बिम्ब नेपाली साप्ताहिक, मिति २०७३ साल साउन ११ गते मंगलवार

dfgjn] dfgjnfO{ zf]if0f ug]{, cGofo cTofrf/ ug]{ sfo{ lgGbgLo sfo{ xf] . gful/s clwsf/k|lt ;hu / ;r]t agf}+, agfcf}+ / ;a}df ;dfg Jojxf/ u/f}+ .

g]kfn ;/sf/

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

d'Vo ;dfrf/

Pdl;lkPddf aemfË cuf8L, c5fd k5f8L

8f]6Lsf] klg c;kmn, yk cg'bfgsf] *) k|ltzt dfq} kfpg]

:yfgLo lgsfosf] Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg dfkg -Pdl;lkPd_ df ;'b"/klZrdsf gf} lhNnfdWo] aemfË cu|:yfgdf /x]sf] 5 . c5fd ;j} eGbf k5f8L k/]sf] glthfn] b]vfPsf] 5 .

;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo lasf; dGqfnon] k|To]s jif{ ug]{ Pdl;lkPdsf] cfly{s jif{ @)&!÷)&@ sf] glthf cg';f/ aemfË lhNnf lasf; ;ldltn] ^( c+s k|fKt u/L …PÚ >]0fLdf kg{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . aemfËn] cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷)&$ df yk cg'bfgdf !% k|ltzt j9fP/ cg'bfg kfpg]5 . dGqfnon] to u/]sf] pTs[i7, P, la, l;, l8, O / Pkm au{ cg';f/ c5fd lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt …PkmÚ ju{df k/]sf] 5 . c5fdn] Go'gtd zt{ ;d]t k'/f u/]sf] 5}g . c5fddf yk cg'bfg gcfpg] glthfdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

8f]6L lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt Go'gtd zt{df ;kmn ePsf] ePklg sfo{;Dkfbg dfkgdf c;kmn ePsf] 5 . 8f]6Ln] sfo{;Dkfbgdf %% c+s dfq} k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . pQm glthf cg';f/ 8f]6Ldf cfpg] yk cg'bfgsf] @) k|ltzt s6f}tL eP/ cfpg] 5 . 8f]6L lhla; …OÚ ;d"xdf k/]sf] 5 . o;jf6 8f]6L lhla;sf] sfo{;Dkfbg k|efjsf/L gePsf] b]vfpF5 .

;'b"/klZrdsf cGo lhNnfx?df a}t8L, s~rgk'/ / 88]Nw'/f Go'gtd zt{ / sfo{;Dkfbg dfkg b'j}df pQL0f{ ePsf 5g . 88]Nw'/fn] ^% c+s k|fKt u/L …laÚ ;d"xdf k/]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfn] yk cg'bfgdf !) k|ltzt yk u/L cg'bfg kfpg]5 . o:t} s~rgk'/n] %( c+s k|fKt u/L …l;Ú ;d"xdf k/]sf] 5 . b'j}df pQL0f{ ePsf] ePklg c+sgsf lx;fjn] o; lhNnfsf] yk cg'bfgdf !) k|ltzt s6f}tL x'g]5 .

a}t8L lhNnfn] klg b'j}df ;kmn ePsf] 5 . o; lhNnfn] %^ c+s k|fKt u/L …l8Ú ;d"xsf] :yfg lnPsf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] yk cg'bfgdf !% k|ltzt s6f}tL x'g]5 .

s}nfnL, afh'/f / bfr'{nf klg …O{Ú ;d"xdf /x]sf 5g . lo lhNnfx?n] Go'gtd zt{ k'/f u/]sf] ePklg sfo{;Dkfbg dfkgdf eg] ;kmntf xft kfg{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . s}nfnLn] %( c+s k|fKt u/]sf] ePklg sfo{;Dkfbgdf /fd|f] gb]lvPkl5 c;kmn lhla;sf] ;"rLdf     k/]sf] 5 . o:t} afh'/fn] $& c+s / bfr'{nfn] klg $& c+s kfPsf] 5 .

dGqfnon] hf/L u/]sf] Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg dfkg ;DjlGw sfo{lalw cg';f/ aflif{s jh]6 tyf sfo{qmd :jLs[lt, aflif{s k|ult ;dLIff, aflif{s tyf rf}dfl;s k|ult k|ltj]bg, cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f / ufla;sf] clGtd n]vf k/LIf0fnfO{ Go"gtd zt{sf ;"rs jgfPsf] 5 . o:t} lhNnf lasf; sf]ifsf] vftf ;~rfng, ;"rgf clen]v tyf Joj:yfkg clGtd n]vfk/LIf / a]?hsf] clen]v, lhG;L Joj:yfkg / sd{rf/L Joj:yfkgsf] cj:yfnfO{ klg Go"gtd zt{ cGt/ut d'NofFsg ug]{ ul/G5 . Go"gtd zt{sf ;j} ;"rsx? kf; x'g' kg]{ x'G5 .

o:t} sfo{;Dkfbgdf of]hgf / jh]6 Joj:yfg, ;|f]t kl/rfng tyf laQLo Joj:yfkg, jh]6 lgsf;f, vr{ / sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog, cg'udg d'NofFsg, ;~rf/ / kf/blz{tf / ;+u7g Joj:yfkg / sfo{ lhDd]jf/L u/L kfFr ;d"xdf $^ j6f ;"rsx? /flvPsf 5g .

;DkfbsLo

a]n}df xf]; k'¥ofcf}+

g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfnsf] ;+lawfgsf] wf/f @(% sf] pkwf/f # adf]lhd u7g u/]sf] ufpFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf tyf laz]if ;+/lIft jf :jfoQ If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]un] 8f]6L lhNnfdf ^ j6f :yfgLo lgsfo x'g] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . xfdL /fHosf] k'g;{+/rgf ug]{ qmddf 5f}+ . lautsf :yfgLo lgsfox?, lautsf lgjf{rg If]qx? / lautsf lasf; If]qx?nfO{ k'g;+{/rgf ug]{ qmddf 5f}+ . lautdf s]lGb|s[t PsfTds /fHo lyof], To;sf/0fn] xfdLn] ;'zf;gsf] cg'e'lt ug{ kfPgf}+, ;/sf/sf] cg'e'lt ug{ kfPgf}+, nf]stGqsf] cg'e'lt ug{ kfPgf}+, xfd|f] lasf; b'|tultdf x'g ;s]g eg]/ xfdLn] 7'n} s'/f u/]sf 5f}+ . cj x'g] k'g;{+/rgfn] xfdLnfO{ lo ;j} s'/f lbg] klg xfdLn] 7f]s'jf u/]sf 5f}+ . o:t} xf]; eGg] sfdgf 5 .

lglZrt ?kdf s]lGb|s[t clwsf/ ePsf] PsfTds /fHodf Pp6} s]Gb|af6 ;j} ;]jfx? k|jfx ug]{ ePsf sf/0f of] ;d:of cfpg' :jefljs} xf] . o;sf nflu xfdLx?n] clxn] eg]h:tf] ;+3Lotfg} rflxg] eGg] t lyPg . PsfTds /fHo k|0ffnLdf klg clwsf/sf] las]Gb|Ls/0f u/]/ hfg ;Sg] cj:yf k|;:t lyof] t/ xfdLn] /fHo k'g;+{/rgf eg]sf] /fHosf] e'–efusf] ef}uf]lns lsQfsf6 ug'{ dfq} xf] eGg] a'em]sf 5f}+ / o;}sf cfwf/df ef}uf]lus lsQfsf6 ub}{5f}+ . slxn] 7f8f], slxn] t];f]{ slxn] bfFof slxn] jfFof xfdLn] lr/f kfg]{ k|of; ul//x]sf 5f}+ . lxhf];Dd ;+3Lotf cyf{t k|b]z s;/L ldnfpg] eGg] jf/]df ax;df lyof}+, Tof] ax;nfO{ xfdLn] yftL /fv]sf] 5f}+, To;sf] laafbdf xfdL uPsf 5}gf}+ t/ csf]{ gofF ax; xfdLn] ;'? ul/;s]sf 5f}+ .

of] gofF ax; cj xfdL :yfgLo lgsfosf] k'g;{+/rgf ug]{lt/ s]lGb|t ul//x]sf 5f}+ . clxn] ePsf :yfgLo lgsfox? w]/} eP    /], cj :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ;+Vof 36fpg' k¥of] /] . Psflt/ xfdL s]lGb|s[t /fHosf] la/f]w u/]/ ;+3fTdsdf hfg yfn]sf 5f}+ eg] csf]{lt/ xfdLn] las]lGb|t :yfgLo lgsfox?nfO{ km]/L s]lGb|s[t ub}{ uO{/x]sf 5f}+ . of] bf]xf]/f] s'/f eof] . :yfgLo lgsfox?n] clxn] k|jfx ul//x]sf] ;]jf ;'lawfx? cj s;/L k|jfx x'G5g t < xfdLn] eGg] u/]sf] j8f O{sfO{x?nfO{ xfdL Jojl:yt u5f}+{ jf   km]/L ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{noaf6 xfdLn] ;]jf k|jfx u5f}{+ . olb ufpFkflnsfaf6 ;]jf k|jfx ug]{ xf] eg] clwsf/ las]lGb|t s;/L eof], olb k|To]s j8fdf j8f sfof{no :yfkgf ul/g] xf] eg] clxn]sf] of] ;+/rgf x6fpg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] < lsg of] gf6s ug'{ kg]{ xf] <

v}/ of] 5'§} ax;sf] laifo aGnf t/ oxfF p7fg ug{ vf]lhPsf] laifo 8f]6Lsf :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] k'g;{+/rgfsf] xf] . 8f]6Ldf hDdf ^ j6f :yfgLo lgsfo x'g] /] Û clxn] 8f]6Ldf %) ufpF lasf; ;ldlt /x]sf 5g, Ps gu/kflnsf 5 . of] ;+/rgf 36fpFbf s;/L ^ jgfpg ;lsG5 . cfof]un] to u/]sf] hg;+Vof / e'uf]nsf] cg'kft lgsfNg] xf] eg] klg ^ :yfgLo lgsfo jgfpg ;lsg] s'g} cfwf/ b]lvb}g . 8f]6Lsf] hg;+Vof @)^* ;fnsf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ b'O{ nfv !! xhf/ ;ft ;o $^ 5 . o;af6 ;+:yfut hg;+Vof rf/ xhf/ ^ ;o &^ 36fpg] xf] eg] b'O{ nfv ;ft xhf/ &) /xG5 . o;nfO{ xfdLn] cfof]us} hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/nfO{ dfGg] xf] eg] klg cf7 :yfgLo lgsfox? jG5g . To;kl5 ef}uf]lns b'/L x]l/g' k5{ ls kb}{g, If]qkmnnfO{ Wofg lbg' k5{ ls kb}{g <

To;}n] of] :yfgLo lgsfosf] l;dfÍgsf] laifodf Jofks ?kdf ax; / 5nkmn rnfpg' h?/L 5 . s'g} b'O{ sd{rf/Ln] b'O{ bnsf g]tfx?;+u a;]/ to u/]sf] k'g;{+/rgfnfO{ cfwf/ jgfP/ 8f]6Lsf] k'g;+{/rgf x'g ;Sb}g . ;j}n] ;dos} o; laifodf Wofg lbg' h?/L 5 .

yk ;dfrf/

pgL kmls{g] cfzdf !$ jif{

æclxn] d hfG5', gf}s/L kfgL /fd|f];+u nfu]kl5 d lardf Psrf]6L cfpFnf / ltldx?nfO{ klg nu]/ hfpFnf . clg      5f]/f5f]/Lx?nfO{ pt} k9fpnf .Æ 

!$ jif{ cl3 /f]huf/Lsf] l;nl;nfdf ef/t hfg] qmddf lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf–& sf 6]sjxfb'/ bdfO{n] cfkm\gf] hLjg;+lugL sf}lznfnfO{ cfkm' l5§} kmls{g] jtfPsf lyP t/ pgL uPb]lv clxn];Dd klg kms]{sf 5}gg\ . æhfFbfv]/L cfdf / 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] Vofn ug'{, d vr{ kr{ k7fO{ xfN5', d]/f] lrGtf gug'{ eg]/ hfg' ePsf] lyof]Æ sf}lznf elG5g\ …!$ jif{;Dd g t vr{ k7fpg' eof] g s'g} vj/ 5 .Ú t/ pgn] >Ldfg\ cfpg] cfz eg] df/]sL 5}gg\, elG5g\ …s'g} lbg t cfpg' xf]nf eGg] cfzd} afFr]sL 5' .Ú

lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf–! df hlGdPsL sf}lznfsf] !% jif{sf] pd]/d} lax] ePsf] lyof] . pgn] cfkm\gf] >Ldfg\;+u tLg jif{dfq} a:g kfO{g . tLg jif{ssf] cjwLdf pgn] Ps 5f]/L / Ps 5f]/f hGdfO{g . 3/df a;]/ kl/jf/ kfNg uf¥xf] ePsf] eGb} 6]sjxfb'/ cfdfsf] ;d]t lhDd]jf/L sf}lznfnfO{ ;'Dkb} ef/tsf] lbNnL hfG5' eg]/ lxF8] t/ pgL lbNnL k'u] ls k'u]gg\ eGg] ;d]t sf}lznfn] vj/ kfO{gg\ .

sf}lznf clxn] ## jif{sL dfq eO{g . …@$ jif{sf] x'g'x'GYof] 3/af6 hfFbf, clxn] !$ jif{ eof]Ú sf}lznf elG5g\ …cj t pxfFsf] pd]/ #* jif{sf] eO{;Sof] t/ 3/ cfpg' ePsf] 5}g .Ú cfkm\gf] kl/jf/df >Ldfg\sf] vf]hLsf nflu lbNnL uO{lbg] sf]xL gePsf] sf}lznf jtfpFl5g . …5f]/f kfFr dlxgfsf] lyof] pxfF hfFbfÚ sf}lznf elG5g\ …cj t 5f]/fsf] pd]/ klg !% jif{ x'g nfUof] .Ú 5f]/f5f]/Ln] …afaf v}Ú eg]/ k|Zg ubf{ sf}lznf eSsflgG5g . …d cfkm'nfO{ yfx 5}g sxfF 5g eg]/, t} klg …b]zÚ -ef/t_ uPsf 5g eg]/ ;Demfpg] u5'{ .Ú sf}lznfn]  elgg\ .

cfdfsf] x]/rfxsf] lhDd]jf/L ;d]t sf}lznfnfO{ lbP/ uPsf 6]sjxfb'/ kfFr jif{ cuf8L cfdfsf] d[To' x'Fbf ;d]t ;Dks{df cfPgg\ . …pxfFnfO{ t yfx klg 5}g ;f;' cfdf laTg' eof] eGg]Ú uxe/L cfFz' jgfpb} sf}lznf elG5g\ …;f;'n] clGtd :jf;;Dd klg pxfFs} gfd lng' eof] .Ú ;f;'n] ;d]t 5f]8]/ uPkl5 clxn] pgL h]7f ;f;';;'/f;+u} a:t} cfPsL    5g .

h]7f ;f;';;'/fsf] klg lhDd]jf/L pgs} sfFwdf 5, Ps b[li6ljlxg b]j/, b'O{ 5f]/f5f]/L / cfkm' ^ hgfsf] kl/jf/ wfGg pgL /ftlbg dhb'/L ul5{g . hlt hlt 5f]/f5f]/Lx? a9\b} hfG5g pgnfO{ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] kfng kf]if0fsf] lrGtf ylkb} uO{/x]sf] 5 . cfh;Dd t csf{sf] d]nf]kft ub}{, 9'Ëf af]Sb}, lu§L s'6\b} hLjg laTof] cj s] x'G5 eGg] pgnfO{ yfx 5}g .

>Ldfg\sf] gful/stf ;d]t gePsf] b'Mv];f] kf]Vb} sf}lznfn] elgg\ …pxfFsf] gflu–/stf gePsf sf/0f dnfO{ cfkm\gf] gful/stf jgfpg ;fx|} ;d:of k¥of]Ú pgn] elgg\ …kl5 ;d'bfosf AolQmx?sf] kxndf gful/stf jgfPF .Ú ;d'bfosf s]xL JolQmx?n] pgnfO{ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQfsf nflu lgj]bg lbg ;'emfj lbP t/ pgn] dflgg\ . pgL elG5g\ …a? d Hofnf dhb'/L u/]/ vfg tof/ 5', d]/f] >Ldfg\sf] vf]hL ul/lbg' k¥of] .Ú

pgn] ?b} elgg\ …d d]/f] >Ldfg cfpg'x'G5 eGg] cfzfdf lbg latfO{ /xsL 5' .Ú lg8\; g]kfn gfds u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfn] ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g ;DjlGw sfd ul//x]sf] s'/f pgn] hfgsf/L kfPkl5 clxn] pQm ;+:yfsf] lbkfondf /x]sf] sfof{nodf cfP/ >Ldfg\ vf]lhlbg cfu|x ub}l5g .

cd[tn] jrfP b]jLnfO{

;'Ts]/L x'g] qmddf pQm /Qm>fj eO{ hf]lvddf k/]sL b]jL lai6nfO{ cd[tn] jtfPsf 5g .

8f]6L lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf–!$ kfs/L lgjf;L #) alif{of lai6 ;'Ts]/L j]yf nfu]kl5 8f]6L c:ktfn k'u]ls lyO{g . ;'Ts]/L x'Fbf pQm /Qm>fj ePkl5 pgnfO{ /utsf] vfFrf] k¥of] . /ut lbgsf nflu tof/ eP g]kfnL ;]jfsf l;kfxL cd[t ;bfz+s/ las .

;'b'/ klZrd k[tgf cGt/ut 8f]6L lhNnf l;nu9Ldf /x]sf] lqk'/f bn u'Ndsf lasn] cfO{tjf/ lt dlxnfnfO{ /Qmbfg u/]sf x'g . lhNnf c:ktfn 8f]6Laf6 O+ve /Qm ;d"xsf] /ut cfjZos ePsf] u'NdnfO{ hfgsf/L ePkl5 ;f]xL /Qm ;d"x ePsf l;kfxL lasn] cfkm' /Qmbfg ug{ O{R5's ePsf] jtfP . pgn] eg] …d}n] /ut lbFbf s;}sf] Hofg aR5 eg] d]/f nflu Tof] eGbf 7'nf] k'0o s] x'g ;S5 / <Ú

;}lgsx? c:ktfndf cfpg] la/fdLx?nfO{ cfjZos k/]sf] j]nf lgoldt ?kdf /ut lbFb} cfPsf 5g .

Joj:yfkg x'g ;s]g c~rn c:ktfn

n nfn dx/f÷s}nfnL

     ;fpg !)

/]km/n c:ktfnsf ?kdf /x]sf] ;]tL c~rn c:ktfn Jojl:yt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

d]l8sn ;'kl/6]08]G6 8fS6/ ;'o{axfb'/ u'?ª\sf] lkmtnf] Joj:yfkgsf sf/0f c:ktfn Jojl:yt x'g g;s]sf] sd{rf/Lx?n] u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g . 8f= u'?ªn] dftxtsf 8fS6/ tyf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] lgb]{zgdf sfd ug{ nufpg g;Sg' / lgoldt 8\o'6Ldf s8fO{ ug{ g;s]sf sf/0f c:ktfn c:tJo:t aGb} uPsf] sd{rf/Lx?n] egfO{ 5 . c:ktfnsf clwsf+z 8fS6/x? c:ktfn 5f]8]/ gLlh lSnlgsdf sfd ug]{ u5{g .

udL{ofddf c~rn c:ktfndf lj/fdLsf] ;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] ePklg lrlsTs;x?sf] nfk/jfxLn] ;dod} u'0f:t/Lo pkrf/ kfO{/x]sf 5}gg\ . c:ktfnaf6 ;/sf/L tna vfP/ a;]sf lrlsT;sx? lbge/L lghL lSnlgsdf Jo:t x'Fbf klg c:ktfn Joj:yfkg ;ldlt / d]l8sn ;'kl/6]g8]G6 8f= u'?ªn] s8fO{ ug{ g;s]sf] :yfgLox?sf] u'gf;f] 5 .

@$ 306fdf ^ 306f 8\o'6L ;do x'g] lrlsT;sx? clwsf+z ;do cfkm\gf] lghL lSnlgsdf ljtfpg] u/]sf] c:ktfnd} sfo{/t Ps sd{rf/Ln] atfP . gfd pNn]v gug]{ zt{df pgn] eg] …8f= u'?ªsf] lkmtnf] Joj:yfkgsf] kmfObf p7fpFb} c:ktfnsf lrlsT;sx? cfkm\gf] lSnlgsdf Jo:t x'g] u/]sf] 5g .Ú o;n] ubf{ udL{ofddf c:ktfndf a9\b} uPsf] lj/fdLsf] rfknfO{ y]Ug} cK7]/f] x'g] u/]sf] lt sd{rf/Lsf] egfO{ 5 . c:ktfnd} sfo{/t s]xL lrlsT;sx?n] c~rn c:ktfndf pkrf/sf nflu cfpg] lj/fdLx?nfO{ ;d]t cfkm\gf] lSnlgsdf n}hfg] u/]sf ;fdfrf/ klg aflx/ cfpg] u/]sf 5g .

o; ljifodf c:ktfn k|zf;gn] vf;} rfF;f] lbg g;s]sf] lj/fdLsf cfkmGtx?sf] u'gf;f] 5 . c:ktfndf lrlsT;sx? ge]l6g] u/]kl5 lj/fdLx? klg lSnlgsdf hfg afWo 5g\ .

d]l8sn ;'kl/6]08]G6 8f= u'?ª cfkm' :jf:YosdL{sf] b/aGbLs} nflu sf7df08f}+df ePsfn] cfkm'nfO{ clxn] ToxfFsf] cj:yfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L gePsf] jtfP . pgn] c:ktfn k|zf;gnfO{ a'em\g eg] .

b'u{ddf klxnf] k6s :jf:Yo s]Gb|

al8dflnsf gu/kflnsf–@ kf6f afh'/fdf klxnf] k6s :jf:Yo s]Gb| ;~rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . lhNnfsf] b'u{d ufpFdf klxnf] k6s ;x/L :jf:Yo s]Gb| ;~rfngdf cfpbf :yfgLox? lgs} xlif{t ePsf 5g .

cfOtaf/ pb\3f6g ePsf] ;x/L :jf:Yo s]Gb| cfkm\gf] ufFpdf o;/L cfpnf eg]/ g;f]r]sf] :yfgLon] jtfP . :jf:Yo s]Gb| :yfkgf ePkl5 :yfgLon] v'zLofnL dgfPsf 5g . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, al8dflnsf gu/kflnsf nufot ;/f]sf–/jfnf lgsfox?sf] cfly{s ;xof]udf ;~rfngdf cfPsf] xf] .

Ps ufpF÷Onfsf Ps :jf:Yo s]Gb| eGg] gf/fn] hgr]tgf km}nfpb} of] ufpFdf klg :jf:Yo s]Gb| cfPsf] ;x/L :jf:Yo s]Gb| ;~rfng ;ldltsf cWoIf dbg bfgLn] atfP .

:yfgLo &) aifL{of a[4 wd{/fh kl08tn] eg] …xfdL cfkm" la/fdL ePklg jf gft]bf/ l5d]sLx? la/fdL ePklg ;a}nfO{ ef/t lt/ lng] ub{Yof}+ . clxn] t ufpFd} :jf:Yo s]Gb| cfPkl5 xfdL ;a} lgw{Sssf ;fy pkrf/ ug{ kfpg]] eof}+ .Ú kl08tn] eg] …xfdLnfO{ ;fgf] ltgf] la/fd eof] eg] t jf:t} x'Gg, /f]un] Rofk]/ hl6n cj:yfdf k'u]kl5 lk7\o' tyf 8f]sf]df af]s]/ c:ktfnlt/ nUg] ub{5f}+ . PDa'n]G;sf] klg ;'lawf 5}g .Ú

:jf:Yo s]Gb| pb\3f6g ubf{ ufpF g} xlif{t ag]sf] lyof] . :yfgLo /df /fjtn] elgg\ …o; ufpFsf afl;Gbfx?nfO{ l;6fdf]n lsGgsf] nflu klg $÷% 306f k}bn lx8]/ hfg' kb{Yof], glhs st} :jf:Yo s]Gb|x? lyPgg\, ls t hfg'kYof]{ h8Ëf, ls t cf]nLufpF ls t lhNnf ;b/d'sfd dft{8L . of] ;a} 7fpF k'Ug $÷% 306f eGbf a9L nfUb5 . ca t cfzf 5, ufpFdf la/fdL eP/ dg]{x?sf] ;+Vof 36\g] 5 .Ú

ufpFd} :jf:Yo s]Gb| ePkl5 xlif{t ag]sf 5g kf6faf;Lx? . :jf:Yo s]Gb|sf] gfd klg :yfgLox?s} ;xdltdf …;x/L :jf:Yo s]Gb|Ú /flvPsf] 5 . pQm :jf:Yo s]Gb|df b'O{ hgfsf] s/f/ b/aGbL 5 . h;df cx]a s0f{ u'ofn / cgdL tf/f g]kfnLnfO{ :jf:Yo sfof{noaf6 g} l;kml/; u/]/ k7fPsf 5g .

:yfgLo o1/fh kl08tn] eg], …kfFrj6f ufpFx? ;'bf8f, kf6f, d}tf]nf, gfOgf, cfl6rf}/df Pp6f klg :jf:Yo s]Gb tyf lghL d]l8snx? 5}gg\, o;n] ubf{ la/fdLnfO{ lgs} dsf{ k/]sf] lyof] . ha xfdLn] ;a} lgsfox?;+u kxn u¥of}+ ta ufpFd} :jf:Yo s]Gb| Nofpg ;kmn eof}+ .Ú

ufpFdf sf]xL la/fdL ePklg 6f9f n}hfg' kYof{], sltkon] t c:ktfn gk'Ub} Hofg u'dfpg' kb{Yof] . ca aNn ;dfwfg x'g] cfzf af]s]sf] :yfgLo 6Lsf/fd kl08tn] atfP .

cg'xf/ ;kmf lk7\o'df kmf]xf]/

n e'dL/fh hf]zL÷lbkfon

     ;fpg !)

ut a}zfv #) ut] lbkfonsf] lkkNnf ahf/df …:jR5 / x/fe/f ;x/, lbkfonaf;Lsf] /x/Ú eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy ;/;kmfO ul/Psf] lyof] . ;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmddf g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3, xf]6n Aoj;foL ;+3, gful/s ;dfh, kqsf/ nfufot sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmddf cj kmf]xf]/ ug]{nfO{ sfaf{xL ug]{ eGg] gf/fx? nufOPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf pkl:yt ;a} cu'jf tyf ;a{;fwf/0fx?n] klg kmf]xf]/ gug]{df cfkm"x? k|lta4tf hgfPsf lyP .

t/, …cg'xf/ ;kmf / lk7\o' kmf]xf]/Ú eg] h:t} ahf/sf k5f8Llt/ eg] kmf]xf]/ h:tfsf] To:t} 5 . :yfgLox?n] gu/kflnsfnfO{ w]/} bafj lbbf ahf/sf] cfFug ;kmf ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo Aofkf/L tyf pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf ;b:o u0f]z axfb'/ ;fpFbn] eg] …gu/kflnsfn] jf:tf gubf{ lkkNnf ahf/sf] ;fO8 ;fO8df kmf]xf]/sf 8Ë'/x? hDdf ePsf x'g .Ú :yfgLo Aofkf/Lx?, a'4LlhaL,  gful/s ;dfh, Onfsf k|x/L nufot ;j{;fwf/0fx?n] cfjfh p7fpbf aLr ahf/d} kmf]xf]/sf 8Ë'/x? x6]sf 5g .

;w} h;f] b'3{lGwt lkkNnf ahf/ s]xL ;do otf 8f]6L pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3, xf]6n Aoj;foL ;+3, kqsf/ dxf;+3, gful/s ;dfh, :yfgLo Jofkf/L, O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{no nufotn] cfkm}+n] cleofg rnfP/ ;/;kmfO{ k6s k6s ub}{ cfO/x]sf lyP . xf]6n Aofj;foL ;+3sf cWoIf bLks axfb'/ v8\sfn] eg] …lkkNnf ahf/df :yfgLox? ;w} ;/;kmfO{ ub}{ cfPsf] x'gfn] kl5Nnf] ;dodf lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsfn] klg lkkNnf ahf/sf] ;/;kmfO{df rfF;f] b]vfPsf] 5 .

lkkNnf ahf/df lbg/ft kmf]xf]/sf] sf/0fn] cK7]/f] dx;'; eO/xg] x'Fbf kmf]xf]/ Aoj:yfkg ug{ :yfgLo Aofkf/L s]aL ;fFpbn] cfkm\g} vr{df cfwf ahf/ k'Ug] u/]/ 8:6lag lat/0f u/] . To;kl5 aNn gu/kflnsfsf] klg cfFvf v'Nof] / gu/kflnsfn] klg kmf]x/ kmfNg] 8:6lag lkkNnf ahf/df lat/0f u¥of] .

ahf/df ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno gePsf sf/0f ofq'nfO{ kg{ uPsf] c;'lawfnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3n] O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{no / ;8ssf] hldgdf zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 .

jhf/sf] cuf8L efu ;kmf ePklg k5fl8 lt/, gfnLx?df kmf]xf]/ h:tfsf To:t} 5 . otflt/ eg] s;}sf] Wofg uPsf] b]lvb}g .

kqsf/ cf]emf ;Ddflgt

kqsfl/tfsf dfWodaf6 snf ;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ u/]sf] eGb}  kqsf/ pQd cf]emf ;Ddflgt ePsf 5g .

/fli6«o nf]s tyf bf]xf]/L uLt k|lti7fg ;]tL c~rn sld6Ln] cf]emfnfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] xf] . k|lti7fgsf] t];|f] c~rn clwj]zg pb\3f6g tyf ;|i7f ;Ddfg sfo{qmddf g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf k|f1 ;b:o af;'b]j kf08]on] cf]emfnfO{ bf];Nnf cf]9fP/ ;Ddfg u/]sf lyP .  k|lti7fgsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ;]tL–dxfsfnL ;+of]hs ;'/t /fjt …8f]6]nL sfG5fÚn] kqsf/ cf]emfnfO{ clegGbg kq k|bfg u/]sf lyP . cf]emf xfn gful/s b}lgssf] g]kfnu~h sfof{nodf sfo{/t 5g .

;f]xL sfo{qmddf ;'Gb/ ;'b"/klZrd cleofgsf cleoGtf uf]kfn xdfn, d"lt{sf/ wgaxfb'/ dNn, cg';Gwfgstf{ hx/l;+x yfkf / ;dfh;]jL bfgaxfb'/ /fjnnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/of] .

;b"/df ^$ :yfgLo lgsfo jGg]

8f]6L lhNnfdf ^ dfq}

g]kfn ;/sf/n] u7g  u/]sf] :yfgLo lgsfosf] l;df lgwf{/0f ;'emfj cfof]un] ;'b"/–klZrddf ^$ :yfgLo lgsfo x'g] to u/]sf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+lawfgsf] wf/f @(% -3_ cg';f/ ;/sf/n] ut r}q ! ut] u7g u/]sf] ufpFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf tyf laz]if, ;+/lIft jf :jfoQ If]qsf] ;+Vof tyf l;dfgf lgwf{/0f cfof]un] 8f]6Ldf :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;+Vof ^ dfq} x'g] lgZsif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 . cfof]un] b]ze/Ldf clwstd\ kfFr ;o ^% :yfgLo lgsfo x'g] u/L l;df lgwf{/0f ug]{ ePsf] 5 .

gofF l;dfÍg cg';f/ ;'b"/klZrddf ;j}eGbf a9L :yfgLo lgsfo s}nfnLdf /xg] 5g . s}nfnLdf !) :yfgLo lgsfo x'g] cfof]usf] k|f/lDes k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v 5 . o:t} s~rgk'/ / aemfËdf cf7, afh'/f, bfr'{nf, a}t8L, / c5fddf ;ft :yfgLo lgsfo x'g] cfof]usf] 7x/ 5 . 8f]6Ldf ^ / 88]Nw'/fdf rf/ :yfgLo lgsfo x'g]5g .

cfof]un] pNn]lvt ;+Vofdf lhNnfsf :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] l;dfgf lgwf{/0f ug{sf nflu ;DjlGwt lhNnf lasf; ;ldltnfO{ kqfrf/ ;d]t u/]sf] ;|f]tn] jtfPsf] 5 . ;|f]t eG5, :yfgLo lgsfox? klg u'ku'kd} sd{rf/Lx? dfq} a;]/ :yfgLo lgsfosf] l;df lgwf{/0f u/L k7fpg] of]hgfdf 5g .

cfof]un] ef}uf]lns If]q cg';f/sf] hg;+Vof laj/0f, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] ;+/rgf, If]qkmn, laBdfg :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ;+Vofsf] cg'kft / lhNnfsf] k|s[ltnfO{ :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;+Vof lgwf{/0f ug]{ cfwf/ jgfPsf] 5 . h; cg';f/ lxdfnL e'–efu ePsf lxdfnL lhNnfdf ufpFkflnsfsf nflu !% xhf/ / gu/kflnsfsf nflu @) xhf/ hg;+Vof x'g' kg]{ to ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} lxdfnL lhNnfsf kxf8L e'–efudf ufpFkflnsfsf nflu @% xhf/ / gu/kflnsfsf nflu #% xhf/ hg;+Vof    lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

kxf8L lhNnfx?df ufpFkflnsfsf nflu @% xhf/ / gu/kflnsfsf nflu #% xhf/, leqL dw]zsf lhNnfdf kxf8L e'–efusf nflu ufpFkflnsf @% xhf/ / gu/–kflnsf #% xhf/, leqL dw]z ;dy/ e'–efusf nflu ufpFkflnsf %) xhf/ / gu/–kflnsf &% xhf/ / t/fO{sf lhNnfx?sf nflu ufpFkflnsf %) xhf/ / gu/kflnsf &% xhf/ hg;+Vof tf]lsfPsf] 5 . o:t} pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf nflu Psnfv %) xhf/ / dxfgu/–kflnsfsf] nflu tLg nfv hg;+Vof lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

cfof]usf] dfkb08 cg';f/ kxf8L lhNnfdf lhNnf ;b/d'sfd /x]sf] gu/kflnsfsf nflu $% xhf/ / pkTosf tyf t/fO{ / lelq dw]zsf lhNnf ;b/d'sfd /x]sf lhgu/kflnsfx?df (% xhf/ hg;+Vof /xg] 5g .

8f]6L lhNnfdf xfn;Dd Ps gu/kflnsf / %) ufpF lasf; ;ldlt /x]sf 5g . s'n b'O{ nfv !! xhf/ ;ft ;o $^ hg;+Vof /x]sf] 5 . o;df ;+:yfut hg;+Vof rf/ xhf/ ^ ;o &^ /x]sf] 5 . of] hg;+Vofsf lx;fjn] 8f]6Ldf k|lt :yfgLo lgsfo #$ xhf/, kfFr ;o !! hg;+Vof kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .

cfof]usf k|jQmf 8f= xl/ kf}8]nåf/f hf/L k|]; la1KtLdf  ;'b"/klZrdsf] bfr'{nf lhNnfsf] l;df lgwf{/0f ubf{ lhNnfsf] e'uf]nnfO{ #) k|ltzt kxf8L / &) k|ltzt lxdfnL If]q dfgL sfod ul/Psf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . afh'/fdf ;lDdng x'g] ;fljssf ufla;x?sf] ;+Vof tLg g36\g] u/L sfod ul/Psf] pQm la1KtLdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

cfof]un] to u/]sf] dfkb08 cg';f/ lxdfnL lhNnfx?df sDtLdf tLg, kxf8L lhNnfx?df sDtLdf rf/ / tof/Lsf lhNnfx?df sDtLdf kfFr :yfgLO lgsfo x'g] u/L to ul/Psf] 5 .

gofF l;dfÍg cg';f/ lxdfnL If]qsf ufpFkflnsfdf % b]lv ( j8fx? / gu/kflnsfdf j8f /xg]5g . o:t} kxf8L lhNnfsf ufpFkflnsfx?df % b]lv !@ / gkfx?df ( b]lv !$, t/fO{sf lhNnfsf ufpFkflnsfx?df % b]lv !% / gkfdf ( b]lv !* j8fx? /xg] u/L dfkb08 jgfO{Psf] pQm la1KtLdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . pkdxfgu/kflnsfx?df !( b]lv @& / dxfgu/kflnsfx?df @* b]lv #% j8fx? /xg]5g .

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

ckfË ;+3df gofF g]t[Tj

zlgjf/ ;DkGg ckfË ;]jf ;+3 8f]6Lsf] rf}yf] clwj]zgn] gofF g]t[Tj rog  u/]sf] 5 .

gofF g]t[Tjdf cWoIf /f];g af]u6L, pkfWoIf uf]/Lnfn kfsL{, ;lrj k|sfz anfo/, sf]iffWoIf zf/bf lai6 / ;x;lrj gj/fh hf]zL /x]sf 5g .

o:t} ;b:ox?df dxfb]j ef/tL, 6]s af]u6L, h'g' /fodfemL, zf]ef >]i7, >j0fs'df/ lu/L / /fh' jnfo/ /x]sf] gofF lgjf{lrt cWoIf       /f];g jf]u6Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g .

O{hfhtlag} dlb/f laqmL

8f]6Lsf clwsf+z ufpF lasf; ;ldltx?df Jofkf/Ln] Ohfht kq glnO{ dlb/f lalqm ljt/0f ug]{ u/]sf] kfO{Psf] 5 .

lhNnfsf %) ufla;x? dWo] @% uflj;df dfq} Jofkf/Lx?n] dlb/f sf/f]jf/sf] O{hfht lnPsf] sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGq0f sfof{no 8f]6Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . Ohfht kq gePsf ufla;x?df klg dlb/f lalqm ljt/0f ug{ x'g] u/]sf] kfO{Psf] 5 . cg'udg ;+oGqsf] lkmtnf] cg'udgsf sf/0f O{hfhtlag} sf/f]jf/ ug]{sf] ;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] 5 . sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGq0f sfof{no 8f]6Ln] clxn];Dd &! j6f dlb/f Ohfhtkq ljt/0f u/]sf] tLg ;o @$ cf]6f Ohfht kq gjLs/0f ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 .

v]n ;dfrf/

Pdfn]åf/f gf} v]nf8L ;Ddflgt

g]skf Pdfn] 8f]6Ln] #* cf}+ k'iknfn :d[lt lbj;sf] cj;/df laleGg lawfsf gf} v]nf8LnfO{ ;Ddflgt u/]sf] 5 .

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf ;+:yfks dxf;lrj :juL{o k'iknfn >]i7sf] :d[ltdf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr v]nf8Lx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] xf] .

;Ddflgt x'g] v]nf8Lx?df sj8Ltkm{ cf7f}+ /fi6«klt /lgË l;N8sf] If]qLo:t/sf] v]ndf pTs[i6 v]n k|bz{g ug]{ lasf; s];L, elnantkm{ v]n k|lzIfs clgn s'df/ hf]zL, /fi6«klt /lgË l;N8sf] If]qLo k|ltof]lutf cGt–/ut lqms]6 v]ndf pTs[i7 v]n k|bz{g ug]{ cjL dnf;L / /fli6«o t]sf]0bf] ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj tyf 8f]6L lhNnf t]sf]0bf] ;+3sf ;xfos k|lzIfs xs{jxfb'/ jf]u6L /x]sf 5g . o:t} cf7f}+ /fi6«klt /lgË l;N8sf] If]qLo k|ltof]lutfdf pTs[i7 k|bz{g ug]{ km'6an v]nf8L dw's/ s];L, t]sf]0bf]df pTs[i7 v]nf8L g/]z dnf;L, t]sf]0bf] 8f]hfË If]qLo:t/sf] v]ndf pTs[i7 k|bz{g ug]{ v]nf8L Zofd g]kfnL, s/ft]sf] cGt/fli6«o:t/sf] v]ndf :j0f{ kbs lah]tf k|sfz lai6 / km'6an v]nf8L lbg]z s];L /x]sf 5g .

;Ddflgt x'g] v]nf8Lx?nfO{ Pdfn] 8f]6L cWoIf rqmjxfb'/ dNn, k"j{ ;ef;b\ xs{jxfb'/ l;+x / Pdfn] 8f]6Lsf k"j{ cWoIf gf/b dnf;Ln] clj/, km'ndfnf / bf];Nnf cf]8fP/ ;Ddfg u/]sf lyP . ;Ddflgt x'g] v]nf8Lx?nfO{ awfO{ lbFb} k"j{ ;ef;b\ l;+xn] cfufdL lbgx?df yk k|ultsf] sfdgf ;d]t JoQm u/] . pgn] eg] …v]nf8Lx?n] lasfz, cg'zf;g / ultlzntfsf] l;4fGtnfO{ ;jf]{k/L 7fg]/ cuf8L a9\g' k5{ .Ú

k"j{ cWoIf dnf;Ln] Pdfn]n] /fd|f JolQmx?sf] ;Ddfg ug{df s~h':of{O{ gug]{ jtfpFb} eg] …xfdL xfd|f dfG5]nfO{ xf]O{g /fd|f dfG5]nfO{ ;Ddfg u5f}{+ .Ú pTs[i7 v]nf8Lx?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/]em}+ cGo If]qsf JolQmTjx?nfO{ klg ;Ddfg ub}{ hfg] dnf;Ln] jtfP .

Pdfn] lhNnf cWoIf rqm dNnn] v]nf8Lx?df xf}ifnf a9f]; eGgsf nflu cfkm'x?n] ;Ddfg u/]sf] jtfP . pgn] eg] …v]nf8Lx?sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu ;/sf/n] klg laz]if gLlt Nofpg' k5{, xfd|f] kf6L{n] v]nf8Lx?sf] ;Ddfgsf nflu s'g} sdL ug]{ 5}g .Ú

#* cf}+ :d[lt lbj;sf] cj;/df Pdfn] 8f]6Ln] 8f]6L c:ktfndf /x]sf #% hgf la/fdLx?nfO{ kmnkm'n lat/0f u/]sf] 5 . o:t} 8f]6L c:ktfn / lhNnf ;b/d'sfd l;nu9Ldf /x]sf] kb\d klJns d'QmLgf/fo0f pRr dflasf] xftfleq laIff/f]k0f u/]sf] Pdfn] 8f]6Lsf cWoIf dNnn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g .   

laafb a'em\g cfO{l;l; 6f]nL g]kfndf

kl5Nnf] ;dodf g]kfnL lqms]6df ePsf] ljjfbaf/] cg'udg ug{ cGt/–fli6«o lqmqm]6 kl/ifb\ -cfOl;;L_ sf] Ps 6f]nL ;f]daf/ g]kfn cfOk'u]sf] 5 .

cfOl;;Lsf] tLg ;b:oLo 6f]nLdf cfOl;;L sfg'g zfvf k|d'v kfpn DofSdfxf]g, cfOl;;L Pl;of ljsf; Joj:yfks aGb'nf afgf{k'/f / n]vf zfvfsf cd/ z]v 5g\ .

cfOl;;Lsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t 8]la8 l/r8{;g / P;f]l;P6 k|ltlglw Od/fg Vjfhf ;d]t laxLaf/ g]kfn cfpg] atfOPsf] 5 .

g]kfnL lqms]6sf] ljjfbn] r/d ?k lnPkl5 ut j}zfv !# ut] cfOl;;Ln] g]kfn lqms]6 ;‹ -Sofg_nfO{ lgnDag ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . To:t} cl3Nnf] dlxgf dfq :s6NofG8sf] Ol8gau{df a;]sf] cfOl;;Lsf] jflif{s a}7sn] lgnDag ;b/ u/]sf] lyof] .

Sofg / /fv]kn] agfPsf] Sofgsf] tby{ ;ldltsf] ljjfb b'j} cbfntdf k'u]sf] cj:yf 5 .

rnlrq÷dgf]/~hg

lu/L / /fh]zsf] gh/df cf]nL

…d]/f] ;fdfGo 1fg sdhf]/ 5, O{ltxf;sf $ j6f k|wfgdGqLsf] gfd klg ofb 5}g t/ of] kl5Nnf] gfd ;w}+ ofb  /xg]5 .Ú rlr{t xf:o snfsf/ lbks/fh lu/Ln] ;fdflhs ;~hfn km];j'sdf l6Kk0fL u/]sf 5g .

cfOtaf/ k|wfgdGqL s] kL zdf{ cf]nLn] cfkm\gf] kbjf6 /flhgfdf lbPkl5 xf:o snfsf/ lu/L / g]kfnL rnlrq If]qdf dxfgfos eg]/ lrlgg] /fh]z xdfnn] cf]nL /fd|f k|wfgdGqL ePsf] l6Kk0fL u/]sf 5g . ;fdflhs ;~hfn km];j's dfkm{t pgLx?n] o:tf] k|ltlqmof ;fj{hlgs u/]sf x'g .

xf:o snfsf/ lu/Ln] eg]sf] 5g …ts{ ug]{x? eGnfg\ 7'nf ukm u/]/ dfq} uP, d eG5' ;Ddf]xg snf klg 7'nf] snf xf] .Ú pgn] dgdf]xgsf] gf} dlxg] zf;gsfn / cf]nLsf] gf} dlxg] zf;gsfn cfkm'nfO{ ;w}+ ofb  /xg] jtfPsf 5g . pgn] eg]sf 5g …Pp6f dgdf]xg ( dlxgf, csf]{ ;Ddf]xg ( dlxgf .Ú cfkm' Pdfn] gePsf] / Pdfn];+u cfh;Dd Pp6f ef]6sf] klg ;fO{gf] gePsf] k|i6 kfb}{ pgn] yk]sf 5g …o;f] elg/xFbf Pdfn] ePsf] cf/f]k nfUg ;S5 .Ú cj cfpg] k|wfgdGqL klg k|efjzfnL ePsf] jtfpFb} lu/Ln] /fd|f] sfd ug{ g;s] hgtfdf ;Ddf]xg hufpg cfu|x u/]sf 5g .

o:t} gfos xdfnn] eg]sf 5g æs] kL cf]nLhL======h;n] xf/]/ klg  lhTof] . tyfslyt ljh]tfx¿n] cfˆgf] :yfgnfO{ k|dfl0ft ug{' kg]{ 5 . g]kfnsf dflg;x¿n] x]l//]xsf 5g\ . s[kof pgLx¿nfO{ xNsf ¿kn]  gx]l/of];\ .Æ

xdfnn] ;fdflhs ;~hfn km];a'saf6 k|wfgdGqL cf]nLsf] k|z+;f u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] cfˆgf] :6f6;df cf]nLnfO{ xf/]/ klg lht]sf cf]nL eg]sf 5g\ . xdfnsf] pQm :6f6;df cf]nLsf] k|z+;f;Fu} /fhLgfdf lbg afWo agfpg]k|lt c;Gt'li6 klg kf]v]sf 5g\ . pgn] pgLx?nfO{ tyfslyt ljh]tf eg]sf   5g\ . pgn] of] ;a k|s/0fnfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] x]l//x]sf] :6f6;df pNn]v      u/]sf 5g\ .

…lk/tLsf] km"n km"n]kl5Ú

…b[Zo @Ú PNad lnP/ ufos ;'dg >]i7Ú;+udÚ >f]tf tyf bz{sdfem cfPsf 5g\ . of] PNaddf ;dfj]z …lk/ltsf] km"n} km"Nof]Ú af]nsf] uLtsf] Do"lhs lel8of] klg lgdf{0f e};s]sf] 5 . ;'dgnfO{ ufogdf gf]ef lnDa'n] ;fy lbPsL l5g\ .

of] uLtdf z+s/ clwsf/Lsf] zAb, cf]d k|sfz /fOsf] ;+uLt 5 . of] Do"lhs lel8of]nfO{ ;'/]z sfsL{n] lgb]{zg u/]sf x'g\ . uLtsf] lel8of]df lgb]{zs sfsL{n] g} df]8n lqml:6gf yfkf;Fu /f]dfG; u/]sf 5g\ . 1fg]G› zdf{n] of] lel8of] lvr]sf x'g\ .

cfˆgf uLtdf tof/ ePsf lel8of]dWo] o;nfO{ ufos >]i7n] pTs[i6 ePsf] k|ltlqmof lbP . ufos >]i7n] o;cufl8 …;'dgÚ PNad ahf/df NofPsf lyP . pgn] cfjfh e/]sf …Ps gh/ ltdLn], …b[ZoÚ PNaddf ;dfj]z …‰ofO{ kfg]{ ;'/, ul/b]p sfd g]tfx?Ú nufotsf uLt rlr{t 5g\ .

n]v

k|b]z g+= & / cfTdlge{/tfsf] ;jfn

;+a}wflgs ?kdf d'n's ;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf uO{;s]sf] 5 . sfof{Gjogsf lx;fjn] cem} s]xL cGof}ntfx? 5g . olb /fhgLlts jftfj/0f /fd|f] jGb} uof] eg] lt cGof}ntfx? klg la:tf/} x6\b} hfnfg t/ ;+3Lotfsf ;jfndf b]lvPsf e|dx? / km}nfO{Psf ckmjfxx?n] eg] lgs} ;d:ofdf kf/]sf] 5 . o:t} cGof}ntfx? sfod /x]sf 5g ;'b"/klZrd If]q cyf{t ;+a}wflgs lx;fjn] eGbf k|b]z g+= & df .

;+lawfgn] k|b]z g++= & sf] l;dfgfsf] 6'Ëf] nufPsf] 5 t/ pQm l;dfgfsf] laifodf ltj| lajfb /x]sf] 5 . l;dfgfsf] lajfb ldn]sf] 5}g, /fhwfgLsf] laifon] rrf{ kfpg yfn]sf] 5 . ef]nL gfdfs/0fsf] laifon] lajfb ;[hgf ug]{ 5 . cgfjZos / c;+a}wflgs lajfbsf sf/0f k|b]z g+= & sf nflu ug'{ kg]{ ax; lajfbx? cf]em]ndf k/]sf 5g .

oxfF cgfjZos / c;+a}wflgs lajfb o; sf/0fn] elgPsf] xf] ls xfdL ;+lawfgsf] wf/f @** sf] pkwf/f @ sf] la?4df ax; rnfO{/x]sf 5f}+ . æo; ;+lawfg adf]lhdsf k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL ;DjlGwt k|b]z ;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtjf6 lg0f{o eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .Æ pQm wf/fdf k|i6 ?kdf n]lvPsf] s'/f x]g{ xf] eg] xfdL clxn] k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL sxfF jgfpg] eGg] ;+lawfg la/f]wL lajfbdf s]lGb|t 5f}+ cyf{t j]df};dL jfhf jhfO{/x]sf 5f}+ .

lglZrt ?kdf xfnsf] ;'b"/klZrdsf] ;+/rgf ( lhNnfsf] 5 . P]ltxfl;stfsf cfwf/df, ef}uf]lns b'/Lsf cfwf/df, aftj/0fLo :jR5tfsf cfwf/df, xfjfkfgL / tfkdfgsf cfwf/df, ;/sf/L ef}lts ;+/rgfx? lgdf{0fsf cfwf/df, ;'/Iffsf] b[li6sf cfwf/df k|b]z g+= & sf] /fhwfgL 8f]6L x'g' k5{ eGg', :yfgLojf;Lx?n] dfu ug'{ / ef]nL jGg] k|b]z ;efn] klg o; tYonfO{ b'li6ut ug'{ Pp6f kf6f] xf]nf . o;sf ;fy;fy} cGo lhNnfsf ;d'bfox?n] klg k|b]z ;efsf] /fhwfgLsf nflu bfjL k]z ug'{, ts{ k]z ug'{ cGoyf dflgg' x'Fb}g . xfdLn] em08} ;ft bzs;Dd gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/sf] clwsf/sf] n8fO{ dfq} n8]sf 5f}+ . Tof] n8fO{af6 xfdLn] larf/ cleJolQmsf] :jtGqtf kfPsf 5f}+ . ;j}n] cfkm\gf] larf/ cleJoQm ug{ kfpg' k5{ . t/, ;+lawfg cg';f/ u7g ePsf bnx?n], ;+lawfg adf]lhd lgjf{lrt ePsf g]tfx?n] …k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL kmnfgf] 7fpFdf x'G5Ú jf …kmnfgf] 7fpFdf x'GgÚ eGg' ;+lawfg la/f]wL cleJolQm xf] .

olb s'g} rdTsfl/s lg0f{o ePg eg] @)&@ ;fn c;f]h # ut] hf/L ePsf] g]kfnsf] ;+lawfgsf] wf/f %^ sf] pkwf/f # cg';f/ sfod ul/Psf] e'uf]ng} k|b]z g+= & xf] . cyf{t\ xfnsf] ;'b"/klZrdf~rn lasf; If]q . clxn]sf] cj:yf xfdLn] cj k|b]z g+= & sf] cfTdlge{/tfsf] laifodf ax;, lajfb s]lGb|t ug'{ kg]{ h?/L 5 . s] clxn]sf] cfly{s cj:yf cg';f/ k|b]z g+= & cfTdlge{/ x'g ;S5 < ax; otflt/ s]lGb|t u/f}+ . k|b]zsf] gfd s v u h] ePklg s]xL km/s kb}{g . k|b]zsf] l;dfgf b'O{ laQf tndfyL x'Fbf klg cfsfz vl;xfNb}g / /fhwfgL xfdLn] eg]s} 7fpFdf ePg eg] klg xfd|f] ;j{:j u'Dg] xf]O{g . t/, cfly{s ?kn] xfdL ;jn ePgf}+ eg], xfdL cfTdlge{/ ePgf}+ eg] xfdLn] ;w}+ ;+3Lo ;/sf/ -g]kfn ;/sf/_ sf] d'v tfSg' kg]{ 5 . xfd|f] ;fdflhs lasf;, cfly{s lasf;, ef}lts lasf;, /fhgLlts ;DjGw lasf; cflb ;j} / ;w}+ ;'b"/d} /xg] 5g .

e/v/} ;DkGg cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# sf] o; k|b]zsf] cfo Joo laj/0f x]g]{ xf] eg] o:t} s'/fsf] ;+s]t ub{5 . o; If]qdf cfPsf] s'n jh]6 #& cj{ ^@ s/f]8, @* nfv, *( xhf/ rf/ ;o #( dWo] xfdLn] ## cj{, !* s/f]8, #( nfv, @% xhf/, rf/ ;o @( ?k}ofF cyf{t s/Lj ** k|ltzt dfq} xfdLn] vr{ ug{ ;s]sf 5f}+ . o;df klg rfn' cg'bfgtkm{ s/Lj (# k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] b]lvG5 eg] k"FhLut tkm{ h;nfO{ lasf; ah]6 eg]/ lrGg] ul/G5 o;tkm{ hDdf && k|ltzt dfq} vr{ ePsf] b]lvG5 . xfd|f nflu of] gf}nf] s'/f xf]O{g . k|To]s jif{ ah]6 lk|mh x'g] /f]u 5 xfd|f]df .

ah]6 lk|mh x'g] ;d:of t Psflt/ 5 g} csf]{lt/ xfd|f] k|b]zsf] cfDbfgL slt 5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ o; k|b]zsf] cfTdlge{/tf;+u hf]l8g' k5{ . ## cj{ xfdLn] vr{ ug{ ;s]sf 5f}+ t/ xfd|f] /fhZj ;+sng s'n vr{sf] @! k|ltzt dfq} cyf{t\ ;ft cj{, !$ s/f]8, tLg nfv, !! xhf/, tLg ;o dfq} 5 . of] /fhZjn] ;Dej x'G5 t xfd|f] k|b]zsf] cfTdlge{/tf < cem} l;dfÍsgsf] qmddf pl7/x]sf] h:tf] o; If]q cGt/ut /x]sf t/fO{sf b'O{ lhNnf s}nfnL / s~rgk'/nfO{ cnu ug]{ o; If]qsf kxf8L lhNnfx?sf] /fhZj hDdf %^ s/f]8, %! nfv, @% xhf/, tLg ;o ?k}ofF dfq} ;+sng x'Fbf] /x]5 .

To;sf/0f ax;nfO{ otflt/ s]lGb| ug'{ kg]{ h?/L 5 . olb xfdLn] ;xL ;dodf ;xL tl/sfn] a;xsf] p7fg ug{ ;Sof}+ / ;xL ;dodf ;xL of]hgf jgfpg ;Sof}+ eg] of] k|b]z b]ze/Lsf s'g} klg k|b]z eGbf sd x'g]5}g . xfdLn] c?sf] d'v tfSg' kg]{ s'g} cfjZostf x'g]5}g . To;sf nflu xfdL;+u kof{Kt cfwf/x? 5 . ef}uf]lns lx;fjn] xfdL;+u lxdfn, kxf8, t/fO{ 5 . lxdfnsf] ax'd'No ofzf{u'Djf, kxf8sf] h8Lj'6L / t/fO{sf] cGgnfO{ dfq} xfdLn] Joj;flos ?kdf Jojl:yt ug{ ;Sof}+ eg] w]/} s'/f x'G5, Ps . bf];|f] s'/f xfdL;+u pQ/L l5d]sL hf]8\g] / blIf0fL l5d]sL hf]8\g] gfsfx? 5g . Jofkf/sf lx;fjn], ko{6gsf lx;fjn] lo gfsfx? xfd|f nflu dxTjk"0f{ 5g . o; If]qdf /x]sf clgluGt ko{6sLo :ynx?, wfld{s :ynx?, P]ltxfl;s :ynx?, k|fs[lts :ynx? / xfjfkfgLsf] xfdLn] plrt ;+/If0f, lasf; / k|rf/ ug{ ;Sof}+ eg] pQ/L l5d]sjf6 / blIf0fL l5d]saf6 ko{6sx?sf] cf}O{/f] nfUg]5 .

ko{6g Joj;fog} xfd|f] k|b]zsf] cfo ;|f]tsf] d'Vo cfwf/ jGg] ;Defjgf x'g hfG5 . :jLldË, ¥oflK6Ë, Kof/fUnfO{l8Ë, SnfO{lDjË, cflb cflb ;j} dgf]/~hgfTds :ynx? 5g oxfF . b'ef{Jo s] xf] eg] lo :ynx?sf] Joj;flos ?kdf g t ;+/If0f x'g ;Sof] g lasf;, g xL k|rf/g} x'g ;Sof] . JolQmut :jfy{lnK;fn] ubf{ o; If]qsf] ko{6g Joj;fo w/f;foL eof] eGbf s'g} cGoyf x'Fb}g xf]nf . ko{6g If]qsf] lasf; ug]{ eg]/ hltklg ;+/rgfx? lgdf{0f eP lt ;j} ;+/rgfx? e|i6frf/, clgoldttf h:tf lajfbx?af6 c5'tf] /xg ;s]gg\ .

o; If]qsf] lasf;sf nflu t]>f] dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/ phf{ xf] . ;g !(*! b]lv rrf{ x'Fb} ;]nfpFb}, rrf{ x'Fb} ;]nfpFb} u/]sf] klZrd ;]tL hnlaB't kl/of]hgf clxn] klg h:tfsf] To:t} 5 . &%) d]ufjf6 laB't lgsfNg] elgPsf] pQm kl/of]hgf jGg ;Sg] xf] eg] k|b]zsf] d'xf/ km]g{ ;lsG5 . hnlaB'tdf of] kl/of]hgf dfq} xf]O{g, ;]tL gbLdf cGo of]hgfx? klg lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sg] 7fpF 5 . ckL vf]nf, afpnL uf8, sfNªf, a'9L u+uf, 7'nLuf8 o:tf clgluGtL vf]nfx? hxfFaf6 sd nufgLd} laB't ptkfbg ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgfx? k|;:t 5 . xfdL nfdf] ;do;Dd klZrd ;]tL kl/of]hgfd} ?klNnPsf 5f}+ . ToxL 7fpFdf, Toltg} pTkfbg lbg] u/L jgfpg' kg]{ c8fgdf xfdLn] s/Lj rf/ bzs;Dd ;]tL gbLdf kfgL aufof}+, km]/L klg Tof] of]hgf jGg] s'g} 5fF6sfF6 5}g . Tof] eGbf t k|mfG;]nL sDkgL ;f]u|xn] tof/ u/]sf] of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] cg'dlt lbPsf] eP clxn];Dd w]/} pTkfbg eO{;SYof] . To;}n] cj ;fgf tyf demf}nf cfof]hgf lgdf{0fdf k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{ h?/L 5 . sd nufgLdf of]hgfx? lgdf{0f ub}{ n}hfg' plrt x'G5 .

o;sf] ;fy} h8La'6Lx?nfO{ klg o; If]qsf] cfTdlge{/tfsf] ;fwg jgfpg ;lsG5 . /fli6«o–cGt–/fli6«o k"FhLkltx?nfO{ nufgL ug]{ aftfj/0f jgfpg] xf] eg] o; If]qdf pTkfbg x'g] sRff kbfy{nfO{ o;} If]qdf k|;f]wg ug]{ pBf]ux? :yfkgf u/L cfjZostf cg';f/sf] vkt / afFsL cGt/k|b]zdf lgof{t ug{ ;lsG5 . h;/L h'8La'6L tyf cGo jg k}bfjf/df clxn] clgoldttf eO{/x]sf] 5, o;nfO{ /f]Sg] xf] / k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?sf] plrt ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / ;+sng ug]{ xf] eg] o;n] klg o; If]qsf] lasf;df gofF cfofd yKg] 5 .

xfdLn] st} hfg' kg]{ h?/L 5}g . cGg e08f/ b]lv of;f{u'Djf;Dd, ef/tb]lv lrg;Dd, ¥oflK6Ëb]lv SnfO{lDaË;Dd, lxdfnb]lv     t/fO{;Dd, kfgL b]lv lxp;Dd, phf{b]lv vlgh;Dd xfdL;+u} 5 . xfdLn] ;|f]t vf]Hb} lx8\g' kg]{, s;}nfO{ xft yfKg' kg]{   h?/Lg} 5}g . cefj 5 dfq} kl/sNkgfsf], Woosf], of]hgfsf], nIfsf] . k6sk6s o; If]qn] k|wfgdGqL kfof] . ))& ;fnsf] /fhgLltkl5, @)!& ;fnsf] /fhgLltkl5, @)$^ ;fnsf] /fhgLltkl5 k|wfgdGqL ag] o; If]qjf6 . dGqLx?sf] t uGtLg} 5}g . s'g} lhNnf o:tf] 5}g hxfFaf6 dGqL gjg]sf] xf];\ . :yfoL ;/sf/ dflgg] sd{rf/LtGqdf klg dflyNn} cf]xbfdf gk'u]sf xf]O{gg\ o; If]qn] hGdfPsfx?, ;'/Iff lgsfodf t emg} a9L ks8 5 o; If]qsf] t/ klg xfdL hlxn] klg ;'b"/klZrd] . xfdL hlxn] klg c;Eo, cefjdf afFr]sf, k/lge{/ .

To;}n] of] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu clxn]b]lvg} tof/ x'g' h?/L 5 . o; If]qaf6 /fli6«o /fhgLltdf k|efj /fVg] g]tfx?n] c? s]xL ul/lbg' kg]{ h?/L 5}g, d]/f] kf6L{ t]/f] kf6L{ eg]/ o; If]qsf o'jfx?nfO{ cfk;df gh'emfO{lbP k'U5 . /rgfTds ;'emfj lbP k'U5, /fd|f] sfd ug]{ hg';'s} kf6L{sf] ePklg p;sf] k|;+;f u/ / g/fd|f] sfd ug]{ hf] ;'s} ePklg p;sf] la/f]w u/ eg]/ cfb]z ul/lbP k'U5 cfkm\gf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ . To;}klg s'g} k|wfgdGqL s'g} dGqL jf s'g} g]tf;+u d}n] cfkm\gf] If]qsf] nflu o:tf] O{gf]e];g u/], o:tf] qm]l6le6L b]vfP eGg] cfwf/ 5 / < kbdf uP, eQf vfPF, jl/kl/ 3'Dg] s]xLnfO{ s]xL lbg /f]huf/L lbPF eGg] jfx]s c? s]xL 5}g .

To;}n] cj ;'b"/sf o'jfx?n] ;f]Rg' kg]{ j]nf cfPsf] 5 . xfd|f] 7fpF xfdL cfkm}n] jgfpg] xf], xfd|f] k/lge{/tfsf] cGTo xfdL cfkm}n] ug]{ xf], xfdL cfTdlge{/ cfkm} jGg] xf] .

df]km;n kqsfl/tf

ch'{g la=s= -k|jGw lgb]{zs_

pHofnf] nflN6g 86 sd, ?kGb]xL

tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/rokfpF g <

— d ch'{g la=s=, df]km;nsf] nf]slk|o cgnfO{g pHofnf] nflN6g 86 sdsf] k|aGw lgb]{zs . ;fy} d /]l8of] b]jbxdf klg sfo{/t 5' . hGd3/ kfNkf, :yfoL a;f]jf; ?kGb]xLsf] b]jbx, h;nfO{ xfdLn] uf}td a'4sf] dfjnL :yn eg]/ klg lrGg] u5f}{+ .

tkfO{n] lsg kqsfl/tf k]zf /f]Hg' eof] <

— d ;dfh kl/jt{g rfxg] dfG5], ;dfhnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg / n]vsLo dfWodaf6 klg ;dfh kl/jt{gdf s]xL of]ubfg ug{ ;lsG5 ls eGg] ljrf/n] klg d}n] of] k]zf c+ufn]sf] x'F .

slt ;do eof] o; k]zfdf nfu]sf] <

— d kqsfl/tf k]zfdf nfu]sf] nueu ^ jif{ x'g nfUof] . lj=;+ @)^* ;fnb]lv clxn] ;Dd of] k]zfdf lg/Gt/ nflu/x]sf] 5' .

s:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <

— dnfO{ d'Votof ;fdflhs lj6sf] kqsfl/tf ug{ dgk5{ /;fdflhs ljifoj:t'df snd rnfpg kfpFbf dnfO{ Psbd cfTd;Gt'li6 klg ldNg] u5{ . To; afx]s   dgf]/~hg, / /fhgLlts ljifoa:t'df klg snd rnfpg] u5'{ .

kqsfl/tfdf t w]/} ;d:ofx? 5g eG5g lg, s:tf vfnsf ;d:ofx? kfpg' eof] <

— ca kqsfl/tfdf ;a} eGbf 7'nf] r'gf}lt eg]sf] cfly{s g} xf] . sfd cg';f/ bfd kfpg d'l:sn 5 . sfd cg';f/sf] bfd kfpgsf] nflu dlxgf}+ s'g'{ kg]{ klg x'G5 . slxn]sfxLF xflsdx?sf] egfO{ ;'Gg' kg]{ n]v]sf] ;dfrf/ klg k|sfzg k|zf/0f gx'g], s'g} s'/fsf] kbf{kmf; u¥of] eg] ;dfrf/ x6fpg cfb]z cfpF5 . o:tf cg]sf+} lsl;dsf ;d:of cfpF5g\ kqsfl/tf ubf{ .

df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf t of] eGbf klg a9L ;d:ofx? 5g eGg] ul/G5 lg Û

— 5 w]/} ;d:of 5 . ;d:of eGg] xf] eg] xf] eg] laDj ;fKtflxs j]bgfsf] kf]sf] lj;fpg] rf}tf/L jGg ;S5 . Pp6f d'Vo s'/f eGg' kbf{ /fhgLlt gug]{ xf] eg] kqsfl/tf ug{ klg d'l:sn k5{ . d;+u cfkm\g} 36gf 5 . s]xLjif{ cl3 dnfO{ s'g} kf6L{df cfpgsf] nflu d]/f] xflsdn] lgDtf] lbg' ePsf] lyof] / d hfg dflgg . d hfg gdfg]kl5 kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] ;b:otfsf nflu pxfFn] ug'{ ePsf] l;kmfl/; /2 ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

?kGb]xL lhNnfdf kqsfl/tfsf] lasf; slQsf] ePsf] 5 <

— ?kGb]xL lhNnfdf kl5Nnf] jif{df kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf; Psbd} b'|tultdf e}/x]sf] 5 . xfldn] x]g]{ xf] eg] ?kGb]xLdf bh{gf}+ /]l8of], kqklqsf / s]xL 6]lnlehg ;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . o; If]qaf6 kqsfl/tf ;'? u/]sf kqsf/x? /fhwfgLd} uP/ ldl8of xfp; ;+rfng u/]/ klg j;]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/L tj/jf6 ;+rflnt /]l8of] g]kfn, g]kfn 6]lnlehg nufot gLlh :jfldTjdf /x]sf ldl8of xfp;df ?kGb]xLaf6 kqsfl/tf ;'? u/]sf kqsf/x?nfO{ b]Vg ;lsG5 . lbg k|ltlbg gofF gofF ;+rf/dfWod v'ln/x]sf 5g\ cem} v'Ng] t/v/df klg 5g\ . kSs} klg of]  kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf; eP/ g} xf] h:tf] dnfO{ nfU5 . / ;d:ofsf] s'/f ug'{kbf{ cGo lhNnfsf] t'ngfdf ?kGb]xLdf klg vf;} gf}nf] ;d:of t gxf]nf . d'Vo ?kdf eGg'kbf{ o; If]qsf kqsf/x?sf] ;d:of klg cGo lhNnfsf] h:t} g} 5 . ;dodf kfl/>lds gkfpFg], /fhgLlts bjfj .

df]km;n kqsfl/tfsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu tkfO{sf] larf/df g]kfn ;/sf/n] s:tf lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{ <

— s]xL jif{otf cfP/ kqsfl/tfdf Pp6f af9L cfPsf] 5, hf] klg kqsf/ x'g]  k|j[lQ . 3/ jgfpg] 7]s]bf/ b]lv lnP/ xf]6nsf] dflns, hUufsf] bnfnL ug]{ b]lv lnP/ d]gkfj/ rnfpg] xfsLd hf] klg kqsf/ . / o; ljifodf g]kfn ;/sf/n] klg lglZrt dfkb08 agfP/ u}/ kqsf/sf] cfudgnfO{ kqsfl/tf If]qdf cfpgsf] lglDt /f]Sg lglZrt lsl;dsf] sfo{qmd Nofpg k5{ .

kqsfl/tf k]zfdf ^ jif{b]lv sfdub}{ x'g'x'G5, df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] slQsf] e'ldsf v]n]sf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

— hlt x'g' kg]{ xf] Tof] ePsf] 5}g . xfdLn] x]g]{ xf] eg] ?kGb]xLdf bh{gf}+ /]l8of], kqklqsf / s]xL 6]lnlehg ;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . To;df cfj4 ;of}+sf] xf/fxfl/df kqsf/x? /x]sf 5g\ . lt kqsf/x?n] g t tna kfPsf 5g\ g t lgo'QmLkq . o; ljifodf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] cg'udg ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

;~rf/sdL{x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?n] df]km;n kqsf/sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu s:tf] e'ldsf v]n]sf] kfpg' x'G5 <

— of] kqsf/x?/sf ;+u7g eg]sf /fhgLlts bnsf eft[ ;+u7g h:t} x'g d]/f] ljrf/df . h'g kf6L{sf] kqsf/nfO{ ;d:of k¥of] ToxL kf6L{sf] kqsf/ ;+u7g cfP/ jsfnt u5{ . cGo kqsf/nfO{ k/]sf] ;d:ofsf] lgDtL vf;} rf;f] lbP h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g . olb s]xL ;d:of eP/ uPdf xfd|f] kf6L{df cfO{h clg h] ug'{ 5 xfdL u5f}+{ eGg klg kl5 kb}{gg\ oL ;+u7g .

tkfOsf] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <

— kqsfl/tf eg]sf] ;dfhsf] P]gf xf] . h;n] ;dfhdf n's]/ /x]sf ljljw s'/fsf] kbf{kmf; u/L ;Dd'gt ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{ d2t u5{ .

slt sdfpg' eof] t kqsfl/tf k]zfjf6 <

— hlt sdfP gfd sdfP bfdsf] t s'/} gu/f}+ .

g]kfnsf] kqsfl/tf If]q lbg k|ltlbg ab\gfldt x'Fb} uPsf] 5, kf7s ju{n] ;dfrf/sf] laZjf;gLotfk|lt k|Zg p7fpg yfn]sf 5g, ;~rf/sdL{x? klg u}/ sfg'gL lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg ePsf 5g eGg] cf/f]k klg nfUg yfn]sf] 5, tkfO{nfO{ s] nfU5, tkfFO{sf] If]qlt/ s:tf] 5 <

— d}n] cl3 g} eg]sf] lyPF kqsfl/tfdf Pp6f af9L cfPsf] 5, clxn] hf] klg kqsf/ x'g] k|j[lQ . 3/ jgfpg] 7]s]bf/, hUufsf] bnfnL ug]{ b]lv lnP/ d]gkfj/ rnfpg] xflsd hf] klg kqsf/ . kqsf/ cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] kfngf ug{ 5fl8;s] clxn]sf kqsf/ tyf ;+rf/dfWodx?n] . of] ljifodf a'6jn klg o;af6 c5'tf] /xg rflx ;s]sf] 5}g .

tkfO{ t nfUg' ef 5}gg\ xf]nflg o:tf s'/fdf Û

— olb d Tof] s[ofsnfkdf nfu]sf] eP ;fob laDj ;fKtflxsdf d]/f] cGt{jftf{ cfpFg] lyPg xf]nf . To;}n] d kqsfl/tfsf] wd{ k'/f u/]/ ;w}+ kf7ssf] lglDt lgZkIf ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug{ k|ltj4 /xg]5' .

o;df ;'wf/sf nflu s] ug{' k5{ h:tf] nfU5 <

— ;j{k|yd hf] klg kqsf/ x'g] k|j[lQ TofUg' k5{ . ;dfrf/ n]Vg] kqsf/sf] sfd xf] . ;dfhdf ;xL ;"rgf lbg] p;sf] lhDd]jf/L xf] . slxn] sfxL unt va/n] klg 7'nf] b'3{6gf lgDTofpg ;S5, To;}n] kqsfl/tf ug]{n] kqsf/ cfrf/;+lxtf kfngf ug]{ / cfrf/;+lxtf nfu' u/fpg a;]sf lgsfon] To;sf] kfng u/fpg kxn ug]{ xf] eg] To;sf] ;dfwfg x'G5 .

df]km;n kqsfl/tf If]qdf ;'wf/sf nflu tkfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ s] ;'emfj lbg rfxfg' x'G5 <

— clxn] df]km;ndf ldl8of xfp; v'Ng] qmd a9\bf] 5 . tL ldl8of xfp;sf] cfjZostf xf] ls gfO{ < s] lbge/ lut jhfpg s} nflu /]l8of] vf]Ng lbg] < s] cgnfO{gdf 5flkPsf ;dfrf/ slk k]:6 ug{ klqsf ;+rfng ug{ lbg] < lo ofjt\ s'/fx?df ;/sf/n] l5§} plrt sbd rfNg' kg]{ x'G5 . hlt clxn] 5g\ To;sf] u'0f:t/df ;/sf/n] Wofg lbg'k5{ . ;/sf/sf] 9's'6Ldf k};f t hDdf xf]nf ;+rf/u[x ;+rfng ug{ cg'dlt lbPjfkt t/ cfjZostf xf] ls x}g Tof] klg Wofg lbg cfjZos 5 .

cGTodf eGg} kg]{ s'g} s'/f 5'6] h:tf] nfu]sf] 5 ls <

— kqsf/ cfrf/;+lxtfsf] kfngf u/L dof{lbt tj/n] kqsfl/tf u/f}+ . s'g} /fhgLlts bnsf] vf]n cf]9]/ kqsfl/tf gu/f}+ . ;lx ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug{ slxNo} kl5 gk/f}+ eGg rfxG5' .

lzIfs ;]jf cfof]usf] tof/Lsf nflu pkof]uL

!_ v'nf ljZj ljBfnosf] k|f/De slxn] / sxfF af6 ePsf] lyof] < — ;g\ !(^(, a]nfot

@_ curriculum zAbnfO{ klxnf] k6s k|of]u ug]{ sf] x'g < — jlj6 -Bobbitt_

#_ pkTosf aflx/ klxnf] P;= Pn= ;L= s]G› sxfF v'n]sf] lyof] < 

— lj= ;= @))! ;fn, lj/uGh

$_ afn clwsf/ ;DalGw dxf;lGwdf g]kfnn] slxn] x:tfIf/ u¥of] < — ;g\ !(() ;]K6]Da/ !$

%_ g]kfndf efiff kf7zfnfsf] nflu n]lvPsf] klxnf] kf7\ok':ts s'g lyof] < — cIf/fÍ lzIff

^_ s'g lzIffnfO{ ælk9L lzIffÆ pkgfdn] lrlgG5 <    — ;+:s[t lzIff

&_ ;+:s[t lzIff x]g]{ klxnf] 8fO/]S6/ sf] lyP <  — x]d/fh kf08]

*_ g]kfndf lzIfs tflndnfO{ s'g of]hgfn] clgjfo{ u/]sf] xf] <   — /flzkof] @)@*

(_ ln+ue]b eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 <   — :qL / k'?if ljrsf] k|fs[lts jf h}ljs leGgtf

!)_ ;dflxt lzIff sfo{qmd ;'? ul/Psf] klxnf] lhNnf s'g xf] <   — afFs]

!!_ lzIfsx?nfO{ tflndsf nflu 5gf]6 ug]{ sfd s;n] u5{ <    lj= Jo= ;=

!@_ æafnssf] 3/Æ / æOlG›o tflndsf]Æ cjwf/0ff sf] ;+u ;DalGwt 5 < 

— d]l/of df]G6]:j/L

!#_ æu'~h ;qÆ s'g ljlw cGtu{t kb{5 < — 5nkmn ljlw

!$_ k|bz{g ljlwsf] klxnf] r/0fdf s] ul/G5 <   — ljifoj:t' 5gf]6

!%_ gjhft lzz'sf] prfO slt x'G5 <    — @) OGr

!^_ Jojxfl/s dgf]lj1fgsf hGdbftf sf] x'g <    — yg{8fOs

!&_ afnsdf ;a}eGbf klxn] s'g ;+j]u b]vf kb{5 <   — 8/

!*_ æ;kmn k|ltlqmof bf]xf]l/G5Gf\, unt k|ltlqmof x6\b5Æ of] egfO s'g l;4fGt;Fu ;DalGwt 5 <

— k|oTg / e"nåf/f l;sfO

!(_ lg/Gt/ ljBfyL{ d"Nof+sg s] ;+u ;DalGwt 5 <   — pbf/ sIff]Gglt

@)_ ;fs{ /fi6«x? dWo] Go'g ;fIf/tf ePsf] b]z s'g xf] <  — ckmuflg:tfg

@!_ lzIff P]g @)@* sf] cf7f}F ;+zf]wg cg';f/

pRr df=lz=kl/ifb P]g vf/]h ePsf] 5 .

g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ lzIff ;DalGw ;'emfj lbgsf nflu /fli6«o lzIff kl/ifb u7g ePsf] 5 .

;fwf/0f ljBfno lzIffsf] cjlw  !@ aif{ ePsf] 5 .

k|fljlws ljBfno lzIffsf] cjlw !# jif{ ePsf] 5 .

!@ sIffsf] cGtdf x'g] SLC ;/xsf] k/LIff ;~rfng / Joj:yfkg ug]{ lgsfo /fli6«o k/LIff af]8{

of] P]gsf] @)@* cf7f}F ;+zf]wg Joj:yflksf ;+;baf6 kfl/t ldlt @)&#÷)@÷@@ ut]

of] P]gsf] ;+;f]wg /fi6«kltaf6 k|dfl0fs/0f ldlt ldlt @)&#÷)#÷!%

b"/ tyf v'nf lzIffsf] kl/ro k|:t't u/L g]kfndf o; lsl;dsf] lzIffsf] dxTjaf/] :ki6 kfg{'xf];\ .

pQ/ M cf}krfl/s lzIffeGbf b"/ tyf 6f9f /x]/ lzIff k|fKt ug]{ dfWodnfO{ b"/ lzIff elgG5 . To:t} cf}krfl/s lzIff ljkl/t l;sf?sf] ?lr, cfjZostf, km';{bsf] ;donfO{ b[li6ut u/L ljleGg dfWodaf6 lzIf0f l;sfOsf] cj;/ kfpg] tl/sf v'nf lzIff xf] . ;fdflhs, cfly{s, /fhg}lts, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s, kfl/jfl/s, ef}uf]lns OToflb sf/0fn] cf}krfl/s lzIff xfl;n ug{af6 jl~rt JolQm, ju{ / ;d'bfosf dflg;x?n] klg cfˆgf] ;do, cj:yf, ?lr, OR5f / cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo z}lIfs sfo{x?df ;dfj]z eO{ lzIff k|fKt ug{ ;s"g\ eGg] Pp6f cfw'lgs b[li6sf]0f g} b"/ tyf v'nf lzIff xf] . o;/L b"/ tyf v'nf lzIff eGgfn] lzIffs ljBfyL{aLr cf}krfl/s ?kdf lgoldt cGt/lqmof gx'g], ljBfyL{ cfkm} ;lqmo eO{ l;Sg] / cgf}krfl/s ;+/rgfdf ;~rflnt x'g] lzIffnfO{ a'lemG5 . g]kfndf b"/ tyf v'nf lzIffsf] dxTjnfO{ lgDgfg';f/ pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 M

!= cf}krfl/s lzIff k4ltaf6 jl~rt x'g]x?sf nflu pko'Qm z}lIfs cj;/ k|bfg ug]{,

@= ;fIf/tf b/sf] j[l4 u/fpg tyf ;a}sf nflu lzIff sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zo k"/f ug]{,

#= lgoldt ?kdf ljBfno hfg g;Sg] tyf ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf] sf/0f ljBfnodf pkl:yt x'g g;Sg] JolQmx?nfO{ lzIff k|bfg ug]{,

$= ;]jf If]qdf g} /x]/ lzIff k|fKt ug{ rfxg] tyf km';{bsf] ;donfO{ ;b'kof]u ug{ rfxg]x?nfO{ lzIff k|bfg ug]{,

%= k|f}9 JolQm tyf lar}df ljBfno 5f8]sf JolQmx?sf] OR5f, ?lr / cfjZostf cg';f/ lzIff k|bfg ug]{,

^= l;sf?sf] cf–cfˆgf] ult, ;do / :jtGqtf cg's"n lzIff k|fKt ug]{ cj;/ ldNg],

&= Pp6} ;dodf b]zel/sf 7"nf] nlIft ;d"xnfO{ ;d]6\g], sd vlr{nf] / nlrnf] x'g],

*= l;sf?sf] cfˆgf] pTk|]/0ff / ?lr cg';f/ lzIff k|fKt ug]{ ePsf]n] l;sfO lbuf] / bL3{sfnLg x'g],

(= b"/ tyf v'nf l;sfO lzIff k|fKt ug]{ Pp6f j}slNks k4lt ePsf]n] g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df pkof]uL x'g],

!)= z}lIfs, ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ef}uf]lns sf/0fn] lk5l8Psf hg;d'bfodf z}lIfs cj;/ ;'lglZrt ug{ b"/ tyf v'nf lzIffsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 .

;flxTo÷;[hgf

slatf

gfgfy/L 5g\ kl/efiff ylst lhGbuLsf]

r'Dg lzv/ e'Ng}k5{ cltt lhGbuLsf]

;Kt/lË tL OG›]0fL cfFv}df /ËfP klg

l/Q} hfg'kg]{ g xf] ;f/ ylst lhGbuLsf]

lzzL/ kl5 a;Gtdf km'Ng' xf] lhGbuL

km'Ng] km"nsf afnfem}+ em'Ng' xf] lhGbuL

cfFvfsf l8n x'Fb} emg]{ tL cfF;'nfO{ ;f]w

;'v /f]Kg, b':vnfO{ e'Ng' xf] lhGbuL

emn emnL cfFv}df ;hfP/, cltt lhGbuLsf]

;'v b':v g} xf] ls < uGtAo / ul0ft lhGbuLsf]

lx;fa em}+ hl6n,

e]l6b}g a/fa/ pQ/, of] b':lv blnt lhGbuLsf]

k|tLs a:g]t

b[Zox¿df jiff{

w]/} ;dosf] lj>fd kl5

crDd, jiff{sf] cfudg

cefjsf] ;Ggf6f kG5fpFb}

cg'xf/df cfzf / pNnf;sf] /]vf sf]/Lof]

;Gt'i6Lsf] efj b]lvof] ltvf{Psf] hdLgdf klg

jiff{sf] b'n{e b[Zo s}b eof]

nfdf] cGt/fn kl5 5d5dLsf] cfjfh u'lGhof]

w]/}kl5 Kof; klg d]l6of]

jiff{sf] ;'uGw ;a} lt/ km}lnof]

kfgLsf] sf]dntf rf/}lt/ bf}l8of]

Psdt :j/ lgl:sof]

cf]xf], jiff{, ltdL g} xfd|f] hLjg xf]

lk|o, ltdL ljgfsf] hLjg c;Dej

clxn] em} ;w} xfdLnfO{ bz{g b]p

lbg/ft cgj/t

lk|o;L cfO/lxg

nuftf/ 5fO/lxg

ca b[Zo ablng yfNof]

cg'xf/df kL/ / 8/sf] /]vf sf]/Lof]

c;G6'i6Lsf] efj b]lvof] ;Gt'i6 hdLgdf klg

dfgjLo Ifltsf] b[Zo s}b eof]

htftt} ef}lts Ifltsf] cfjfh u'lGhof]

jiff{sf] Kof; g/;+xf/lt/ klg nlDsof]

jiff{ ca hxfF klg ugfpg yfNof]

kfgLsf] s7f]/tf rf/}lt/ bf}l8of]

Psdt :j/ lgl:sof]

cf]xf], gLb{oL ca ltdL gcfp

ca slxNo} gkms{ ..

l;lNeof /fhf]kfWofo

;"rgf÷;Gb]z÷la1fkg

lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf, 8f]6Lsf] cg'/f]w .

¨ 3/3/df kmnkm'nsf la?jf /fkf}+, ;/;kmfO{ u/L  jftfj/0f hf]ufcf}+ .

¨ Knfli6ssf] k|of]u sd eGbf sd u/f}+, jftfj/0fd}qL gu/ jgfcf}+ .

¨ Knfli6s lgz]lwt gu/ agfcf}+, gu/ ;kmf /fVg] bfloTj xfd|} xf] .

¨ lbkfon l;nu9L gu/, :jR5 / ;d'Ggt jgfpg] xfdL ;j}sf] /x/Ú .

sfo{sf/L clws[t