बिम्ब नेपाली साप्ताहिक मिति २०७० चैत्र १८ गते मंगलवार

d'Vo ;dfrf/

laDa ;fKtflxssf] bzf}F aflif{s pT;j ;DkGg

b}lgs agfpg ;xefuLx?sf] ;'emfj

laut bz aif{ b]lv lhNnf ;b/d'sfdaf6 lg/Gt/ ?kdf k|sfzg x'Fb} cfPsf] laDa ;fKtflxsn] bzf}F aflif{s pT;j dgfPsf] 5 . 

ca;/df cfof]hgf ul/Psf] sfo{qmdsf ;xefuL x?n] laDanfO{ b}lgs klqsf agfpg' kg]{ hf]8 lbPsf lyP .

laDa ;fKtflxsn] laDa ldl8of ;f];fO{6L :yfkgf ug]{, lhNnfdf jfnu[x lgdf{0fsf nflu kxn ug]{, k|j]lzsf -P;Pn;L_ df pTs[i7 c+s Nofpg]  laBfyL{sf nfuL 5fqa[lQ sfo{qmd, xfn k|sfzg eO{/x]sf] klqsfnfO{ cf7 k[i7jf6 !) k[i7 jgfpg] / k|sfzg ePsf ;dfrf/sf] lg/Gt/ kmnf] ck ug]{ gofF sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff u/]sf] xf] .

;'b"/klZrsf] If]qLo ;b/d'sfd /x]sf] 8f]6Ldf Ps klg b}lgs k|sfzg x'Fb}g . aflif{s pT;j sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] lhNnfdf b}lgs klqsf ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf 5g . 8f]6Ljf6 lgoldt k|sfzg x'g] ælaDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxsÆ n] !) jif{ k'/f u/]sf] cj;/df cfof]hgf u/]sf] Ps cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf ;xeflu ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] ;f] s'/f p7fPsf x'g . 8f]6Lsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L bLks sfkm\n]n] lhNnfdf Pp6f klg b}lgs klqsf gx'Fbf xfdL ;~rf/sf] If]qdf kl5 k/]sf] b]lvPsf]  jtfP . …d}n] laleGg sfof{nosf] sfof{no k|d'vsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf ;ft lhNnfdf /x]/ sfd u/]FÚ k|lhc sfkm\n]n] eg] …cGo ;j} lhNnfx?df b}lgs klqsfx? ;~rfng ePsf lyP t/ oxfF Pp6f klg klqsf b}lgs 5}g .Ú

…la1fkg kfPsf] j]nf dfq s]xL klqsfx? k|sfzg x'g] u/]sf 5gÚ cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly ;d]t /x]sf k|lhc sfkm\n]n] eg] …klqsfsf] lgoldt ?kdf k|sfzg x'g' k5{ . laDa ;fKtflxsn] !) jif{;Dd cfkm\gf] k|sfzgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf]df sfkm\n]n] wGojfb ;d]t 1fkg u/] .

sfo{qmddf dlxnf lasf; clws[t b'uf{ e08f/L -j/fn_ n] b}lgs klqsf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbFb} laDa ;fKtflxsn] ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf nflu cleofg ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{ jtfP . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 8f]6Lsf cWoIf dLg jdn] l5d]sL lhNnfx?jf6 b}lgs klqsfx? k|sfzg eO{/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpFb} 8f]6Ldf klg b}lgs klqsfsf] cfjZostf /x]sf] jtfP . …b}lgs klqsf ;~rfngsf nflu laDa ;fKtflxsn]g} cu'jfO{ ug'{ k5{Ú cWoIf jdn] To;sf nflu g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 ;xof]u ug{ tof/ /x]sf] jtfP . sfo{qmdsf ;xeflu clwsf+z aQmfx?n] laDa ;fKtflxsnfO{ b}lgs klqsf jgfpg' kg]{df hf]8 lbPsf lyP .

@)^) ;fn kmfu'g @( ut] gd'gf c+s k|sfzg u/L kqsfl/tf yfngL u/]sf] laDa ;fKtflxsn] !) jif{ k'/f u/]sf] cj;/df b'O{ hgfnfO{ ;Ddfg ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . ;Ddflgt x'g]x?df klqsfsf ;+:yfks k|wfg ;Dkfbs /fdjxfb'/ P]/ / klqsf k|sfzgdf lgoldt ;xof]u ug]{ >]i7 ckm;]6 k|]zsf ;~rfns lbk]Gb|gf/fo0f >]i7 /x]sf 5g . ;f] cj;/df laDa ;fKtflxsn] k|j]lzsf k/LIffdf lhNnfjf6 pTs[i7 glthf Nofpg] Ps 5fq / Ps 5fqf u/L b'O{ hgfnfO{ ;Ddfg ug]{ 3f]if0ff ;d]t u/]sf] 5 .

laDa ;fKtflxs 8f]6L k|]z sfplG;n g]kfnåf/f ul/g] juL{s/0fdf If]qLo :t/sf] ævÆ ju{df k|sfzg ePsf] klqsf xf] . 8f]6Ljf6 cGo s'g} klg klqsf juL{s/0f ePsf 5}gg\ .

;DkfbsLo

o:tf] lyof] laDa ;fKtflxssf] klxnf] c+sdf n]lvPsf] ;DkfbsLo

ægofF pT;fxÆ

8f]6L lhNnf g]kfn clw/fHodf Ps lalzi7 / cfkm\g} uf}/j jf]s]sf] P]ltxfl;s lhNnf xf] . k|flrg snf, sf}znn] e/Lk"0f{ z}n]Zj/Lsf] k|fË0fsf] ?kdf lrlgg] l;nu9L jhf/ / o;sf] >Lk]r k|fs[lts ;Dkbfn] l;+ufl/Psf] vKt8 n]s, clt ;'Gb/ j:tL lbkfonsf] unfdf dfnf klxl/PsL ;]tL gbL, blIf0fdf sfnf] 3gf dxfef/t t]n] n]s tyf pQ/df uf}/Lz+s/ lxdfnsf] Gofgf] ddtfdf /x]sf b'O{ nfv hgtfnfO{ lhNnfsf ultlalwx?sf] k|To]If hfgsf/L 3/b}n]df g} k'¥ofpgsf lgldQ ;dfrf/d'ns klqsfsf] cToGt} vfFrf] dx;'; u/L ælaDaÆ ;fKtflxs klqsf oxfFx?sf] xftdf pknJw u/fpg] hdsf]{ u/]sf 5f}+ .

cToGt} l;sf? Pj+ h'emf? o'jf ;fyLx?sf] k|of;jf6 tof/ kfl/g] of] klqsfnfO{ ;kmn / ;jn jgfpg ;Dk"0f{ kf7s ldqx?sf] ;Nnfx / ;'emfjnfO{ clt d'Nojfg 7fgL klqsfsf] k]jfsf] ?kdf u|x0f u/L ;Ddfg ug]{ 5f}+ . kf7sx?sf] Gofgf] dfof kfO{/fVg klqsfnfO{ laZn]if0ffTds / larf/ k|wfg jgfO{g]5 .

klqsfnfO{ pTs[i7 jgfpg] jfx\o ultlalw eGbf lhNnfsf 36gfx?nfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy lhNnfsf] oyfy{ lrq0f kf7s ;dIf k'¥ofpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . b'O{6f cfFvfn] rf/ lbFzf x]g{ cjZo cK7]/f] kb{5 . o;}n] /fi6«;+u ;/f]sf/ /fVg] ;Dk"0f{ la4fg sd{rf/L, lzIfs, k|fWofks, jsLn, laBfyL{, ;}lgs k|x/L, Jofkf/L, ls;fg tyf ;Dk"0f{ gful/s ;dfhjf6 n]v–/rgf, ultlalw Pj+ 36gfx?sf] oyfl;3| hfgsf/L u/fO{ ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0fdf ;xof]u ul/lbg x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

s]xL klqsfx? 8f]6Ldf k|sflzt eP / jGb eP t/ lg/Gt/tf x'g gkfpFbf hgtfsf cfjfhx? u'lD;Psf] u'lD;P] /x]sf] dx;'; u/L lg/Gt/ ?kdf cfd hg;d'bfodf k'¥ofpg] k|ltj4tf ;lxt klqsf k|sfzgsf] >L u0f]z u/]sf 5f}+ . 

yk ;dfrf/

Pdfcf]afbLsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng hf]/fondf x'g]

bz aif{] ;z:q åGåsf qmddf dfcf]afbLn] cfkm\gf] cfwf/ If]q dfg]sf] 8f]6L If]q–@ df zflGt klqmofkl5 Pdfcf]afbL ultlawL ;':t ePsf] / lhNnf ;b/d'sfd s]lGb|t ePsf] cf/f]k nflu/x]sf a]nf Ps k6s km]/L Pdfcf]afbL cfwf/If]qtkm{ kms{g] k|of; u/]sf] 5 .

Pdfcf]afbLn] klxnf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng lhNnfsf] blIf0fL If]qdf kg]{ hf]/fonsf] l;lndaf3df cfof]hgf ug{ nfu]sf] 5 . ef}uf]lns las6tf ;+u} sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ug{sf nfuL hf]/fon If]qdf w]/} r'gf}lt ePsf] ePklg hgo'4sf] cfwf/ If]qd} sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ug{ nfu]sf] g]tf Pdfcf]jfbL lhNnf g]tf 5la cf]nLn] atfP . klxnf] ;+lawfg;efsf] lgjf{rg kZrft dfcf]afbL csf]{ ;+lawfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf kms]{sf] cf/f]k nfUb} cfPsf] 5 . pQm If]q åGåsfndf dfcf]afbL s]Gb|Lo txsf ultaLwLx? x'g] If]qsf] ?kdf klxrfg agfPsf] If]q xf] .

tTsfnLg g]skf dfcf]afbLsf cWoIf k|r08 sf7df08f}+df ;fa{hlgs ePnuQ} 8f]6Lsf] lakLgu/ k'u]sf lyP . hf]/fondf ;Dd]ng cfof]hgf ug]{ af/]df lhNnf ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf ;+of]hs lqnf]rg e§n] eg] …hgo'4sf] cfwf/ If]q xf], pQm If]qdf xfd|f y'k|} sd/]8x? zxLb x'g' ePsf] 5, xu'N6], 5]8f, nf]8]3f6 nufotsf y'k|} o'4:yn ToxfF kb{5g .Ú  xfd|f] ultlawL cGo bnh:t} lhNnf ;b/d'sfd s]lGb|t eP, e§n] eg] …xfdL ufpF s]lGb|t x'g rfxfG5f}F .Ú

Plss[t g]skf dfcf]afbL 8f]6Lsf] k|yd lhNnf ;Dd]ng a}zfv !! ut] x'g] ePsf] 5 . a}zfv klxnf] ;ftf x'g] elgPsf] ;Dd]ng ;b:otf glas/0f ug]{ qmd hf/L /x]sfn] ;Dd]ng s]xL lbg l9nf] ePsf] ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf ;+of]hs lqnf]rg e§n] hfgsf/L lbP .

;b:otf glas/0f / ;d{ys ;b:otf lat/0f r}q !% ut];Dd u/L ;Sg' kg]{ atfPsf] dfcf]afbLn] gla/s0fsf nfuL r}q @@ ut] ;Dd Dofb yk u/]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf u|fld0f efudf ;b:otf glas/0fsf] sfd lta| ?kdf eO{/x]sf] O{nfsf–( sf O{~rfh{ dx]Zj/ ef6n] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g . Pdfcf]afbL 8f]6Lsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldltsf] cfO{taf/ a;]sf] a}7sn] ;Dd]ngnfO{ Aojl:yt / dof{lbt agfpgsf nfuL & cf]6f tof/L ;ldlt ;d]t u7g u/]sf]  ;+of]hs e§n] hfgsf/L lbP . ;ldltsf ;+of]hsx?df ;+u7gfTds tyf /fhg}lts k|lta]bg lqnf]rg e§ -;+sNk_, cfly{s ;ldlt h+u la=s= -z}n]Gb|_, Aoa:yfkfg lzal;+ cf]nL, ;+u7gfTds clen]v hgfb{g hf]zL, cg'zf;g tyf cfrf/ ;+lxtf l;4/fh ef6, k|rf/ k|;f/ ;ldlt df]xg ad, :jo+;]as dLg axfb'/ 3tL{ -laZj_ / lgjf{rg ;ldlt ;+of]hs 6+s u'?ª /x]sf cfof]hs ;ldlt 8f]6Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .  cfof]hs ;ldltdf s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/, /fHo ;Nnfxsf/ / k"j{ /fHo ;ldlt ;b:ox?sf] !( ;b:oLo /x]sf] 5 . lhNnf ;Dd]ngdf k|ltlgwL / ko{a]{Ifs u/L @ ;o %) hgf ;xefuL x'g] ePsf 5g . ufpFdf pT;fxsf ;fy ;b:otf glas/0fsf] sfd eO{/x]sf] g]tf lzjl;+ cf]nLn] atfP .

dfcf]afbL ;lra laKna 8f]6L cfpFb}

g]skf–dfcf]afbLsf s]Gb|Lo ;lra g]q laqmd rGb …laKnaÚ 8f]6L ef]nL a'3af/ 8f]6L cfpg] ePsf 5g . g]skf–dfcf]afbL 8f]6Lsf] k|yd lhNnf ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g ug{  8f]6L cfpg] ePsf 5g .

dfcf]afbL 8f]6Lsf ;x– ;lrj u0f]z /}sfn -/f]zg_ n] pQm s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g . laKna dfcf]afbL leqsf k|v/ aQmf zlQmzfnL g]tfsf] 5jL agfPsf g]tf x'g . kf6L{ ;+u7gleq alnof] ks8 hdfPsf g]tf rGbsf] x/]s    s'/f cy{k"0f{ dflgG5 . o;eGbf klxnf /fHo a}7ssf qmddf ;'b"/klZrd k'u]sf a]nf rGbn] /fhf;+u klg Pstf x'g ;Sg] atfPkl5 lgs} rrf{df cfPsf lyP . tTsfnLg Plss[t dfcf]jfbL laefhg ug]{df k|d'v e'ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ JolQm dflgPsf g]tf rGb kl5Nnf] ;do kf6L{ Pstfsf kIfdf af]Nb} cfPsf 5g .

lhNnf ;Dd]ng sf] ;Dk"0f{ tof/L k'/f ePsf] g]skf–dfcf]afbLsf 8f]6L O{~rfh{ laa]s s'dfnn] atfP . sfo{qmddf ;fdgf  ;fF:s[lts kl/jf/sf] k|:t'lt ;d]t /xg] ePsf] 5 .

…gofF hgafbL qmflGtsf] lglDt hglab|f]xsf] tof/Ldf b[9tfk"a{s cl3 a9f}FÚ eGg] d'n gf/fsf ;fy g]skf–dfcf]afbLsf] k|yd lhNnf ;Dd]ng a'waf/ b]lv lhNnf ;b/d'sfd l;nu9Ldf ;? x'g nfusf] xf] . ;Dd]ngn] gofF g]t[Tj ;d]t rog ug]{ ePsf] 5 .

xftw'g] k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg

g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo tyf k|fylds pkrf/ kl/of]hgf / vKt8 pkzfvf ;fgfuf+p, 8f]6Lsf] ;lqmotfdf ut a'wjf/ uflj;l:yt  k|fylds ljBfno :t/Lo xftw'g] k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

;fgfuf+p uflj;sf] :jf:Yo ;+s6fled'vtf / Go"g ;/;kmfO{sf] cj:yfnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ ;/;kmfO{ tyf :jf:Yo Jojxf/ k|j4{g / ;d'bfosf] ljkb pTyfglzntf tyf k|fylds pkrf/ ;]jf ;d]t nfO{ k|j4{g ug]{ p2]Zon] ci6«]lnog /]8qm;sf] ;xof]udf h'nfO{ @)!@ b]lv ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo tyf k|fylds pkrf/ kl/of]hgf ;~rfng eO{/x]sf] 5 .

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

lzIffaf6 al~rt

8f]6Lsf] uu'8f uflj; ^ uf]7sfF8fdf /xsf] a]tfn  jfnlasf; s]Gb| kfos kg]{ 7fpFaf6  x6fpbfF  @) afnaflnsf lzIff kfpgjf6 jl~rt ePsf 5g\ .

 jfn ljsf; s]Gb|nfO{ di6]Zj/ dfWoflds ljBfnodf ;dfof]hg ubf{ ToxfFsf jfnjflnsf lzIffjf6 jl~rt ePsf x'g .

afnaflnsfnfO{ laBfno k'Ug s/La @ 306f nfUg] u/]sf] 5 .  laBfno / s]xL :yfgLosf] ldn]dtf]df afnlasf; s]Gb| laBfnodf ;f/]kl5 laBfyL{  lzIffaf6 k'0f{ ?kdf al~rt ePsf 5g . 

uf]7sfF8fsf #) 3/w'/Lsf @) afnaflnsf /x]sf 5g . laBfnodf cfwfl/t afnlasf; s]Gb| ltg aif{b]lv uf]7sfF8faf6 aRrfx?nfO{ laBfno k'Ug ;d:of b]lvPkl5 ;fd'bfodf :yfkgf ul/Psf] lyof] . xfn s]Gb|nfO{ laBfnodf ;f/]sf] :yfgLonfO{ hfgsf/L 5}g .

xf]6ndf cfunfuL

a'waf/ lhNnf ;b/d'sfd l;nu9Ldf /x]sf] Ps xf]6ndf cfunfuL x'Fbf s/La ! nfv a/fa/sf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf– @ df /x]sf] af]u6fg xf]6ndf laB't ;6{ x'Fbf cfunfuL ePsf] xf] .

xf]6ndf cfunfuL x'Fbf kmlg{r/, 6]a'n, 6]lnlehg, nQf sk8f / xf]6ndf x/]sf cGo ;fdfu|Lx? hn]sf] xf]6n dflns dxfb]a ef/tLn] hfgsf/L lbP . laB't sfof{no l;nu9Lsf k|flalws k|]d gfyn] ld6/ aS;df PS;kfo/ x'Fbf cfunfuL ePsf] atfP .

laDasf !) jif{ -s:n] s] eg]_

ævÆ ju{jf6 æsÆ ju{sf] klqsf jgf];

bz aifL{o ofqf kf/ ub}{ !! cf}+ aifL{o ofqfsf qmddf /x]sf] o; laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxsn] cfkm\gf] bzf}F aflif{s pT;asf] cfof]hgf ul//x]sf] 5 . o; ca;/df d laDa ;fKtflxs nfO{ z'esfdgf lbg rfxfG5' . ævÆ au{df /x]sf] laDa ;fKtflxs lgs6 elaiod} æsÆ au{df k'Ug ;kmn xf]; .

laDa eGbf klxnf klg / kl5 klg w]/} klqsf k|sfzgdf cfPsf /x]5g t/ oxfF clxn] s]xL klqsf afx]s cGo k|sfzgdf 5}gg\ . 8f]6L lhNnfdf laut nfdf] ;do b]lv lg/Gt/ k|sfzgdf /x]sf] laDa 8f]6]nL hgtfsf] k|ltlaDa agf];\ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 xflb{s z'esfdgf AoQm ug{ rfxfG5' .

d oxfF cfPkl5 d}n] laDa ;fKtflxs lgoldt ?kdf k|sfzg eO{/x]sf] kfPsf] 5' . o;n] ubf{ xfdLnfO{ sfd ug{ ;lhnf ePsf] d}n] dx;'; u/]sf] 5' . laz]if u/L /fdx/L lhsf] cys k|of; kZrft oxfF k'u]sf] xf] h:tf] nfUb 5 . km]/L klg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf 5 .

k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs

hgsjxfb'/ zfxL

u/Ljsf] cfjfh klg cfpg' k5{

nId0f v8sf -cWoIf_

u};; dxf;+3, 8f]6L zfvf

laDa ;fKtflxsn] lhNnfsf b''/b/fhsf ;dfrf/x? klg Nofpg u/]sf] / cem} u|fld0f e]usf ;dfrf/x?df s]lGb|t x'g' kg]{ b]lvG5 . lhNnfsf cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;'zf;g, kf/bzL{tf nufotsf If]qdf laDasf] 7'nf] of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . laDa ;fKtflxsn] !) aifL{o ofqf k'/f u/]sf] ca;/df laDa kl/jf/nfO{ xflb{s wGoafb ;lxLt ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf AoQm ub{5' . cfufdL lbgx?df 8f]6Lsf] u/LjL Go'lgs/0fsf] ;jfndf klg laDa ;fKtflxsn] snd rnfcf]; eGg] cfu|x 5 .

;~rf/sf] If]qdf 8f]6L w]/} k5f8L 5

laDa ;fKtflxsn] !) aifL{o ofqf to u/]sf] 5 z'esfdgf 5 . laDa ;fKtflxsn] !) aif{sf cg'ea l;sfO{ / r'gf}ltx? xfdL ;dIf k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . ;~rf/sf If]qdf cem} w]/} sfd ug{ ;kmn xf]; eGg] z'esfdgf AoQm ug{ rfxfG5' .  o; klqsfnfO{ oxfF;Dd k'¥ofpg ;xof]u ug]{ @ hgfnfO{ cfh clegGbg u/]sf] 5 pxfFx?nfO{ klg wGoafb AoQm ub{5' .

vf;} d}n] klqsfut laifodf eGg' kg]{ 5}g . lautsf lbg kqklqsfsf ;fyLx?nfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] u/]sf] s'/f klg cl3 cfof] k|zf;g klg /fHo leqsf] lgsfo xf], To;}n] /fHosf] gLlt lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog ug]{ qmddf kqsf/x?dfyL To:tf] ePsf] x'g ;S5 olb /fHosf gLlt sfof{Gjog u/]g eg] pQm k|zf;g / k|zf;s c;kmn x'g] ePsfn] klg xf]nf To; k|sf/sf] Aoaxf/ x'g uPsf] xf]nf .

;du| 8f]6Lsf] s'/f ubf{v]/L xfdL k5f8L ePsf] s'/f ;fyLx?n] p7fpg' ePsf] 5, k5f8L 5 eGg] nfU5 . sfof{no k|d'v eP/ sfd u/]sf] d]/f] & cf}F lhNnf xf], ;]S;g clkm;/ ePsf]  8f]6L !! cf}F lhNnf xf] . lt lhNnfx? eGbf oxfF ld8Lofsf] lasf; k5f8L 5 . kl5 xfdL o; sf/0fn] 5f}F ls xfd|f] ;du| lasf; k5f8L 5 . c? If]q lasl;t x'Fb} hfFbf of] If]qsf] klg lasf; x'G5 . :yfgLo kqklqsf k|a4g ug]{ sfd xfd|f] xf] eGg] :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ nfUg' kb{5 . la1fkgsf] lat/0f ubf{ ;dfg'kflts lsl;dn] lat/0f ug{  h?/L /x]sf] 5 .

la1fkg kfPsf] a]nf klqsf lgsfNbf /fd|f] Dof;]h hfFb}g . kqsfl/tf Aoa;flos aGg ;s]g, Aoa;flos aGbf lhagofkg t x'g' k¥of] Û To;f] klg x'g g;Sbf xfdL sxfF ;d:of a9]sf] 5 . laleGg k]zf ckgfPsf AolQmn] kqsfl/tf u/]sf] klg e]l6G5 . kqsf/x?n] ;+:yfx?n] u/]sf uNtLx? ;fj{hlgs ubf{ ;lRrg afWo x'G5g . ka{sf] a]nfdf lg:sg] klqsf klg x'G5g\ cGo lhNnfdf sfd ul//x]sf] ;Gbe{df d}n] b]v]sf] s'/f . xfdLaf6 sxfF s] sdhf]/L ePsf 5g, d t rfxfG5' ;dfrf/ lgsfNg' k5{ . kqsf/x?n] Odf]:fgn va/x? klg aflx/ NofpF5g / Nofpg kb{5 .

ld8Lof If]qdf /fhgLltsf] s'/f ubf{ !* aif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] gful/s dtbftf ePsfn] p s;} g s;};+u hf]l8Psf] 5 To;}n] larf/ /fVg' :jtGqtfsf] s'/f xf] eg] slt;Dd ug]{ eGg] d'Vo s'/f xf] .

k|lhc lbks sfkm\n]

æsÆ au{df k'Ug ;kmn xf];

laDan] !) aif]{ ofqf ;kmntf k"j{s k'/f u/]sf]df d / d]/f] kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf lbg rfxfG5' . laleGg s7LgfO{x?sf afah'b lg/Gt/ k|sfzg eof] To;sf nfuL wGoafb  5 . cem} o;sf] lasf;sf nfuL ug'{ kg]{ e'ldsfsf nfuL xfdL k|lta4 5f}F . ;fKtflxs klqsf dfq geO{ b}lgs klqsf ;~rfng ul/g' kb{5 . lhNnfaf6 k|sfzg x'g] klqsfx? lg/Gt/ gePsf] ca:yf 5 . ;a} kqsf/ ;fyLx?n] klg To; tkm{ Wofg lbg' kb5{

ei6frf/sf la?4df tkfO{x?n] ;~rfng u/]sf] cleofgsf sf/0f ;dfhdf 7'nf] lasf; x'g] ePsfn] laDasf] Wofg cem} Tot} tkm{ hfj; eGg] rfxfG5' . ld8Lofsf] ;zQm lasf; gx'~h]n s'g} klg If]qsf] lasf; x'g g;Sg] ePsfn] ld8Lofsf] lasf; x'g h?/L 5 . clxn] …vÚ au{df /x]sf] klqsf lgs6 elaZodf æsÆ au{Dff k'Ug ;kmn xf]; eGb} xflb{s wGoafb lbg rfxfG5' .

u0f]z lai6

 g]skf Pdfn]

laDa 8f]6]nL hgtfsf] k|ltlaDa xf]

d klg åGå kqsfl/tf b]lv xfn ;Dd kqsfl/tf If]qaf6 cfPsf] x'F . dnfO{ uj{ nfU5 lhNnf k|Zff;g sfof{no 8f]6LDff !( cf]6f klqsf btf{ 5g . laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxs !) aif{;Dd lg/Gt/ ?kdf k|sfzg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5, 8f]6L  lhNnfsf va/x? nfO{ $& cf]6f lhNnfdf k'/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 .

8f]6L lhNnfdf kqsfl/tf ;DjGwL laleGg ;d:ofx? x'Fbf x'Fb} klg laDa ;fKtflxsn] cfkm\gf] !) aif]{ nfdf] O{ltxf; sfod u/]sf] 5 . af:tlas ?kdf laDa 8f]6]nL hgtfsf] k|ltlaDa ag]sf] 5  laz]if u/L d ;Dkfbs /fdx/L cf]emf nfO{ wGoafb lbg rfxfG5' . klqsfnfO{ btf{ ug{ ;a} eGbf ;lhnf] ePsf] ePklg lg/Gt/tf lbg lgs} ufx|f] x'G5 . 8f]6L lhNnfaf6 k|sfzg x'g] klqsfx?dWo] laDa Psdfq klqsf auL{s/0fdf kg{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . To;sf nfuL /fdx/L lhsf] l6dnfO{ wGoafb lbg rfxfG5' .

laDasf] olx cleofg lg/Gt/ /xf]; . o;df xfdLn] v]Ng' kg]{ ;s/fTds e'ldsfsf nfuL xfdL ;w}F tof/ /x]sf 5f}F .  o;nfO{ b}lgs ?kdf ;~rfg ug]{ xf] sL Û csf]{ gofF b}lgs t/ olx 6Ldn] ;~rfng ug{ ;lsG5 . xfd|f l5d]sL lhNnf ld8Lofsf] If]qdf w]/} c3f8L 5g xfdL pgLx? eGbf w]/} k5f8L 5f}F . ld8Lof If]qsf] lasf;sf nfuL d]/f] AolQmut tkm{af6 / d]/f] kf6L{ k|lta4 /x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxfG5f}F

laDan] nf]stGqsf] kIfdf cfGbf]ng u/]sf] 5, 8f]6Lsf] nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngdf dxTjk'0f{ of]ubfg 5 . ;a}n] pRr pNofÍg ug'{ kb5{ . laDa ;fKtflxsn] bnLo /fhgLlt eGbf klg lg/ªs';tfsf la?4df cfGbf]ng u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf .

e/t af]x/f

Pdfcf]afbL

dnfO{ )^@÷^# sf] ofb cfof]=====

laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxsn] bzf}F aif{ kf/ u/]sf] ca;/df z'esfdgf AoQm ug{ rfxfG5' . dnfO{ nfUb5 laDan] cfkm\gf] kl/kf6L ;'? u/]sf] 5 lg/Gt/tfsf] . laDa ;fKtflxsn] cfkm\gf P]ltxfl;s c+sx? b]vfpFbf dnfO{ )^@÷^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] ofb       cfof] . ;Dk'0f{ kqsfl/tfsf] ;xof]udf lgs} 7'nf] cfGbf]ng  eof] . To; cfGbf]ngsf s]xL emnsx? oxfF b]lvof], cfGbf]ngsf :d/0f ePsf] 5 .

jf:tadf xfdL ;a} lhNnf eGbf ld8Lofsf] If]qdf k5f8L 5f}F eGg] yfxf x'Fbfx'Fb} xfdLn] lasf; ug{ ;s]gf}F . lhNnfdf e/s/} dfq PkmPdsf] ;'?jft ePsf] 5 . laDasf] lasf;sf nfuL sxfFg]/ bnx?sf] OGk'6 rflxG5    eGg'xf]; . xfdL tof/ 5f}F . ;+rf/u[x / kqsf/x?sf lardf klg cfk;L ;dGw lr;f] b]lvG5 . of] ;DjGw ;'wf/ Nofpg' k5{ .

laDa ;fKtflxs lg/Gt/ ?kdf k|sfzg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 oxfFsf ;a} klqsf/x?n] laDa h:t} lasf; x'g kb{5 . laDa ;fKtflxssf] lasf;sf nfuL d]/f] AolQmut ?kdf / d]/f] kf6L{sf] hxfF e'ldsf cfaZos kb{5 ToxfF xfd|f] pkl:ylt x'g] 5 . 8f]6Lsf] klqsfsf] O{ltxf;df 5'§} O{ltxf; agfPsf] laDa ;fKtflxssf] ofqf lg/Gt/ /xf]; eGGf] sfdgf ub{5' . lhNnfdf x'g} ;a} k|sf/sf unt lqmofsnfksf] la/f]w ug{ ;sf]; oxL sfdgf ub{5' .

laDa ;fKtflxsnfO{ b}lgs klqsfsf] ?kdf lasf; ug{sf nflu gofF of]hgf jgfpg' cfu|x ub}{ o; cj;/df d Ps k6s k'gM z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5'

nfn axfb'/ las

g]kfnL sf+u|];

b}lgs jGg' k5{ laDa ;fKtflxs

laDa ;fKtflxsn] !) aif{ k'/f u/]sf] ca;/df xflb{s z'esfdgf AoQm ub{5' . /fdx/L hLn] lautsf aif{x?sf ;dfrf/ s6Lªx? b]vfpFbf dnfO{ !) aif{ cl3sf] 8f]6]nL kqsfl/tf dgg\ u/]F . of] k|:t'ltn] lautsf aif{x?df 8f]6]nL kqsf/x?n] em]Ng' k/]sf] ;d:ofsf] jf:tljs lrq k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . oxfF 8f]6Lsf] kqsfl/tfsf] laifodf oxfF w]/} s'/fx? p7]sf 5g . clxn] kqsfl/tfsf] lasf; ePsf] 5 t/ klg 8f]6Lsf] kqsfl/tf If]q  w]/} k5f8L /x]sf] 5 . eGbf laDa ;fKtflxssf] ;'?jft;+u} 8f]6]nL kqsfl/tfsfdf /fd|f] lasf; ePsf]  5 . cj laDa ;fKtflxs b}lgs klqsf jGg' k5{ . To;sf nflu kqsf/ dxf;+3n] s] ug'{ k5{ xfdL tof/ 5f}+ . 

ldg ad -cWoIf_

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 8f]6L

w]/} w/} z'esfdgf laDa ;fKtflxsnfO{ bz aifL{o nfdf] ofqfnfO{ a]ltt ub}{ !! cf}F aif{sf] ofqfdf 5 . xfd|f] efiffdf eGbf !! aif{ b]lv !* aif{ pd]/ ;d'xsf AolQmnfO{ lszf]/ ca:yf eGg] ub{5f}F . laDa ;fKtflxs klg ca lszf]/fa:yfdf k'u]sf] 5, ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf .

lhNnfdf nfdf]  ;do b]lv lqmoflzn kqsf/x?n] cl3 laut b]lvsf]  O{ltxfF; atfpg' eof] / /fdx/L hLn] klg lhNnfsf] kqsfl/tfsf] Oltxf; / d'Vo ;dfrf/x?sf emns klg b]vfpg' eof] . ToxfFaf6 klg xfdL k|:6 x'G5f}F lautdf o; lhNnfsf] kqsfl/tf slt h/h/ lyof] eGg] .

d]/f] laDa ;fKtflxs;+u cfu|x s] eg] ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf laifodf klg 5'§} :tDe jgfP/ hfg ;lsG5 eg] lgoldt :tDe agfO{b]a; / lhNnfdf Ps klg b}lgs gePsf] ca:yfdf b}lgssf nfuL k|of; u/f];\ eGb} o; ;fKtflxsn] æsÆ ju{df k'Ugsf nflu    /fv]sf] nIf k'/f xf]; eGg] sfdgf 5 .

b'uf{ e08f/L a/fn

dlxnf lasf; clws[t

laDa ;fKtflxs 8f]6]nL kqsfl/tfsf] Psdfq klqsf xf] eGbf km/s knf{ h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g . laDan] clxn];Dd /fd|f] u/]sf] 5 . sltko ;dfrf/x? k|sfzgsf qmdsf 8f]6]nL kqsf/x?n] Wofg glbPsf] h:tf] klg nfU5 . ;dfrf/df lje]b eO{/x]sf] h:tf] klg dnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 . ca b]lv To:tf] s'/fdf kqsf/ ;fyLx?n] Wofg lbg' xf]nf eGg rxfG5' . ;dfrf/df cfPsf s'/fx?df ;DjlGwt lgsfon] Wofg lbg' k5{ / sxLF st} bf]ifLx? /x]sf 5g\ eg] sfg"gL pkrf/ ug'{ k5{ eGg] xf] cGoyf To;f] gu/] ;a}nfO{ kfk nfUnf axfb'/ v8\sf

/fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{, 8f]6L 

8f]6]n] kqsfl/tfdf laDa ;fKtflxsn] cfkm\gf] !) jif{ k'/f u/L !! cf}+ jif{df k|a]z u/]sf] 5 . of] laDa ;fKtflxssf] dfq geO{ cfd 8f]6]nL kqsf/x?sf] !) jif{ k'u]sf] 5 eGg' k5{ . 8f]6Ldf @)$# ;fndf 5fkfvfgfsf] :yfkgf ePsf] O{ltxf; 5 . klxn] b]lvg} 8f]6Ldf c5fd, aemfË, 88]Nw'/f, afh'/f nufotsf lhNnfx?af6 klqsfx?  5kfO{sf nfuL cfpg] u/]sf lyP t/ clxn] xfd|f] lhNnfsf] eGbf /fd|f] ljsf; cGo lhNnfx?df ePsf] 5 . Tof] elg/xFbf cfkm}nfO{ cK7]/f] ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo:t/df xfdL cGo ldl8ofsf ;fyLx?n] hlt snd rnfPsf 5f}+ Tof] eGbf a9L laDa ;fKtlxsn] snd rnfPsf] 5 . To;}n] klg laDa k|z+;fsf] kfq ag]sf] xf] . laDa ;fKtflxs, laDa ;fKtflxs l6dsf] dfq xf]O{g, 8f]6Lsf cfd ;+rf/sdL{x?sf] klg xf] laDa, of] klqsf eg]sf] kf7sx?sf] klg xf], ;/sf/L lgsfox?sf] klg xf], laDa ;fKtflxs cfd 8f]6Laf;Lx?sf] klg xf] .

df]xg zfxL

sflGtk'/ ;Djftbftf 8f]6L

8f]6Ldf clxn];Dd laDa ;fKtflxsn] ;To 36gf ;To ;fdfrf/x? k|sfzg ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] xfdLn] kfPsf 5f}+ . 8f]6Ldf nfdf] ;do;Dd cfkm\gf] k|sfzg sfod /fVg] Ps dfq klqsf laDa ;fKtflxs g} xf] . of] /fd|f] s'/f klg xf] . h:tf] )^@÷)^# sf] cfGbf]ngsf] s'/fx? 5 Tof] a]nf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjdf tftf]– tftf] gfdsf] a'n]l6g k|sfzg u/]sf] lyof] To;sf] ;Dkfbgsf] lhDdf klg /fdx/L cf]emfsf] g} lyof] . Tof] a]nf laDan] xfd|f] 7fFpaf6 cfGbf]ngsf nfuL e'ldssf v]n]sf] lyof] eg] d ;f] ;do u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf 8f]6L zfvfsf] cWoIf kbdf /x]sf] lyP . 8f]6Lsf ;a}n] cfGbf]ngsf] qmdsf ;xof]u ug'{ ePsf] klg xf] . o; If]qdf ePsf ljsf; lgdf{0f b]lv ko{6gsf] If]qdf 8f]6]nL kqsf/ Ho'x?n] sd} p7fpg] ug'{ ePsf] h:tf] dnfO{ nflu/x]sf] 5, ;lsG5 eg] Tof] klg p7fpg] lt/ nfUg' k5{ eGg] d]/f] wf/0ff klg xf] .

nfn jxfb'/ af]u6L

uflj; ;lra xslxt ;+/If0f ;ldlt 8f]6L

;j{k|yd, ljDa ;fKtflxs 8f]6L cfkm\gf] !) jif{ k'/f u/L !! cf}+ j;Gtdf  k|j]zsf] ;+3f/df ;'gf}nf] ofqftkm{ cuf9L j9\g] z'ecj;/df xflb{s z'esfdgf tyf wGoafb JoQm ub{5' . nf]stGq,  dfgjclwsf/,  gful/s :jtGqtf tyf gful/s ;jf]{Rrtf / gful/s ;'/Iffsf] ;Gb{edf s'/f ubf{ ;}4flGts / a:t'ut lx;fjn] ;~rf/ If]q cyjf k|]z :jtGqtf nf]stGqsf] d'Vo cfwf/ x'g .

ljsf;sf b[li6sf]0fn] k5f8L kfFl/b} cfPsf] o; 8f]6L lhNnf /fli6«o /fhgLlt tyf /fli6«o ljsf;sf] k|fyldstfdf kg{ g;ls/x]sf] ca:yf / b]zdf /fhg}lts lx;jfn] r/d åGå cyjf ;z:q hgo'4 rln/x]sf] ca:yfdf lhNnfdf     dfgjclwsf/, gful/s clwsf/ tyf ;fdflhs, cfly{s / ljsf;sf lx;fjn] cfem]ndf k/]sf ;jfn Pj+ ;d'bfosf] clwsf/sf nfuL cfkmgf] e"ldsfnfO{ :yflkt ug{ ljut @)^) :ffndf :yfkgf eO{ ;~rf/ hutsf] d"No dfGotfnfO{ cIo"0f jgfpg 8f]6L ljDa ;fKtflxs klqsf :yfkgf ePsf] d}n] dx;'; u/]sf] 5' .

pQm klqsf cleofgsf ?kdf cfkm\gf sfd sf/jfxLnfO{ cem} hgd'vL jgfpg k|Toglzn /xg]5 eGg] ljZjf;sf ;fy cfufdL lbgdf ljDa 8f]6Ln] b}lgs klqsfsf] ?kdf k|sfzg u/L cfkm\gf] bfo/fnfO{ km/flsnf] jgfpg] 5 eGg] z'e]Iff ;xLt xflb{s wGoafb Pj+ oxfFsf] cleofgdf k"0f{ P]lSoa4tf Pj+ pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] z'e sfdgf JoQm ub{5' .

clw/fh lj=;L=

cWoIf

;d ljsf; s]Gb| -EDC_ g]kfn 8f]6L

;"rgf      ;"rgf   ;"rgf

g]kfn 6]lnsdn] PSTN (cfwf/e't 6]lnkmf]]g_ ;]jf nfO{ ;do ;fk]If u'0f:t/Lo agfpg] p2]Zon] k'/fgf] E10 Exchage af6 ;Grfngdf /x]sf 6]lnkmf]g nfO{gnfO{ gof MSAG Exchange af6 ;Grfng ug]{ s|ddf tklznsf 6]lnkmf]g gDa/x? kl/jt{g x'g] Aoxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}df hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . o; af6 u|fxs ju{df kg{ hfg] c;'ljwfk|lt g]kfn 6]lnsd Ifdfk|fyL 5 .                          

gDa/ kl/jt{g x'g] Pl/of M l;nu9L jhf/sf] OGb|rf]s cf;kf; / lbkfonsf] lkkNnf tyf Pc/kf]6{ Pl/of .                                              

kl/jt{g x'g] ldlt M @)&).!@.!* ut] af6 OGb|rf]s Pl/of / @)&).!@.@% af6 lkkNnf tyf Pc/kf]6{ Pl/of                                   

lkkNnf ahf/ tyf Pc/kf]6{  Pl/ofsf 6]]lnkmf]g g+= x?

 

;dfh ;]jf

SAMAJ SEWA  

Silgadhi, Doti

k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&).!@.!&

cfjZostf

;+:yfsf] kl/ro M ;dfh ;]jfn] lhNnfsf cfd ;d'bfosf] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ;zlQms/0f, pknAw ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] kl/rfng / vf]hLaf6 ;]jfd'ns sfo{df lqmoflzn 5 . ;dfh ;]jf 8f]6Ln] ul/jL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf  æcfo cfh{g tyf nB' pBd lasf;4f/f ;zlQms/0f sfo{s|dÆ, 8f]6L lhNnfsf !! j6f uf=lj=;=x? -n8fu8f, ltvft/, afz'b]jL, 3f+Ën, b'uf{df08f}+, s]bf/cv8f, sfgfrf}/, l;drf}/ nfgfs]bf/]Zj/, sflnsf:yfg, dxfb]j:yfg / lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf_ df ;~rfng ul//x]sf]] 5 / xfn l/Qm /x]sf] n8fu8f uf=lj=;= / gu/kflnsfsf] nfuL  lgDg cg';f/sf] sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZostf ePsf]n] of] lj1fkg k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

kb  M ;fdlhs kl/rfns 

kb ;+Vof M ! -Ps_ hgf

d'Vo lhDd]jf/L M ;d'x u7g tyf kl/rfng, cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs sf/f]jf/, ;d'xsf] cfly{s tyf k|ult k|ltj]bg tof/, art tyf C0f kl/rfng, ;d'bfosf] kl/of]hgf k|:tfj tof/ / PRA -;fdflhs tyf ;|f]t gS;f / ;DkGgtf :tl/s/0f _ ug{ ;Sg] .

cfjZos of]Uotf M SLC kf; .

sfo{ If]q         M n8fu8f uf=lj=;= / gu/kflnsf .

dfl;s tna     M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ x'g]5 .

k|fyldstf        M ;DalGwt If]q, blnt, dlxnf / hghftLnfO{ ljz]if u|xfotf lbO{g] 5 .

5gf}6 k|lqmof    M 5f]6f] ;"lr, lnlvt / cGtjf{tf  .

kl/Iff b:t'/     M ?= #))

;Dks{ ldlt     M @)&)÷!@÷@$ 

dfly pNn]lvt kbsf nflu !* jif{ k'/f eO{ ^) jif{ ggf3]sf] cfjZos of]Uotf  k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sx¿n] b/vf:t ;lxt cfk\mgf] afof]8f6f, g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk, z}lIfs of]Uotf / sfo{ cg'ejsf k|df0fkqsf k|ltlnlk ;lxt lj1fkg k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq  ;dfh ;]jf l;nu9Ldf cfOk'Ug]u/L k7fpg' x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . 5f]6f] ;"lrdf k/]sf pDd]bjf/nfO{ dfq lnlvt k/LIffdf ;dfj]z u/fO{g]5 .                                              kb k'lt{ ;ldlt 

jN8{ lehg cGt/fli6«o g]kfn 8f]6L, ;dfg kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| -l;8_ g]kfn, lhNnf jfn sNof0f ;ldlt / laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxsåf/f hf/L

jfn ;+/If0f ;Gb]z

afn ;+/If0fsf] ;/f]sf/sf ;jfnx¿ lsg x'G5g\ <

afn ;+/If0fsf] ;/f]sf/sf ;jfnx¿ lgDg lnlvt sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ x'g ;S5g\ M

¨ d[To', /f]uJoflw, PrcfO{eL ;ª\j|md0f, dfgl;s /f]u, cfdfa'afsf] ;DaGw ljR5]b h:tf cgk]lIft 36gfx¿ x'gfn]

¨ afnaflnsfx¿sf] ;+/If0f / ljsf; cfjZostfx¿sf] af/]df cfdfa'af jf :ofxf/stf{x¿df r]tgfsf] sdL x'gfn] pgLx¿sf] Jojxf/n] afnaflnsfnfO{ Iflt k'u] klg ;+/If0f jf d2t ul//x]sf] 7fg]sf x'g ;S5g\ jf csf{] tl/sfn] s;/L Jojxf/ ug{] eGg] yfxf gkfPsf x'g ;S5g\

¨ lglxt :jfy{, k};f jf zlQmsf] rnv]n x'gfn]

¨ ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s tyf ;fdflhs k|rngx¿ x'gfn], h:t} M aflnsfx¿, PrcfO{eL ;ª\j|mldtx¿ jf cGo hft hfltx¿ lj?4 e]befj

¨ ;|f]t ;fwgx¿ / r]tgfsf] cefj pTkGg u/fpg] ul/aL x'gfn]

¨ kfl/jfl/s ;~hfnx¿nfO{ tx;gx; kfg{] tyf afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ hf]lvdk"0f{ cj:yfdf ws]Ng] åGå / k|fs[lts ljklQx¿ x'gfn] .

afn ;+/If0fsf] ;/f]sf/sf ;jfnx¿sf] j]m k|efj x'G5 <

ðb'Jo{jxf/, pk]Iff, lx+;f / zf]if0fn] afnaflnsx¿nfO{ lgDglnlvt cj:yfdf k'¥ofpg ;S5 M

ðzf/Ll/s Iflt, 3fp rf]6 / /f]uJoflw

ðdgf]j}1flgs hl6ntfx¿, lg/fzf / lrGtf

ðdfgl;s jf zf/Ll/s ckfË

ðcfTdxTof, 3fp rf]6, /f]uJoflw / PrcfO{eL tyf P8\;af6 d[To'  ljBfnoaf6 jl~rt, h:t} M sfd ug{'kg{] ePsf]n]

ðhf]lvdsf] j[l4, h:t} M ;8s afnaflnsfx¿ nfu" kbfy{sf] hf]lvddf kg{ ;Sg'

ðul/aL, h:t} M lzIffsf] cefj, 3fp rf]6 jf ckfËtfsf  sf/0faf6 .

g]kfndf afnaflnsfx¿sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu j]m s:tf sfg'g 5g\ <

g]kfnsf] afnaflnsf ;DaGwL sfg'gx¿df d'Vo afnaflnsf;DaGwL Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]g @)$* xf] . afn clwsf/;DaGwL gofF sfg'g rfF8} kfl/t x'g nfu]sf] 5 .

afnaflnsf ;DaGwL P]gdf ePsf d'Vo afn clwsf/x¿  afnaflnsfx¿sf] :ofxf/;';f/, lzIff, :jf:Yo ;]jf / dgf]/~hg ;DaGwL clwsf/x¿ M oL cfdfa'af / :ofxf/stf{x¿sf lhDd]jf/L x'g\ .

e]befjaf6 ;+/If0f M cfdfa'afn] afnaflnsfx¿sf] x'sf{O, lzIffbLIff / :ofxf/ ;';f/df 5f]/f / 5f]/L, cfkm\gf] / wd{k'q jf wd{k'qL tyf j}w / cj}w ;GtfgaLr ;dfg Jojxf/ ug{} k5{ .

oftgf / j|"m/ Jojxf/af6 ;+/If0f M cleefjsx¿n] afnaflnsfnfO{ Iflt k'¥ofpg' x'Fb}g .

of}g zf]if0faf6 ;+/If0f M afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ cZnLn lrq0f, a]rlavg / j]Zofj[lQ nufot ;a} vfnsf of}g zf]if0faf6 hf]ufpg'k5{ .

hf]lvdo'St sfdaf6 ;+/If0f M afnaflnsfx¿sf] :jf:Yodf xflg k'Ug] vt/gfs sfdx¿df pgLx¿nfO{ nufpg' x'Fb}g .

cgfy / kl/ToSt afnaflnsfx¿sf] ;+/If0f M cleefjsTj ljxLg afnaflnsfx¿sf nflu /fHon] gft]bf/ jf cGo cleefjssf] Joj:yf ug{'k5{ .

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no 8f]6L, o'gfO{6]8 ld;g 6' g]kfn 8f]6L Sni6/, ;dfg kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| l;8 g]kfn / laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxs 8f]6Låf/f hglxtsf nflu hf/L æ:jf:Yo ;Gb]zÆ

k|hgg :jf:Yo ;DaGwL hfgsf/Ld"ns ;fdu|L

k|hgg\ :jf:Yo (Reproductive Health)

k|hgg\ :jf:Yo eg]sf] k|hgg\ k|0ffnL, k|hgg\ cË / o;sf sfo{ tyf k|lqmofx¿;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} s'/fx¿df s'g} /f]u jf sdhf]/L gePsf] cj:yf dfq geO{ k"0f{ ¿kdf zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s tyf ;fdflhs ;'v;'ljwfsf] k"0f{tf /x]sf] cj:yf xf] . o;df dflg;sf] of}g ;t+'li6 / ;'/lIft of}g hLjg ofkg ug]{ Ifdtf, ;Gtfg pTkfbg ug]{ Ifdtf / o; ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ug]{ :jtGqtf, k|hgg\ clwsf/ ;d]t ;dflxt ePsf x'G5g .

k|hgg\ :jf:Yo ;DaGwL tTjx? (Components of Reproductive Health)

/fli6o k«hgg\ :jf:Yo /0fgLltn] cGt/fli6«o dfGotfsf cfwf/df -;g\ !((&_ PsLst ¿kdf k|hgg\ :jf:Yo ;]jf pknAw u/fpgsf nflu ljleGg tTjx? ;dfj]z u/sf] 5 . tL tTjx? x'g M

¨ kl/jf/ lgof]hg

¨ ;'/lIft dft[Tj

¨ gjhft lzz'sf] :jf:Yo

¨ ue{ktgsf hl6ntfx¿sf pko'Qm Joj:yfkg

¨ of}g/f]u÷of}gfËsf] ;+qmd0f tyf PrcfO{eL÷P8;\

¨ afemf]kgsf] /f]syfd / Joj:yfkg 

¨ lszf/fj:yfsf]] k|hgg\ :jf:Yo

¨ pd]/ 9Ns]sf dlxnfx¿sf ;d:ofx¿ ljz]ift M k|hgg\ c+ux¿sf ;d:ofx? -kf7]3/ v:g], SofG;/ cflb_ sf] /f]syfd tyf pkrf/

xfn cfP/ n}lËs lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;f (gender based violence) nfO{ klg k|hgg\ :jf:Yo cGtu{t /fVg] sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 . 

k|hgg\ :jf:Yodf c;/ kfg]{ tTjx? (Factors Influencing Reproductive

Health)

¨ lrlsT;f ;DaGwL sf/0fx? (Medical factors) M

h:t} M dft[d[To', lzz'sf] d[To'

¨ ;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts sf/0fx? (Socio-cultural factors)

h:t} M Ufl/jL, lzIffsf] sdL, afn ljjfx, nfh / ;+sf]r, lnË, ju{, hftLo e]befj  ¨ /fhgLlts sf/0f (Political factors)

h:t} M /fhg}lts jsfnt, ;xeflutf, gLlt th'{df

¨ cflys sf/0fx? (Economic factors)

h:t} M s'kf]if0f, cfDbfgLsf] sdL, oftfoftsf] sl7gfO{

¨ Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sf/0fx? (Managerial factors)

h:t} M Eff}lts ;+/rgfsf] sdL, bIf :jf:YosdL{sf] cefj, u'0f:t/Lo :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] sdL .

k|hgg\ :jf:Yosf] cj:yf ;'b[l9s/0f (Improvement of Reproductive Health Situation)  

!= kl/jf/ lgof]hg cj:yf ;'b[9 ug{] (Improve Family Planning Status)M

g]kfn ;/sf/n] kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;]jf clw/fHoe/ pk:jf:Yo rf}sL, :jf:Yorf}sL tyf c:ktfnx¿ dfkm{t k'¥ofpFb} cfPsf] 5 . o;afx]s 3'DtL ;]jfsf]  k|fjwfg klg 5 h;n] :yfoL aGWofs/0f tyf c:yfoL kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;]jf klg k|bfg ub{5 . kl/jf/ lgofhg ;]jfdf dfu cg';f/sf] ;]jf cem} klg gkUbf] b]lvG5 .

@))^ sf] /fli6«o hg;+Vof tyf :jf:Yo ;e]{If0f cg';f/ g]kfndf ljjflxt !% b]lv $( jif{sf dlxnfdWo] $$ k|ltztn] cfw'lgs kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf ;fwg k|of]u ub{5g . hg;+Vof k|lt:yfkgsf lx;fan] of] k|ltzt ^& k'Ug' kg]{ x'G5 . 

g]kfndf pknAw k|dv ue{lg/f]wsf cfw'lgs ;fwg tyf pkfox?

¨ dlxnf – lkN;, cfO o' 8L, l8kf], g/Knf06, ldgLNofk

¨ k'?if – s08d, Eof;]S6f]dL

kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] cj:yf ;'49 ug'{

¨ kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;]jf lgoldt ?kdf pknJw u/fpg]–lhNnfdf c:ktfn tyf   k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|;Dd :YffoL jGWofs/0f ;]jf pknJw ug{] .

¨ lhNnfdf bIf :jf:YosdL{ lgoldt pknAw ug{] .

¨ kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;]jf pknJw ug]{ u}/ ;/sf/L, gLlh ;+:yf;+u cfjZos ;dGjo u/L pQm ;+:yfjf6 ;]jf pknAw x'g] ;'lgZrt ug]{ -lhDdf nufpg{]_ .

@= ;'/lIft dft[Tjsf] cj:yf ;'b'9 ug{] (Improve Safe Motherhood Status)

@))^ sf] /fli6«o hg;+Vof tyf :jf:Yo ;e]{If0f cg';f/ g]kfndf dft[ d[To[sf] cg'kft k|lt Psnfv hLljt hGddf @*! /x]sf] lyof] . bIf :jf:YosdL{af6 ue{jtL hfFr u/fpg] $$ k|ltzt lyP eg] bIf k|;'ltsdL{af6 k|;'lt u/fpg]x? !( k|ltzt lyP / :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf uO{ k|;'lt u/fpg]sf] ;+Vof !* k|ltzt dfq lyof] . Toltj]nf g]kfndf k|To]s rf/ 306fdf ! hgf cfdfsf] d[To' x'g] tYofFs lyof] 

dft[d[To'sf k|d'v tLg sf/0fx?df tLg r/0fsf l9nfO{x? 5g\  

¨ dlxnfnfO{ pkrf/ u/fpg] jf gu/fpg] eGg] lg0f{o ug{df l9nfO{ -3/ kl/jf/df_ ¨ dlxnfnfO{ :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf k'¥ofpgdf l9nfO{ -af6f]df_

¨ :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf ;]jf k|fKt ug{df l9nfO{ -:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf_

;'/lIft dft[Tjsf] cj:yf ;'b[9 ug{, 

¨ ue{jtL dlxnfsf] :ofxf/df kl/jf/sf] ;xof]u ;'lgZrt ug]{ -kf]if0f, cf/fd ue{jtL cj:yfdf :jf:YosdL{jf6 k/LIf0f u/fpg,] ;xof]u ug]{ 

¨ cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;lxt bIf k|;"ltsdL{sf] Joj:yf -lhNnfdf cfjZos kg{] k|;'lt sIf, zNnlqmof ug]{ sIf, cfjZos cf}hf/ tyf pks/0f, k|;'lt ;]jfsf] nflu tflnd k|fKt :jf:YosdL{ h:t} M cgdL, g;{, x]Ny cl;:6]G6, lrlsT;s, k|;'lt ljz]if1 ;]jf tyf j]xf]z u/L ;]jf lbg]] Joj:yf -8fS6/ jf cGo tflnd k|fKt :jf:YosdL{_ ldnfpg] 

¨ /St ;+rf/ ;]jf @$ 306f pknAw u/fpg] . 

¨ hGd kZrft cfdf / lzz'sf] ljz]if x]/rfx

¨ k|efjsf/L k|]if0f -/]km/n_ k|0ffnL

¨ kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;DaGwL hfgsf/L tyf ;]jf

¨ dlxnf tyf ;d'bfonfO{ ;'/lIft dft[Tj tyf gjhft lzz' :ofxf/sf nflu Jojxf/ kl/jt{g ;DaGwL hgr]tgf

¨ :yfgLo, /fli6«o tyf cGt//fli6«o ;+3 ;+:yfåf/f cfly{s tyf /fhg}lts k|lta4tf ¨ ;]jf lngsf] nflu cg's'n jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug]{ h:t}M cfsl:ds sf]if :yfkgf, oftfoft, ;fdflhs kl/rfng cflb .

#= gjhft lzz' :jf:Yosf] cj:yf ;'b[9 ug]{ (Improve Neonatal Health Status) 

¨ ue{jtLsf] plrt :ofxf/ tyf hfFr ug]{

¨ bIf k|;'tLsdL{af6 ;'/lIft ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] 

¨ gjhft lzz'nfO{ Gofgf] kfl/ /fVg], gjhft lzz'sf] :ofxf/ ug]{

¨ gjhft lzz'sf] ;/;kmfO{ 

¨ :tgkfg dfq u/fpg] (Exclusive breast feeding) 

¨ ;dod} ;a} vf]k nufpg]

¨ yk cfxf/ ;dod} lbg]  

¨ jfn /f]usf] Plss[t Joj:yfkg ug]{  -h'sfsf] cf}iflw / le6fldg P v'jfpFg] / :jf; k|Zjf; tyf emf8f kvfnf /f]usf] 3/]n' tyf :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf pkrf/ ug]{ tyf s'kf]if0f kQf nufpg] tyf cfjZos Joj:yfkg ug]{_

¨ rf]6 k6saf6 arfj6 ug]{  

g]kfndf :jf; k|Zjf; /f]u, emf8fkvfnf, s'kf]if0f afnaflnsfsf] k|d'v ;d:of xf] .

cfktsfnLg cj:yfdf x'g] dfgl;s :jf:Yo / dgf];fdflhs k|efjx¿

;d:ofx¿

cfktsfnLg cj:yfn] JolQm, kl/jf/, ;d'bfo / ;dfhsf ljleGg :t/x¿df w]/} k|sf/sf ;d:ofx¿ l;h{gf ub{5 . k|To]s txdf o;n] ;fdfGo ;'/Iff ;xof]u gi6 ub{5, ljljw ;d:ofx¿sf] hf]lvd a9fpFb5 / klxn]g} ePsf ;fdflhs cGofo / c;dfgtfsf ;d:ofx¿nfO{ cem w]/} a9fpFb5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu k|fs[lts ljklQx¿ h:t}M af9Ln] To:tf u/La dflg;x¿df c;dfg'kflts c;/ kfb{5, hf] t'ngfTds ¿kdf vt/fk"0f{ 7fpFx¿df al;/x]sf x'g ;S5g\ .

cfktsfnLg cj:yfdf dfgl;s :jf:Yo / dgf];fdflhs ;d:ofx¿ Hofb} cGt/;DalGwt x'g] ub{5g, tfklg oL vf; ;fdflhs jf dgf]j}1flgs k|s[ltsf x'g ;S5g\ . vf;u/L ;fdflhs k|s[ltsf dxTjk"0f{ ;d:ofx¿ lgDg lnlvt 5g\ M

ðcfktsfnLg cj:yfeGbf klxn] ljBdfg ;fdflhs ;d:ofx¿ -pbfx/0fM cToGt} ul/aL, e]befj ul/Psf] jf ;LdfGts[t ;d"xdf k/]sf, /fhgLlts bdg_,

ðcfktsfnLg cj:yfn] lgDTofPsf ;fdflhs ;d:ofx¿ -pbfx/0fM kfl/jfl/s la5f]8, ;fdflhs ;~hfn elTsg', ;fd'bflos ;+/rgfx¿, ;|f]tx¿ / ljZjf; gi6 x'g' n}+lËs lx+;f a9\g'_ 

ðdfgjLo ;xfotfn] lgDTofPsf ;fdflhs ;d:ofx¿ -pbfx/0fM ;fd'bflos ;+/rgfx¿ jf k/Dk/fut ;xof]u ;+oGqnfO{ jf:tf gug'{_ . To;}u/L vf; dgf]j}1flgs k|s[ltsf ;d:ofx¿M

ðklxNo} ePsf ;d:ofx¿ -pbfx/0fM uDeL/ dfgl;s c;Gt'ng, dfbskbfy{ b'Jo{;gL_,

ðcfktsfnLg cj:yfx¿n] lgDTofPsf ;d:ofx¿ -pbfx/0fM zf]s, cTolws tgfjsf ;d:ofx¿ h:t}M pbf;Lgtf / lrGtf /f]u, cf3fthGo 36gf kZrft x'g] tgfj -kL6LP;8L_ 

ðdfgjLo ;xfotf;DaGwL ;d:ofx¿ -pbfx/0f M vfB ljj/0f;DaGwL hfgsf/Lsf] cefjdf x'g] kL/lrGtf_ .

t;y{, cfktsfnLg cj:yfdf x'g] dfgl;s :jf:Yo tyf dgf];fdflhs ;d:ofx¿df cf3fthGo 36gf kZrft x'g] cTolws tgfjsf] cg'ej -kL6LP;8L_ nufot w]/} s'/f ;d]l6Psf] x'G5 .

;d:ofx¿sf] a9\bf] hf]lvddf k/]sf JolQmx¿ cfktsfnLg cj:yfx¿df ;a}hgfdf pNn]vgLo dgf]j}1flgs ;d:ofx¿ b]lvFb}gg\ jf ljsf; x'Fb}gg\ . w]/}h;f]n] k'g/fj:yf u|x0f ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf b]vfpF5g\ h;n] k|lts"n cj:yfdf t'ngfTds ¿kdf /fd|/L ;fdgf ug{ ;Sg] IfdtfnfO{ hgfpF5 . w]/} ;fdflhs, dgf]j}1flgs / h}ljs tTjx¿sf] cGt/lqmofn] ubf{ dflg;x¿df dgf]j}1flgs ;d:ofx¿ b]vfkg{ ;Sb5g\ jf pgLx¿n] k|lts"n cj:yf;Fu ;fdgf ubf{ 36gf k"j{sf] cj:yfdf k'Ug ;Sg] Ifdtf b]vfpFb5g\ .

cfktsfnLg cj:yfx¿sf cfwf/df s]xL ;d"xsf dflg;x¿df ;fdflhs / dgf]j}1flgs ;d:ofx¿sf] a9L hf]lvdsf] cg'ej x'g] ub{5 . ;fdfGotof cfktsfnLg cj:yfdf k/]sf dflg;x¿nfO{ w]/} k|sf/sf k|d'v ;xof]ux¿ pknAw ug'{ k/] tfklg /fd|f] sfo{qmdn] ljz]iftM w]/} hf]lvddf k/]sf dflg;x¿nfO{ lglZrt ;ª\s6sf] klxrfg u/L plrt  ;xof]usf] k|aGw ub{5 . ;ª\s6sf] k|s[ltcg';f/ hg;ª\Vofsf ;a} pk;d"xx¿ plQs} hf]lvddf kg{ ;S5g\ . ljljw cfktsfnLg cj:yfx¿df lgDg lnlvt ;d"xsf dflg;x¿ k|foM h;f] ljleGg ;d:ofsf sf/0fn] a9L hf]lvddf k/]sf x'G5g\ M

ðdlxnf -pbfx/0fM ue{jtL dlxnfx¿, cfdfx¿, Psn cfdfx¿, Psn dlxnf / s'g} ;+:s[ltdf cljjflxt dlxnf tyf lszf]/Lx¿_,

ðk'¿ifx¿ -pbfx/0fM k"j{n8fs', kl/jf/nfO{ kfNg] af6f] u'dfPsf lgliqmo k'¿ifx¿ / o'jfx¿ hf] lx/f;t, ckx/0f jf lx+;fsf] l;sf/ ePsf x'g ;S5g\ _,

ðafnaflnsfx¿ -lzz' cj:yf b]lv !* aif{ d'lgsf_, h:t} M 5'l§Psf jf ;fy 5'6]sf afnaflnsf -6'x'/fx¿ ;d]t_, ;z:q ;d"xdf cfa4 ePsf jf pgLx¿af6 k|of]u ul/Psf afnaflnsf, a]rlavgdf k/]sf afnaflnsf sfg'gL¿kdf åGådf  k/]sf afnaflnsfx¿ hf]lvdk"0f{ dhb'/Ldf ;+nUg afnaflnsf, ;8s afnaflnsf / cNkkf]lift÷km'lt{nf] gePsf afnaflnsf,

ðjof]j[4x¿ -ljz]ifu/L ha pgLx¿n] x]/rfx ug]{ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿ u'dfPsf 5g\,

ðHofb} ul/a dflg;x¿,

ðz/0ffyL{, cfGtl/s ¿kdf lj:yflkt dflg;x¿ -cfO8LkLh\_ / c;fdfGo cj:yfx¿df a;fOF ;/]sfx¿ -ljif]zu/L a]rlavgdf k/]sf dlxnfx¿ / kl/ro v'Ng] sfuhft gePsf afnaflnsfx¿_,

ðc;fWo} tgfjk"0f{ 36gf÷cf3ft e]mn]sf dflg;x¿ -pbfx/0f M kl/jf/sf cfTdLo ;b:ox¿ tyf 3/af/ u'dfPsf dflg;x¿, anfTsf/ tyf oftgf kLl8tx¿, qm'/ ck/fwsf ;fIfLx¿ cflb_,

ðklxn] ljBdfg  hl6n zf/Ll/s, :gfo' jf dfgl;s czQmtf jf c;Gt'ng ePsf ;d'bfosf dflg;x¿,

ð;+:yfx¿df a;]sf dflg;x¿ -6'x'/f, jof]j[4x¿, :gfo'÷dfgl;s czQmtf jf c;Gt'ng ePsf dflg;x¿_,

ðuDeL/ ;fdflhs snª\s ef]lu/x]sf dflg;x¿ -pbfx/0fM c5't÷blnt, Jofj;flos of}gsdL{x¿, hl6n dfgl;s c;Gt'ng ePsfx¿, of}g lx+;fsf kLl8tx¿,

ðdfgjclwsf/ xgg\sf] hf]lvddf k/]sfx¿ -pbfx/0fM /fhg}lts sfo{stf{x¿, hftLo jf efiffut¿kdf cNk;ª\Vosx¿, ;+:yf jf lx/f;tdf k/]sf dflg;x¿, klxNo} dfgjclwsf/ xgg\df k/]sfx¿_ .

klxrfg ug'{kg]{{ dxTjk"0f{ s'/fx¿M

ðdfly pNn]v ul/Psf x/]s ;d"xleq ljljw hf]lvdx¿, ;d:ofx¿ tyf ;|f]tx¿ /x]sf 5g\ .

ðhf]lvddf k/]sf ;d"xleqsf s]xL JolQmx¿n] Hofb} /fd|f] ug{ ;Sb5g\ .

ðs]xL ;d"xx¿nfO{ -h:t} n8fs'x¿_ s'g} ;d:ofx¿ -h:t}M nfu"kbfy{ b'Jo{;g_ sf] hf]lvd a9L x'g ;S5 eg] ;Fu;Fu} cGo ;d:ofx¿ -h:t}M ef]sd/L_ sf] hf]lvd sd x'g ;S5 .

s]xL ;d"xx¿ Pp6f cfktsfnLg cj:yfsf] hf]lvddf k/] tfklg csf]{ cfktsfnLg cj:yfdf ;fk]lIft ¿kdf ;'ljwf;DkGg x'g ;S5g\ .

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