बिम्ब नेपाली साप्ताहिक २०७२ साल पुष २१ गते मंगलबार

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d"Vo ;dfrf/

æ;+3if{sf !$ aif{ Æ

;fdflhs kl/jt{gsf Ps of]4f M uug

5ltjg ufla;– & pNh]sf uugl;+ las s]xL jif{ klxn] cfkmGtsf] 3/df hfFbf cfkm\gf] 3/df kfs]sf] kl/sf/ n}hfb}gg\y] . To;sf] ;fF6f]    ahf/df kfO{g] h+s km'8 nUg] uy]{ . kfs]sf] vfgf g n}hfg'sf k5f8L cGo s]xL sf/0f geO{ uugn] cfkm\gf] 3/df 5fpk8L gdfg]sf sf/0f xf] .

sIff !) ;Dd laBfnosf] cf}krfl/s k9fO{ u/]sf lasn] @)%* ;fn c;f/sf] dlxgfaf6 3/ 5fpk8L d'Qm ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . uugn] 3/df 5fpk9L gdfg]sf sf/0f pgsf] 3/df ufpFn]x? vfgfvfg klg vf:;} ?rfpFb}gg\y] . Tof] a]nfsf] s'/f ;Demb} uugn] eg] ævfgf t 3/df vfg] xf] of] t 5fpk8L uf]7 xf], uf]7df sf] vfgf vfG5 < eGb} xf]RofpFy] vfgf vfg dfGb}gg\ lyP, w]/}n] clxn] klg dfGb}gg\ .Æ

5fpk8L k|yf g/fd|f] ePsf] ;DemfPkl5 kTgL dgdtL lasn] klg dlgg\ . klxnf] k6s 5fpk9L gdfg]sf] lbg]sf] ;Demgf ub}{ eg] æklxnf t >LdtLn] dfGb} dflgg\ kl5 la:tf/} ;DemfPkl5 3/ leq} a:g} dflgg\ .Æ

!$ aif{ klxnf 5fpk8L dfGb}g eg]/ k|0f u/]sf uug lg/Gt/ ;+3if{df 5g . ufpFsf w]/} AoQmL uugsf] 5f]/fsf] lajfxdf ;d]t gcfPsf] plg atfpF5g . æ;fdfh;+u laleGg a]nfdf ;+3if{ ug'{ k/]sf] 5, !$ aif{ b]lv n8fO{ n8L /x]sf] 5' . ca klg Tof] hf/L g} x'G5 .Æ

;dfhdf uugsf] la/f]w ug]{ dfq} xf]O{gg\ l;sf] ug]{x? klg 5g . ufla;df Ps bh{g hlt kl/jf/n] 5fpk8L k|yf dfGg klg 5f]8]sf 5g . uug eG5g ælaslzt ;dfh :jLsfb}{ cfPsf] s'/f xf] 5fpk8L unt 5 t/ xfd|f] ;dfhn] To;nfO{ dfGb} cfPsf] ePklg la:tf/} sd x'Fb} hfG5 .Æ

uug 5fpk8L k|yf dfq} xf]O{g blnt leq} /x]sf] hftLo lae]b klg dfGb}gg\ . pgL eG5g æd las ePsf sf/0fn] s'g} cGo blntleq}sf] hftLdfyL lae]b ub}{g, Tof] ug'{ x'Fb}g eGg] c?nfO{ klg eG5' . xfdLn] blntleqsf cGo hftsf AoQmL dfyL lae]b ug]{ xf] eg] u}/ blnt ;fd'bfosf] AoQmLn] lsg blnt dfyL lae]b gug]{ <Æ uugn] yk] æxfdL blnt ;fd'bfoleqsf] lae]bsf] klxnf cGTo ug{      h?/L 5, xfdLleq lae]b x'g] xf]O{g eg] u}/ blnt ;fd'bfosf AoQmLn] xfdLdfyL lae]b ug{ ;Sb}g .Æ

5fpk8L gdfGbf b]ptf    l/;fog < eGg] laDasf] k|Zgdf uugn] eg] æv}, d]/f] b]ptf l/;fPsf 5}gg\ slxn] l/;fP eGg' ePg d}n] of] k|yf gdfg]sf] !$ aif{ eof] clxn];Dd l/;fPsf 5}gg\, b]ptf          l/;fpF5g eGg' e|d dfq} xf] .Æ

5fpk8L k|yf gdfGbf uug ;dfhaf6 PSnf] AolQm ag] . pgL eG5g æx'g t ;dfhn] d}n] u/]sf] s'/f krfPsf] 5}g, w]/}n] la/f]w klg u5{g, wfdL emfFqmLn] 3/df vfgf vfg klg dfGb}gg\, :6ldq klg /ftL3/df af; a:g dfGb}gg\ .Æ uugn] yk] æ;dfhn] d dfyL u/]sf] Aoaxf/df d]/f] s'g} u'gf;f] 5}g, lsgeg] pxfFx?n] a'em\g' ePsf] 5}g, To;}n] g} of] ;a u/]sf x'g, ;dfh l9nf] jf rfF8f] d}n] /f]h]sf] af6f]tkm{ cfpg} k5{, To;}n] pxfFx?k|lt d]/f] s'g} u'gf;f] 5}g .Æ

uugsL kTgL dgdtL dfq} xf]O{g a'xf/L klg 5fpk8L dflGbgg\ . uugn] xf:b} eg] æd}n] 5f]/fsf] lax] ug]{ a]nf a'xf/L dugL ug{ hfFbf g} d]/f] 3/df 5fpk9L dfGg kfO{b}g x} eg]sf] lyP .Æ 8f]6Ldf klxnf] k6s 5fpk8L d'Qm3/ 3f]if0ff u/sf] eGb} dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no 8f]6L / laleGg u};;x?n] lasnfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf lyP .

;fdflhs ;+:sf/sf lakIfdf     v/f] plePsf plqsf las !$ aif{ b]lv ;fdfh;+u k|ltafb ub}{ cfPsf 5g . kl/jf/df cGo ;b:ox? la/fdL kbf{ klg 5fpk8L gdfg]sf sf/0fn] o:tf] ePsf] xf] eGb} s'/f sf6\g] u/]sf] ePklg larlnt ePgg\ .

cfh eGbf !$ aif{ klxnf 5fpk8L dfGg x'Fb}g eGg] lrGtg s;/L eof] < eGg] lh1f;fdf uugn] eg] æ;d lasf; s]Gb| g]kfn eGg] Ps ;F:yfn] 5fpk8L tyf hftLo 5'jf5't la?4sf] sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf] lyof], Pslbg tflnddf k/]F, To;}af6 d k|eflat ePsf] x'F, dnfO{ nfUof] cfhs} lbgaf6 / cfkm}af6 ;'?jft ug'{ k5{ .Æ

;Dkfblso

dw];L df]rf{ x7 Tofu

dw];L bnx¿ / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] cu'jfO ul//x]sf d'Vo tLg bnaLrsf] jftf{ cToGt gfh's / cK7]/f] df]8df k'u]sf] 5 . cfOtaf/ afn'jf6f/df ePsf] tLg bn / dw];L df]rf{aLrsf] jftf{nfO{ Ps xb;Dd b'O{ kIfaLr lgs6tfsf] vf]hLsf nflu ;kmn ePsf] xf] ls eGg] ;Gb]z k|jflxt ePsf] lyof] . ;+;ßf ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf nflu cufl8 a9fOPsf] k|:tfjdf dw];L bnx¿n] 5nkmn ug{ c:jLsf/ u/]sf] eP klg k|lqmofsf b[li6n] To;n] ult lnPsf] 5 .

 oxL cj:yf /lx/x] s]xL lbgdf g} Tof] k|:tfj kfl/t x'g]5 . To;n] dw]; / hghfltsf xsdf ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj / ;dfj]zL /fHosf af/]df /x]sf s]xL c:ki6tf xn x'g]5g\ . ca lgjf{rg If]qx¿sf] lgwf{/0f ubf{ hg;+Vofsf]          ef/nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /flvg]5 . o;n] hg;+Vof clws /x]sf dw];sf lhNnfdf sd l;6 ;+Vof kg{;Sg]tkm{ /x]sf] rf;f] / lrGtf x6\g]5 . csf]{ kIf klg 5, o;n] kxf8 / lxdfnsf If]qdf kg]{ sltko lhNnfsf afl;Gbfn] cfˆgf] k|ltlglwTj sd ePsf] dx;'; ug{ ;S5g\ . t/, o;n] dw];L hg;+Vofsf] cg'kftdf k|ltlglwTjsf] ;'lglZrttf u/]sf] 5 . csf]{ s'/f )^@/^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngsf qmddf :yflkt ePsf] / cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] lglZrt u/]sf] ;dfj]zL /fHo ;+oGqsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ klg of] ;+zf]wgn] ;Daf]wg ug]{5 . of] ;+zf]wg kf; ePkl5 dw];s]lG›t bnx¿sf] Pp6f dfu dfq k"/f x'g afFsL /xg]5, Tof] xf] ;Ldf+sgsf] k|Zg . dw];L bnx¿ k"/f eO;s]sf dfunfO{ Go"gLs/0f u/L clxn] s]jn ;Ldf+sgsf] k|ZgnfO{ p5fn]/ cfGbf]ng nDAofO/xg] /0fgLltdf nfu]sf b]lvG5g\ . jftf{sf qmddf cGo bnn] /fhgLlts ;+oGqsf] dfWodaf6 cfufdL tLg dlxgfleq ;Ldf+sgsf] k|Zg 6'+Uofpg k|:tfj ul//x]sf 5g\ .

tLg bnsf tkm{af6 pQm ;+oGqdf ;dfj]z x'g] g]tfsf] gfd k|:tfj eO;s]kl5 klg dw];L bnx¿ slgsf a'sfO/x]sf 5g\ . of] ;/f;/ clxn]sf] /fhgLlts ult/f]w tGsfP/ b]znfO{ sdhf]/ / cl:y/ agfO/xg] tyf dw];df cnufjjfbnfO{ dnhn ug]{ p2]Zotkm{ nlIft b]lvG5 . dw];L bnx¿sf] of] x7n] yk ;d:of dfq l;h{gf ug]{ b]lvG5 .

o;sf] ;+s]t dw];L bnx¿sf] g]t[TjnfO{ gePsf] xf]Og . pQm jftf{sf qmddf dw];L df]rf{sf g]tf dxGy 7fs'/n] klg o;tkm{ ;+s]t u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] eg]sf 5G, clxn]sf] dfu k"/f ul/Pg / ult/f]w nlDaof] eg] dw];df cnufjjfbL / ;fDk|bflos e8\sfj a9\g]5 . t/, pgn] of] cleJolQm b]znfO{ Pstfa4 kfl//xg] / clxn]sf] ult/f]wsf] xn ;+jfb / jftf{sf dfWodaf6 vf]Hg] ;bfzo;lxt xf]Og, a? To:tf] e8\sfjsf] ;Defjgf b]vfP/ sf7df8f+}sf] ;/sf/ of ;QfnfO{ unfpg] / wDSofpg] dg;fon] lbPsf] 5gs ldN5 . of]rflxF cfklQhgs 5 . pgsf] cleJolQm ult/f]w nDAofpg] / b]zsf] cy{tGq / dflg;x¿sf] ;fdfGo hghLjgnfO{ cem} nfdf] ;do aGws agfP/ ;/sf/nfO{ em'sfpg] cfzoaf6 cfPsf] 5 . cGoyf dw];Lx¿ clxn] ;Ldf+sgnfO{ h;/L Ps dfq ;d:of elg/x]sf 5g\ / dw];ax'n If]qsf] dfq lrGtf ul//x]sf 5G, To;n] b]zsf] /fli6«o /fhgLltdf /x]sf yk hl6ntfk|lt a]jf:tf u5{ . dw]; ;a} Pp6} of b'O6f k|b]zdf /xg'k5{ eg]/ ul/g] dfusf] cf}lrTo k'li6 ug{ dw];L bnx¿n] u}/dw];L d"nsf t/fO{ dw];jf;Lsf] ljZjf; lhTg' gkg]{ t/ ef/tLo ;xof]udf nufOPsf] gfsfaGbLsf cfwf/df b]znfO{ aGws agfpg x'g] h'g ts{ ul/Fb} 5, To;n] cGttf]uTjf dw];L / u}/dw];LaLr w'|jLs/0f a9fpg] / b]znfO{ dgf]j}1flgs ¿kdf ljefhgdf n}hfg] dfq sfd ug]{5 .  To;}n] dw]zL df]rf{n] nrstf ckgfpg cfaZos 5 .

cGo ;dfrf/

;+lawfgdf tkfO{sf] clwsf/ n]lvPsf] 5

…g]kfnsf] ;+lawfg, @)&@ df ePsf ;j} wf/fx? /fd|f];+u k9\g'xf];\ tkfO{sf] clwsf/ ToxfF n]lvPsf] 5 .Ú k"j{ dGqL tyf Joj:yflksf ;+;b\sf ;b:o 8f= gf/fo0f v8\sfn] gofF ;+lawfgdf ;j} g]kfnLx?sf] clwsf/ k|i6;+u n]lvPsf] bfjL u/]sf 5g .

…hgtfsf] ;+lawfg hgtfs} dfemÚ eGg] d'n       gf/fsf ;fy gofF ;+lawfg ;DjlGw /fli6«o k|rf/ cleofgsf qmddf cfh 8f]6L k'u]sf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;d]t /x]sf 8f v8\sfn] of] ;+lawfg laZjsf ;+lawfg;efdfkm{t lgdf{0f ePsf ;+lawfgx?dWo] pTs[i7 ;+lawfg ePsf] jtfP . 8f=v8\sfn] zflGt, :yfloTj / lasf;sf nflu of] ;+lawfg sfof{Gjog x'g' kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbFb} eg] …;+lawfgn] s;}nfO{ klg lae]b\ gu/]sf]n] of] ;+lawfg cIf/; kfngf ug'{ kg]{ jtfP .

laZje/Ldf xfn;Dd ;+lawfg;ef dfkm{t $@ b]zx?sf] ;+lawfg lgdf{0f ePsf] jtfpFb} v8\sfn] g]kfnsf] ;+lawfg cGo b]zsf] ;+lawfgeGbf lgs} pTs[i7 ePsf] bfjL u/] . cGt/fli6«o:t/df ;+lawfg lgdf{0fsf nflu ePsf k|of;x?sf] JofVof ub}{ v8\sfn] g]kfndf ;+lawfg;efsf] dfu p7]sf] ^$ jif{ & dlxgfkl5 gofF ;+lawfg cfPsf]df v'zL JoQm u/] . …;+lawfg cj xfd|f] jGwg xf]Ú v8\sfn] eg] …;+lawfgsf] #)* wf/fn] xfdL ;j}nfO{ jfFw]sf] 5 .Ú

klxnf] ;+lawfg;efn] s]xL u/]g eGg] s'/f unt ePsf] jtfpFb} v8\sfn] eg] …rf/ jif{;Dd klxnf] ;+lawfg;efn]  w]/} sfdx? u/]sf] lyof] .Ú klxnf] ;+lawfg;efn] u/]sf sfdx?sf] bf];|f] ;+lawfg;efn] :jfldTj u|x0f u/L jfFsL sfdx? u/]sf sf/0f ;+lawfg cfpg ;xh ePsf] v8\sfsf] egfO{ lyof] . ;+lawfg hf/L ug{sf nflu ;j} kf6L{x?n] cfkm\gf c8fgx? 5f]8]sf] :d/0f ub}{ v8\sfn] eg] …g]kfnL sf+u|]nn] ax'njfb 5f]8\of], Pdfn]n] k|To]If k|wfgdGqLo k|0ffnL 5f]8\of] / Pdfcf]jfbLn] hg;+lawfg  5f]8\of] .Ú cfkm\gf d'4fx? 5f]8]sf] eGg'sf] cy{ k"0f{ ?kdf g5f8]sf] jtfpFb} v8\sfn] eg] …cfkm\gf d'4fx? hgtfdf nu]/ hgtfjf6 cgdf]bg u/fpg] u/L ;j} bnx?n] cfkm\gf d'4fx? xfnnfO{ :yug u/]sf x'g .Ú

gofF ;+lawfg sfof{Gjog eO;s]sf] jtfpFb} v8\sfn] eg] …;+lawfgsf] ;'?jft /fd|f];+u ePsf] 5, xfdLn] klxnf] /fi6«klt dlxnf kfPsf 5f}+ / klxnf] ;efd'v klg dlxnf kfPsf]     5f}+ .Ú ;+lawfgdf h] Joj:yf 5 ;f]xL cg';f/ sfof{Gjog x'Fb} hfg] v8\sfn] bfjL u/] .

dw]zdf eO{/x]sf] cfGbf]ngk|lt nlIft ub}{ v8\sfn] of] cl/jt{gLo b:tfj]h gePsf] / o;nfO{ ;+;f]wg ug{ ldNg] jtfP . pgn] eg] …zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf jftf{sf] dfWofdjf6 ;+lawfg ;+;f]wg ug{ ;lsG5, o;sf nflu 7'nf bnx? tof/ 5g .Ú t/fO{ / kfx8sf] e'uf]n;+u ;j} g]kfnL hgtfsf] efUo hf]l8Psf] jtfpFb} pgn] eg] …t/fO{sf] efiff, e'uf]n, ;+:s[lt kxf8Lx?sf] klg ;DklQ xf] .Ú

lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6Ln] cfof]hgf u/]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf k"j{ ;ef;b\ tyf g]skf Pdfn]sf g]tf xs{jxfb'/ l;+xn] gofF ;+lawfg sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;j} /fhgLlts bnx?n] O{dfgbf/ eP/ nfUg' kg]{ larf/ JoQm u/] . l;+xn] eg] …g]kfndf laZjs} gd'gf ;+lawfg hf/L x'Fbf klg l5d]sL /fi6«n] c3f]lift ?kdf gfsfjGbL u/]sf] 5, of] gfsfjGbLsf] ;QfkIf, k|ltkIf ;j}n] k|ltsf/ ug'{ k5{ .Ú ;+lawfg sfof{Gjogsf nflu laleGg sfg'gx? cfjZos ePsf] / lt sfg'gx? lgdf{0fsf nflu ;j} bnx?sf] ;xdlt cfjZos ePsf sf/0f To;tkm{ ;j}n] Wofg lbg' kg]{ l;+xn] jtfP .  

aGg] ef] af;'b]jL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf

nfdf] ;dob]lv lajfbsf sf/0f u7g x'g g;s]sf] vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0f pkef]Qmf ;ldlt cfO{tjf/ u7g ePsf] 5 . 

cfly{s jif{ @)&!÷)&@ df of]hgfsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;'? ug{sf nflu kfFr nfv ?k}ofF /sd ;d]t lgsf;f ePsf] lyof] t/ of]hgfsf] pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g x'g g;Sbf pQm /sd lkm|h ePsf] lyof] .

ufpF lasf; ;ldltsf] tkm{jf6 ;ldlt u7g ug{sf nflu k6s k6s k|of; ePsf] ePklg ;kmn x'g g;s]sf] ;lrj u0f]zk|;fb hf]zL jtfPsf lyP . pgn] /fhgLlts bnsf :yfgLo g]tfx?sf aLrdf ;xdlt x'g g;Sbf ;ldlt u7g x'g g;s]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP . pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] cWoIf sf] x'g] eGg] laifodf lajfb rs]{sf sf/0f ;d:of ePsf] ;lrj hf]zLsf] egfO{ lyof] .

g]kfnL sf+u|]; / g]skf Pdfn]sf :yfgLo sfo{stf{x? aLr ;ldltsf] cWoIf sf] x'g] eGg] laifodf nfdf] ;dob]lv lajfb ePkl5 ;ldlt u7g x'g g;s]sf] ufla;sf n]vfkfn 8Dd/nfn e§n] hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP . cfO{tjf/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] ufla;:t/Lo ;fj{hlgs e]nfn] ;xdltsf ;fy gofF pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] e§n] hfgsf/L lbP . 

gofF u7g ePsf] ;ldltsf cWoIf :yfgLo o'jf lbk]Gb| s'Fj/ rog ePsf 5g . ;ldltdf ( ;b:o /x]sf] cWoIf s'Fj/n] hfgsf/L lbP .

If]qLo cg'udg tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f sfof{non] ufla;-$ sfk8LufpFsf] vf]nfdf d'xfg /fvL of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{ nIf /fv]sf] 5 . ut jif{sf] /sd lkm|h ePkl5 o; jif{ l5§} pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g u/]/ sfd yfngL ug]{ If]qLo cg'udg tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f sfof{nosf O{lGhlgo/ k|sfz /fjnn] hfgsf/L lbP . qmdfut cfof]hgf /x]sf] pQm cfof]hgfdf o; jif{ @) nfv /sd cfPsf] /fjnn] hfgsf/L lbP .

o:t} cfO{tjf/sf] e]nfn] /fhk'/-jfUg]6L-;]tLgbL x'Fb} af;'b]jL;Ddsf] ;8s lgdf{0f pkef]Qmf ;ldlt ;d]t u7g u/]sf] af;'b]jL uflj;sf n]vfkfn e§n] hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5g . xfn /fhk'/b]lv /fgfufpF, b'uf{df08f}+ x'Fb} af;'b]jL k'Ug] ;8ssf] nDjfO @& lsnf]ld6/ /x]sf] jtfpFb} e§n] eg] …of] ;8s lgdf{0f ePkl5 /fhk'/b]lv af;'b]jL;Ddsf] ;8ssf] nDjfO{ !) lsnf]ld6/ dfq} x'g]5 .Ú ut jif{ klg pQm ;8sdf s]xL sfd ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fpFb} e§n] of] of]hgf qmdfut of]hgf ePsf]n] o; jif{ ( nfv !^ xhf/ jh]6 /x]sf] jtfP . pgn] eg] …xfdLn] lgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmdsf] /sdjf6 jh]6 lalgof]hgsf nflu ;f+;b Ho"nfO{ klg cfu|x u/]sf 5f}+ / lhNnf lasf; ;ldltdf klg cfu|x u/]sf 5f}+ .Ú of] ;8s l5§} lgdf{0f x'g]df cfkm'x? laZj:t /x]sf] e§n] jtfP .

lax] u/] l7s x'G5 t k]6 b'Vg] ;d:of <

…dlxgfjf/L ePsf j]nf k]6 b'Vg yfn]kl5 d c:ktfn uP t/ :jf:YosdL{x?n] lax] u/]kl5 dfq} lgsf] x'G5 eg]/ k7fP, s] o:tf] x'G5 / <Ú lhNnf ;b/d'sfd l;nu9Ldf /x]sf] kb\d klJns d'QmLgf/fo0f pRr dfladf sIff !@ df cWoog/t Ps 5fqfn] k|Zg    ul/g . 

zlgjf/ cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;/f]sf–/jfnf lgsfo / laBfyL{x?aLrsf] cGt–/lqmof sfo{qmddf clwsf+; 5fqfx?n] cfkm'x?nfO{ dlxgfjf/L ePsf j]nfdf   zf/Ll/s ;d:of cfpg] u/]sf] jtfP . …s'g} j]nf w]/} /ut jU5 s'g} j]nf /ut jUb}gÚ Ps csL{ 5fqfn] elgg\ …o:tf] j]nfdf xfdLn] s;/L pkrf/ ug{      ;S5f}+ <Ú cfkm'x?sf w]/} ;d:ofx? ePklg o;sf] ;xL pkrf/ gePsf] 5fqfx?sf] b'v];f] lyof] .

8f]6L lhNnf c:ktfnsf hg:jf:Yo lg/LIfs /d]z dnf;Ln] dlxgfjf/L ePsf j]nf b]lvg] ;d:of lax] u/]kl5 lgsf] x'G5 eGg] s'/f unt ePsf] jtfP . pgn] eg] …s'g ;Gbe{df s'g :jf:YosdL{n] To;f] eg] Tof] t dnfO{ yfx ePg t/ dlxgfjf/L ePsf j]nf b]lvPsf ;d:ofx? zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s pkrf/jf6 ;dfwfg x'G5g .Ú pgn] zf/Ll/s ;d:ofx?sf] pkrf/sf] ;j} laj/0f uf]Ko /xg] Joj:yf ;d]t ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fP .

k|To]s laBfnodf Ps hgf dlxnf lzIfsnfO{ n}lËs ;Dks{ lzIfs tf]lsPsf] jtfpFb} lhNnf lzIff sfof{no 8f]6Lsf laBfno lg/LIfs ?k/fd lt?jfn] eg] …5fqfx?n] dlxgfjf/L ePsf] j]nf k'?if lzIfsx?nfO{ cfk\mgf ;d:ofx? eGg uf¥xf] x'g] ePsf sf/0f n}lËs ;Dks{ lzIfs tf]lsPsf] xf] .Ú n}lËs ;Dks{ lzIfsnfO{ cg'lzIf0f ;d]t ul/Psf] jtfpFb} laBfno lg/LIfs lt?jfn] eg] …k|To]s laBfnodf ph'/L k]l6sfsf] ;d]t Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5, cfkm\gf ;d:ofx? l;w} eGg g;Sg] 5fqfx?n] n]v]/ ph'/L k]l6sfdf ;d]t /fVg ;S5g .Ú

;fdflhs ;+/rgfsf sf/0f 5fpk8L k|yf x6\g g;s]sf] kb\d klJns d'QmLgf/fo0f pRr dflasL k|frfo{ uLtf hf]zL jtfpFl5g . hf]zL elG5g\ …dlxgfjf/L x'g] lg/Gt/ k|lqmof xf] eGg] hfgsf/L x'Fbfx'Fb} klg ;dfhsf] 8/n] dlxnfx?n] cfkm'nfO{ c5't dfGg' kg]{ jfWotf 5 .Ú dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf sfof{no 8f]6LsL ;fg'dfof lnDj' elG5g\ …lautsf] eGbf clxn] w]/} ;'wf/ ePsf] 5 . dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf sfof{non] nfdf] ;dob]lv 5fpk8L lgjf/0f       kl/of]hgf ;~rfng u/]sf] jtfpFb} lnDj'n] elgg\ …pQm kl/of]hgf nfu' ePkl5 dlxgfjf/L ePsf] j]nfdf dlxnfx? 5fpk8L uf]7 5f]8]/ ;'/lIft ?kdf 3/d} a:g yfn]sf 5g .Ú

g]kfnsf] ;+lawfgn] s'g} klg k|yf jf k/Dk/fsf cfwf/df s;}k|lt klg lae]b ul/Psf b08gLo x'g] Joj:yf    u/]sf sf/0f 5fpk8L k|yf klg b08gLo ck/fw ePsf] clwaQmf 808L/fh cf]emfsf] egfO{ 5 . cf]emf eG5g\ …sfg'gL ?kdf b08gLo ePsf] s'/fnfO{ ;fdflhs ;+:sf/ eg]/ jrfO{ /fVg' /fd|f] xf]O{g .Ú

5fpk8L k|yf / n}lËs lx+;f Go'lgs/0fsf nflu ;+:yfn] /]i6n]; 8]e]nf]kd]06sf] ;xof]udf …;DejÚ kl/of]hgf ;~rfng ul//x]sf] ;fd'bflos lasf; s]Gb| 8f]6Lsf cWoIf x]d/fh hf]zL jtfpF5g . pgL eG5g\ …ls;f]/ls;f]–   /Lx?nfO{ ;r]t ug{ ;s] ;dfh kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] x]t'n] laBfyL{x?;+u cGt/lqmof ul/Psf] xf] .Ú

dfcf]jfbLn] sfnf]df];f] bn] kl5 3'; lkmtf{

pkef]Qmfx?af6 3'; lnPsf] eGb} laKna g]t[Tjsf] g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] c5fddf sfo{/t Pshgf /]~h/nfO{ sfnf]df];f] bn]sf] 5 .  lhNnfsf] 9sf/L /]~h/ kf]i6sf sfo{/t cAb'n sl/d ldofn] ;/:jtL ;fd'bflos jgsf cWoIf lbk]G› kl/of/af6 #% xhf/ lnPsf]df @) xhf/ ?k}Fof lhNnf ag sfof{no c5fdsf] /f]xj/df lkmtf{ u/]sf 5g . ldofn] sfo{of]hgfsf] sf] !% xhf/ ?k}Fof sf6]/ afFsL ?k}Fof lkmtf{ u/]sf x'g .

ljleGg ;fd'bflos jg / pkef]Qmfaf6 3'; lnPsf] u'gf;f] cfPkl5 g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf] kf6L{n] r]tfjgL:j?k sfnf]df];f] / h'Qfsf] dfnf nufPsf] atfPsf] 5 . kf6L{sf @ g+= sdf08 OGrfh{ ;~hon] ;f]daf/ Ps lj1lKt hf/L u/L cfˆgf] kf6L{n] sfnf]df];f] nufPsf] atfPsf 5g\ .

…Onfsf jg sfof{no 9sf/Ll:yt /]~hkf]i6df sfo{/t /]~h/ cAb'n       sl/ ldofn] ljleGg ;fd'bflos jgaf6 3'; vfO{ /ftf/ft ;?jfsf] rSs/df       /x]sfn] 5fgljg u/L /]~h/ ldofnfO{ sfjf{xL ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfof;Fu k6s–k6s cg'/f]w ubf{ ;d]t ;'g'jfO gePkl5 xfd|f] kf6L{sf] o'jf b:tfn] sfnf]df];f] bNg'sf;fy} h'Qf–rKknsf] dfnf nufO hgsfjf{xL u/]sf] 5Ú hf/L lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 .

lhNnf jg clws[tn] 3'; /sd lkmtf{ u/fpFbf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{nfO{ ;d]t af]nfPsf] lyP . 7fpF7fpFaf6 3'; lnPsf] lj/f]w x'g yfn]kl5 ldof s]lx ;dob]lv ;b/d'sfd d+un;}gdf a:b} cfPsf lyP .

;fd'bflos jgsf kbflwsf/LnfO{ k'hL{lagfg} ;fnsf ?vx? lr/fg ug{ lbPsf] / a]nfa]nfdf :yflgojf6 k};f vfFg] sfddf ;lqmo ePsf] eGb} sfnf]df];f] blnPsf] hgfO{Psf] 5 . sdf08 gDj/ @ c5fdsf O{~rfh{ ;~ho4f/f       x:tfIf/Lt la1lKtdf g]skf dfcf]jfbL cfufld lbgdf klg hgla/f]wL, sfnf]ahf/L, t:s/L, e|i6frf/L / bnfnx? la?4 yk sf/jfxL u/L Gofo / :jtGqtfsf nflu b[9tfk"j{s nfuL/x]sf] klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf ag  sfof{no c5fdsf ;xfos jg clws[t eQm/fh lu/Ln] eg] lhNnf jg sfof{non] of] s'/f yfxf kfO{;s]kl5 hfFgsf/Lsf nflu jgsf cWoIf tyf /]~h/;+u 5nkmn rnfO{/x]sf] cj:yfdf PSsf;L sfnf]df];f] blnPsf] vj/ kfosf] atfP .

jg ;d'xsf] sfo{of]hgf agfFpbf ;d'xsf cWoIfn] lbPsf]  #% xhf/ dWo] k|fljlws vr{ nfu]sf] !% xhf/ lnP/ @) xhf/  /sd cfh ;dembf/L kl5 lkmtf{ ul/;s]sf] pxfFsf] egfO{ 5 . b'a} hgfF;+u a'embf TotL 7'nf] ;d:of        g/x]sf]n] cfh cfk;L ;dembf/Ldf s'/f ldnfO{Psf] lu/Ln] atfFpg'eof] .

c5fddf k|efjsf/L aGb} Uf'gf;f] k]l6sf

c5fd lhNnfsf laleGg ufla; l:yt laBfnox?df /flvPsf u'gf;f] k]6Lsfx? k|efjsf/L aGb} uPsf 5g\ . u'gf;f] k]6Lsfx?n] laBfnox?df ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g NofPsf] ToxfFsf :yfgLo atfp5g\ .

c5fd lhNnfsf !^ j6f ufla;x?df jfs g]kfn dfkm{t Plss[t k/Lof]hgf ;~rfngdf cfPkl5 laBfnox?sf ;d:ofx? / ;dfwfgsf nflu ug{ ;lsg] kxn nufot laifo ;d]l6Psf u'gf;fx? u'gf;f] k]6Lsfdf kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . u'gf;f] k]l6sfdf k/]sf u'gf;fx?sf] ulDe/ ;ldIff x'g] u/]sf] / qmlds ?kdf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu kxn ;d]t x'g] u/]sf] Plss[t kl/of]hgfsf k|jGws s[i0f rfkfufO{n] atfP .  lhNnfe/sf laleGg laBfnox?df     /flvPsf u'gf;f] k]6Lsfdf xfn ;Dd ! xhf/ $ ;o eGbf a9L u'gf;f] v;]sf] pgn] atfP .  u'gf;f] k]l6sfdf v;]sf clwsf+z u'gf;fsf] ;'g'jfO{ ;d]t eO{;s]sf] pgn] atfP  . u'gf;f] k]6Lsfx?df w]/} h;f] ;'emfj Dfq ePsf] hfgsf/L ;d]t pxfFn] lbg'eof] . ;'emfjx?df laBfnon] k'tL{ ug}{ g;Sg] ;'emfj ;d]t /x]sf] atfpFb} rfkfufO{n] ljBfnosf] ;|f]t Ifdtf / ;do l;df aflx/sf u'gf;fx? dfq ;Daf]wg x'g g;s]sf] atfpg'eof] . u'gf;x? cfpg yfn]kl5 lzIfs, ljBfly{ / cleefjs ljrsf] ;DjGwdf ;d]t ;sf/fTds      kl/jt{g cfPsf] laBfly{n] atfpg]       u/]sf] :yfgLox? atfpF5g .

n]v ÷larf/

sxfF r'Sb}5g afdkGyLx?

;a} sDo'lg:6 jfdkGyL x'g ;S5g\ t/ jfdkGyL sDo'lg:6 gx'g klg ;S5g\ . g]kfndf JolQmut lrGtgsf cfwf/df jfdkGyL gePsf xf]Ogg\ t/ bnut ¿kdf sDo'lg:6afx]ssf jfdkGyLsf] cl:tTj b]lvFb}g . g]kfndf sDo'lg:6x¿n] g} d"nt jfdkGysf] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] kl5Nnf] sfndf klg sDo'lg:6 zlQm / ljrf/sf] afx'No g} b]lvG5 . o;sf] cy{ xf] g]kfnsf ax';+Vos hgtf clxn] klg /fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[ltsnufot If]qdf cfd"n    kl/jt{g rfxG5g\ .

klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf Pg]skf             -dfcf]jfbL_ klxnf] 7"nf] bnsf] ¿kdf cfof] . Pg]skf   -dfcf]jfbL_sf] g]t[Tjdf b'O{6f ;/sf/ ag] t/ To;af6 hgtfn] cfˆgf] hLjgdf vf;} 7"nf] kl/jt{g ePsf] dx;'; u/]gg\ . kmn:j¿k dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] dt ck|Tofl;t tn em?{of] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] bf];|f] lgjf{rgdf g]skf -Pdfn]_ bf];|f] 7"nf] bnsf] ¿kdf cfof] . of] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg kl/0ffdn] klg hgtfdf jfdkGyLk|ltsf] cfsif{0f 36]sf] 5}g eGg] k'li6 u/]sf] 5 .

clxn] g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+;ßf /x]sf ;a} jfdkGyLsf] ;+nUgtf / ;xof]udf ;/sf/ ag]sf] 5 . ;/sf/ gaGb} ;'? ePsf] gfsfaGbLaf6 pTkGg ;d:of jfdkGyLx¿n] s;/L ;dfwfg unf{g\ egL x]b}{ 5g\ . ;/sf/ ag]sf] b'O{ dlxgf lat]kl5 cfdhgtfn] …;d:of t xfdLnfO{ klg yfxf 5 t/ g]t[Tjn] t ;dfwfg ug{'k5{Ú eGg yfn]sf 5g\ . hgtfn] dL7f, lrNnf s'/f xf]Og, kl/0ffd vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . s'zn 8fS6/ Tof] xf], h;n] /f]u kQf nufpg'sf ;fy} /f]u lgsf] kfg{ ;S5 .

oltj]nf g]kfnsf jfdkGyL;fd' Psflt/ cToGt 7"nf ;Defjgf 5g\ eg] csf{]lt/ TolQs} r'gf}tL klg 5g\ . ;d:of xn ug{ ;s] cem} s]xL bzs g]kfn jfdkGydo x'g]5, g;s] ck|Tofl;t ¿kdf jfdkGyLk|ltsf] cfsif{0f 36\g ;S5 . To;}n] a'‰g'k5{ xfdL Pp6f 7"nf] kj{tsf] ;aeGbf dflysf] prfOdf k'u]sf] eP klg csf]{ Tof] eGbf cK7\of/f] kxf8sf] km]bLaf6 k'g: psfnf] r9\g afFsL g} 5 . o;n] g]kfnsf jfdkGyLn] w]/} s'/fdf cfkm"nfO{ Jojl:yt / ¿kfGt/0f ug{'kg]{    s'/fsf] dfu u5{ .

jfdkGyLx¿ klxnf]k6s Ps}rf]6L /fi6«klt, ;efd'v / k|wfgdGqLsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf k'Ug' jfdkGyLsf nflu 7"nf] pknlAw xf] . o;n] hgtfsf] ck]Iff klg lgs} a9]sf] 5 . t/, Tof] ck]Iff k"/f ePg eg] o;kl5sf kl/0ffd gsf/fTds aGg] vt/f klg plQs} 5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f / jt{dfg ;/sf/ lgdf{0fdf jfdkGyLaLr Pstf b]lvg' cToGt          ;sf/fTds xf] . clxn];Dd sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 kfFrhgf k|wfgdGqL ag]sf 5g\ eg] k6s—k6ssf      ;/sf/df pgLx¿sf] pNn]Vo ;xeflutf 5 . t/, )%! df dgdf]xg clwsf/Lsf] g]t[Tjdf ag]sf] g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf] gf}dlxg] ;/sf/sf] sfo{sfnafx]s cGo ;dosf    ;/sf/k|lt hgtfsf] plt;f/f] cfsif{0f b]lvPsf] 5}g . …;/sf/b]lv ;/sf/;DdÚ g} sDo'lg:6x¿sf] klg lgolt xf] ls eGg] uDeL/ cfz+sf hgtfdf pTkGg ePsf] 5 . of] kIfdf uDeL/ Wofg k'?{ofpg'kg]{ eO;s]sf] 5 .

h;/L g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf 7"nf] kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5, of];Fu} hgtfsf] /fhgLlts r]tgfn] klg km8\sf] df/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL ;dfhdf h'g lsl;dn] cu|ufdL ;f]rsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5, o;n] cGwelQm / JolQmjfbnfO{ qmdz sdhf]/ kfb}{ nu]sf] 5 . hgtfn] ca JolQm      / kf6L{eGbf ljifoj:t' / pgLx¿sf] sfdsf] kl/0ffdsf] cfwf/df lj/f]w / ;dy{g ug]{ kl/kf6Lsf] ljsf; x'Fb} 5 . of] cToGt ;sf/fTds kIf xf] .

;+;f/sf ljleGg d'n'sdf jfdkGyL zlQm / k'FhLjfbL zlQmaLrsf] ;DaGw zq'tfk"0f{ 5 / To;n] Ps–csf{nfO{ lgif]w ug]{ cj:yf 5 . t/, g]kfndf ))& ;fnb]lv )&@ ;fn;Ddsf ljleGg cfGbf]ng / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf jfdkGyL / k'FhLjfbL zlQmaLr k|lt:kwf{sf] ;fy} ;xdlt / ;xsfo{sf] k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] 5 . of] g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] cToGt dxQ\jk"0f{ / ljlzi6 cj:yf xf] .

oBlk, olt nfdf] ;do;Ddsf] k|lt:kwf{ / ;xsfo{n] dflyb]lv tn;Dd pgLx¿sf gLlt, ljrf/, cfr/0f, Jojxf/ / kf6L{ ;~rfngsf tl/sfdf          Ps–csf{sf] k|efj k/]sf] 5 . Ps–csf{sf] cfnf]rgf / Ps–csf{af6 l;Sg] qmddf kf6L{x¿df dxTjk"0f{          kl/jt{g / ljsf; klg ePsf] 5 . sDo'lg:6x¿ ax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{sf] /fhgLlts k|0ffnLdf cfpg' / k'FhLjfbL kf6L{ u0ftGqsf] af6f]df cl3 a9\g' Psn] csf{nfO{ qmdz: ¿kfGt/0f ub}{ cl3 a9]sf] Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] . o:tf w]/} pbfx/0f 5g\ .

Psn] csf{nfO{ abNg] / k|efljt kfg]{ qmddf uDeL/ gsf/fTds k|efj klg k/]sf] 5 . kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf ;Gbe{df g]kfnL sf+u|];n] sltko s'/f sDo'lg:6af6 l;s]/ cfkm"nfO{ qmdz ;'b[9 ub}{ nu]sf] kfOG5 eg] sDo'lg:6x¿df Jojxf/t: k'FhLjfbL sfo{z}nL         vt/gfs /f]usf] ¿kdf a9]sf] kfOG5 . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ Jojl:yt of]hgfsf cfwf/df lgdf{0f ul/G5 t/ kl5Nnf /fhgLlts 36gfqmddf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{nfO{ :jt:km't{tfdf cl3 a9fpg vf]h]sf] b]lvG5 . o;af/] sDo'lg:6x¿n] ;dod} a'l4 k'?{ofpg ;s]gg\ eg] ;f]leot ;+3sf] lgolt ef]Ug' clgjfo{ x'g]5 .

g]kfnsf jfdkGyLx¿n] dfS;{jfbL b[li6sf]0fcg';f/ /fHo;QfnfO{ xd];f hgtfsf] lxtsf] ;fwgsf ¿kdf k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] xf] eg] of] d'n's ;fFrf] cy{df ;dfhjfbsf] lbzfdf cl3 a9\g]5 . clxn]sf] ;+s6 ;dfwfgkl5 ;dfhjfbsf] hu lgdf{0f ug]{ p2]Zon] gLlt / of]hgf agfpg'sf ;fy} To;nfO{ Jojxf/df sfof{Gjog ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . o;n] jfdkGyLx¿sf] nf]slk|otf cem dfly p7\g]5 . t/, To;f] gu/L ;QfnfO{ g} cfˆgf] nIo agfpg] / /fli6«o lxteGbf JolQmut, u'6ut Pjd\ bnut :jfy{df s]lG›t x'g] xf] eg] ToxLFaf6 ktgsf] ;'?jft x'g]5 .

clxn] ;+;ßf /x]sf k|fo ;a} jfdkGyL d"nt: ;dfg lsl;dsf] sfo{gLltsf] cfwf/df cl3 a9]sf 5g\ . olt eP/ klg jfdkGyLx¿dWo] sltkodf h8;"qjfbL lrGtg / k|j[lQ a9]sf] kfOG5 . To:t} ;d"xut ;+sL0f{tf / s]xL g]tfsf] JolQmut dxQ\jfsf+Iffsf sf/0f jfdkGyLaLr kf6L{ PsLs/0f u/]/ cl3 a9\g] s'/fdf kxnsbdL b]lvFb}g .

Pp6f ljzfn kf6L{sf] s]G›Lo ;b:o x'g'eGbf ts{xLg lsl;dsf] gLltut dte]b sfod /fVb} ;fg} kf6L{sf] cWoIf, dxf;lrj of kf]ln6Ao'/f] kbdf a:g dgk/fpg] k|j[lQ sfod 5 . Tolt dfq xf]Og, ;fgf] dte]bd} kf6L{ ljeflht ug]{ cToGt sdhf]/ dfgl;stf plQs} kfOG5 .

g]kfnsf jfdkGyL k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ lj:yflkt       u/]/ xf]Og, To;nfO{ s]xL ;'wf/ u/]/ ;Qfsf] g]t[Tjdf k'u]sf 5g\ . oltj]nf d'n'sdf /fhgLlts ;+qmd0fsfnsf] cGTo eP klg k|zf;lgs If]qsf] ;+qmd0fsfn eg] sfod} 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgadf]lhd k|zf;lgs ;+oGqdf ¿kfGt/0f ug{' h?/L 5 . jt{dfg k|zf;gdf Jofks ¿kdf ¿kfGt/0f gug]{ xf] eg] ;/sf/sf s'g} gLlt / of]hgf hgtfaLr nfu" x'g ;Sb}g . ;Qfsf] g]t[Tjdf k'Ug]n] k'/fgf k|zf;goGqdf ¿kfGt/0f ug{ ;s]gg\ eg] k'/fgf] k|zf;goGqn] g]t[TjnfO{ cfkm"cg's"n ¿kfGt/0f ug]{5 . o;n] cGtt: jfdkGyL cfGbf]ngdf 7"nf] Iflt k'Ug]5 . ;QfnfO{ hgtfsf] lxteGbf cfˆgf] lxtdf k|of]u ug]{ k|j[lQ a9]sf sf/0f klg hgtfn] cfly{s–;fdflhs ¿kdf 7"nf] kl/jt{gsf] cg'e"lt ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ .

s'g} j:t'sf] ljsf; / ljgfzdf cfGtl/s sf/0f g} d"n x'G5 . t/, jfdkGyLx¿ cfˆgf x/]s c;kmntfnfO{ cfkm"leq vf]Hg'eGbf afXo kl/l:yltdfly bf]if kG5fP/ hgtfaLr ;fFlrnf] aGg] k|oTg u5{g\ . afXo sf/0f dxQ\jk"0f{ xf] g} t/ Tof] k|d'v xf]Og . clxn] g]kfndf ef/tn] gfsfaGbL nufPsf] 5, t/ xfd|f ljleGg cfGtl/s sf/0fn] g} p;n] gfsfaGbL nufpg] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] xf] . cem 7f]; ¿kdf eGg] xf] eg] cfh;Dd d'n'snfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg] ljifodf Wofg k'Ug g;Sg' jt{dfg ;+s6sf] d"n sf/0f xf] . To;n] xfdLleq h'g lsl;dsf] ;d:of 5, ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf] cfwf/ klg xfdLleq} 5 . Tof] cfwf/ b]Vg' / ;d:of xn ug{'df g} g]t[Tjsf] of]Uotf / Ifdtf lge{/ x'G5 .

oltj]nf g]kfnL /fhgLltdf ;+3Lotfsf gfpFdf d'n'snfO{ ljv08gdf k'?{ofpg] / g]kfnL hgtfaLr ;fDk|bflos ;b\efj layf]Ng] k|oTg hf/L 5 . clxn]nfO{ s'g} sf/0fn] l:yltdf s]xL ;'wf/ cfof] eg] klg of] ;d:of g]kfndf nfdf] ;do;Dd sfod /xg]5 . To;}n] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{ ldn]/ cl3 a9\g'sf] ljsNk 5}g . clxn] jfdkGyLx¿ ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf sf/0f d'n'snfO{ Pstfa4 kfg{ pgLx¿n] g} k|d'v e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{'k5{ . clxn]sf] kl/l:yltdf Psflt/ jfdkGyLaLrsf] PstfnfO{ cem ;'b[9 kfg{' cfjZos 5, csf]{tkm{ jfdkGyL zlQmn] ;+ljwfgsf] sfof{Gjog / d'n'ssf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfnL sf+u|];nufot ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf ;xofqL bn;Fu ljifout cfwf/df ;xsfo{ u/]/ cl3 a9\g] jftfj/0f ldnfpg' cfjZos 5 . To;sf nflu jfdkGyLx¿n] g} a9L nlrnf] eP/ Pstfsf] xft cl3 a9fpg'k5{ .

                                                                                    n]vs o'a/fh 1jfnL Pdfn]sf pkfWoIf x'g\ .

ko{6g tyf v]n ;dfrf/

;fkm RoflDkogl;kdf ef/t lahoL

ef/tn] ;fkm RoflDkogl;k km'6ansf] pkflw lht]sf] 5 . cfOtaf/ s]/nfdf ePsf] kmfOgndf cl3Nnf] l;hgsf] ljh]tf ckmuflg:tfgnfO{ @–! n] k/flht ub}{ ef/t ;ftf}+ k6s  ;fkm RoflDkog ag]sf] xf] .

v]ndf ckmuflg:tfgn] &) cf}+ ldg]6df h'jfo/ cld/Lsf] uf]naf6 cu|tf lnPsf] lyof] . t/, w]/}a]/ hf]ufpg ;s]g . &@ cf}+ ldg]6df h]h]n] ef/tsf nflu a/fa/L uf]n u/] .

lgwfl{|t ;dodf b'a} 6f]nLaf6 yk uf]n x'g ;s]g / v]n cltl/Qm ;dodf ws]lnof] . !)! cf}+ ldg]6df ef/tn] @–! sf] cu|tf lng ;kmn eof] .

ef/tsf sKtfg ;'lgn If]qLn] uf]n ub}{ 3/]n' 6f]nLnfO{ pkflw lbnfP .

a+uaGw' uf]N8skdf ;xeflu x'g] 6f]nL 3f]if0ff

a+unfb]zdf cfufdL z'qmaf/b]lv x'g] a+uaGw' uf]N8sk km'6ansf nflu clvn g]kfn km'6an;+3 PGkmfn] g]kfnL 6f]nLsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . a+unfb]z hfg] 6f]nLdf km/jf8{ ljdn 3tL{du/, gjo'u >]i7, /~hg lji6 / ;'dg nfdf 5g\ . uf]nlsk/ Png Gof}kfg], cd[t rf}w/L / las]z s'y' tyf l8km]G8/ cflbTo rf}w/L, cgGt tfdfª, lj/fh dxh{g, b]j]G› tfdfª, sdn >]i7, dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª / /ljg >]i7 5g\ . 

To:t}, ld8lkmN8/df cGhg lji6, ljqmd nfdf, ljzfn /fO{, x]dg u'?ª, hulht >]i7, h+ua' z]kf{, k|sfz a'9fyf]sL, ;'lgn an / t]h tfdfª 5g\ . cfkm"n] lbPsf] ;"rL ljkl/t a+uaGw' sksf nflu g]kfnL 6f]nLsf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] eGb} k|lzIfs Kofl6«s c;D;n] clvn g]kfn km'6an ;+3 PGkmf;u /f]if k|s6 ub}{ lj1lKt lgsfn]sf 5g\ . lj1KtL cfPk5L pgL k|mfG;af6 g]kfn gkmls{g] w]/}sf] c8\sn 5 .  

afnuf]kfn dxh{gsf] k|lzIf0fdf g]kfnL l6d a+unfb]z hfg] atfOPsf] 5 . d'Vo k|lzIfs Kofl6«s c;]D; >LdtL la/fdL ePsf sf/0f k|mfG; uPsfn] pgL z'qmaf/ g]kfn kmls{g] sfo{qmd lyof] . pgn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf AolQmx? l6ddf gk/]kl5 cfZro{ JoQm pgn] g]kfn gcfpg] cfzo lbPsf 5g\ . a+uaGw' skdf g]kfnsf] ;d"xdf cfof]hs a+unfb]z, dn]l;of / >Ln+sf 5g\ . 6f]nLdf clgn u'?ª, ls/0f r]Dhf]ªnufotsf v]nf8L eg] k/]sf     5}gg\ .

;"rLljk/Lt v]nf8L 5gf]6 u/]sf] cf/f]k

g]kfnL l;lgo/ km'6an 6f]nLsf d'Vo k|lzIfs Kofl6«s cf];]D;n] v]nf8L 5gf]6 cfkm"n] lbPsf] ;"rLeGbf aflx/ /x]sf] v'nf;f u/]sf 5g\ . clvn g]kfn km'6an ;+3 -PGkmf_n] ;f]daf/ a+unfb]zsf] 9fsfdf x'g] a+uaGw' sksf nflu ;f]daf/ @# v]nf8L 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . t/, d'Vo k|lzIfs cf];]D;n] 5gf]6 ePsf @# v]nf8L cfkm"n] PGkmfnfO{ a'emfPsf] ln:6cg';f/ gePsf] bfaL     u/]sf 5g\ .

…d}n] ;fu / a+unfb]zsf nflu v]nf8L ln:6 PGkmfnfO{ a'emfPsf] lyPF, t/ cfh v]nf8L 3f]if0ff x'Fbf crDddf k/]F,Ú cf];]D;n] hf/L u/]sf] lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5, …a+uaGw' sksf nflu 5gf]6 ePsf v]nf8L d]/f] ln:6eGbf aflx/sf 5g\ .Ú ut ;ftf pgn] PGkmfsf] sfo{z}nL / cfˆgf] k|:tfj sfof{Gjog gu/]sf] hgfpFb} ;Demf}tf gjLs/0f gug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . PGkmfsf sfo{afxs cWoIf g/]G› >]i7;Fusf] s'/fsfgLkl5 pgL % hgj/Ldf cfpg] tof/Ldf lyP . t/, cfkm"n] ;f]r]eGbf ljk/Lt v]nf8L PGkmfn] 5gf]6 u/]sf] ;'Gbf g]kfn cfpg'sf] cy{ g} g/x]sf] eGb} pgn] b':v kf]v]sf 5g\ . …d}n] eg]h:tf] gePkl5 ca g]kfn cfpg'sf] cy{ /x]g,Ú cf];]D;n] eg], …Jofj;flos ¿kdf lxF8\g] JolQmnfO{ Tof] lg0f{o :jLsfo{ 5}g .Ú

rnlrq tyf dgf]/Ghg

;gd s7fotsf] dgsf] dfG5]

;jf{lws rlr{t ufos k|df]b      v/]nsf] ;'dw'/ cfjfhdf …d]/f] cfˆgf] dfG5] ltdLÚ af]nsf] uLtsf] Do"lhs lel8of] ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . z'idf clwsf/Lsf] zAb /rgfdf tof/ ePsf] uLtdf ;Gtf]if s]=;Lsf] ;+uLt               /x]sf] 5 .

 /f]dfG6Ls hg/sf] uLtsf] Do'lhs le8Lof]nfO{ eg] /ljG› j/fnn] lgb]{zg u/]sf x'g\ . le8Lof]df clxn]sf] ;do lgs} g} Jo:t df]8n ;gd s7fotsf] hf]8bf/ clegonfO{ b]Vg ;lsG5 .

 pTs[i6 clego;+u} w]/} h;f] cfw'lgs uLtsf] le8Lof]df b]lvg] pgL o; le8Lof]df uLtsf] efj cg';f/ g} au]sf 5g\  eg] pgnfO{ ;Demgfn] ;fy lbPsL l5g\ .

w'd{';–;'GtnLn] afF8] Gofgf] sk8f

w'd{'; ;'GtnLn] l;Gw'kfNrf]s a/fDrL uflj;sf e"sDk kLl8tnfO{ Gofgf] lbPsf 5g\ .

cTolwslr;f]sf sf/0f e"sDk kLl8tsf] s7\ofË|LP/ d[To' x'g yfn]kl5 pgLx?n] a/fDrL uflj;sf * ;o !^ kl/jf/nfO{ ANofÍ]6 ljt/0f u/]sf x'g\  . w'd{'; ;'GtnLsf] ljz]if kxndf g]kfnL ;dfh 6]S;; cd]l/sfn] l;Ëf] uflj;nfO{ g} Gofgf] lbg ANofÍ]6 ;xof]u u/]sf] xf] .

lr;f] a9]/ e"sDk lk8Ltsf] larNnL ePkl5 Gofgf] k|bfg ug{ @)nfv ?k}Fof a/fa/sf] ANofÍ]6 h'6fPsf] PgP;6Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . e"sDkaf6 afFr]sfx?sf] ;d]t lr;f]n] Hofg lng yfn]kl5 hlt ;Sbf] w]/} kl/jf/nfO{ Gofgf] lbgkxn u/]sf] l;tf/fd s§]n -w'd{';_n] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ .

OlGb/fsf] a]nfot ofqf

clxn];Dd @& b]z k'lug\ uflosf OlGb/f hf]zL . o;aLr w]/} lsl;dsf ˆofg e]l6P, sfo{qmd klg ljleGg k|s[ltsf . t/, pgnfO{ o"s] ofqf cGoqeGbf :d/0fLo ePsf] 5 . sf/0f, oxfF dlxgf lbgsf] ;f+uLlts ofqf pgsf] hLjgs} klxnf] nfdf] xf] .

…d]/f] hLjgd} klxnf] k6s nfdf] zf] ub}{ 5',Ú zlgaf/ kmfg{af]/f]l:yt cf]skmfd{ sDo'lg6L xndf klxnf] zf] ;s]kl5 sflGtk'/;Fu pgL ulkmOG, …cfzf 5, ;kmn x'g]5' .Ú a]nfotsf] g]kfnL 8fo:kf]/f g]kfnL ;+uLtk|lt cfslif{t ePsfdf pgL a9L g} cfef/L b]lvOg\ .

o"s] a;fOdf w]/} s'/f l;lsg] ck]Iff pgsf] 5 . la|l6; uf]vf{ g]klnh sfplG;nn] a]nfotsf bh{g 7fpFdf to u/]sf] uf]vf{ sNr/n gfO6df OlGb/fsf] k|:t'lt lg/Gt/ 5 . klxnf] zf] td'x¿sf] Nxf]5f/ sfo{qmdn] s]xL k|efljt eP klg pgnfO{ slQ kZrfQfk 5}g .

…Pp6f km]ldnL zf] h:tf] ug{ kfpFbf dnfO{ v';L g} nfUof],Ú pgn] elgG, …cfof]hs ;+:yfsf] nIo Jofkfl/s nfeeGbf klg snf–;+:s[lt hu]gf{ ug]{ ePsfn] To;sf] Pp6f c+u aGg kfpFbf dnfO{ uj{ nfu]sf] 5 .Ú cfufdL zf]df a9L bz{s>f]tfn] ;fy lbg]df pgL cfzfjfbL ;'lgOg\ .

df]km;n kqsf/Ltf

d]/f] ljrf/df kqsf/Ltf wd{sf] sd{ xf]

;'lznf 7u'Ggf

gofF g]kfn Pkm=Pd= bfr'{nf

n tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/ro kfpF g <

¨ d]/f] gfd  ;'lznf 7u'Ggf  xf]  . d]/f]  3/ bfr'{nf lhNnf dfdf{ If]qsf] l;K6L uflj; j8f g+=@ xf]k/L xf] .  xfn ;b/d'sfd vn+uf bfr'{nf .

n slt ;do eof] o; k]zfdf nfu]sf] <

¨   cf}krf/Ls ?kdf /]l8of]df af]Ng yfn]sf] l7s  Ps  aif{ ePsf] / cgf}krf/Ls ?kdf eGg] xf] eg] sfd ug{ yfn]sf] 8]9 aif{ hlt ePsf] 5 .

n s:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <

¨  k|qsf/Ltf k]zfdf nfu] kl5 d dfgjclwsf/, afn, /fhgLlts la6, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, o'4 h:tf vfnsf Pp6f vfn] kqsf/Ltf dfq} u5'{  eGg ;lsb}g . lsgls kqsf/Ltf k]zfdf nfu] kl5 h'g ;'s} la6df klg snd rnfpg' k5{ . To;}n] tf]s]/ eGg ;lsb}g t/ :jtGqtf k'j{s kqsf/Ltf ug{ rfxG5' . 

n df]km;ndf a;]/ kqsfl/tf ug{ lgs} ;d:of 5 eG5g lg Û

¨  df]km;ndf a;]/ kqsf/Ltf ug{ kSs} klg ;d:of 5 ,t/ kqsf/Ltf k]zf ;lhnf] klg t 5}g gL h'g ;'s} ;'ud jf b'u{d 7fpFdf klg kqsf/Ltf k]zf ug{ ;lhnf] 5 h:tf] nfUb}g . t/ df]km;ndf a;]/ kqsf/Ltf ug'{ / /fhwfgLdf a;]/ kqsf/Ltf ug'{df km/s olt dfq} 5 ls ofqfsf] b'/L km/s 5 . ofqfdf ;xhtf 5 . t/ df]km;n df a;]/ kqsf/Ltf  ug{ /Lkf]l6{ª sf] ;d:of x'G5 . lx8]/ hfg'kg]{ af6f] 3f6f]sf] ;'ljwf 5}g , bfr'{nfdf t of ;Dd 5 ls s'g} 7fpFdf t k'ng} 5}g t'lxg t/]/ l/kf]l6ªdf hfg' kg]{ Hofg hf]lvddf kf/]/ klg 6f9f 6f9f /Lkf]l6{ªdf hfg'kg]{ x'g\5 . t/ df]km;ndf kqsf/Ltf ug'{ eg]sf] klg Ps cfkm}df ;fx;Lsf] cg'e'lt x'G5 . xfdL df]km;ndf sfd ug]{  dlxnf kqsf/x?n] ue{ dfGg' kg{ s'/f] oxfF 5 ls xfdL h'g ;'s} b'u{d 7fpFsf ;d:of klg ;d]6]/ /fhwfgL ;Dd k'/\ofpg ;S5f}F h'g;'s} 7fpFdf uP/ klg sfd ug{ ;S5f} . lsgls df]km;ndf a;]/         kqsf/Ltf u/]/ ;a} kqsf/n] em]Ng'kg]{ kL8f ,b'=v ;'v,sf8f km'nsf] af6f]df lxl8 ;s]sf 5f}F . kqsf/Ltf u/]kl5  o:tf] ;d:of x'g' klg :jefljs} xf]  . lsgls kqsf/Ltf k]zf c? k]zf eGbf km/s k]zf xf] .    ;'ud 7fpF /fhwfgLdf dfq} a;]/ kqsf/Ltf u/\of] eg] b'u{d df]km;nsf ;d:of , cfjfh s]Gb| ;Dd k'/\ofpg]sf]] klg t cfj:os 5 .   

n  kqsfl/tf k]zfdf nfu]/ s] s] ;d:of ef]Ug' kbf]{ /x]5 <

¨   kqsf/Ltf  k]zfdf  nfUg]   hf];'s} xf];\ k'?if jf dlxnf ;d:of t x'G5g g} . t/ dlxnf kqsf/x?sf] eg] cnUu} ;d:of x'G5g lsgsL of] k]zf g} o:tf] xf] .  dlxnf kqsf/x?sf] ;d:of ef}uf]nLs ljs6tf t 5b} 5 . To;df klg cfyL{s ;d:of ,emg  dlxnf kqsf/x?sf] 3/ k/Ljf/ af6 klg ;xof]u k'Ub}g .  kqsf/ eP kl5 /ftL ;DDf klg sfd ug'{ kg]{ x'G5  . ;/sf/L sfo{nosf] h:t} ljxfg !) ah] af6 ;fem $ ah] ;DDf sfd ug]{ eGg] klg x'b}g . kqsf/Ltf k]zf g} To;f] xf] h'g of] sfd olt a]nf ug]{ eg]/  ;do tf]lsPsf] x'b}g . emg dlxnf eP kl5 /flt ;Dd sfd ug{ klg cK7\of/f] x'G5 .  ;a} eGbf ;d:of t oxfF 5 ls kqsf/Ltfdf gt sfd 5 ,gt bfd 5 , gt c?sfd ug{ ;dog} 5 . 

n df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf ;d:ofx? s] s] x'g h:tf] nfU5            tkfO{nfO{ <

¨  df]km;ndf  sfd ug]{ kqsf/xsf] ;d:of ;j{ k|yd t ef}uf}lns ljs6tf g}  xf] . ;fy ;fy} /fhwfgLdf sfdug]{ kqsf/x?sf] klg ;lhnf] t sxfF 5 / kqsf/Ltf ug]{ hf] ;'s} hxfF h's}sf] kqsf/nfO{ klg ;d:of t 5b} 5g t/ df]km;ndf a;]/ sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf] kx'rsf] sdL ;]jf;'ljwfsf] sldn] ubf{ df]km;ndf a;]/ kqsf/Ltf ug]{ kqsf/x?sf] k]zfn]  k'0f{tf kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g .

n lo t eP ;j} ;~rf/sdL{x?sf ;d:of . tkfO{ t dlxnf ;~rf/sdL{ klg xf], dlxnf ;~rf/sdL{x?n] ef]Ug' k/]sf 5'§} ;d:ofx? klg 5g ls < 

¨  Psbd}  5g . gx'g\ klg s;/L p;}t k'?if k|bfg b]z To;df klg dlxnf kqsf/ . xfdf]| g]kfnL  ;dfhdf dlxnf r]nLa]6Ln] r'nf] rf}sf]df dfq l;dLt x'g' k5{ eGg] hf] efjgf 5 Tof] ha ;Dd ;dfhaf6 x6fpFg ;lsb}g ta ;Dd xfd|f] ;dfhsf  dlxnf r]nLa]6Lx? cufl8 a9\g ;Sb}g\g\ . kqsf/Ltfdf klg To;} u/L lje]b 5 . dlxnfx?n] k'?ifx?sf] ;dfhdf hfg' x'b}g, /ftL ;Dd aflx/ a:g'x'b}g, eGg] efjgf cem} klg 5  o:tf] efjgf gx'g] xf]nfg !)) k|ltzt df !)k|ltzt, t/ cem} xfd|f] ;dfh k/Ljt{g ug{  w]/} afls 5 . csf]{ s'/f cfkm' eGbf l;gLo/ kqsf/ k'?ifn] klg dlxnfx? cfkm' eGbf sd} hfGg] x'G5g eGg] efjgfn] klg dlxnf kqsf/x?nfO{  k5fl8 ws]Ng] sfd eO/x]sf] x'G5 . dlxnfx? k5fl8 k/]sf xf]O{g\g kf/LPsf x'g\ .

n 3/ kl/jf/af6 sQLsf] ;xof]u ePsf] 5 o; If]qdf nfUgsf nfuL <

¨  3/ k/Ljf/sf] s'/fug]{ xf] eg] c? If]qdf sfd ug{ / kqsf/Ltf If]qdf sfd ubf{ kSs} klg km/s gh/n] x]5{g . lsgls of] kqsf/Ltf k]zf g} km/s k]zf xf] . To;}n] 3/ k/Ljf/sf] vf;} ;xdlt gePsf] h:tf] dxz'; x'G5 .

n tkfO{ sfo{/t Pkm=Pd= s:tf] rNb} 5 <

¨  PkmPdsf] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] xfn ;DDf ljleGg k|fs[lts k|sf]k b]vL nLP/ sd{rf/L km]/ abn laleGg afwf cr{gf ;lxt ;+3if{ ubf{ ub{} of ;Dd k'Ubf nueu ;f]r] h:tf] gePgL /fdf]| eGg g;s]gL l7s} rn]sf] 5 .

n df]km;nsf ;~rf/ dfWod / kqsf/sf] lk8f p:t} x'g sL km/s                 h:tf] nfU5 <

¨ ;~rf/dfWod / ;~rf/sdL{ sf kL8f eGgfn] Pp6} h:tf] nfU5 . lsgls  ;~rf/ dfWod /fdf|] 5}g eg] ;+rf/sdL{ sf] klg cfyL{s cefj x'G5 . /fd|f] tna x'b}g . ;~rf/ dfWod rNg] eg]sf] ahf/n] xf] . t/ ahf/sf] cefj 5 eg] ;~rf/ dfWodsf] cf}lrTo x'b}g . ;+r/dfWod sf] s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g eg] ;+rf/sdL{ sf] cf}lrTo x'g} s'/} ePg\ To;}n] ;~rf/dfWod / ;+rf/sdL{ sf kL8f p:tf p:t} nfU5g dnfO{ .

n lo ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s:tf lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{ <

¨ kqsf/Ltfsf] If]qdf g]kfn;/sf/n] u/]kl5 w]/} ug'{ afls 5 . kqsf/Ltf k]zfnfO{ /fHosf] rf}yf]F  c+usf] ?kdf dfgLG5 . ;/sf/n] /fHosf] rf}yf] cu+ xf] eg]/ dfq} t x'b}g\ gL . g]kfn ;/sf/n] xfn cfP/ dfq} kqsf/ b'3{6gf ljdf eg]{ sfd ug]{ yfn]sf] 5 . cem} kqsf/Ltf k]zfnfO{ lbuf] agfO{ /fVg laleGg ljleGg ls;Ldsf tfnLd , kqsf/Ltf If]qn] xfn kfO{/x]sf] ;]jf ;'ljwf eGbf km/s ;'ljwfsf] h?/L 5 .  To;}n]  ;/sf/n] klg /fHodf ltg c+u h:t} rf}yf] c+u tkm{ kgL Wofg lbg'     h?/L 5 .

n kqsfl/tfdf b]lvPsf ;d:ofx? ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] s] kxn ul//x]sf] 5 <

¨ g]kfnkqsf/ dxf;+3sf]  s'/f ubf{ v]/L kqsf/x?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf] nfuL  ljleGg tfnLd lbg] u/]sf] 5 . >lds kqsf/x?n] kfpg' kg]{ Go'gtd tna kfPsf] 5 of 5}g\  x]g]{ sfd u5{ . kqsf/Ltfug]{ dfxf]n s:tf] 5 , bjfjdf sfd ug'{ k/]sf] 5  of :jf]tGq ?kdf sfd u/]sf] 5 Tof] klg g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] x]g'{              h?/L 5  .

n tkfO{ k|]; rf}tf/L;+u klg hf]l8g' ePsf] 5, df]km;ndf sfd ug]{               ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] xs lxtsf nflu kqsf/x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx? sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

¨  o:tf j}rf/Ls ;+u7gx?n] kqsf/x?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 , bIf ;~rf/sdL{sf] pTkfbg ug]{ sfd u/L/x]sf 5g . kqsf/Ltf k]zfsf] af/]df s] ug]{ kqsf/n] ldNg] jf s]ug]{ gldNg] eGg] h:tf s'/fx?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpFg' , kL5l8Psf] If]qsf cfjfh ;~rf/ dfWod af6 ;DalGwt lgsfo ;Dd  k'/\ofpg] / kqsf/Ltfsf] ljsf;sf] nfuL sfd u/L /x]sf] 5 .

n tkfOs+f] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <

d]/f] ljrf/df eGg] xf] eg] kqsf/Ltf wd{sf] sd{ xf] . wd{sf] nfuL sfd ug'{ g} kqsf/Ltf h:tf] nfU5 . lsgls c;fxfo ,u/Llj, lgd'vf , lk5l8Psf x?sf] cfjfh ;DjlGwt lgsfo ;Dd k'/\ofpg] Ps cleofg xf] .  ;dfhdf e}/x]sf cGofo cTofrf/nfO{ sfg'g sf] s7\3]/fdf Nofpg] , / hf] ;'s} dfgj hflt nfO{  klg  tkfOsf] sfd of] xf] x} o:tf] u/] unt xf] eg]/ /x]s dfgjsf] sfd st{Jo l;sfpg] Ps ;Ao k]zf xf] .  

n t/ clxn] t ;~rf/sdL{x? lbgx'F ab\gfldt eO{/x]sf] cj:yf 5, ;dfrf/d} df]ndf]nfO{ ug]{, u}/ sfg'gL lqmofsnfkx? ug]{ h:tf cf/f]kx? nfUg yfn]sf 5g, s] eGg' x'G5 <

¨ xf] xfn cfP/ 3/ 3/d} /fhlglt rn]sf] 5 . w]/} h;f]                  /fhlgltsf lx;fjn] klg kqsf/x?n]  hf];'s} ljifodf klg rnv]n u/]sf] kfO{G5 /  n'sLl5kL  u}/sfg'gL sfd u/]sf]  kfO{G5  t/ kqsf/Ltf k]zfnfO{ abgfdL  x'g af6 arfpg :jod kqsf/ geP ;DalGwt kqsf/ dxf ;+3sf] Wofg hfg' h?/L 5 .

n tkfO{ t dlxnf ;~rf/sdL{, dlxnfx? O{dfgbf/ x'G5g eGg] dfGotf 5, To;}n] tkfO{ t nfUg' ef 5}g xf]nf lg o:tf s'/fdf <

¨         dlxnf ;+rf/sdL{ ;a} OsfGbf/ x'G5g eGg]df d ;xdt 5}g . lsgls ;a}sf] ;f]r, ljrf/ ,Ifdtf Ps} x'b}g To;}n] ;a}sf] ;f]r ljrf/ km/s km/s x'g] ePsf]n] ;a}nfO{ OdfGbf/ eGg ldNb}g xf]nf . t/ hlt k'?if kqsf/x? hfGg] a'em\g]df 3dG8 u5\{g Toltg} OdfGbf/ h:tf] nfUb}g . t/ cfh ;Dd  dlxnf x?n] kqsf/Ltf k]zfdf nfu]sf dlxnfx?n] Tolt sfg'g pn+3g u/]sf] klg ;'g]sf] 5}g . cem} klg kqsf/ e}'s] kl5 cfkm' klg o:tf] u}/ sfg'gL sfd  ug]{ klg 5}g  . olb s;}n]u/L xfNof] eg]gL  ;To tYo kQf nufO{ sfg'gsf] 3]/fdf Nofpg  klg tTk/ x'g] 5' .

n  cGTodf s]xL eGg dg nfu]sf] 5 <

¨         Pp6f ;~rf/sdL{sf] cg'ej cfkm'n] hfg] a\'em]sf          s'/fx?  /fVg  lbg' ePsf]df  tkfO{ nfO{  w]/} w]/} wGoafb lbg rfxG5'  .

¨  ;do / larf/sf nflu wGojfb . 

¨ tkfO{ nfO{ klg wGojfb  .

nf]s;]jf cfof]u tof/Lsf nfuL pkof]uL

a:t'ut k|Zgx? M

!= h}las lalawtf ;DaGwL ;GwL s'g ;Dd]ngdf k|:t't ul/of] <

— l/of] ;Dd]ng

@= kftx? xlNnbf slt 8]l;an WjfgL pTkGg x'G5 <

— !) 8]l;an

#= h6fFo' /]i6'/fF eg]sf] s] xf] <

— lu4 ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{ sfo{

$= ;g !(*& df a'|6Nof08 sld;gn] k]; u/]sf] k|ltj]bgsf] gfd s] xf] <

— xfd|f] ;femf eljio

%= h}las lalawtfdf g]kfn laZjsf] sltcf} :yfgdf 5 <

— @% cf}

^= g]kfndf slt k|hfltsf r/fx? ;+/lIft ul/Psf 5g <

— ( k|hftL

&= ;a{k|yd P8\; s'g dxfb]zdf kQf nfu]sf] xf] <

— ck|mLsf

*= hgu0fgf @)%* cg';f/ g]kfndf dlxnf / k'?ifsf] cGt/ slt lyof] <

— @#,%*!

(= u|Lg lk;sf] :yfkgf slxn] ePsf] xf] <

— ;g !(&!

!)= cf]hg tx k[lYjsf] ;txaf6 slt dfyL /x]sf] 5 <

— @% b]lv $) lsld ;Dd

!!= k[YjL lbj; slxn] dgfOG5 <

— ck|Ln @@

!@= ;a}eGbf kl5Nnf] ;dodf :yfkgf ul/Psf] /fli6«o lgs'~h s'g xf] <

— afFs] /fli6«o lgs'~h

!#= h}ljs ljljwtfnfO{ slt efudf laefhg ul/Psf] 5 <

— #

!$= g]kfnsf] /fli6«o hgu0fgf slt slt jif{df lng] ul/G5 <

— k|To]s !) jif{df

!%= dfgj z/L/df /ftf] /Qmsf]ifsf] sldn] s'g /f]u nfUb5 <

— /QmcNkQf

!^== lehg @))% s] ;+u ;DalGwt 5 <

— ko{6g

!&= o'/f] –! s] ;+u ;DalGwt 5 <

— ;jfl/;fwg -gf;' @)&!_

!*= g]kfndf ;+/lIft :tgwf/L aGohGt'sf] ;+Vof slt 5 <

— @&

!(= :j= h= dbgzdz]/ /f0ffsf] :d[ltdf /fgL hubDafaf6 dbg k'/:sf/ :yfkgf slxn] ePsf] xf] <

— @)!@ ;fn c;f]h !) ut]

@)= dbg k'/:sf/sf] /fzL slxn] b]lv ?= @,)),))).— k'¥ofOPsf] xf] <

— @)^! ;fnb]lv

@!= ;a{k|yd lj=;+= @)!# ;fndf dbg k'/:sf/ s;nfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] <

— æxfd|f] nf]s;+:s[ltÆ sf nflu ;Todf]xg hf]zL, æhg/n eLd;]g yfkfÆ sf nflu lrQ/~hg g]kfnL tyf æclwsljej l:y/ljB't\ pTkfbsÆ sf nflu an/fd hf]zL nfO k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

@@= dbg k'/:sf/ k|bfg gul/Psf aif{ s'g s'g x'g\ <

– lj=;= @)#! / @)## ;fn

@#= xfn;Dd sd pd]/df dbg k'/:sf/ kfpg] JolSt sf] x'g <

— df]bgfy k|>Lt -@)@$ ;fndf_ @$ jif{sf] pd]/df ædfgjÆ gfds dfxsfJosf nflu

@$= dbg k'/:sf/ kfpg] Ps} kl/jf/sf b'O{ JolSt sf] sf] x'g\ <

— wg'ifrG› uf}td / w'a|rG› uf}td

@%= ;a}eGbf a9L k6s dbg k'/:sf/ kfpg] JolSt sf] x'g\ <

-;+:s[ltlab\  ;Todf]xg hf]zL -ltg k6s_

@^= dlxnf tkm{ dbg k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug]{ JolSt sf] sf] x'g\ <

— kfl/hft -lji0f's'df/L jfO{jf_ n] lz/Lifsf] km"naf6, emds l3ld/]n] hLjg sf8fF sL km"n, vn+ufdf xdnfsf] nflu /fwf kf}8]n .

–;|f]t ;+sns /fd lai6

;"rgf tyf la1fkg

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf dlxnfsf xs clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 M

¨ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL / ;xeflutfd"ns l;4fGtsf cfwf/df ;dtfd"ns ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{] . n}+lus lje]b cGTo ug]{ .

¨ cfdfsf] gfdaf6 gful/stf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] nufotsf gful/stf ;DaGwL ljifo dfly          gful/stfsf] zLif{s cGtu{t pNn]v u/] adf]lhd x'g] .

¨ ;fdfGo sfg"gsf] k|of]udf pTklQ, wd{, j0f{, hft, hflt, ln+u jf cGo s'g} cfwf/df e]befj gul/g] .

¨;fdflhs jf ;f+:s[lts b[li6n] lk5l8Psf dlxnf nufot gful/ssf] ;+/If0f, ;zQmLs/0f jf ljsf;sf nflu sfg"g adf]lhd ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ .

¨ dlxnfnfO{ n}+lus e]befjljgf ;dfg j+zLo xs x'g] . dlxnfnfO{ ;'/lIft dft[Tj / k|hgg :jf:Yosf] xs x'g] .

¨ dlxnf lj?å wfld{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts k/Dk/f, k|rng jf cGo s'g} cfwf/df zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, of}ghGo, dgf]j}1flgs jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] lx+;fhGo sfo{ jf zf]if0f gul/g] / To:tf] sfo{ b08gLo x'g] tyf kLl8tn] Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] .

¨ /fHosf ;a} lgsfodf dlxnfsf] ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df ;xefuLtf /xg] .

¨ dlxnfn] lzIff, :jf:Yo, /f]huf/L / ;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf ;sf/fTds lje]bsf cfwf/df ljz]if cj;/ k|fKt ug]{ .

¨ ;DklQ tyf kfl/jfl/s dfldnfdf bDktLsf] ;dfg xs x'g] .

¨ ;fdflhs ¿kn] k5fl8 k/]sf dlxnf, ;d]tn] ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf cfwf/df /fHosf] lgsfodf ;xefuL x'g kfpg ;fdflhs Gofosf] xs x'g] .

¨ cfly{s¿kn] ljkGg, czQm / c;xfo cj:yfdf /x]sf, c;xfo Psn dlxnf;d]tn] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff kfpg] xs x'g] .

¨ df}lns xs tyf dfgj clwsf/sf d"No / dfGotf, n}+lus ;dfgtf ;'lglZrt ug{] /fHosf]       /fhgLlts p2]Zo x'g] .

¨ c;xfo cj:yfdf /x]sf Psn dlxnfnfO{ ;Lk, Ifdtf / of]Uotfsf] cfwf/df /f]huf/Ldf k|fyldstf lb+b} hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu ;d'lrt Joj:yf ug]{ .

¨ hf]lvddf k/]sf, ;fdflhs / kfl/jfl/s alxis/0fdf k/]sf tyf lx+;f kLl8t dlxnfnfO{ k'gM:yfkgf, ;+/If0f, ;zQmLs/0f u/L :jfjnDaL agfpg] .

¨ k|hgg cj:yfdf cfjZos ;]jf ;'ljwf pkef]usf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{ .

¨ afnaRrfsf] kfng kf]if0f, kl/jf/sf] x]/rfx h:tf sfd / of]ubfgnfO{ cfly{s ¿kdf d"Nof+sg ug]{]{ . ¨ d'Qm sDxn/L, e"ldxLg, ;'s'Daf;Lx¿sf] klxrfg u/L a;f]af;sf nflu 3/ 38]/L tyf hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu s[lifof]Uo hdLg jf /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ub}{ k'gM:yfkgf ug]{ .

¨ cfly{s ¿kn] ljkGgnfO{ k|fyldstf k|bfg ug]{ .

¨ /fHosf] ;+/rgf ubf{ ;dfgtfdf cfwfl/t ;dtfd"ns ;dfh, ;dfj]zL k|ltlglwTj / klxrfgsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ . ¨ /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«klt km/s km/s ln+u jf ;d'bfosf] x'g] .

¨ k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnLsf] nflu pDd]bjf/L lb+bf dlxnfnfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L aGb;"rL tof/ ug{] .

¨ ;+3Lo ;+;b / k|b]z ;efdf lgjf{lrt x'g] s'n ;b:osf] sDtLdf Ps ltxfO dlxnf ;b:o x'g]  u/L ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] .

¨ /fli6«o ;efdf k|To]s k|b]zaf6 sDtLdf tLg hgf dlxnf lgjf{lrt x'g] / dgf]gLt ubf{ sDtLdf Ps hgf dlxnf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ .

¨ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v / pk;efd'vdWo] Ps hgf / /fli6"o ;efsf] cWoIf / pkfWoIfdWo] Ps hgf dlxnf x'g] . ¨ k|b]z ;efd'vjf k|b]z pk;efd'v dWo] Ps hgf dlxnf x'g] .

¨ ufpF sfo{kflnsf tyf gu/ sfo{kflnsfdf rf/ hgf dlxnf ;b:o /xg] .

¨ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltdf sDtLdf tLghgf dlxnf /xg] .

¨ ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsfsf] k|To]s j8faf6 sDtLdf b'O{hgf dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g]u/L ufpF;ef / gu/;efsf] u7g x'g]

¨ /fli6"o dlxnf cfof]u ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf] ?kdf /xg] / ;f]sf cWoIf/ ;b:ox? dlxnf dfq /xg]

¨ /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]un] cfjZostf cg';f/ k|b]zdf sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg] .

¨ g]kfnL ;]gfdf dlxnfsf] ;d]tsf k|j]z ;dfgtf / ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df ul/g] .

¨ g]kfnL /fhb"t / ljz]if k|ltlglw;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df lgo'lQm ul/g] .

¨ ;+j}wflgs lgsfo / cGo lgsfosf kbdf ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df lgo'lQm ul/g] .

g]kfn ;/sf/

sfg"g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfno

jN8{ lehg cGt/fli6«o g]kfn 8f]6L, ;dfg kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| -l;8_ g]kfn, lhNnf jfn sNof0f ;ldlt / laDa g]kfnL ;fKafn ;+/If0f ;Gb]z

afnaflnsfdfyL x'g] b'Jo{jxf/  

!= e]befj M

lnË, hftkft, PrcfOeLaf6 k|efljt jf ;ª\j|mldt ePsf], ckfËtfsf cfwf/df

@= b'Jo{jxf/

 df}lvs jf efjgfTds b'Jo{jxf/, zf/Ll/s b'Jo{jxf/, of}g b'Jo{jxf/

#= oftgf jf lx+;f

afnaflnsfnfO{ zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s jf ;+j]ufTds ¿kdf oftgf lbg', g]n jf xts8L nufpg', jo:s aGbL jf s}bL;Fu sf/fuf/df y'Gg', ;a} k|sf/sf afnaflnsfdfly x'g] 3/]n' lx+;f, ljBfnodf lzIfsn] / 3/kl/jf/df afa'cfdf jf cleefjs jf :ofxf/stf{n] cg'zf;gsf gfddf jf cfr/0f jf Jojxf/ ;'wf/sf gfddf lbOg] ;a} k|sf/sf b08;hfo cflb .

$= of}g zf]if0f

cfly{s kmfObf jf gfkmfsf] nflu jf cGo p2]Zosf nflu afnaflnsfnfO{ j]Zofj[lQdf nufpg], nuftf/ pgLx¿nfO{ of}g lj|mofsnfkdf ;+nUg u/fpg', of}g zf]if0fsf nflu afnaflnsfsf] a]rlavg ug'{, pgLx¿nfO{ aGws agfpg' jf cZnLn lrq0fdf afnaflnsfsf] b'¿kof]u ug'{

%= a]rlavg / cf];f/k;f/

afnaflnsfsf] cË t:s/L, >dzf]if0f, of}gzf]if0f jf of}gJofkf/, j]Zofa[lQ, cfly{s sf/f]af/ jf cfly{s kmfObfsf] k|of]hgn] ul/g] wd{;Gtfg lng] jf lbg] k|lj|mof ;d]tsf nflu afnaflnsfnfO{ Ps 7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf n}hfg], b]zsf] ;Ldfgf s6fpg] tyf aGws agfpg], afnaflnsfnfO{ lkm/f}tL jf cGo nf]edf ckx/0f ug]{ / aGws agfpg];d]tsf sfo{ o;cGtu{t kb{5g\ .tflxsåf/f hf/L

xflb{s ;dj]bgf

xfd|f cfTdLo ldq /f]h]Gb| hf]zLsf k'HogLo a'jf /fdrGb| hf]zLsf] ldlt @)&@ ;fn k'if !! ut] ^) jif{sf] pd]/df c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] !! cf}+ lbgsf] k'0o ltlydf d[t cfTdfsf] rL/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ ;f]sfs'n kl/jf/hgk|lt w}o{wf/0f ug]{ Ifdtf ldnf]; eGb} xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

k|;Gg/fh e08f/L

O{=;Gtf]if >]i7

ls;f]/ >]i7

uf]kfn hf]zL

jN8{ lehg cGt/fli6«o g]kfn 8f]6L, ;dfg kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| -l;8_ g]kfn, lhNnf jfn sNof0f ;ldlt / laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxsåf/f hf/L