf

kqsf/sf] af:tlas d'NofÍg x'g' k5{

dx]Gb| ad

/]l8of] ;f];fO{6L PkmPd, c5fd

tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/ro kfpF g <

— d]/f] gfd dx]Gb| ad, 3/ 8f]6L / clxn] c5fdsf] /]l8of] ;f];fO{6L PkmPddf sfo{/t 5' .

slt ;do eof] o; k]zfdf nfu]sf] <

— w]/} ePsf] 5}g, nueu Ps aif{ k'Ug nfUof] .

s:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <

— kqsfl/tf eg]sf] ;dfhsf] k|ltlaDa xf] . d o:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ?rfp5',eg]/ o;nfO{ ;fF3'/f] agfpg rfxfGg < t/ /fhgLlts la6sf] kqsf/Ltfsf nfuL d]/f] ?lr clnslt k5f8L kg{ hfG5 .

df]km;ndf a;]/ kqsfl/tf ug{ lgs} ;d:of 5 eG5g lg Û

— dnfO{ To:tf] lgs} ;d:of 5 h:tf] nfUb}g Û ;d:of eGg] xf] eg] t, sxfF 5}gg\ / < df]km;ndf a;]/ kqsfl/tf ubf{ s]xL ;d:of / r'gf}tLx? t 5g, / d ;f]Rg] u5'{ ;d:of eg]sf] Pp6f kf7 xf] . h:n] w]/} s'/f l;Sg] cj;/ k|bfg u/]/ hfG5 .  To;}n] o:tf] ;f]Rg' k5{ ls < al9 ;+3if{ u/]/ al9 g} kmn k|fKt x'G5 a'emfO{sf ;fy xfdLn] cuf8L a9\g ;s]p eg] ;kmntf k|fKt x'G5 xf]nf .

kqsfl/tf k]zfdf nfu]/ s] s] ;d:of ef]Ug' kbf]{ /x]5 <

— kqsfl/tf eg]sf] cln h6Ln laifo klg xf] . lsg ls kqsf/n] ;dfhsf x/]s lqmofsnfksf] lrq0f ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . gsf/fTd lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ kbf{df NofpFbf lgot v/fa ePsf dflg;x?n] cf}Fnf p7fpg] u5{g . h:n] ubf{ /fHo:t/af6 klg kqsf/x?sf] k]zfut xs lxt ;+/If0f x'g h?/L ePsf] dx;'; x'G5 . t/ Pp6f c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nfuL h:tf ;'s} sbd p7fpg klg kl5 x6\g' x'Gg eGg] d]/f] Woo xf] .

c5fddf /x]/ sfd ub}{ x'g'x'G5 s:tf] dxz'; ub}{ x'g'x'G5  <

— dnfO{ c5fd a;]/ kqsf/Ltf u/]sf] 5', eg]/ s'g} ;s; pTkGg ePsf] dx;'; x'Gg . lsg ls Pp6f s'zn kqsf/nfO{ 7fpF;+u ;/f]sf/ x'g' xF'b}g . ca ;d:ofsf] s'/f ubf{ dnfO{ nfU5 kqsf/sf ;d:of ;a} 7fpFdf p:t} x'g . olb d clxn] oxfF eGbf aflx/ 8f]6L jf c? s'g} 7fpFdf x'Gy] eg] klg ;fob d}n] clxn] ef]lu/x]sf ;d:ofx? ef]u]s} x'Gy]F xf]nf . To;}n] 7fpFsf] eGbf klg xfd|f] ldlxg]t / xfd|f] O{dfgbfl/tfdf a9L e/ k5{ . ;d:ofx? t df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf nflu h'g;'s} 7fpFdf klg x'G5g g} .

tkfO{ sfo{/t PkmPd s:tf] rNb} 5 <

— /fd|} 5 .

c5fddf w]/} PkmPd :6]zg 5g s:tf] vfnsf] k|lt:kwf{ 5 <

— clxn]sf] kl/j]zdf of] /]l8of]x?sf] c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ c5fddf dfq geP/ ;a} 7fpFdf Pp6} 5 h:tf] nfU5 dnfO{ t . klxnf] s'/f t /fHosf] klg sDfhf]/L 5 . lsgls /]l8of] :yfkgf ug{ s]xL dfkb08x? agfO{g' kYof]{ . ca clxn] c5fd h:tf] las6 lhNnfdf %÷& j6f /]l8of] :yfkgf ePsf 5g / Tolts} dfqfdf kq–klqsfx? 5g . kSs} klg of] clnslt c;xh kl/l:ylt xf] . csf]{ s'/f kl5Nnf] ;do ;Dk"0f{ ;~rf/dfWodx?df /fhgLlts k|lt:kwf{ a9]sf] b]lvG5 . h:n] ubf{ :jR5 kqsf/Ltf km]l/Psf] 5 . o:t} vfnsf] ;d:of c5fddf klg b]lvPsf] 5, o;nfO{ s;/L :j:y vfnsf] k|lt:kwf{ eGg ;lsG5 / <

df]km;nsf ;~rf/dfWod / ;~rf/sdL{sf lk8f p:tfp:t} x'g ls km/s 5g h:tf] nfU5 tkfO{nfO{ <

— ;fob Pp6} d'n'sleq df]km;nsf ;~rf/dfWod / ;~rf/sdL{sf lk8f Pp6} 5g, d]/f] a'emfO{df .

lo ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s:tf lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{ <

— ;/sf/sf sfo{qmx?sf] cefj xf]O{g, cefj t lt sfo{qmx?sf] sfo{Gjog geP/ l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] lgdf{0f u/]sf gLltx?nfO{ sfo{Gjog ug{ ;lsPsf] v08df ;fob b]zsf] kqsfl/tf s]xL xb;Dd kl/jt{g x'g ;S5 . o;f] elg/xFbf  ;/sf/sf] klg s'g} sDfhf]/L g} 5}g eGg vf]h]sf] kSs} xf]O{g . d}n] cuf8L eg] h:t} kqsf/x?sf] >dsf] plrt d'Nof+sg / k]zfut xs lxtsf] ;'/Iff x'g h?/L b]lvG5 . / ;/sf/af6 kqsf/x?sf] jf:tljs d'Nof+sg x'g' h?/L 5 . t/, clxn] ePsf sfg'gx?sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ul/lbg] xf] eg] dfq} klg w]/} ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg x'g ;Sg] cj:yf 5 . Tof] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] xs lxtsf nflu kqsf/x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

— d]/f] larf/df a}rfl/s ;+u7gx? lgikIf x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

tkfOs+f] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <

— cfjfh lalxgx?nfO{ cfjfh lbg' c;n kqsfl/tf xf] . lgikIf 9+un] ;To, tYo / ;Gt'lnt ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f u/L hgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt u/fpg' kqsf/x?sf] wd{ xf] . d]/f] larf/df s'g} klg :jfy{ lagfsf] kqsf/NfO{ dfq s'zn kqsf/ eGg ldN5 .   /fHosf] rf}yf] c+u eP/ cGo /fHosf c+usf] d"Nof+sg ;~rf/ hutn] ub{ 5 . To;}n] kqsf/x?n]] /fHosf ;Dk"0f{ sdL sDfhf]/Lx? s]nfP/ k[i7kf]if0f k|bfg ug{ ;Sg' kb{5 .

t/ clxn] t ;~rf/sdL{x? lbgx'F ab\gfldt eO{/x]sf] cj:yf 5, ;dfrf/d} df]ndf]nfO{ ug]{, u}/ sfg'gL lqmofsnfkx? ug]{ h:tf cf/f]kx? nfUg yfn]sf 5g, s] eGg' x'G5 <

— ;a} ;~rf/sdL{x?nfO{ cyjf l;+uf] kqsf/ltf hutnfO{ o;f] eGg' unt x'G5 . t/ ;~rf/ If]qdf nfu]sf ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf] e"ldsf c;n tl/sfn] axg ug{ ;s]sf 5g eGg klg ldNb}g . lsgls ;/sf/sf] klg o:fdf xb};Dd sDfhf]/L 5 . clxn] ;Dd Pp6f :ki6 gLlt ;d]t aGg ;s]sf] 5}g, / ag]sf gLltx? klg v} stf s'l07t kfl/Psf 5g . csf]{ s'/f xfdL cfkm} klg ;lRrg h?/L 5 . clxn]sf] r'gf}tL eg]sf] kqsf/Ltfdf /fhgLltsLs/0f x'g' xf] . / ca c;n kqsf/x?n] :jtGq kqsfl/tf c+ufNg' k5{ d]/f] larf/df . To;}u/L xfdL Psa4 eP/ cuf8L a9\g klg h?/L 5 . s]xL kqsf/x? v/fj ePsf sf/0f To;sf] cf/f]k xfdL ;j} kqsf/x?n] v]Kg' kg]{ kl/l:yltsf] cGTo ug{sf nflu ;j} Joj;flos kqsf/x? Psh'6 x'g' kg]{ clxn]sf] cfjZostf xf] .

cGTodf s]xL eGg dg nfu]sf] 5 <

— of] ;~rf/n] b'lgofFnfO{ olt glhs agfO{ lbPsf] 5 ls ;fob Pp6f xTs]Nnfdf c6fpF5 ls h:tf] nfU5 . To;}n] gful/sx?sf] laZjf;nfO{ xfdLn] a'Efm\g h?/L 5 . cfkm}\ e|d l;h{gf ug{ p4t x'g' eGbf klg ;Dk"0f{ e|dx?nfO{ xfDfLn] lr/]/ ;To tYo klxNofpg ;Sg' kg]{ x'G5 . ;a}nfO{ d]/f] cfu|x oxL xf] ls xfdL :jR5 9+un] ;dfh ;]jf -kqsfl/tf_ df nfUg' kb{5 .

;do / larf/sf nflu wGojfb . 

— dnfO{ of] cj;/ lbg' eof] xflb{s wGoafb lbFb}, laDa ;fKtflxsn] 8f]6Lsf] d'xf/ km]g{ ;kmn xf];\, cfufdL lbgdf pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] sfdgf AoQm ub{5' .

nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] tof/Lsf nflu pkof]uL

!= g]kfndf /]n ljefusf] :yfkgf s'g cf=j=df ePsf] xf] <               — cf=j=@)^&÷)^*

@= rf}wf}+ of]hgf -@)&#÷)&$ / @)&%÷)&^_sf] cfwf/kq cg';f/ u/LaLsf] /]vfd'gLsf] hg;+Vof slt k|ltztdf emfg{] nIo /x]sf] 5 <                                           — !&%

#= $% cf}+ sk cd]l/sf @)!^ sf] ljh]tf /fi6« s'g xf] <                    — lrnL

$= gfOh]l/ofsf] cft+ssf/L ;+u7gnfO{ af]sf]x/fd elgG5 eg] ;f]dflnofsf] cft+ssf/L ;+u7gnfO{ s] elgG5 <                                                           — cn;jfa

%= g]kfn;+u xjfO{ ;Demf}tf ePsf] #* cf}+ d'n's s'g xf] <                  — Go"hLNof08

^= æRof6 un{Æ s;sf] s[lt xf] <                                           — ldng ;u|f}+nf

&= dbg k'/:sf/ @)&@ s;nfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] xf] <  — /fdnfn hf]zL -syf ;+u|x_ …P]gfÚ

*= ;g\ @)@) df u[idsfnLg cf]nlDks sxfF x'g] ePsf] 5 <            — hfkfgsf] 6f]lsof]df

(= zfxL aGbL cj:yfd} d[To' ePsf /fhfsf] x'g\ <                       — /fh]Gb| ljqmd zfx

!)= k|l;4 rd]/] u'kmf s'g lhNnfdf kb{5 <                        — sf:sL

!!=  cf=j= @)&#÷)&$ sf] df}lb|s gLlt cg';f/ o; cf=j=df slt k|ltzt cfly{s a[l4sf] nIo        /flvPsf] 5 <                                                      — ^=%%

!@= g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df cfTdxTof ug{] k|wfgdGqL sf] x'g <           — led;]g yfkf

!#= cf=j=@)&#÷)&$ sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd cg';f/ cfufdL !) aif{nfO{ s] ;+1f lbOPsf] 5 <

— ;Da[l4sf] v'l8\snf] plSng] aif{

!$=  ;/sf/L sfof{nodf g]kfnL efiffnfO{ ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiffsf] ?kdf slxn]b]lv clgjfo{  ul/of] <                                     — lj=;=@)@! b]lv

!%= cf=j= @)&@÷)&# df j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] k|d'v >d uGtJo d'n'sdf s'g b]z k/]sf] 5 <

— klxnf] ;fpbL c/a, bf];|f]–stf/, t];|f]–dn]l;of

!^= ;g\ !*%^ df ;u/dfyf kQf nfUg' cl3;Dd ljZjsf] ;j}eGbf cUnf] lxdfn s'g lxdfnnfO{ dflgGYof] <                                                    — lrDaf]/fhf]

!&= ljZjsf] ;j}eGbf ;fgf] ;+lawfg s'g b]zsf] /x]sf] 5 <                  — cd]l/sf

!*= g]kfnsf] ;j}eGbf sd uf=lj=;= /x]sf] lhNNff s'g xf] <          — s~rgk'/, $ uf=lj=;=

!(= dxfsfnL ;+wLdf x:tfIf/ ug{] JolQmx? sf] sf] x'g\ <

— g]kfnsf tkm{af6 k|=d=z]/ axfb'/ b]pjf / ef/tsf tkm{af6 k|=d=lk=jL=g/l;+x /fj

@)= xfnsf] ;+l3o ;+/rgfdf cg';f/ k|b]z g+=& df slt gu/kflnsfx? /x]sf 5g\ < — @%

@!= hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ g]kfnsf] slt k|ltzt hg;+Vof s/sf] bfo/fdf  /x]sf] 5 <    —$=$%

@@= æd]/f lhjgsf kfgfx?Æ s;sf] s[lt xf] <                     — Uff}+/f k|;fO{

@#= :jfOgˆn'sf sf/0f Hofg u'd]sf] klxnf] g]kfnL sf] x'g\ <    — ejs[i0f e§/fO{

@$= s'g b]zsf] hgcfGbf]ngnfO{ hl:dg qmflGt eg]/ lrlgG5 <   — 6\o'lgl;of

@%= a]nfotL /fhs'df/ Xof/L] slxn] g]kfn e|d0f cfPsf lyP <         — @)&@ r}q ^ ut] -!! lbg_

@^_= jg;|f]t ;j{]If0f tyf cg';Gwfg @)!^ cg';f/ k|ltx]S6/ cf};t ?v ;+Vof slt /x]sf] 5 <

— $#) cf]6f

@&= ef/tdf ;DkGg 6L–@) ljZjsk lqms]6 @)!^ ljh]tf /fi6« s'g xf] <

— j]i6Ol08h –OËNof08nfO{ $ lju]6n] kfl/t

@*= a+uaGw' uf]N8sk km'6ansf] kmfOgn v]ndf g]kfnn] s'g /fi6«sf] 6LdnfO{ k/flht u/]sf] lyof] <                                                           — ax/fOg, #–) uf]n

@(= ydf{]ld6/sf cfljisf/s sf] x'g <                           — Uoflnlnof]

#)= ;]n'n/ k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t 3G df]jfOn ;]jfsf] ;'?jft s'g b]zaf6 ePsf] xf] < — Hffkfg

#!= xfnsf] g]kfn /fi6« a}ssf] ueg{/sf] gfd s] xf] <                — lr/~hLjL g]kfn

#@= ?=@%) sf] gf]6 slxn] k|sfzg ul/Psf] lyof] <          — lj=;=@)%# r}q @* ut]

##= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 lbOg] ;a}eGbf pRr  lae'if0f s'g xf] <  — g]kfn /Tg dfgkbjL

#$= ;f}o{d08nsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] pku|x s'g xf] <                     — Uoflgd]8

#%=  ljjfx ubf{ b'nfx / b'nxLsf a'af -;+DwL–;+DwL_ n8\g'kg{] k/Dk/f s'g hfltdf 5 <— s'dfn

af}l4s k/LIf0f v08

#^= olb ISO zAbnfO{  LNV  n] sf]8 ul/G5 eg] JRM nfO{ s;/L sf]8 ul/G5 <

A) LOP   B) MQP    C) LIP    D) MOW

#&= lbOPsf] >]0fLdf k|Zg lrGx-<_ /flvPsf] 7fpFdf s] x'G5 <

                !, ^, !%, < ,$%, ^^, (!

A)  @%   B) @^    C) @&     D) @*

#*= d"No #)% n] a9\of] . laqmL kl/df0fdf eg] @)% k|ltztn] sdL cfpFbf laqmL jfkmtsf] cfo s] x'G5 <

A)   !)%n] j[l4    B) @%n] 36L    C)$ n] %j[l4      D)s'g} km/s kb{}g

#(= ;Ltf pQ/ lbzf tkm{ uOg\ / bflxg] tkm{ kmls{g . To;kl5 k'gM bflxg] kmls{g / Psl5g kl5 afFof kms{]/ cuf8L al9g\ . ca ;Ltf s'g lbzf tkm{ hfFb} l5g <

A)  pQ/   B) klZrd    C) blIf0f–klZrd   D) blIf0f–k"j{

gf]6M af}l4s k/LIf0f k|Zgsf] ;xL pQ/ csf{] c+sdf k|sfzg x'g]5 .

;|f]t ;+sns M k|ofu /fh pkfWofo

;flxTo÷;[hgf

vfd aGbL Yof], leq Pp6f tl:a/ /x]5

xftdf u'nfj af]s]/ lx8\g] kmls/ /x]5 .

p:n] slxNo} eg]g, g d':s'/fpg'sf] sf/0f

vf;df dg leq ulx/f] lk/ /x]5 .

5'6]k5L d}n] cr]n, cfefif ub}{ 5'

Pp6} d'6' Pp6} z/L/ /x]5 .

ot} lbnleq em'lNsGYof], 5fof h:t} u/L

8]/f vf]Hb} cfPsf] d';flkm/ /x]5 ..

bf]if d slxNo}, s;}nfO lbb} lbGg

cflv/ xF;fpg] ?xfpg] olx tl:a/ /x]5 .

;lnd cG;f/L -k|wfg ;Dkfbs_

pHofnf] nflN6g 86sd, ?kGb]xL

d'Qms

d]/f] kIfdf ax; ug]{ jlsn x'g' k5{ .

dfof u/]sf ;a't k|df0f bflvn x'g' k5{ ..

cbfntn] klg ;hfP tf]s] xf;]/ sf6\5' .

d a:g] sf/fuf/ pm;sf] lbn x'g' k5{ ..

emns glag l;+x

…;~rf/af6 x/fPsf] dfG5] dÚ

uhn

dfof u/]/ gnf]Eofp s;}nfO{,

Ps lbg ?jfpg'5 eg] .

e'n]/ klg ljZjf; gb]p s;}nfO{,

kl5 ljZjf; 3ft ug{' 5 eg] ..

;fy lbP/ g nf]Eofp s;}nfO{,

Ps lbg p;nfO{ 5f]8\g' 5 eg] ..

k|]dsf] ;kgLdf gnf]Eofp s;}nfO{,

ljkgLdf Wj:t kfg{' 5 eg] ...

ls/0f /f]sfof

dflemufpF–^ 5fGgf aemfË

xfnM lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, 8f]6L

df}nfdf aflwPsf] /fFuf]

d df}nfdf aflwPsf] /fFuf]

s'g v'F8f ;'xfpnf d]/f] uw{g — x]b}{5' .

d]/f] lj:jf;sf] no 5]bg s'g t/jf/n] unf{ <

d[To'sf] ljlgdf{0f ug]{ O{Zj/sf] 5fltdf uf8LPsf]

of] df}nfn] d]/f] /utsf] prfO{ slt gfKnf <

d[To'sf] k|df0f 5}g <

tSdf v} tSdf <

d]/f] /ut eGbf lkmsf of] l;d|Lsn]

s'g d[To'sf] ;f}Gbo{zf:q k'/f unf{ <

d df}nfdf aflwPsf] /fFuf] .

d]/f] uw{gsf] 5KsfO{

Tof] WjgL s'g :s]ndf u'GhLPnf <

d]/f] z/L/ s'g cfF;g lnP/ k5fl/Pnf e'O{df

cfFvfsf oL b[Zox? s;/L ‰ofKk=== lgEnf Ps} k|xf/df .

Tof] 3l8 Tof] kn

Wofg:y d'QmfTdf em} ;'Gotf ef]Ug' kg]{5 d}n]

lrRofpg' kg]{ 5 — d[To' dfyLsf] cGofo x'g]5 .

hxfF d]/f] d[To' dfq sfd nfU5

Toxf d}n] hLjg dfUg' x'b}g .

gjLg clenfifL

-;flxTosf/_

;"rgf÷;Gb]z÷la1fkg

8f]6L, c5fd, aemfË, afh'/f lhNnfsf ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?nfO{ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no 8f]6Lsf] cg'/f]w

!= ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf cfkm} uO{ ;+:yfsf] ;fOg jf]8{, btf{ k|df0f kq / sfo{ k|s[lt jf/] ljZj:t eP dfq ;b:o agf}+ .

@= ;~rfns ;ldlt tyf n]vf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] gfd, 7]ufgf, lgjf{rg ePsf] ldlt / cfr/0fjf/] hfgsf/L lnP/ dfq ;b:o agf}+ .

#= k|To]s jif{ ;fwf/0f;ef / n]vf k/LIf0f gu/fpg] ;+:yf kf/bzL{ gx'g] x'Fbf To:tf ;+:yfsf] ;b:o gagf}+ .

$= ;xsf/L ;+:yf cfˆg} ufpF÷6f]n÷;d'bfosf JolQmx? ldn]/ vf]n]sf] xf] xf]Og, cfkm' a;f]af; u/]sf] :yfgdf ;+:yfsf] sfo{ If]q k5{ kb}{g < ;f] a'em]/ dfq ;b:o aGg] u/f}+ .

%= Pp6} 3/ kl/jf/sf / gftfuf]tf ldn]/ vf]n]sf] ;+:yfdf ;b:o gaGg] / c?nfO{ klg ;b:o gaGg ;Nnfx lbg] u/f}+ .

^= cfˆgf] k]zf / p2]Zo;+u d]n vfg] ;+:yfsf] dfq ;b:o aGg] Ps} k|s[ltsf] w]/} ;+:yfdf ;b:o gaGg] / ;b:o ePsf] ;+:yfdf ;lqmo ?kdf ;xeflutf hgfpg] .

&= ;b:o ag]/ dfq ;+:yfdf jrt ug]{, j9L Aofh / pkxf/ lbg] egL lj1fkg ug]{ ;+:yfsf] ;b:o gaGg] / To:tf ;+:yfdf jrt ;d]t gug]{ .

*= a}lsË s;'/ u/L g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] sfnf];"rLdf /fv]sf] JolQm ;~rfns ePsf] ;+:yfsf] ;b:o klg gaGg] / s'g} cfly{s sf/f]jf/ -jrt tyf C0f_ klg gug]{ . ;+:yf ;DaGwL yk s'/fx? a'em\g / sf/f]jf/ ;DaGwdf s'g} l4ljwf pTkGg ePdf l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no 8f]6Ldf cfO{ a'em\g ;lsg]5

(= ;xsf/L ;+:yf / a}Í Ps} k|sf/sf] ;+:yf xf]Og . ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] a}Ín] h:tf] d'2lt lgIf]k ;+sng ug{ kfpFb}g / olb s;}n] o;f] u/]df ;f] sfo{ u}/ sfg'gL xf] .

!)= ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] cfˆgf ;b:ox?;+u dfq sf/f]jf/ ug{ kfpF5 .

!!= cfkm' ;b:o ePsf] ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efdf ;lqmo ;xefuL x'g] / ;+:yfsf] ljifodf ;do ;dodf hfgsf/L lng] u/f}+ .

!@= ;+:yf ;+rfngsf nflu ;ldlt÷pk;ldltx? u7g u/L, cfjZos gLlt lgodx? tof/ u/]/ dfq ;+:yfsf] sfo{ ;+rfng ug]{ .

!#= ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo;+u d]nvfg] k|s[ltsf] k]zf Joj;fo ug]{ JolQmx?nfO{ dfq ;b:o agfpg] .

!$= ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q leq a;f]af; ug]{ JolQmx?nfO{ dfq ;b:o agfP/ sf/f]jf/ ug]{, ;b:o gagfO{ tyf sfo{If]q aflx/sf JolQmx?;+u sf/f]jf/ gug]{

!%= ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? jLr c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ x'g] vfnsf] sfd gug]{ / ;j{ ;fwf/0f JolQmx?nfO{ cfslif{t ug]{ vfnsf e|dk"0f{ ljqfkgx? k|sfzg k|;f/0f gug]{ .

!^= ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo;+u d]n vfg] sfo{ dfq ug]{, ;xsf/L l;4fGt, d"No÷dfGotf, ;xsf/L P]g, lgod, ;xsf/L ljefujf6 hf/L ePsf] dfkb08 / ;+:yfsf] ljlgodsf] clwgdf /x]/ dfq ;+:yfsf] sfo{ ;+rfng ug]{ .

!&= ;a} ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] k|To]s dlxgfsf] & ut] leq clgjfo{ ?kdf dfl;s k|ltj]bg l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no 8f]6Ldf k]z ug]{ .

!*= ;+rfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Ln] ;+:yfjf6 lnPsf] C0fsf] ljj/0f l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no 8f]6Ldf k]z ug]{ .

!(= ;b:ox?nfO{ ;+:yfks / cGo gfd lbO{ sg} klg k|sf/sf] pgLx? jLr lje]b x'g] vfnsf sfdx? gug]{ .

@)= ;l~rt /sd pTkfbgzLn If]qdf k|jfx u/f}+, cg'Tkfbs If]qdf nufgL gu/f}+ .

@!= ;+:yfsf ;+rfnsx?, Joj:yfks / sd{rf/Lx?sf] ultljlwk|lt ;w} rgfvf] aGg] .

@@= ;+:yf k|hftflGqs tj/n] rn] grn]sf] a'emf}+ . u}/ k|hftflGqs ?kdf rn]sf] ;+:yfdf /x]sf] cfˆgf] jrt tyf z]o/ lkmtf{ u/L ;b:otfjf6 x6\g] sfd u/f}+ .

@#= ;+:yf ;~rfngsf] l:ylt hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ;xsf/L P]g, lgod tyf ljefujf6 hf/L ePsf] dfkb08 / ;+:yfsf] ljlgod, gLlt, lgodx? /fd|/L cWoog u/f}+ .

@$= cfly{s aif{sf] # dlxgf -c;f]h d;fGt_ leq l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no 8f]6Ljf6 :jLs[t lnP/ ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ u/f}+ .

@%= ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;DaGwL s'g} lh1f;f tyf yk hfgsf/L cfjZos k/]df ;xsf/L ljefu jf l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no 8f]6Ldf cfO{ a'em\g ;lsg]5 jf sfof{nosf] kmf]g g+ )($–$@)!)# df ;Dks{ u/L cfjZos hfgsf/L lng ;lsg]5 . ;xsf/Lsf ;b:ox?sf] lh1f;f d]6fpg ;xsf/L ljefu / dftxtsf sfof{nox? ;w} tTk/ /xg]5g\ .

æhgr]tgf hufp, vf]k nufcf}, /]lahnfO{ pGd'ng u/f}Æ

/]lah Ps ;+qmldt :tgwf/L hgfj/af6 dflg;df ¥ofnsf] ;+;{uaf6 ;g]{ k|f0f3fts laiff0f'hGo /f]u xf] . h+unL :ofn, km\ofp/f], s's'/, la/fnf]sf] 6f]sfO{af6 dflg;df ;g]{ x'G5 . Dfflg;df nfUg] /]lahsf] ((Ü sf/s /]lah ;+qmldt s's'/sf] 6f]sfO{af6 x'g] u/]]sf] 5 .

kfFr a6f tYo /]lah /f]u ;DaGwL

-!_ laZjdf x/]s !% ;]s]G8df Ps hgfsf] /]lahsf] sf/0f d[To" x'g] u5{ . g]kfndf dfq aif]{gL @)) hgfsf] /]lah /f]usf] sf/0f d[To" x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

-@_ cG6fsf{l6sf afx]s laZjsf ;a} dxflåkdf /]lah b]lvPsf] / To;dWo] (%Ü clk|msf / Pl;of dxflåkdf /x]sf] 5 . /]lahsf] ha nIf0f b]lvg yfN5 To;kl5 k|f0f3fts x'g] ub{5 . cyf{t pkrf/ ;Dea 5}g . $)Ü /]lah nfu]/ dg]{ la/fdL !% aif{ d'lgsf /x]sf 5g .

-#_ s's'/ afx]s rd]/f / cGo :tgwf/L h+unL hgfj/x? klg /]lahsf] laiff0f'sf] af; :yfgsf ?kdf /x]sf 5g .

-$_ /]lah nfu]sf] s's'/n] 6f]s]sf] 3fpdf t'?Gt} ;fa'g kfgLn] w'g' xf]; / l56f] eGbf l56f] /]lah la?4sf] vf]k lrlsT;ssf] ;Nnfx adf]lhd nufpg' xf]; .

-%_ s's'/nfO{ nufpg] /]lah la?4sf] vf]kg} dflg;nfO{ 6f]s] kZrft nufpg] /]lah la?4sf] vf]k eGbf w]/} u'0ff ;:tf] / k|efjsf/L x'G5 . t;y{ clgjfo{ ?kdf 3/kfn'jf s's'/nfO{ /]lah la?4sf] vf]k nufpg' xf]; .

lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no 8f]6L

kmf]=g= )($ $@)!!$, $@)!&!

dfnkf]t sfof{no

8f]6L  

-d'Qm xlnof k'gM:yfkgf tyf cg'udg sfo{bn_

;"rgf Û ;"rgf ÛÛ ;"rgf ÛÛÛ

k|yd k6s ;"rgf k|sfl;t ldlt M @)&#÷)^÷!)

d'Qm xlnof k'gM:yfkgf sfo{qmd cGt/ut o; rfn' cf=j= @)&#÷)&$ df :jLs[t sfo{qmd cg';f/ k|yd, låtLo, t[tLo rf}dfl;s sfo{ ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu æsÆ ju{sf !^ hgfnfO{ hUuf v/Lb ug]{, æsÆ / æuÆ ju{sf !% hgfsf] 3/ lgdf{0f ug]{, ævÆ / æ3Æ ju{sf @) hgfsf] 3/ dd{t ug]{ sfo{qmd ePsf]n] hUuf v/Lb, 3/ lgdf{0f / 3/ dd{t ug{ rfxg] d'Qm xlnofx?n] lgDg cg';f/sf] k|df0fx? /fvL of] ;"rgf k|sfl;t ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq o; d'Qm xlnof k'gM:yfkgf lhNnf ;ldlt -dfnkf]t sfof{no_ 8f]6Ldf :jo+ pkl:yt eO{ lgb]jg lbg ;DjlGwt ;j}sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu of] ;"rgf k|sfl;t ul/Psf] 5 .

æsÆ ju{ M hUuf v/Lbsf nflu rflxg] k|df0fx?

!= æsÚ ju{sf] xlnof kl/ro kqsf] k|ltlnkL—!

@= gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL—!

#= v/Lb ug{ rfx]sf] hUufsf] ls=g+=, If]qkmn, gS;f lk|06, hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{sf] k|ltlnkL—!

$= ufla;÷gkfsf] l;kmfl/; kq—!

%=lgj]bg

ævÆ / æ3Æ ju{ 3/ dd{tsf nflu rflxg] k|df0fx?

!= ævÆ / æ3Æ ju{sf] xlnof kl/ro kqsf] k|ltlnkL—!

@= gful/stfsf] k|ltlnkL—!

#= ufla;÷gkfsf] l;kmfl/;

$= cfkm' a;]sf] hUufsf] j8f g+=, ls=g+= If]qkmn v'Ng] h=w=k|=k"hf{ / gS;f lk|06÷3/n] rr]{sf] If]qkmn

%= lgj]bg

^= 3/sf] lsl;d / laj/0f

æsÆ / æuÆ ju{ 3/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu rflxg] k|df0fx?

!= æsÆ / æuÆ ju{sf] d'Qm xlnof kl/ro kqsf] k|ltlnkL—!

@= cfkm' a;]sf] gkf÷ufla;sf] l;kmfl/;—!

#= gful/stfsf] k|ltlnkL—!

$= 3/ jgfpg rfx]sf] hUufsf] nfnk"hf{, gfkLsf] gS;f lk|06, j8f g+=, ls=g+= v'Ng] u/L lbPsf] lgj]bg .

%= kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f]—! k|lt

^= lgj]bg

gf]6 M ;"rgfsf] clGtd lbg labf kg{ uPdf ;f]sf] ef]nL kN6 sfof{no v'n]sf] lbg lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . l/tk"j{s lgjb]g k]z gePsf] tyf k|df0f gk'u]sf] lgj]bg pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g . la:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu sfof{nosf] kmf]g g+= )($–$@)!)! df ;Dks{ /fVg' xf]nf .

dlb/f laqmL lat/0f ;DjlGw ;"rgf

dlb/f O{hfht kq glnO{ dlb/fsf] sf/f]jf/ tyf cf];f/ k;f/ ug'{ b08gLo sfo{ ePsf]n] dlb/f O{hfh kq lnP/ jf gljs/0f u/fP/ dfq lgodfg';f/ dlb/f laqmL lat/0f ug'{ x'g cg'/f]w 5 . O{hfht kq lnP/ klg k|rlnt dlb/f P]g lgod adf]lhd sf/jfxL ul/g] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

;fy} lahof bzdL tyf z'e lbkfjnL @)&# sf] kfjg cj;/df ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?df xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf 5  

?b| k|;fb e§ -k|d'v_

sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGq0f sfof{no, 8f]6L kl/jf/