बिम्ब नेपाली साप्ताहिक, मिति २०७३ साल बैशाख ७ गते मंगलवार

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf ckfËtf ePsfx?sf] nflu ePsf Joj:yfx?sf] sfof{Gjog u/f}+} .      

g]kfn ;/sf/

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

d'Vo ;dfrf/

lx8]/} hfpF eg]sf lyP 8f= kGtn]

…cj s/La–s/Lj $% ldg]6 nfUg] t xf], lx8]/} hfpF x} u'8\8L Û af6f]df ;j};+u e]63f6, ukmufkm klg x'G5 .Ú 8f]6]nL ;flxTosf cWootf k|fWofks 8f ho/fh kGtn] cfkm\gf] hLjg;fyL u'8\8L kGtnfO{ lx8]/ hfpF eGbf u'8\8Ln] …x}g dnfO{ t lx8\g uf¥xf] x'G5, uf8Ld} hfpF elgg\ .Ú u'8\8Ln] xfF:b} …km]/L oftfoftsf ;fwg k'u]sf 7fpFdf t o;sf] pkof]u klg ug'{ k¥of] lg ÛÚ eg]sf] s'/f ;DemG5g 8f]6L lhhf]8fdf08f}+ ufla;–! sf b'uf{k|;fb kGt .

of] ;Djfbg} kGt bDklQsf] clGtd ;Djfb eof] . ;'b"/klZrd laz' kj{sf] /demddf 8'j]sf a]nf @)&@ ;fnsf] clGtd lbg r}q #) ut] 8f]6L lhhf]8fdf08f}+ ufla;–# df ePsf] ;jf/L b'3{6gfdf k/]/ Hofg u'dfpg] kGt s] cfO{ l;+x /fhdfu{sf] afg]8'Ë|L;]g eGg] 7fpFjf6 pRrfsf]6;Dd cs}{ hLkdf uPsf lyP . pgL uPsf] hLkdf v/fjL cfPsf]n] cj dfyL r9\g g;Sg] eGb} rfnsn] lkmtf{ NofP .

cfkm\gf] ufpF7fpFdf k'lu;s]sf]df k|;Gg d'b|fdf b]lvPsf kGtn] k'/fgf ;fyL;+uLx?;+u} a;]/ lrof vfP, afNosfnsf ukm u/] . …Tof] uf8L lau|]/ klg l7s} eof], gq e]63f6 ukmufkm klg x'g] lyPgÚ kGtn] eg]sf] s'/f ;DemG5g pgsf ;+uLx? . ukm ub}{ hfFbf pgn] afnaflnsfx?nfO{ k9fpg' kg]{ s'/fdf a9L hf]8 lbP . …gftL gltgf k9fpFb} 5f} ls gfO{, /fd|f];+u k9fpg' eGg' eof]Ú :yfgLo %* jifL{o xs]{ bdfO{ eG5g …dnfO{ o:tf] ;'emfj lbPsf] !) ldg]6d} t ;bfsf nflu labf eO{xfNg' eof] .Ú afnaflnsfx? lzlIft eP eg] ef]nLsf] ;dfh lzlIft x'g] ePsfn] ;a}n] cfkm\gf gfgLx?nfO{ clgjfo{ laBfno k7fpg' k5{ eg]sf] :yfgLo dlGb/] e'n ;DemG5g\ .

8f]6]nL ;+:s[ltsf] cem}  w]/} s'/fdf cWoog x'g afFsL   /x]sf] pgn] lrof ukmsf qmddf jtfPsf] ;DemG5g lhhf]8fdf08f}+–! sf k'ik/fh kGt . …tkfO{x? klg 8f]6]nL ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0fdf nfUg'xf];\, ;xof]u ug'{xf];\ dnfO{ eGg'x'GYof]Ú g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;]jflga[Q lghfdlt sd{rf/L k'ik/fh eG5g\ …cj xfdL sxfF uP/ ;xof]u u/f}+ pxfFnfO{ <Ú

>Ldlt u'8\8Lsf] cfu|xkl5 uf8Ld} hfg] lg0f{odf k'u]sf 8f kGt kl/jf/sf nflu af]n]/f] hLksf] cuf8Lsf] l;6df a;]sf ofq'x?n] cfkm\gf] l;6 5f]8]/ uf8Lsf] 5tdf a:g uP . t/, pgLx?nfO{ s] yfx, 8f kGtsf] ;Ddfg ub}{ 5f]8]sf] l;6g} pgsf nflu d[To'sf]    sf/0f jGg] 5 . leqsf] l;6 5f]8]/ 5tdf uPsfx? 3fO{t] eP/ afFr] t/ kGt kl/jf/sf] 36gf:ynd} lgwg eof] .

…n k;L{ ;j} h}gf]nL cfpg' xf]nf x}Ú cfkm\gf] hGdynf] lhhf]8fdf08f}+ ufla;–* h}gf]nLdf ;fd'lxs ;Ktfx dxfo1 cfof]hgsf nflu cfPsf 8f kGtn] uf8Ldf a:b} cfkm\gf ;fyL;+uLx?nfO{ lgDtf] lbPsf lyP . pgsf] Tof] jfSog} clGtd jfSo eof] . :yfgLo k|e'sfGt kGt eG5g\ …pxfF r9]sf] 7fpFjf6 hDdfhDdL Ps ;o ld6/ dfq} lx8]sf] lyof] uf8L, v;L xfNof] .Ú k|flalws O{li6d]6 lag} sfl6Psf] sRrL af6f]df !& hgf ofq' / * SjL06n ;fdfg af]s]/ u'8]sf] gf gf ! h #@($ g++= sf] af]n]/f] df]8df r9\g g;]/ Jofs cfPkl5 ;8sjf6 s/Lj rf/ ;o ld6/ tn v:of] . ;f] 36gfn] kGt kl/jf/sf kfFr ;lxt ^ hgfsf] 36gf:ynd} / tLg hgfsf] pkrf/sf qmddf Hofg lnof] .

@)!) ;fn df3 !% ut] h}gf]nL ufpFdf hlGdPsf 8f kGtsf] kfl/jfl/s cj:yf emg} sxfnL nfUbf] 5 . kGt !! jif{sf x'Fbf cfdf /fwfb]jL / !$ jif{sf x'Fbf a'jf boflglwsf] lgwg ePkl5 pgL ;xf/flalxg eP . ufpFdf km}lnPsf] x}hfsf sf/0f pgsf] cfdfn] Hofg u'dfpg' k¥of] . …kfgL kfgL eg]/ t8\lk/x]sL d]/L cfdfnfO{ d}n] Ps yf]kf kfgL v'jfpg g;s]sf]df lgs} k5'tf] 5Ú ;Gbe{j; s'/f cfpFbf pgL eGg] uy]{ . x/]s s'/fdf ;fx; ug]{ / xf};nf lbg] cfdfsf] klg lgwg ePkl5 kGtn] lstfjd} cfkm\gf] hLjg vf]Hg] lg0f{o u/] . :yfgLo u0f]z k"j{ k|fylds laBfnojf6 cIf/f/De u/]sf kGtn] sIff $ b]lv pRrfsf]6sf] l;tf/fd xfO{ :s'ndf k9fO{ ;'? u/]sf lyP . …af;sf] sndn] n]lvGYof], s6';, cfd, bfl/dsf af]qmfx? ksfP/ d;L jgfO{GYof]Ú kGtn] Ps ;Gbe{df eg]sf 5g\ …Toltj]nf lzIfsx?n] laBfyL{x?nfO{ lagf sf/0f klg s'6\g] u/]sf] b]Vbf cfFª l;l/Ë x'GYof] .Ú

sIff ^ b]lv ;+:s[t lzIff k9\g yfn]sf kGt cfdf a'jfsf] lgwgkl5 cfly{s ?kdf klg ;d:ofdf k/] t/ pgn] lxDdt xf/]gg\ . l;tf/fd xfO{ :s'njf6 @)@( ;fndf k|j]lzsf k/LIff pQL0f{ u/] . k|j]lzsf k/LIffkl5 pgn] ef/tsf] jgf/; laZjlaBfnojf6 cfO{ P / la P bf]>f] >]0fLdf pQL0f{ u/] . To;kl5 pgL g]kfn kms]{/ k|eft dfla b]xLdf08f}+df lzIf0f k]zfdf nfu] . ef/tjf6 kms]{;+u} lajfx aGwgdf afFlwPsf kGtsf klxnf] hLjg;fyLn] hLjge/L ;fy lbO{gg\ . Ps 5f]/Lsf] hGd lbP;+u} pgL kGt / ;+;f/jf6} labf eO{g . Tof] aif{ pgsf nflu lgs} si6do eof] . cfkm' klg la/fdLn] ylnPkl5 pkrf/sf nflu sf7df08f}+ uP . 5f]/LnfO{ lthfnL ufla;–# df /x]sL lblbnfO{ lhDdf nufP/ .

Psflt/ cfkm' la/fdL eP/ ylnPsf], csf]{lt/ hLjg;fyLn] ;fy 5f]8]sf] lk8fn] kms]{/ 8f]6L cfpg] dg u/]gg\ pgn] . km]/L cWoog ;'? u/] . pgn] lqe'jg laZjlaBfnojf6 g]kfnL laifo lnO{ :gftsf]Q/sf] k9fO{ ;'? u/] . @)#^ ;fndf pgn] k|yd >]0fLdf :gftsf]Q/ pQL0f{ u/] lqrGb| SofDk;df ;xfos k|fWofkssf] ?kdf cWoog ug{ yfn] . @)#* ;fndf s}nfnLdf s}nfnL SofDk; :yfkgf ePkl5 kGtn] cfkm\g} If]qdf cWofkg ug]{ lgwf] u/] / s}nfnL cfP . t/ s}nfnLdf pgnfO{ sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f ag]g . pgL km]/L sf7df08f}+ kms]{/ lqla ;]jf cfof]usf] tof/Ldf nfu] . cfof]udf kf; ePkl5 pgL kb\dsGof SofDk;df cWofkg u/fpg yfn] .

kb\dsGof SofDk;df …8f]6L / s0ff{nL If]qsf] ;+:sf/uLt / la/ufyfÚ eGg] laifo /flvPsf] ePklg cWoog ;fdu|L s]xL gePkl5 kGtnfO{ lvGgtf af]w eof] . g]kfnL ;flxTosf] pb\ud 8f]6]nL ;flxTo ePklg o;df s;}n] klg zf]w gu/]sf]n] kGtn] cfkm'n] o;} laifodf laBfjfl/wL ug]{ lgwf] u/] . pgn] ef/tsf] k6gf laZjlaBfnojf6 …s0ff{nL / 8f]6L If]qsf ;+:sf/, s'dfpgL / 8f]6]nL nf]suLtÚ laifodf laBfafl/bL u/] .

hfkfg, xªsª nufotsf b]zx?df 8f]6]nL ;fF:s[lt ;DjlGw sfo{kqx? k|:t't ug]{ cj;/ kfPsf kGtn] cWoogs} l;nl;nfdf kfFr jif{ hfkfgdf ;d]t latfP . pgn] km]/L lqe'jg laZjlaBfnojf6 …8f]6]nL kflj{s kfux?sf] ;+sng / cWoogÚ laifodf laBfafl/wL u/]sf lyP . …c+h'nLe/L ;u'g, kf]N6fe/L kfuÚ, …8f]6]nL wdf/L lutÚ, …8f]6]nL nf]sufyfÚ nufot 8]9 bh{g s[ltx? k|sfzg ul/;s]sf 8f kGtn] lqlajf6 lalzi7 ;]jf k'/:sf/ tyf lb3{ ;]jf kbs, /fli6«o k|ltef k'/:sf/, g]kfn laBfe'if0f nufot /fli6«o cGt/fli6«o k'/:sf/ tyf ;Ddfg k|fKt u/]sf 5g . hLjg;fyL u'8\8LnfO{ klg laBfafl/bLsf] clGtd r/0fdf k'¥ofpg ;kmn ePsf kGt cGttM hLjg;fyL / cGo cfkmGtx?;+u} ;bfsf nflu labf ePsf 5g . hLjge/L efiff, ;flxTo / ;+:s[ltd} /dfPsf kGtn] clGtd cfn]v klg efiff ;DjlGwg} n]v]/ uP . sf7df08f}+ 5f]8\g' cl3 r}q @( ut] laxfg ^ jh] pgn] ;fdflhs ;~hfn km];a'sdf kf]i6 u/]sf] clGtd cfn]vsf] lzif{s æhfkfgdf cfh Pp6f dfq efiff 5Æ /x]sf] 5 .

8f kGt kl/jf/;+u} cj;fg ePsf cGo ;ft hgfdf kz' /f]u la1 8f u0f]z/fh kGt, kb\dsGof SofDk;sL ;xk|fWofks ;flaqf kGt, ;dfh;]jL s]zj/fh kGt /x]sf 5g . o:t} xl/gf 6d6f, hfgsL 6d6f, rfns r]t/fh anfo/ / pkrf/sf] qmddf ef/tsf] nvgp k'¥ofO{PsL snfjtL 6d6f /x]sf 5g .

O{uNof08af6 Pd P:;L u/]sf 8f u0f]z/f kz';]jf lgb]{zgfnosf If]qLo lgb]{zs ;d]t /lx;s]sf lyP . hd{gLaf6 Plgdn ;fO{G;df laz]if cWoog u/]sf kGt j8{ km\n' /f]usf] g]kfnsf nflu laz]if1 ;d]t x'g .

;DkfbLo

;+lawfg la/f]wL 5nkmn

@)&@ ;fn c;f]h # ut] hf/L ePsf] g]kfnsf] ;+lawfgn] b]znfO{ ;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf nUof] . ;ft k|b]z x'g] u/L tf]lsPsf] ;+3Lo ;+/rgdf k|b]zsf] l;df+sgsf nflu cfof]u u7g ug]{ ;+lawfgsf] wf/f @(% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . k|b]zsf] gfdf+sg ;DjlGwt k|b]z ;efsf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 ul/g] s'/f klg ;f]xL wf/fdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL klg ;DjlGwt k|b]zdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 lg0f{o eP adf]lhd x'g] s'/f wf/f @** df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

pQm ;+a}wflgs Joj:yf eGbf dfyL uP/ lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/ s'g} klg JolQm, ;d"x jf bnnfO{ 5}g eGg] s'/f :ki6 x'Fbfx'Fb} klg xfd|f b]zsf cfkm'nfO{ cJjn bhf{sf JolQmx? / /fhgLlts bnx?n] dgk/L 9+un] /fhwfgL af8\b} lxF8]sf 5g . ;fob pgLx? g]kfnL e'–efunfO{ cfkm\gf] jfpsf] latf{ 7fGb} cfPsf 5g . To;}n] t dgk/L ub}{ 5g .

s]xL ;do klxn] Ps hgf tTsfnLg jxfnjfnf dGqL cfP, pgn] lbkfondf /fhwfgL x'g ;Sb}g eg]/ uP . clxn] b]zs} 7'nf] kf6L{sf k|d'v JolQmnfO{ k|b]z g+= & sf] /fhwfgL lbkfon jgfpg' k¥of] eGbf …/fhwfgLsf] laifodf emu8f gu/Ú eg] . Ps csf]{ kf6L{n] b]z ;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf uPsf] eGb} s}nfnLsf] cQ/Lofdf k|b]z g+= & sf] sfof{no eJo ?kdf pb\3f6g u¥of] . ;f+s]lts ?kdf Tof] klg s}nfnL /fhwfgLs} ?k xf] . clxn] cfP/ g]skf Pdfn]sf] ;Nnfxsf/ kl/ifbn] klg k|b]z g+= & sf] /fhwfgL s}nfnLsf] cQ/Lof jgfpg kf6L{leq k|:tfj u¥of] . cfkm} ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf] kf6L{n] ;+lawfg lakl/t k|b]z /fhwfgLsf] laifodf ax; rnfpg' ax'n7\7Lkg jfx]s c? s] x'g ;S5 / < /fhwfgLsf] laifodf ax; rnfpg]x?n] nfdf] ;dob]lv l;df+sgsf] laifonfO{ lnP/ eO{/x]sf] cfGbf]ng dTy/ ug{sf nflu ax; rnfP x'GYof] lg . 

s'g 7fpF /fhwfgL x'g] jf gx'g] eGg] laifo tt\ tt\ If]qsf hgtfsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ laifo xf] . cQ/Lofdf /fhwfgL eO{b]j;\ eGg] rfxgf /fVg' s}nfnLsf hgtfsf] clwsf/ xf] . pQm clwsf/sf] xfdLn] ;Ddfg ug'{ k5{, To:t} P]ltxfl;s ?kdf, k|fs[lts ?kdf, ef}uf]lns ?kdf, ;+/rgfTds ?kdf 8f]6]nL hgtfn] k|b]z g+= & sf] /fhwfgL lbkfondf x'gk5{ eGg] dfu /fVg' ck/fw xf]O{g . 8f]6]nL hgtf klg g]kfnL gful/s x'g . :jtGqtfk"j{s cfkm\gf] larf/ JoQm ug{ kfpg] / cfkm\gf] xs dfUg] pgLx?nfO{ klg ;+a}wflgs clwsf/ 5 . o:tfo:t} cGo If]qsf ;d'bfon] klg /fhwfgLsf] ck]Iff ug{ ;S5g .

oBkL s'g} JolQm, ;d"x jf kf6L{n] dfG5] ghGdb} n'uf l;pb}df hGdg] lzz'sf] lnË kl/jt{g x'g] xf]O{g . k|b]z;efsf] lgjf{rg x'G5 . lgjf{rgkl5 k|b]z;efsf] a}7s a:5, a}7sdf ;j} If]q / ju{sf k|ltlglwx?aLr 5nkmn xf]nf . ToxfF P]ltxfl;s, ef}uf]lns, ;'/Iff, k|fs[lts, ;+/rgfut cj:yfsf] jf/]df klg 5nkmn xf]nf / lgZsif{df k'luPnf . t/, klg ;+lawfgn] 6'Ëf] nufO{;s]sf] laifodf cg]sy/L lajfbx? pNemfP/ cfkm' rrf{df cfpg vf]Hg]x?n] cfkm\gf] /fhgLlts eljZosf] jf/]df klg Wofg lbg' h?/L x'G5 .

6'Ëf] nufpg]x?n] / …kmnfgf]n] 6'Ëf] nufof]Ú eg]/ lajfbf:kb ;dfrf/ k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f ug]{x?n] klg s] ;f]Rg' h?/L 5 eg] klxnf] s'/f ;DjlGw kIfn] clGtd 6'Ëf] nufPsf] xf] ls xf]O{g, bf]>f] s'/f ;DjlGwt kIfn] dfq} 6'Ëf] nufP/ x'g] s'/f xf] jf xf]O{g, s'g} kIfn] cfkm\gf] dt hfx]/ ug{ ;S5 . Tof] p;sf] :jtGqtfsf] s'/f xf] t/ 6'Ëf] nufpg] clwsf/ ;DjlGwt k|b]z;efnfO{ dfq 5, Tof] s'/f ;+lawfgsf] wf/f @** df k|i6 ?kdf n]lvPsf] 5 .

yk ;dfrf/

rf/ ;o $# n] cfTdxTof u/]

n la;÷l;nu9L

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@)&@ a}zfv b]lv r}q;Dd ;'b"/klZrdf~rn lasf; If]qdf rf/ ;o $# hgfn] cfTdxTof u/L Hofg u'dfPsf 5g .

;'b"/klZrdf~rn If]qLo k|x/L sfof{no lbkfon 8f]6Ln] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ ;j}eGbf a9Ln]  em'l08P/ cfTdxTof u/]sf 5g . o; cjwLdf s}nfnLdf && k'?if / ^$ dlxnf u/L Ps ;o $! hgfn] em'l08P/ cfTdxTof u/]sf 5g . o:t} s~rgk'/df $! k'?if / $) dlxnf u/L *!, a}t8Ldf ;ft k'?if / !# dlxnf u/L @) / c5fddf !) k'?if / kfFr dlxnf u/L !% hgfn] em'l08P/ cfTdxTof u/]sf] If]k|sfsf] tYofFsn] b]vfPsf] 5 .

o:t} aemfËdf !) dlxnf / b'O{ k'?if u/L !@, 8f]6Ldf ;ft dlxnf / ^ k'?if u/L !# hgf, 88]Nw'/fdf kfFr dlxnf / kfFr k'?if u/L !), bfr'{nfdf gf} k'?if / b'O{ dlxnf u/L !! / afh'/fdf ^ dlxnf / b'O{ k'?if u/L * hgfn] em'l08P/ cfTdxTof u/]sf 5g . o;/L em'l08P/ cfTdxTof ug]{sf] ;+Vof Ps ;o #( dlxnf / Ps ;o %@ k'?if u/L b'O{ ;o (! /x]sf] 5 .

sfof{nosf] ;~rf/ zfvfn] pknJw u/fPsf] tYofFs cg';f/ o; cjlwdf ^$ dlxnf / &$ k'?if u/L Ps ;o #* hgfn] laif ;]jg u/]/ cfTdxTof u/]sf 5g . laif ;]jg u/]/ cfTdxTof ug]{sf] ;+Vof klg s}nfnLd} a9L /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . s}nfnLdf #! dlxnf / #$ k'?ifn] u/L ^% hgfn] laif ;]jg u/]/ cfTdxTof u/]sf 5g .

o:t} s~rgk'/df ## k'?if / @^ dlxnf u/L %(, 88]Nw'/fdf rf/ dlxnf / Ps k'?if u/L kfFr / bfr'{nfdf b'O{ dlxnf / tLg k'?if u/L kfFr hgfn] laif ;]jg u/]/ cfTdxTof u/]sf 5g . aemfËdf Ps k'?if, afh'/fdf Ps dlxnf / c5fddf b'O{ k'?ifn] klg laif ;]jg u/]/ cfTdxTof u/]sf 5g .

cfTdxTof u/L Hofg u'dfpg]x?df gbLdf xfd kmfn]/ !) hgfn] Hofg  u'dfP . xfd kmfn]/ cfTdxTof ug]{df ;j}eGbf a9L bfr'{nf lhNnfdf b]lvPsf 5g . o; lhNnfdf ^ dlxnf / tLg k'?if u/L gf} hgfn] xfd kmfn]/ cfTdxTof u/]sf 5g . o:t} a}t8Ldf Ps hgfn] gbLdf xfd kmfn]/ Hofg u'dfPsf 5g . of] cjwLsf cfkm\g} hLpdf cfuf] nufP/ s}nfnLdf Ps dlxnf / a}t8Ldf Ps k'?ifn] Hofg u'dfPsf 5g . o:t} s~rgk'/df cGo lalwsf] k|of]u u/]/ Ps dlxnf / Ps k'?if u/L b'O{ hgfn] Hofg u'dfPsf 5g .

cfTdxTof ug'{sf] d'Vo sf/0f u/LjL /x]sf] 8f]6Lsf k|x/L k|d'v k|x/L pk/LIfs lbNnL/fh kGt jtfpF5g . kGtn] eg] …cg';Gwfgsf qmddf u/LjLs} sf/0f cfTdxTof u/]sf 36gfx? a9L b]lvG5g . g /f]huf/ 5 g g cGo s'g} Joj;fo 5, clg hLjgk|lt g}/f:otf cfpF5 / cfTdxTof ug{ k'U5 .Ú lai6sf cg';f/ cleefjsx?sf] cgfjZos bjfj, k/lge{/tf / 3/]n' lx+;f h:tf sf/0fx?n] klg cfTdxTofsf 36gfx? al9/x]sf 5g .

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ut r}q !( ut] 8f]6Lsf :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L af;'b]j /]UdL labfdf uP . pgL labfdf uPkl5 sfof{nosf cGo kmfF6jfnf klg pgL;+u} x/fP .

of] 36gf 8f]6L lhNnf lasf; ;ldltsf nflu gf}nf] eg] xf]O{g . :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L labfdf hfFbf xf];\ jf sfhdf hfFbf kmfF6jfnf klg x/fpg]  u5{g . kmfF6df sd{rf/L gePkl5 ;]jfu|fxLx? cfkm\gf] sfdsf] nflu k|To]s lbg lhNnf lasf; ;ldltdf cfP/ sfd gx'b} kmls{g] u/]sf 5g\ .

sfof{nosf k|To]s kmfF6x? aGb b]v]/ kmls{g' k/]sf] :yfgLo e/t af]x/f atfp5g\ . pgL eG5g …tLg rf/ lbg nuftf/ lhNnf lasf; ;ldltsf] sfof{nodf hfFbf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ge]6]/} kmls{P . :yfgLo clwsf/L ePkl5 dfq} xfdLn] lhNnf lasf; ;ldltjf6 ;]jf kfpg] xf] t <Ú

sfof{nosf] d'n 9f]sf v'nf ePklg leqsf laleGg kmfF6x? aGb x'g] u/]sf] Pshgf sd{rf/L atfp5g . pgL eG5g …;]jfu|fxLx? cfkm\gf sfdx? ug{ sfof{nodf cfpF5g, oxfF ;a} kmfF6x? aGb b]v]kl5 kls{g] u5{g, sf]xL sf]xL t l/;fP/ ufnL u5{g, clg cfkm"n] gd|tfsf ;fy b'O{÷rf/ lbg kl5 cfpg'x'G5 eGb} ;DemfP/ kmsf{pg' kg]{ cj:yf cfpF5 .Ú

sd{rf/Lx?sf] xflh/L x]bf{ of]hgf zfvfdf sdn xdfn ut r}q @% ut] uP/ a}zfv @ ut] dfq sfof{nodf xflh/L ePsf 5g . o;}u/L bLks hf]zL klg r}q @* ut] uP/ a}zfv @ ut] sfof{nodf pkl:yt ePsf 5g .

n]vf kmfF6sf n]vf clws[t  l8NnL/fh e§ eg] r}t @% ut] b]lv labfdf uP/ cfPsf 5}gg\ . ;]jfu|fxLx? sfd x'G5sL eg]/ cfzf af]Sb} cfpg] / sfd geP/} lkmtf{ x'b} u/]sf 5g .  

cfn]kfsf cd/ v8\sf eg] c? eGbf km/s 5g . labfdf klg ghfg], sfof{nodf klg sd pkl:yt gx'g] . tLg lbg;Dd nuftf/ lhla;sf] sfof{nodf hfFbf pgL b]lvPgg\ . pgsf] cfn]k kmfF6df klg sf]xL e]l6Pgg\ . t/, pgsf] xflh/L eg] b'?:t} 5 .

To;f] t lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6Ldf xflh/ nfpgsf nflu dfq hfg] sd{rf/Lx? klg 5g . pgLx? lhNnf lasf; ;ldltsf sd{rf/L x'g t/ sfd ug{sf nflu xf]O{gg\ xflh/ nfP/ JolQmut k]zf Joj;fodf hfg] / dlxgf k'/f ePkl5 tnj a'em\g cfpg] u5{g . s/Lj b'O{ jif{ cuf8L To:tf sd{rf/Lx?sf] laifodf Jo+Uo ub}{ tTsfnLg :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L huGgfy kGtn] eg]sf lyP …cj 3/d} uP/ tnj a'emfO{lbg' kg]{ sd{rf/L slt / sfof{nodf cfP/ tnj a'em\g] sd{rf/L slt eg]/ 5'§f5'§} ;"rL jgfpFb}5' .Ú

cfkm' aflx/ hfFbf sfof{no l/Qf] x'g] u/]sf] :jLsf5{g :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L /]UdL . pgL eG5g\ …d s}nfnLsf] cQ/Lof k'u]sf] x'Fb}g sd{rf/Lx? klg cf–cfkm\gf kmfF6x? aGb u/]/ aflx/ hfg] u5{g . /]UdLn] eg] …d}n] w]/} k|of; u/]F, d aflx/ x'Fbf dnfO{ kmf]g cfpF5 tkfFO{sf] sd{rf/L vf]O < eg]/, d sfof{no d} 5g eG5' . ca t a}7s g} a:g'kg]{ ePsf]  5 .Ú cfkm' kms]{/ cfpg nfu]sf]    hfgsf/L kfpg] lalQs} km]/L sd{rf/Lx? sfof{nodf xflh/ eO{;Sg] u/]sf] /]UdLsf] egfO{ 5 .

a]kQf kl/jf/jf6 ph'/L dfu

!) jif{ nfdf] ;z:q åGåsf qmddf /fHo / lj›f]xL kIfaf6 a]kQf kfl/Psfx?sf] ph'/L lng] sfo{ b]ze/Ld} z'? ePsf] 5 . a]kQf cfof]un] :yfgLo zflGt ;ldltdfkm{t ph'/L lng] sfo{ z'? u/]sf] xf] .

@)%@ ;fnb]lv ;'? ePsf] ;z:q åGåsf qmddf /fHokIf / tTsfnLg g]skf dfcf]jfbLjf6 a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmx?sf] 5fglag ug{sf nfuL u7g ePsf] a]kQf cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfo{yfngL u/]kl5 a]kQf kl/jf/x?jf6 ph'/L lng] sfo{qmd k|f/De ePsf] xf] .

a]kQf cfof]un] hf/L u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf cg';f/ @)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] b]lv @)^# ;fn d+l;/ % ut];Dd ;z:q åGåsf qmddf a]kQf  kfl/Psf] JolQmsf kl/jf/n] @)&# a}zfv # ut]b]lv h]7 d;fGt;Dd ph'/L cfJxfg u/]sf] 5 . o:t} ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]un] klg ph'/L cfJxfg u/]sf] 5 . ;To lg?k0f cfof]un] xTof, ckx/0f, cËeË, zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s oftgf, JolQmtyf ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ n'6kf6, 3/hUufjf6 hj/h:tL lgsfnf / cGt/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ / dfgjLo sfg'g lakl/t ePsf ck/fw la?4  ph'/L cfJxfg ul/Psf] 5 .

8f]6L lhNnfdf klg ph'/L lng] sfo{ ;'? ePsf] :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf ;b:o ;lrj ;'/]Gb| e§n] hfgsf/L lbP . pgn] eg] …xfdLn] ufpF lasf; ;ldlt ;lrj Ho"x? dfkm{t ;j} ufla;x?df hfgsf/L k7fO{;s]sf 5f}+ .Ú b'j} cfof]u;+u ;DjlGwt ph'/Lx? :yfgLo zflGt ;ldltdf a'emfpg ;lsg] e§n] hfgsf/L lbP .

aSof}tf /sd c;'Nb} lhla;

aSof}tf /sd c;'nLdf s8fO{ u/]kl5 8f]6L lhNnf lasf; ;ldltsf] k'/fgf] afFsL /sd c;'n x'g yfn]sf] 5 .

lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?n] lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6Ldf a'emfpg' kg]{ nfdf] ;do b]lvsf] /sd c;'n ePsf] lhla;sf /fhZj zfvf k|d'v z+s/ af]u6Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . cfly{s jif{ @)^@÷)^# b]lv @)^(÷)&) ;Dddf lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?n] laleGg lzif{sdf lhla;nfO{ e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ o; cfly{s jif{df p7]sf] af]u6Lsf] egfO{ 5 .

cfly{s jif{ @)&)÷)&! ;Ddsf] k]ZsL jfFsL /sd lgdf{0f Jojf;Lx?sf sDkgL÷ kmd{dWo] ^ n] o; cfly{s jif{df a'emfPsf 5g . h; cg';f/ lk P; sG:6«S;gn] ;j}eGbf a9L kfFr nfv, ^* xhf/ rf/ ;o @$ ?k}ofF e'QmfgL u/]sf] 5 . o:t} laef]/ lgdf{0f ;]jfn] b'O{ nfv ?k}ofF gub a'emfPsf] 5 eg] afFsL s/Lj tLg nfvsf] a}Ë Uof/]06L k]z u/]sf] 5 .

lgdf{0f Joj;foL b]e]Gb| v8\sfn] %% xhf/ %) ?k}ofF a'emfPsf 5g . o:t} l8 cf/ sG:6«S;gn] &% xhf/ ?k}ofF a'emfPsf 5g . o:t} 7]s]bf/ lblnk >]i7n] k'/fgf] afFsL /sd dWo] %) xhf/ ?k}ofF a'emfPsf 5g . ejfgL lgdf{0f ;]jfn] cfly{s jif{sf] ;'?d} !^ xhf/ b'O{ ;o ^) ?k}ofF e'QmfgL u/]sf] lyof]  .

nfdf] ;dob]lvsf] aSof}tf /sd lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?jf6 p7\g g;s]kl5 lhNnf lasf; ;ldltn] k6s k6s kqfrf/ ;d]t u/]sf] lyof] . af;'b]j /]UdL :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L eP/ cfO{;s]kl5 pgn] aSof}tf /sd c;'n ug{sf nflu yk s8fO{ /x]sf lyP . lhNnf lasf; ;ldltn] aSof}tf /sd ga'emfpg] sDkgL tyf kmd{x?sf] 7]Ssf O{hfht kq glas/0f gug]{ lg0f{o u/]kl5 aSof}tf /sd c;'n x'g nfu]sf] af]u6Ln] atfP .

af]u6Lsf cg';f/ cem} kfFr sDkgL÷kmd{n] aSof}tf /sd a'emfPsf 5}gg\ . Pd Pd lgdf{0f ;]jfn] rf/ nfv @* xhf/ ;ft ;o, sflnsf sG:6«S;gn] Ps nfv @& xhf/ rf/ ;o %) / uh'/d'vL sG:6«S;gn] Ps nfv *! xhf/ kfFr ;o ## ?k}ofF e'QmfgL ug{ afFsL /x]sf] 5 . o:t} s] P; kL sG:6«S;gsf] ^ nfv $& xhf/ b'O{ ;o *# ?k}ofF e'QmfgL afFsL /x]sf] 5 . aSof}tf a'emfpg afFsL /x]sf lgdf{0f Joj;foLx? klg ;Dks{df cfPsf / nuQ} /sd a'emfpg] atfO{/x]sf af]u6Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g . of] cfly{s jif{df ;j} /sd p7\g] af]u6L jtfpF5g .

o:t} lhNnf lasf; ;ldltn] 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf cg';f/ tf]lsPsf] ;dodf sfd gug]{ lgdf{0f Joj;foL sDkgLx?nfO{ ;d]t hl/jfgf u/]sf] 5 . n]vf zfvfn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ lk P; sG:6«S;gnfO{ ^ nfv @@ xhf/ Ps ;o () / h] cf/ lgdf{0f ;]jfnfO{ Ps nfv #) xhf/ hl/dfgf u/L c;'n pk/ ul/Psf] 5 .

Pdfn] cfd;ef :ylut

g]skf Pdfn]n] 8f]6Lsf] lbkfondf cfof]hgf ug]{ eg]sf] lazfn cfd;ef :ylut ePsf] 5 .

k"j{ k|wfgdGqL tyf g]skf Pdfn]sf al/i7 g]tf dfwas'df/ g]kfnn] ;Djf]wg ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf] pQm cfd;ef g]tfx?sf] sfo{Jo:ttfsf sf/0f xfnnfO{ :ylut ug'{ k/]sf] Pdfn] s]Gb|Lo a}slNks ;b:o k|]djxfb'/ cfn]du/n] hfgsf/L lbPsf  5g . …cfd;efsf k|d'v cltly nufot cGo cltlyx?sf] sfo{Jo:ttfsf sf/0f cfpg ;lsg] cj:yf /x]gÚ cfn]n] eg] …To;}n] s]xL ;dosf nflu :ylut ug'{ k/]sf] xf] . 

g]skf Pdfn] lgjf{rg If]qLo sld6L ! / @ n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf a}zfv !@ ut] 8f]6Lsf] lbkfondf cfd;ef ug]{ to ePsf] lyof] . Pdfn] 8f]6L lgjf{rg If]q–@ sf If]qLo cWoIf x:t a'9fsf cg';f/ cfd;efnfO{  g]kfn;+u} k"j{  Pdfn] :yfoL sld6L ;b:o    ;'/]Gb| kf08], kf]ln6 Jo'/f] ;b:o  a]b'/fd e'iffn, rlr{t dlxnf g]t[ /fds'df/L emfqmL nufotsf g]tfx?n] ;Djf]wg ug]{ sfo{qmd      to ePsf] lyof] .

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

/TgkTy/ tflnd

3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u If]qLo sfof{no /fhk'/ lbkfon 8f]6Ln] tLg dlxg] /Tg kTy/ k|zf]wg ;DalGw ;Lk lasf; tflnd ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 .

ut z'qmaf/ b]lv ;'? ePsf] pQm tflnd cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd ;~rfng x'g] sfof{no k|d'v dfwa ;'a]bLn] atfP . pgn] eg] …xfdLn] cl3Nnf] dlxgfd} tflnd ;DkGg u/L ;Sg'kg]{ lyof] . lalaw sf/0fn] l9nfO{ eP/ of] ;dodf tflnd ;~rfng u/]sf xf}+ .Ú

tflnddf 8f]6L lhNnfsf !) hgf k|lzIffyL{ /x]sf] sfof{no k|d'v ;'j]bLn]    hfgsf/L lbP . laleGg r/0fdf u/L b'O{ ;o hgfnfO{ tflnd lbg] nIf /flvPsf] 5 .

em'l08P/ cfTdxTof

8f]6L lhNnf agn]s ufla;–( sL sn'b]aL e'nn] cfkm\g} 3/ glhs}sf] l;dnsf] ?vdf em'l08P/ cfTdxTof  u/]sL 5g\ . k|]d e'nsL @$ aifL{of kTgL sn'b]aLn] gofF aif{sf] z'?jftd} ! ut] /ftL cfTdxTof u/]sL x'g\ .

em'l08P/ cfTdxTof u/]sf] yfxf kfpg] lalQs} d[tssf ;;'/f b]a e'nn] k|x/L rf}sL ltntfnLdf va/ u/]sf lyP . k|x/L rf}sL ltntfnLaf6 k|x/L ;xfos lg/LIfs s0f{jxfb'/ 3lt{du/sf] sdf08df 36gf:yntkm{ uPsf] k|x/L 6f]nLn] k|f/lDes cWoogsf qmddf sn'b]jLn] cfTdxTof u/]sf] b]lvPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . 

rnlrq÷dgf]/~hg

km];a'sn] lk|o+sfnfO{ tgfj

g]kfnL rnlrq If]qsL rlr{t Goflosf lk|o+sf sfsL{n] cfkm'nfO{ km];a'sn] tgfj jgfPsf] jtfPsL 5g .

sfsL{n] cfkm\gf] km];a's jfndf :6f6;\ n]Vb} cfkm\gf] :6f6;df n]lvg] unt sd]06sf sf/0f cfkm'nfO{ lgs} x}/fgL ePsf] jtfPsL l5g .

cfˆgf] dgnfO{ ?jfpg]x? eGb} pgn] cfkm'n] u/]sf s'g} klg kf]i6 z]o/ s;}sf] JoflQmut ?kdf 7]; gk'¥ofPsf] eGb} unt zAb ug]{x?k|lt b'Mv kf]v]sL l5g\ . :6f6;df pgn] eg]sL 5g\ …xfdL snfsf/ lbg/ft d]xgt u5f}{+, 3/L ;'l6Ë 3/L sfo{qmd . bz}+, ltxf/, rfF8 kj{ s]xL gegL oxfFx?nfO{ dgf]/~hg  lbg 3/L stf/, 3/L dn]l;of t 3/L c:6«]lnof k'U5f}+ . s] sf] nflu oxL cfnf]rgf v]Kgsf] nflu, slt lrQ b'V5 xf]nf ;f]Rg'xf];\ .Ú

pgn] cfkm'n] n]v]sf] :6f6;df sd]06 ug]{x?n] …/08LÚ, …Jo:ofÚ h:tf t'R5 zJbx? k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf] b'v];f] kf]v]sL 5g . s;}n] sd]G6 u/]s} e/df kl/jf/df unt ;Gb]z k'u]sf] eGb} lk|o+sfn] cfkm'nfO{ klg ;a}n] 5f]/L / r]nL ;dlDemg cfu|x u/]sL 5g . pgn] n]v]sL 5g …slxn]sfFxL dfd'n] kmf]g u/]/ æ5f]/L s:tf] g/fd|f] n]v]5 ltd|f] kmf]6fdf x]/ t . l5§} l8ln6 /Æ eGg'x'G5 . slt lrQ b'V5 xf]nf pxfFsf] .Ú

pgn] cfkm'nfO{ dg gk/fpg]x?nfO{ cfkm\gf] jfndf gcfpg / ;fyLsf] ;"rLjf6 x6fpg cfu|x u/]sL 5g . pgn] b]zsf] snfsf/sf] ;Ddfg b]zaf6} ;'? x'g] eGb} cfkm\gf] k]zfk|lt ;Ddfg /fVg ;a}nfO{ cfu|x ;d]t u/]sL l5g\ .

rnlrqsdL{nfO{ lalzi7 kl/rokq

al/i7tf / lkmNd If]qdf k'¥ofPsf] of]u–bfgnfO{ sb/ ub}{ rnlrq ljsf; jf]8{sf] kxndf g]kfn ;/sf/n] !# lkmNdsdL{nfO{ …rnlrqsdL{ kl/rokqÚ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . ;f]daf/ ;~rf/ dGqfnodf cfof]lht sfo{qmdsf aLr ;~rf/dGqL ;]/wg /fO{n] jl/i7tfsf] cfwf/df !# lkmNdsdL{nfO{ kl/rokq x:tfGt/0f   u/] .

/ftf] kl/rokq elgPsf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kl/rokq k|fKt ug]{x?df snfsdL{x?df gL/ zfx, xl/k|;fb l/dfn, ofbj v/]n, e'jg rGb, a;'Gw/f e'iffn, r]tg sfsL{, ls/0f v/]n, nIdLgfy zdf{, ;'e›f clwsf/L, ;s'Gtnf u'?ª zdf{, p4j kf}8]n, d~h's'df/ >]i7 / u]x]G›k|;fb lwdfn 5g\ . 

sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ;~rf/ dGqfnosf ;lrj lbg]z yklnofn] ljlzi6 >]0fLdf k|bfg ul/Psf] kl/ro kqnfO{ klxnf] r/0fsf] eGb} csf]{ r/0fdf lgnf] kl/rokq cGtu{t jl/i6 kl/rokq / To;kZrft xl/of] cGtu{t ;fdfGo rnlrqsdL{ kl/rokq ;d]t ljt/0f ul/g] atfP . 

ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] nfuL ;dofjwL gtf]lsPklg cGo kl/rokqsf] nfuL eg] lglZrt ;dofjwL tf]lsg]5 . To:t} ;lrj yklnofn] gfddf dfq l;ldt lkmNd pBf]unfO{ ;~rf/ dGqLsf] tkm{af6 dlGqkl/ifbsf] j}7sdf k|:tfj n}hfb}+ cflwsfl/s ?kdf ;]jfd'ns dgf]/~hgsf] pwf]usf] ?kdf :yflkt u/fpg] casf] klxnf] k|fyldstf /xg] atfP .

sfo{qmddf lkmNd pBf]udf jl/i7 JoflQmTjx?sf] pkl:ytL lyof] . o;cl3 ;]lna|]6L sf8{ ljt/0f ul/g] xNnfsf aLr ljjfbdf tflgPsf] kl/rokqsf] ljifo rnlrqsdL{ kl/rokqsf] gfddf ljt/0f ePkl5 Tof] ljjfb klg ;fDo x'g] cg'dfg 5 .

v]n ;dfrf/

elnan k|ltof]lutf x'g]

;'b"/klZrdsf  kxf8L lhNnfx?df ;a}eGbf 7"nf] /flzsf] elnan k|ltof]lutf x'g] ePsf] 5 .

Pstf ;fdflhs lasf; s]Gb| tf]n]gL 8f]6Låf/f lhNnf:t/Lo d}qLk"0f{ elnan k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/g] ;+:yfsf cWoIf lbk]Gb| laqmd\ l;+xn] hfgsf/L lbP . gofF aif{ @)&# sf]  cj;/df olx a}zfv !# ut] b]lv !* ;Dd ;~rfng x'g] o"jf d}qLk"0f{ v'Nnf elnan k|ltof]lutf g]kfnL sfFu|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf 8f]6L lgjf{rg If]q–! sf ;f+;b aL/axfb'/ anfo/n] pb]3f6g ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 .

cWoIf l;+xn] eg] …xfdLn] k|d'v cltlydf anfo/, lalzi6 cltlydf k"j{ ;ef;b\ xs{axfb'/ l;+x nufot lhNnf l:yt /fhgLlts bnsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx?sf] cfltYo u|x0fsf nflu cfdGq0f u/]sf 5f}+ .Ú

Pstf ;fdflhs lasf; s]Gb| gfds u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] ut aif{ klg gofF aif{sf] cj;/ kf/L 8f]6L lgjf{rg If]q–! nfO{ nlIft u/L If]qLo :t/sf] elnan k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf u/]sf]  lyof]  . of] aif{ eg] k'/} lhNnfnfO{ ;d]6]/ v'Nnf elnan k|ltof]lutf ;~rfng x'g] cfof]hsn] hgfPsf] 5 .

v]ns'bsf dfWodaf6 o"jfx?sf] Ifdtf lasf; ug]{, ef}uf]lns lx;fan] ;b/d'sfd b]lv 6f9f /x]sf] tf]n]gL ufla;df v]ns'b\ lasf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpg], o"jfx?sf] cfsif{0f a9fpg], pQm If]qdf ko{6g lasf;df ;xof]u ug]{ nufot laleGg nIosf ;fy d}qLk"0f{ elnan k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf u/]sf] cWoIf l;+xn] atfP .

pQm elnan k|ltof]lutfdf s/La tLg nfv *) xhf/ vr{ nfUg] cg'dfg cfof]hsx?n] u/]sf 5g . d~r Aoj:yfkg ug{ #) xhf/, cltly, oftfoft, vfgf vr{df %) xhf/, v]ns'b\ ;fdfu|L v/Lbdf &% xhf/, v]nf8L Aoj:yfkgdf %) xhf/, k|rf/ k|;f/df @% xhf/ / k'/:sf/, k|df0fkq, skdf Ps nfv %) xhf/ u/L tLg nfv *) xhf/ vr{ nfUg] cfof]hsx?sf] cg'dfg 5 .

kl5Nnf] ;dodf lhNnfsf laleGg 7fpFx?df elnan k|ltof]lutfx? cfof]hgf ug]{ sfo{ lgs} rrf{df /x]sf] kfO{Psf] 5 .

n]v

hfkfgdf cfh Pp6f dfq efiff 5

k|f=8f= ho/fh kGt

cfb/0fLo km];a's aGw',

/fhgLlts /+udf 3f]n]/ efiffsf] emu8f p7fpg] / 5Fbf]vfFbf] efiffnfO{ ;'lgof]lht tl/sfn] dfg]{ if8\oGqdf cfhsf] g]kfnL kl/j]z 3'dL/x]sf] cj:yfdf hfkfgdf b]lvPsf] eflifs l:ylt af/] s'/f u/f}F x} .

hfkfgdf cfheGbf nueu 8]9 ;o jif{ klxn] rfln; j6f efiff / TolQ g} hflt lyP . ;dosf] kl/jt{g, hg r]tgfsf] clej[l4, ef}lts ;d'Gglt, ljZjo'4n] NofPsf xnrn / ljKnj, /fhgLlts :jtGqtf ;d]tsf cg]s sf/0fn] la:tf/} tL ;a} hflt / efiff ;dfKt eO{ cfh Pp6} hflt / Pp6} efiff :yflkt ePsf] 5 . eflifs cg]stf / hftLo cg]stf ;dfKt x'g' klg xfd|f] pGgltsf] cfwf/ xf] eGg] s'/f pgLx¿ atfpF5g\ . cfh g]kfndf o; k|sf/sf s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] hftLo :jtGqtf / eflifs :jtGqtf        lj/f]wL s'g rflxF c;fdflhs tTj cfof] eg]/ ;a}h;f] /fhgLlts zlQm ef}lts sf/afxL ug]{ dg;fo lnP/ kl5 nfUnfg\ eGg] ;DefjgfnfO{ gsfg{ ;lsFb}g .

g]kfndf x'Fb} gePsf efiff / hfltsf] ljefhg u/]/ …km'6 xfn / /fh u/Ú eGg] c+u|]hsf] gLlt Jojxf/df nfu" ul/Psf] kfOG5 . clxn]sf] l:ylt sfod /Xof] eg] casf] Ps ;o jif{kl5 g]kfndf g]kfnL efiff /xg] 5}g eGg] s'/fsf] eljiojf0fL cGt//fli6«o :t/sf efiffj}1flgsx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf g]kfnL g} g/xg] cj:yf pTkGg eof] eg] c¿ efiffsf] xfnt s] xf]nf Tof] ;xh} cg'dfg nufpg ;lsG5 . o:tf] vfnsf] ;'lgof]lht kl/of]hgf s;sf] xf] / s'g zlQmn] o:tf] sfd u/L /x]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f a'em\gsf] ;§f xfdL g]kfnL efiffnfO{ 6'qmfP/ 8f]6]nL, 88]Nw'/]nL, a}t8]nL, bfr{'n]nL, c5fd]nL, aemfª]nL, afh'/]nL, h'DnL, x'DnL, b}n]v]nL, sflnsf]6]nL nufotsf lhNnf / If]qsf cfwf/df cnu cnu efiff agfpFb} u/]sf] cj:yfnfO{ d]/f] t 5'§} efiff eof] eg]/ v';L dgfpFb} 5f}F . o; v';Ln] g]kfnLnfO{ w'hfw'hf kf/]/ g]kfndf g]kfnL af]Ng]x¿sf] ;+Vof Hofb} Go"g 5 cyf{t\ kfFr k|ltzt klg 5}g eGb} To:tf] efiff b]zsf] zf;g ;~rfngsf] dfWod x'g ;Q}mg eGg yflnof] eg] o; b]zsf cGo s'g rflxF efiffn] g]kfnLsf] :yfgfkGg eP/ k|lt:yfkg x'g] zlQm k|fKt ug]{ xf] <

o; k|sf/sf s'/f ug{sf] tfTko{ g]kfndf ePsf efiffx¿ ;dfKt u/]/ Pp6} efiff agfcf}F eGg vf]h]sf] eg] xf]Og x} . ;f/e"t s'/f s] xf] eg] dft[efiffdf lglZrt txsf] lzIff lbOg' kb{5 eGg] kl/of]hgf cl3 ;fbf{ uf]/vfkqsf] ax'eflifs k[i7 ldNsfP/ g]kfnLdf n]lvPsf s'/f dfq k9\g] ;Da4 efiffs} kf7ssf] jt{dfg cj:yfaf6 kf7 l;s]/ b]zsf] Jojxfl/s ;To / k|fof]lus oyfy{nfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fvL eflifs of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{' a'l4dfgL x'G5 . /fhgLlts cfj]zn] o; b]zsf]  w]/} lghTj ;dfKt kf/L ;s]sf] k[i7e"ldsf] Vofn eflifs / hftLo kl/j]zsf qmddf k'¥ofpg' lgtfGt h?/L 5 .

cGoyf cy{ gnufP/ jf:tljs w/ftndf pleg] xf] eg] d}lynL, ef]hk'/L, cjwL, lxGbL, a|h, yf¿ efiffnfO{ g]kfnLeGbf leGg efiff eGg uf/} kb{5 . oL efiffnfO{ 5'6\ofPsf sf/0fn] klg xfnsf lbgdf kxf8] / dw];]sf] e]befj / kfgL af/faf/sf] cj:yf cfPsf] s'/f gsfg{ ldNb}g . dfly elgPsf 8f]6]nL cflb efiffnfO{ g]kfnLaf6 cnu ubf{ hftLo ljefhgsf] aLhf/f]k0f x'g g;Sg] bfaL s;n] ug{ ;Qm5 <

o; k|sf/sf s'/fdf uDeL/tfk"j{s Wofg lbOPg eg] o; b]zsf] eljio cGwsf/k"0f{ t'Nofpgsf nflu ef/taf6 cfoft ul/g] k]6«f]n, l8h]n, Uof; nufotsf k/lge{/tfsf ;fwgsf] h:tf] axfgf cfjZos kg]{ 5}g . b]zleqs} ljv08gsf/L hg zlQm / dg zlQm cfk}mdf kl/k"0f{ x'g] 5 . g]kfndf x'g' kg]{ sfd w]/} l9nf x'G5 gx'g' kg]{ sfd r'6\sL ahfPsf] z}nLdf If0fe/d} eO{ xfNb5 . d]nDrLsf] kfgL sf7df08f}Fdf cfpg ce}m slt bzfAbL nfUg] xf] yfxf 5}g . lxGb" wd{nfO{ ldNsfP h:t} g]kfnL efiffsf ;fy} clwst/ hgtfn] af]Ng] o; b]zsf cGo efiffsf] ;dflKtsf] 3f]if0ff slt a]nf x'g] xf] eGg] s'/f JoQm ug{ ;lsg] l:ylt eg] 5}g . hfu?s b]zeQm / Odfgbf/ cfb/0fLo hg ;d'bfo ;dIf s/a4 cg'/f]w s] xf] eg] ljutsf 36gfaf6 kf7 l;s]/ o; b]zdf efiff / hfltsf s'/fnfO{ lnP/ cfk;df emu8f gu/f}F x} . Tof] xfdL ;a}sf lglDt 3fts dfq xf]Og 3ftstd\ x'g] 5 .

xjfO{ b'3{6gf / ;8s b'3{6gfaLrsf] lae]b\

;'dg/fh kGt

s]xL lbgcl3 vf]6fªdf ofq' a; b'3{6gf eof] . tLg bh{geGbf a9Ln] Hofg u'dfP . Tolt g} ;+Vofdf 3fOt] eP . ef]lnkN6 km]l/ ;'b"/klZrdsf] 8f]6Ldf hLk b'3{6gf eof] . ( hgfn] Hofg u'dfP .

t/ lj8Dagf, gful/s ;'/Iffsf] lhDd]jf/L af]s]sf] /fHosf] s]G›Lo lgsfo a]va/ em}+ al;lbof] . b'3{6gf:yndf /x]sf s]xL k|x/L / :yfgLoaf;Ln] dfq p4f/ u/] . p4f/sf nflu /fHosf] tkm{af6 geO{ lghL kxnaf6 ;]gfsf] x]lnsf]K6/ ef8fdf k|of]u ug{ kLl8tx? afWo eP . l;+xb/af/n] ;dj]bgfsf] ;Gb]z lbg;d]t sGh':ofFO u¥of] . p4f/df tbf?stf t k/sf] ljifo eOxfNof], a? ef/tsf] Ps dlGb/df ePsf] cfunfuL ljifodf xfd|f k|wfgdGqLnfO{ a9L etetL kf]Nof] . t'?Gt ToxfFsf k|wfgdGqL g/]G› df]bLnfO{ kmf]g u/L ;xfg'e"lt JoQm ug{ xtfl/P .

oL 36gf pbfx/0f dfq x'g\ . ;8s ;jf/L b'3{6gfdf /fHon] b]vfpFb} cfPsf] j]jf:tf s'g xb;Dd x'g] ub{5 eGg] t xfdLn] b]Vb} cfPsf 5f}+ g} .

xjfO ofq' pRr, ;8s ofq' t'R5

clxn];Dd xfdLn] ;8s b'3{6gfsf] 5fgljg ug{ s]G›Lo:t/sf] s'g} 5fgljg 6f]nL u7g ePsf] ;fob} ;'g]sf 5f}+, ;a}h;f] 36gf :yfgLo?kd} ;fd;'d x'G5Gf\ . olb xjfO b'3{6gf eOlbPsf] eP < ;a}sf] sfg 7f8f] x'GYof] . /fHon] t'?Gt p4f/df /fHosf ;a} c+u kl/rfng uYof]{ . p:t} k/] gful/s p8\og dGqL, u[x dGqL g} 36gf:yn k'Uy] . :yfgLo ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ d2t ug{ yk hgzlQm / ;|f]t ;fwg kl/rfng ul/GYof] . b'3{6gf :yn t'?Gt ;'/Iff lgsfosf] lgoGq0fdf x'GYof] . s]G›af6 ;'/Iff k|d'v, dGqfno ;a}n] lgb]{zg / ;dGjo ul//x]sf x'Gy] . /fHoaf6} x]lnsK6/ rf6{/ u/]/ @$ 3G6fleq} kf]i6df6{d / kl/jf/sf] lhDdf nufOGYof] . olt dfq xf]Og, 36gf 5fgjLgsf] nflu pRr:t/Lo 6f]nL tTsfn u7g ul/GYof] . ;jf/L b'3{6gfsf] eGbf klg sd g} dfgjLo Iflt lsg gxf];\ .

t/, hlt g} dfgjLo Iflt xf]:f\, ;8s ;jf/L b'3{6gfnfO{ /fHon] ug]{ lje]b rsf]{ 5 . clxn];Dd xfdLn] ;8s b'3{6gfsf] 5fgljg ug{ s]G›Lo:t/sf] s'g} 5fgljg 6f]nL u7g ePsf] ;fob} ;'g]sf 5f}+ . ;a}h;f] 36gf :yfgLo?kd} ;fd;'d x'G5g\ . a9Ldf Tof] lhNnfsf P;kL jf k|lhc;Ddn] rf;f] b]nfg\ .

xf], ;+ljwfgtM x/]s gful/ssf] df}lns xs a/fa/ 5 . gful/ssf] hGd / d[To'nfO{ ;dfgtf lbOPsf] x'G5 . t/, g]kfn /fHo gful/ssf] d[To'df eg] r/d lje]b ub{5 . xjfOhxfh, x]lnsK6/ r9\g]nfO{ pRr ;Ddfg / uf8Ldf u'8\g]nfO{ t'R5 Jojxf/ ub{5 . slt;Dd eg], xjfO b'3{6gfsf nf; x]lnsf]K6/df af]lsG5, ;8s b'3{6gfsf 3fOt]n] PDa'n]G; kfpg klg xDd] k5{ . a?, xfd|f dGqL !) xhf/ ?k}+ofFsf] ;f]nf/ Kofgn pb3f6g ug{ rf6{8{ x]lnsf]K6/df k'U5g\ .

6«flkms k|x/Lsf] …v'›] l8nÚ

;8s ;jf/L ;'/Iffsf] k|d'v lhDd]jf/L af]s]sf] lgsfo xf] 6«flkms k|x/L . t/ xfd|f 6«flkms k|x/L ;jf/L rfnssf] d'v ;'F£b}df Jo:t x'G5g\ . lsgsL, dfk;] u/]sf rfnsaf6 c;'n x'g] hl/jfgf c?eGbf a9L 5 . dfk;] ;dfTg]n] hl/jfgfsf] sld;g klg a9L kfpF5g\ . t/, uf8Ln] IfdtfeGbf a9L ofq' af]s]df rfnsnfO{ hl/jfgf lt/fpg] afx]s c? ub}{gg\ . krf;, ;o ?k}+ofF vNtLdf xfn]/ afOafO ug]{ 6«flkms k|x/L  w]/} 5g\ . uf8L /f]Sg] clg uf8Lsf] k5fl8 jf ;8seGbf clns k/ uf8L sd{rf/L / 6«flkms k|x/LaLr sfg]v';L l8n x'g] u/]sf] tkfO{+ xfdLn] ofqf ubf{ b]v]s} 5f}+ .

IfdtfeGbf a9L ofq' r9fpg] rfnsnfO{ ul/g] sfjf{xL oxL xf] t < s] hl/jfgf lt/fpFb}df pGd'lQm lbg ldN5 < 6«flkms k|x/Lsf] st{Jo rfnsaf6 hl/jfgf c;'nL dfq xf] ls uf8Ldf ;jf/ ofq'sf] ;'/Iffsf] kx/]bf/L < lgodtM Joj;flos j:t', sfuf]{ ofq'afxs a;df 9'jfgL ug{ ldNb}g, ofq'sf] lghL nu]h afx]s . t/, xfd|f ofq'jfxs a;sf 5t / Kof;]h af]/f, u'G6fx?n] vfFlbPsf   x'G5g\ . a; lgdf{tf sDkgLx?n] tf]s]sf] eGbf bf]Aa/, t]Aa/ ef/ axg ul//x]sf x'G5g\ . -cr]n nfdf] b"/Lsf s]xL l8nS; a;x?df eg] ef/L nu]h af]Sg] rng sdL x'Fb} uPsf] 5 ._

o;sf] cg'udg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L 6«flkms k|x/Lsf] klg xf] . t/, krf;, ;o ?k}+ofF hl/jfgf -l8n <_ ub}{ 6«flkms k|x/Ln] cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L k'/f ePsf] 7fGb} cfPsf] 5 . clxn];Dd cf]e/ nf]8 ul/Psf] a;af6 ;fdfg cf]/fn]sf] sxL+ b]Vg' ePsf] 5 < ;fob 5}g xf]nf . To;}n] dfna:t' vfFbLvfFbL af]Sg] clg af6f]df a;]sf 6«flkms k|x/LnfO{ …v';L kfg]{Ú afgL xfd|f ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf rfns, sG8S6/x?df klg al;;s]sf] 5 .

oftfoft lgodgsf] lhDd]jf/L af]s]sf] csf]{ lgsfo oftfoft Joj:yf ljefu klg xf] . b]zsf ;a} c~rndf o;sf] sfof{no v8f 5g\ . t/, o;sf sd{rf/Lx? uf8L btf{, gfd;f/L, gjLs/0f cflb OToflb sfddf tNnLg 5g\ . a?, oftfoft l;l08s]6sf] ck|ToIf    kx/]bf/L kf] ul//x]sf 5g\ .

lsgls, ;fj{hlgs oftfoft If]qdf s'g} sDkgL jf ;+u7gn] Psn ?kdf cfˆgf uf8L dfq u'8\g kfpg] rng -l;l08s]6_ nfO{ k|lt:kwf{ sfg'gsf] kl/lwdf /xL lgodg u/]sf] kfOb}g . To;}n] s]xL oftfoft ;+u7gsf cwLgdf /x]sf uf8Ln] dfq kxf8L / klZrdL e]udf sfd kfpg] rng 5 . rsf]{ l;l08s]6 z'Ns clg nfdf] ;dosf]  cGt/fndf kfpg] ?6 cj;/sf] sf/0f yf]qf uf8Ln] u'G›'s vfFb] em}+ ofq' sf]Rg] u/]sf] Pp6f sf/0f of] klg xf] .

otf, oftfoft ;+u7gx?sf] e"ldsf klg ofq'd}qL x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . l8nS; a;x?n] lbPsf] ;'ljwf w]/} xb;Dd ;x|fgLo 5 . t/, nf]sn / u|fdL0f If]qsf oftfoft ;]jf lgs} lrGtfnfUbf] 5 . a;sf] l;6 ;xL xfntdf x'Fb}g . w]/} a;df ‰ofn / 6fo/sf] xfnt 8/nfUbf] x'G5 . t/, sltko uf8Lsf] xFsfO sxfnLnfUbf] x'G5 . clgolGqt l:k8 klg b'3{6gfsf] sf/0f xf] . l:k8 lgodg s;}n] u/]sf] kfOFb}g .

nfdf] b'/Lsf uf8Ldf b'O{hgf rfns x'g'kg]{df o;sf] Jojxfl/s lgodg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . gt ;/sf/L lgofds lgsfon] u/]sf] 5, gt oftfoft ;+u7gx?n] g} . s'g ;8sdf slt l:k8df xfFSg'kg]{ xf] To;sf] dfkb08 nfu' ePsf] 5}g .

ofq' klg dltof/

To;f] t, ofq' klg ;jf/L b'3{6gfsf] dltoft x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . h;n] l:k8 s'bfof] ToxL uf8L l7s eGg] dfgl;stf ofq'df klg 5 . uf8L :6fkmn] cg'/f]w ubf{ub}{ klg 9f]sf, ‰ofn / 5tdf em'l08g], hxfFtxL+ /f]Sg nufpg] ofq'sf] rng 5 . To:t}, ;8ssf] 6«ofs vf]n]sf] Ps ;ftf klg gk'Ub} 7'nf uf8L bf}8fpg] ul/Psf] 5 .

;8ssf] Ifdtf / u'0f:t/sf] cfwf/df uf8Lsf] ef/jxg tf]Sg] / lgodg ug]{ rng klg 5}g . To;}n] ag]sf] Ps jif{ klg gk'Ub} sfnf]kq] ;8sdf u]|en p8\g'df oxL cTolws ef/jxgo'Qm ;jf/Lsf] bf]if xf] . d'ªlnª–sf7df08f+} v08, alb{af;–w'nLv]n v08sf] kLrdf b]lvPsf] cUnf xf]rf], vfN8fv'N8L oxL dgk/L ef/jxgn] ePsf] xf] . ah]6 ;Sg c;f/df cnsqf 5s{g] rng klg u'0f:t/xLg ;8ssf] csf]{ sf/0f xf] .

To;y{, ;8s ;jf/L b'3{6gfdf ;/sf/L rf;f], oftfoft ;+u7gx?sf] pQ/bfloTj a9L 5 g} . ofq'sf] :jljj]s / va/bf/L emg} dxTjk"0f{ 5 .

— cgnfO{g vj/jf6

pkGof; syf

/ft}e/L lemlnldln . ;fob /ft slxNn} gkbf]{ xf], nfUYof] p;n] k|s[ltsf] lgodnfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ rxfG5 / ;+;f/nfO{ Hof]lt lbg] ;'o{;Fu lgx'F vf]hL/x]sf] 5 . ;'o{sf] cl:tTj dfyLg} lemlnldlnn] cf}+nf p7fO{ /x]sf] 5 . rf/}lt/ 7'n7'nf vDafx? em}+ v8f ePsf dxnx? . lrNnf lrk'nf ;8sx? dfyL ;–;fgf b]lv 7'N7'nf uf8Lx?sf] KofKof k'k';Fu} xfjfsf] /km\tf/ x/// km///// Ro'Ss . rv]jf x'g\ jf rVof}oL 5'6\ofpg cK7]/f] nfUg] ;j{>]i7 r]tgzLnx?sf] hdft . cfkm\gf] ph8]sf]] u'8sf] eGbf lgtfGt km/s b]lvg] cgf}7f em'08\ofPsf nfh 5f]Kg] a:qsf 6'qmfx? nufPsf Ps x'n otf hfG5 csf]{ x'n ptf .

cfkm\gf] 8fnL phf8\ ag]kl5, ;r]t k|f0fLx?sf] aft ;'Gb} gofF 5fk|f] agfpg] vf]hLdf lx8]sf] cjf]w k|f0fL . z/L/df k'/fgf] g]kfnL kf]zfFs bf}/f ;'?jfn / O:6sf]6 . e'mqf] O:6sf]6df y/Ly/Lsf /+uLg 6'qmfx?sf] ldqtf . sf]lx ;fgf 6'qmf sf]lx 7'nf 6'qmfx?n] ag]sf] cfkm\g} slnnf xftx?n] ;hfO{Psf h:tf ;]tf] /+usf] df]6f] wfuf] 6f8}af6 k|i6} lrlgGYof] p;sf] O:6fsf]6df . uf]8fdf b'O{ /+usf] km/s  km/s rKkn le/]sf] k|f0fL . lz/sf] ;fg, 6f6fkf6f k/]sf] k'/fgf] kmfF6f] g]kfnL 6f]kL, sfFwdf ;fgf] k'/fgf] rf/7fFpdf l;nfPsf] emf]nfsf] ef/L af]sL ;8\ssf] 5]pdf 6f]nfP/ a;]sf] ;f]x| jifL{o o'js ;dfhn] p;nfO{ lbPsf] gfd æsfNr]Æ . 

p sfdsf] vf]hLdf klxnf] k6s zx/df kfO{nf 6]Sbf cfkm'nfO{ zx/Lof k|f0fLx? eGbf leGg} t'R5 k|f0fLsf] ?kdf b]V5 . g t slxn] p;n] zx/nfO{ b]v]sf] lyof], g t zx/sf] af/]df k'/fk'/} syf ;'g]sf] lyof], h;n] ubf{ p;nfO{ zx/df ;xhtf xf];\ . s]lx klg lyPg p;sf] cuf8L g s'g} of]hgf, g t uf]hLdf k};f . ljxfgsf] pbodfg ;'o{n] 5/]sf] gj hf];hfFu/ ;lxtsf] ls/0fx?;Fu} cfkm\gf] ;'gf}nf] eljiosf] ;kgf af]Sb} ufFpaf6 lgl:sPsf] sfNr] /fqLsflng ;dodf zx/df k'Ubf cfkm} cQfln/x]sf] lyof] . ufFpaf6 lg:sFbf g t, p;Fu, sf]lx ;fyL lyP, g t zx/df lrghfgsf sf]lx ;r]t k|f0fL g} . p;Fu ePsf] Psdfq czn ldq eGg' g} p;sf] ;kgf lyof], hf] ufFpaf6 jf]s]/ NofPsf] lyof] . g s;}n] rf]g{ ;SYof], g s;}n] tf]8\g ;SYof] p;sf] ;kgf .

cWofF/f] /ftjf6

df]km;n kqsfl/tf

kqsf/n] /fhgLlt ug{'x'b}g .

xl/ hf]zL -:6]zg Dofg]h/_

/]l8of] wgu9L, s}nfnL

tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/ro kfpF g <

— d]/f] gfd xl/ hf]zL xf] . :6]zg Dofg]h/ /]l8of] wgu9L ()=% d]ufxh{ If]qLo ;+of]hs–Dffgjclwsf/ kqsf/ ;+3 (HURJA) hGd M– 8f]6L lhNnf /fgfufpF uflj;–! hdnsl6of, xfn–wgu9L s}nfnL

tkfO{n] lsg kqsfl/tf k]zf /f]Hg' eof] <

— x/]s dfG5];uF cfkm\gf] nIo tyf ?lrx? km/s x'G5g . o;}df /x]/ s'/f ubf{ d}n] ;'b"/klZrddf klxnf] k6s kqsfl/tfsf] Academic lzIff z'? xF'bf kqsfl/tf laifo cWoog ul/of] / To;} a]nfaf6 kqsfl/tf z'? ul/of] . ca k]zfsf] ?kdf lsg /f]lhof] eGbf kqsfl/tfnfO{ Joj;flos agfpg ;lsof] eg] o;df /fd|f] ;Defjgf b]v] / u/L klg /x]sf] 5' cem eGbf h'g laifo cWoog u/] To;}nfO{ cfkm\gf] Profession agfOPsf] xf] .   

slt ;do eof] o; k]zfdf nfu]sf] <

— d}n] @)^# ;fndf kqsfl/tf z'? u/] klg Joj;flos ?kdf @)^$ ;fnaf6 wgu9Laf6 k|sfzg x'g] ;dfrf/ ;f/f+z b}lgsdf ;Djfbbftfsf] ?kdf z'? ul/of] Tof] nuQ} /]l8of]df klg cfjfh lbg z'? u/] . o;/L eGbf Ps bzs k'Ug nfUof] .  

s:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <

— dnfO{ ljsf; kqsfl/tfdf snd rnfpg dg k5{ ca df]km;ndf lj6 kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf; geO;s]sfn] ;a} ljifodf ;dfrf/ n]Vg'kg]{ afWotf 5 .

df]km;n kqsfl/tfdf t lgs} w]/} ;d:of 5g eGg] ul/G5 lg, s:tf] kfpg' eof] <

— xf], Pp6f lx;fan] ;d:of t y'k}| 5g\, df]km;ndf dfq} geO of] ;a} lt/ p:t} xf] h:tf] nfU5 . ca d]/f] ljrf/ r}+ cln km/s 5 . kqsfl/tf k]zfnfO{ g} ;d:ofsf ?kdf lng]x? klg 5g\ . kqsfl/tfnfO{ ;d:of eGbf klg Joj;flos ?kdf cuf8L a9fpg ;lsof] eg] cj;/ klg Tolt g} dfqfdf 5g\ df]km;nsf] kqsfl/tfdf .

df]km;n} ePklg s}nfnL t Jo:t Pj+ lasl;t ;x/ xf], oxfF t Tolt w]/} ;d:of 5}g xf]nf, x} <

— d}n] tkfO{sf] klxnf] k|Zgd} o;sf] hjfkm lbO;s] h:tf] nfU5 . ldlxg]t gug]{ tyf cfkm\g} k]zfnfO{ laZjf; ug{ g;Sg]sf nflu htf klg ;d:of g} 5g\ . ;Defjgf, cj;/ Pjd\ r'gf}tL ePsf] ;x/ xf] wgu9L .

s}nfnLdf sfo{/t ;~rf/sdL{n] yf]/} ;dodf cfly{s ?kdf w]/} pGglt u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5, tkfO{n] slt sdfpg' eof] <

— tkfO{sf] k|Zgn] wgu9Ldf kqsfl/tf ug{ rfxfg]x?nfO{ pTk|]/0ff hufpF5 xf]nf, o;sf] nflu wGoafb . d]/f] xsdf s'/f ubf{ k]zf k|lt ;Gt'i6 5'  / csf]{ s'/f Tof] ;f]Rg] d]/f] a]nf g} efsf] 5}g, ev{/ t d of] If]qnfO{ Joj;fo agfP/ o;df sl/c/ vf]Hb} 5' . 

s}nfnLdf To:tf] s] 5 ;~rf/sdL{x?sf nflu cfosf] ;|f]t, la1fkg / kfl/>lds dfq} xf] ls cGo s]xL klg 5 <

— kqsf/sf] s'/f ubf{ kfl/>lds g} d'Vo cfo>f]t xf] eg] ldl8ofsf nflu lj1fkg tyf k|fof]lht sfo{qmdx? g} d'Vo cfo>f]t x'g . ca of] eGbf aflx/sf] sdfO{nfO{ ;~rf/sdL{;uF ghf]8L lbP g} 7Ls x'G5 .

df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x? / df]km;nsf ;~rf/dfWodx?sf ;d:of p:t} x'g ls km/s 5g h:tf] nfU5 tkfFOnfO{ <

— ;lx k|Zg ug'{ eof], ;~rf/dfWod alnof] ePdf ;~rf/sdL{ alnof x'G5g eGg] nfU5 . dnfO{ o;df klg clwsf+z kqsf/x?n] g} ;~rf/dfWod rnfPsf 5g\ . To;sf/0f klg ;d:of Pp6} 5g h:tf] nfU5 .

df]km;n kqsfl/tfsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s:tf lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{ <

— gLlt sfo{qmd NofP/ dfq} kqsfl/tfsf] lasf; x'b}g, ePsf Joj:yfnfO{ dfq} klg k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;s]df klg s]xL /fxt dxz'; ug{ ;lsG5 .

df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] slQsf] e"ldsf v]n]sf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

— kqsf/ dxf;+3 kqsf/x?sf] k]zfut xslxtsf] nflu :yfkgf ePsf] ;+:yf xf] . s]xL xb;Dd kqsf/ dxf;+3n] u/]sf] ePklg h'g txaf6 sfd ug{'kg]{ xf], To;df clns r's]sf] h:tf] klg nfU5 slxn] sfFxL . o;sf klg y'k} cfkm\gf ;d:of 5g\ Totflt/ ghfpmF .

;~rf/sdL{x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?n] df]km;n kqsf/sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu s:tf] e"ldsf v]n]sf] kfpg'x'G5 <

— Kflxnf] s'/f t d kqsf/n] /fhgLlt ug{'x'b}g eGg] :jefjsf] dfG5] t/ of] s'/f clxn] tkfO{ dfkm{t ug'{sf] s'g} t's 5}g lsgsL cfhsf] lbgdf :jtGq kqsf/sf] ?kdf sfd u5'{ h;n] eG5 To;sf] lj:Yffkg x'G5 . Tof] ;a}sf dfem ljlbt} 5 . df]km;nsf kqsf/ eGbf klg cfkm" lgs6sf kqsf/sf]] ;'/Iffdf /fd}| e"ldsf v]n]sf] kfOG5 .

tkfOsf] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <

— kqsfl/tf eg]sf] klxrfg agfpg] dfWod xf] . lasf;sf] ;"rs xf] . ;du|df eGbf ;sf/fTds kl/j{tgsf] jxfs xf] .

clxn] g]kfnL kqsfl/tf If]qdf nfUg] u/]sf] csf]{ cf/f]k klg 5, ;~rf/sdL{x? df]ndf]nfO{ ug{ yfn]sf 5g, u}/sfg'gL lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg ePsf 5g, o:tf o:t} . s] eGg' x'G5, tkfO{ <

— of] oyfy{ klg xf] s]xL xb;Dd t/ o;sf] lg/fs/0fsf nflu kqsf/ leq z'4Ls/0f h?/L 5 olt g} egf}+ o;df .

tkfO{ t nfUg' ef 5}gg\ xf]nf lg o:tf s'/fdf Û

— xfxfxfxf . d;+u d]/f] gfddf clxn];Dd SUZUKI 150 df]6/;fOsn, GIONEE S7 df]afOn afx]s cGo s]xL klg 5}g . ca cfkm} cg'dfg nufpg'; . clg csf]{ s'/f d uj{sf ;fy eGb} 5' kqsfl/tfnfO{ k]zfsf] ?kdf ug{ kqsfl/tfdf :gftsf]Q/ ub}{ 5' . dnfO{ o;} If]qdf lbuf] ?kdf nfUg' 5 / kqsfl/tf If]qnfO{ p7fpg' 5 . 

df]km;n kqsfl/tf If]qdf ;'wf/sf nflu tkfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ s] ;'emfj lbg rfxfg'x'G5 <

— s]Gb| / If]qsf ldl8ofnfO{ ul/g] Jojxf/df kl/j{tg Nofpg tyf k|efasf/L lgodgsf nflu ;'emfj lbG5' .

cGTodf eGg] kg]{ s'g} s'/f 5'6] h:tf] nfu]sf] 5 ls <

— kqsfl/tfnfO{ ;d:ofsf] ?kdf eGbf klg o;nfO{ cj;/sf ?kdf k|of]u u/f}+ . wDsfP/ vfg] dfWod eGbf klg Joj;flos agfpg Psh'6 eP/ nfuf}+ . ckmjfx km}nfpg eGbf klg xfdL leqsf /fd|f s'/fnfO{ aflx/ NofpF . kqsfl/tfnfO{ cfsif{0f tyf k|lt:kwf{sf] k]zfsf] ?kdf cuf8L a9fpF, y'k|} cj;/ 5g . a; clnslt w}o{tf sfod u/f}+ . gofF aif{ @)&# sf] z'esfdgf .

;do / larf/sf nflu wGoafb .

— /fdx/L ;/nfO{ w]/} wGoafb, of] cj;/sf] nflu . of] klqsfsf] ;kmntfsf] sfdgf ub{5' .

nf]s;]jf tof/Lsf nflusf nflu pkof]uL

;Deflat laifout k|Zgx?

!=;u/dfyfnfO{ csf]{ s] gfdn] lrlgG5 <

— t];|f] w|'j

@=lai0f' u'Kt s;sf] af:tljs gfd xf] <

— rf0fSo

#= XjfO6 8n/ eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 <

— hnljB't jf kfgL lgof{tjf6 sdfPsf] lab]zL d'b|f

$= dflg;n] ;a}eGbf l56f] ug{ ;Sg] sfd s'g xf] <

— cfFvf lemDsfpg]

%=dflg; :j:y /xgsf nflu slt k|sf/sf le6fldg vfg'k5{ <

— !# k|sf/sf le6fldg

^=xfn >Ln+sfsf /fi6«klt sf] /x]sf 5g <

— d}qLkfn l;l/;]gf

&= sf7df08f}+df dlxnfd}qL a; ;]jf slxn] b]lv ;+rfng ePsf] 5 <

— la=;+=@)&! kf}if @)

*= laZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gn] slxn] ;]g]un / gfOh]l/ofnfO{ slxn] Oaf]nfd'Qm 3f]if0f u/]sf] lyof] <

— s|dzM !& / @) cS6'a/ @)!$

(=g]kfndf slxn] b]lv Sofl;gf] aGb ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] <

— @)&! a}zfv )& ut]

!)= ld; o'lge;{ @)!% sf] pkflw lhTg] o'jtL sf] x'g <

— kfplng d]3f

!!= g]kfndf k|yd lgjf{lrt ;+;bsf ;efd'v sf] lyP <

— s[i0f k|;fb e§/fO{

!@= cf]hg tx arfp lbj; slxn] dgfO{G5 <

— x/]s aif{ ;]K6]Da/ !! df

!#= xhf/f}+ tfnsf] b]z eg]/ s'g b]znfO{ lrlgG5 <

— lkmgNof08

!$= k|folåksf] klg k|folåk eg]/ s'g dxfb]znfO{ lrlgG5 <

— o'/f]k

!%= s'g} Ps ljwfsf] gf]an k'/:sf/ a9Ldf slthgf JolQmnfO{ k|bfg ul/G5 <

— # hgf

!^= Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)_ sf] k|wfg sfof{no sxfF /x]sf] 5 <

— rLgsf]  a]Olhª\u

!&= cGt/fli6«o ul/jL lgjf/0f lbj; slxn] dgfOG5 <

— 17 October

!*=;lhj / lglh{j larsf] bf];fFw klg eg]/ lrlgg] hLj s'g xf] <

— efO/;

!(= lj/f6gu/ h'6 ldN;nfO{ s'g k|lqmof cGtu{t lghLs/0f ul/Psf] lyof] <

— Joj:yfkg s/f/

@)= kfls:tfgsf] k];fj/l:yt ;]gfåf/f ;~rflnt ljBfnodf s§/kGyL d'l:nd ;d"x tflnjfgåf/f !$* hgf eGbf a9L sf] Hofg hfg] u/L ljeT; 36gf slxn] 36fO{of] <

— ;g\ @)!$ l8;]Da/ !^

@!= ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3n] cfpFbf] aif{ ljZjel/ /fi6«;+3sf] k|:tfj gDa/ !#@% -ljZjel/ åGåk|efljt d'n'sdf åGåkl5 zflGt k|lqmofsf qmddf dlxnfsf] cy{k"0f{ ;dfg'kflts ;xeflutfnfO{ hf]8 lbO{Psf]_ sfof{Gjog / cg'udg ug{ ul7t ;ldltdf g]kfnsf tkm{af6 s;nfO{ 5gf]6 u/]sf] 5 <

— aGbgf /f0ff

@@= æ;+u7g?kL zlQm cg'zfl;t eof] eg] 7"N7"nf sfd ug{ ;lsG5Æ eGg] ljrf/s sf] x'g <

— ljj]sfgGb

@#= :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnon] pTs[i6 :jf:Yo ;]jf k'/:sf/ @)&! s;nfO{ k|bfg u¥of] <

— 8f= tf/fk|;fb kf}8]n

@$= afUn'ª lhNnfsf] If]q g+ ! df pklgjf{rg slxn] ;DkGg eof] <

— lj=;+ @)&! r}q @*

— ;|f]t ;+sns M /fd lai6

;flxTo÷;[hgf

z'esfdgf

aifGt Ct'sf] kfn'jf ;/L v'zL knfcf]; ,

k'l0f{dfsf] h'g ;/L efUo pbfcf];,

lz/Lifsf] km'n ;l/ lhag /+uLof];,

cfvfdf ;hfPsf ;a} ;kgfx? ;sf/ xf]pg ,

Åbodf n'sfPsf clenfzf x? k'/f xf]pg ,

;q'x? 6f8f efu'g af6f]sf] sfF8f kfvf nfu'g ,

;fy ldln/xf]; a'emLlbg]sf] dg leqsf efagf ,

olxg} gjaif{ @)&# sf] xflb{s xfbL{s d+undo z'esfdgf

emns ldng l;x

l;nu9L, 8f]6L

z'esfdgf

kNna knfO/xf];\, wlt{ xl/of] agf];\

n]s a];LF kxf8e/Ldf u'/fF; km'Nb} /xf];\

zflGt 5fj;\ g]kfn e/Ldf, ;'v zflGt df}nfj;\

@)&# ;fn, g]kfnL ;asf] ;f}efUozfnL agf];\

dfof k|]d a9f];\ laZje/Ldf, lxdfn pRrf] /xf];\

3/3/df åLkx? an'g, sfnf] t'jfnf] x6f];\

lasf;sf] d'n km'6f];\, g]kfn ;'Gb/ agf];\

g]kfn kljq e"ld xf], b'af] em}F df}nfj;\

g]kfn :jl0f{d agf];\, hgwg df}nfO{/xf];\

b'MvL hg;asf], p4f/ x'Fb} /xf];\

kljq u+uf gbLx? ;a}, snsn u/L aUb} /xf];\

a'4sf] zflGt ;Gb]z ;a}, laZjdf ulh{b} /xf];\ ..

uf]laGb k|;fb >]i7

cWoIf, h]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;+3, 8f]6L

gfFRg kfP x'GYof]

km'nx?sf] em}F af;gf ;'Dg kfP x'GYof]

ed/f em}F ltd|f] sfvdf u'Dg kfP x'GYof] ///

du dufpg] km'nx?sf] /; r':g kfP x'GYof]

h'lgh'lg ltld;+u} a:g kfP x'GYof] ///

x/kn x/ If0f ltd|f] sfvdf xfF:g kfP x'GYof]

cHda/L dfof;+u} afFRg kfP x'GYof] ///

of] d]/f] cd'No dfof ltldnfO{ ;fFRg kfP x'GYof]

ltld;+u} ;of}+ h'lg gfFRg kfP x'GYof] ///

ldng dfofn' las

dNnf] sn]gf, 8f]6L

uhn

ltld;+u gh/ h'wfO{ x/fPsf] ofb cfof] .

ltldnfO{ b]vL d]/f] dgdf s'GgL s] s] v]Ng nfof]

d[u gogL cfFvf ltd|f af?n] of] sDd/ ltd|f]

d]/f] dgdf lbge/L x]l//x'F h:tf] nfUof] .

b'O{ lbgsf] of] hLjg ;+u} latfpF nfUof] .

ltd|f nflu d]/f] dgdf Pp6f 5'§} zx/ lyof]

gofF aif{ gofF gftf ;+u} hLpg] /x/ lyof] .

tk/fh cf]emf

sflnsf:yfg–*

;"rgf÷;Gb]z÷la1fkg

;Dk"0f{df xflb{s cg'/f]w

– 8f]6LnfO{ v'Nnf lb;fd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ug{ ;Dk"0f{ 8f]6Laf;L h'6f}+ .

– …8f]6Lsf] klxrfg, k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ xfd|f] cleofgÚ nfO{ ;kmn kf/f}+ .

– ;/;kmfO{nfO{ xfdLn] klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /fVg'kb{5

– 3/af6 lgisg] kmf]xf]/ d}nfsf] lglZrt vf8n agffP/ Joj:yfkg ug]{ u/f}+  .

– ljBfnodfkm{t ;/;kmfO{sf] hgr]tgf ;d'bfodf lj:tf/ ug{'k5{ .

– zf}rfnodf dfq} lbzflkzfj ug{'kb{5 / vfgf vfg' cl3 xft /fd|f];Fu w'g'k5{ eGg] Go"gtd\ 1fg lbg'kb{5

– ;/;kmfO{af6 ljleGg /f]ux?af6 aRg ;lsG5 .

– ;/;kmfO{df cu|;/ x'g] JolQmnfO{ k|f]T;fxgsf] Joj:yf x'g'kb{5 .

– ;/;kmfO{ cefjdf nfUg] /f]u tyf hf]lvdaf/] ;a}n] cfˆgf] :t/af6 hgr]tgf km}nfpg' kb{5 .

;'=k= If]qLo cg'udg tyf

;'kl/j]If0f sfof{no  /fhk'/, 8f]6L

xflb{s awfO{

cfTdLo ldq tyf o; klqsfsf ;x;Dkfbs >L s0f{jxfb'/ rGb oxL ldlt @)&# ;fn a}zfv ! ut] ;~rf/sdL{ >L sdnf s'Fj/;+u a}aflxs aGwgdf afFlwg' ePsf] ;'–cj;/df pxfFx?sf] ;'vb\ bfDkTo hLjgsf] xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf ;lxt xflb{s awfO{ .

laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxs kl/jf/

ædlxnf @) aif{ k'u]kl5 dfq klxnf] aRrf kfpg pko"Qm dflgG5Æ

h]=P;=s]=sf] cfly{s ;xof]udf s]o/ g]kfn / ;f];{ g]kfn 8f]6Lsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf ;~rflnt ;Ddfg kl/of]hgf4f/f hf/L ;Gb]z