बिम्ब नेपाली साप्ताहिक, मिति २०७३ साल कार्तिक ३० गते मंगलवार

;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?nfO{ ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx?sf] ;jfnk|lt rf;f] lng] / hjfkmb]xL jgfcf}+ .

g]kfn ;/sf/

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

d'Vo ;dfrf/

gu/kflnsfdf b'O{ hgf clws[t a]kQf

8f]6L lhNnfsf] Psdfq gu/kflnsf lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf sfof{nodf ;a} sd{rf/Lx? l;+u} sfof{nodf pkl:ylt ePsf] k|foM sd} b]Vg kfOG5 .

slxn] sfof{no k|d'v x'G5g t n]vf clws[t x'b}gg\, n]vf clws[t x'G5g t csf]{ kmfF6sf] sd{rf/L x'b}gg\, . slxNo} c? sd{rf/Lx? cfpF5g  t sfof{no k|d'v cfpb}gg o:t} o:t} . slxNo} dlxgf}+ lbg;Dd klg lgldQ s} e/df sfof{no ;~rfngdf cfPsf] x'G5 . To:t} bz} labfeGbf cuf8L uPsf clws[tx? kms{]sf 5}gg . stf uPsf x'g < s] sf nflu uPsf x'g < sfof{nodf s;}nfO{ klg hfgsf/L  5}g . g t sd{rf/L xflh/L /lhi6/df g} pNn]v 5 . /lhi6/df x]bf{ dlxgf lbg cuf8L b]lvsf vfnL sf]7f dfq 5g .

lbkfon l;nu9L gu/–kflnsf n]vf clws[t ;l/km s'df/ >]i7 ut c;f]h !* ut] ;Dd sfof{nodf xflh/L ePsf lyP . bz} labf x'g tLg lbg cufa} uO;s]sf xflh/L /lhi6/df b]lvPsf] 5 . c;f]h @@ ut] zlgaf/ g} e}xfNof] . @# ut]b]lv @& ut];Dd kfFr lbg bz}sf] labf g} eof] . To;kl5 @* ut] z'qmaf/sf lbg sfof{nodf pkl:yt eO ;]jfu|fxLx?nfO{ ;]jf lbg'kg]{df clxn];Dd klg  cQf]kQf] 5}g .

of] ;dfrf/ tof/ kfbf{ ;Dd n]vf clws[tsf] xflh/L  /lhi6/df  g t 3/ labf, g SofaL labf, g sfh, g lkmN8 s]xL klg pNn]v u/]sf] 5}g . gfd gv'nfpg] ;t{df Pshgf sd{rf/Ln] eg], …xfdLnfO{ t s]xL yfxf x'b}g stf hfG5g < lsg hfG5g < s;sf nflu hfG5g\ < oxfF cfPsf ;]jfu|fxLx?nfO{ sfof{nodf x'g'x'Gg eG5f}+  . clg lx+8L  xfN5g .Ú

tL sd{rf/Ln] eg] …;]jfu|fxLnfO{ klg slt;Dd t8\kfpg' ef]nL k;L{ cfpg'x'G5 To;kl5 cfpg'xf]nf eGbf eGbf dlxgf}+ lbg latL xfN5 xfd|f xflsd;fkx? cfpg'x'Gg . kl5 t cfkm}+nfO{ s] afxfgf u/]/ ;]jfu|fxLx?nfO{ k7fcf}+ h:tf] nfU5 .Ú

s]xL ;do cuf8L laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxs;+u 6]lnkmf]gdf s'/f ub}{ n]vf clws[t >]i7n] eg], …d b'O{÷tLg lbgdf sfof{nodf cfOxfN5' Tot} cfP/ e]6f}+nf . d clnslt 3/fo;L sfddf lahL eP/ xf] gq d l56} cfOxfNy] .Ú n]vf clws[t >]i7n] eg]sf] of] jfSo cfh t]O; lbg k'Uof] . pgsf] b'O÷tLg lbg cfpg afFsL g} 5 .

o:t} sfo{sf/L clws[t  /fh axfb'/ zfxL 8f]6L cfPsf rf}+w dlxgf;Dd sfof{nodf hDdf k'ugk'u b'O{;o lbg hlt pkl:yt ePsf lyP . kl5Nnf] ;dodf x]g]{ xf] eg]klg bLkfjnL tLg lbg dfq labf lyof] . o;} sflt{s ;q ut]b]lv lgoldt sfof{nodf pkl:ylt eP/ ;]jf u|fxLnfO{ ;]jf lbg'sf] ;§f xflh/L /lhi6/df ;q ut]sf]  lbg SofaL labf n]v]/ a]kQf ePsf 5g .

Tof] a]nfb]lv of] ;dfrf/ tof/ kfbf{;Dd s'g labfdf -SofaL, 3/, la/fdL, e|d0f, sfh_ df uPsf 5g s;}nfO{ yfxf 5}g . xflh/L /lhi6/df s]xL klg pNn]v ul/Psf]  5}g .

;DkfbsLo

hgefjgf a'emf}+

sflt{s @) ut] :yfgLo tx k'g;{+/rgf k|flalws ;xof]u ;ldltn] Psdgf lg0f{osf ;fy l;kmfl/; ul/ k7fPsf] :yfgLo txsf] vfsfsf laifodf Jofks ?kdf cfnf]rgf cfpg yfn]sf 5g . sflt{s @) ut] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lhNnf:t/Lo k/fdz{ uf]i7Ldf s;}n] klg la/f]w gu/]sf]df v'zL dgfpg] /fhgLltsdL{x? / k|flalws ;ldlt la:tf/} cfnf]rgfsf] kfq jGb} uPsf 5g . lhNnfsf] e'uf]nsf] lsQfsf6 u/]/ dfq} :yfgLo txsf] k'g;{+/rgf x'g ;Sb}g . k'g;{+/rgf eg]sf] cfly{s ?kdf, ;fdflhs ?kdf,   /fhgLlts ?kdf, hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df / e'uf]nsf] cfwf/df k'g;+{/rgf ug'{ k5{ eGg] s'/f a'em\g' h?/L 5 .

v}/, of] lhNnfsf] dfq} s'/f eof] t/ :yfgLo tx k'g;{+/rgfdf b]z}e/Ldf o:tf] ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 . g lxdfndf, g kxf8df, g t/fO{df s'g} klg 7fpFdf :yfgLo tx k'g;{+/rgfn] hgtfnfO{ ;Gt'i6 jgfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . Tof] lsg eof] t < o; jf/]df a'em\g] k|of; gLlt lgdf{tfx?n] jf of] sfo{zt{ tyf sfo{lalw to ug]{x?n] a'em\g' h?/L 5 . :yfgLo lgsfosf] k'g;{+/rgf ubf{ hg;+Vof k|d'v cfwf/ x'g} ;Sb}g . hg;+Vof klg cGo cfwf/x? h:t} Pp6f cfwf/ dfq} xf] . o;nfO{ d'Vo laifo jgfO{g' x'Gg . bf]>f] s'/f klxn]g} ;+Vof lgwf{/0f u/]/ k'g;+{/rgf ug]{ s'/f d'v{tf dfq} xf] . lhNnfsf] Ps s'gfjf6 e'uf]n, ;fdflhs–;fF:s[lts ;DjGw, lasf;sf] cj:yf, k|fs[lts >f]t ;fwg;Ddsf] kx'Fr, cfly{s ;DjGw, hg;+Vof ;j} s'/f x]/]/ lgwf{/0f ub}{ hfFbf slt ;+Vof cfpF5 To;kl5 lgwf{/0f x'g] s'/f xf] t/ xfdL klxn] h'Qf jgfpFb}5f}+ clg v'§fsf] gfk lng] k|of; ub}{5f}+ . o;n] ubf{ ;d:of ;[hgf ePsf] 5 .

csf]{ s'/f xfdL gu/kflnsfsf gfddf hj/h:tL b'u{d ufpFdf a;f]af; ug]{x?dfyL cGofo ub}{ 5f}+ . b'lgofFdf sxLF klg ufpF lasl;t eof] eg] dfq gu/ jf zx/df kl/0ft x'g] xf] / ;f]xL cg';f/ gu/ 3f]if0ff ug]{ ul/G5 . gu/ 3f]if0ff u/]/ lasf; u5'{ eGg' xf:of:kb\ xf] . ufpFkflnsf agfP/ To;}sf] lasf; ul/g' k5{ . gu/ jf zx/ eGg] lalQs} ;8s, laB't, kfgL, 9n lgsf;, zf}rfno, v]n d}bfg, c:ktfn, ;~rf/, 8lDkË ;fO{8 h:tf ef}lts k"jf{wf/x? lgdf{0f eO{;s]sf] x'g' k5{ . ufpFdf a;f]jf; ug]{ hgtfsf] eGbf zx/df a:g]sf] hLjg:t/dfyL ePsf] x'g' k5{ . zx/df /f]huf/Lsf ;Defjgfx? w]/} x'G5g .            dgf]/~hgsf ;fwgx? x'G5g . s] xfdLn] hj/h:tL 3f]if0ff ug{ nfu]sf gu/x? o:tf 5g t <

To;}n] of] k'g;+{/rgf xtf/df ug]{ laifo xf]O{g . o;sf nflu ;do nfU5, kNnf] ufpFsf] kfgL d'xfg sxfF 5, uf}r/0f sxfF 5, d]nf]kft sxfF 5, uf]/]6f] af6f] sxfF 5 o:tf ;–;fgf s'/fx?nfO{ klg laz]if ?kdf Wofg lbg' k5{ / o;sf nflu ;do nfUg] g}  x'G5 . xfdL xtf/df lg0f{o ug]{ / km';{bdf k5'tfpg] afgL k/]sfx? km]/L csf]{ xtf/ ub}{ 5f}+ . clxn] olb xfdLn] of] laifonfO{ plrt ?kdf Joj:yfkg ug{ ;s]gf}+ eg] ef]nL km]/L k5'tfpg'sf] s'g} lasNk x'g] 5}g xfdL;+u .

To;sf/0f clxn]g} s]xL lau|]sf] 5}g :yfgLo lgsfosf] clxn]sf] ;+/rgfdf lgjf{rg u/f}+ . pQm lgjf{rgkl5 hglgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx? :yfgLo lgsfodf cfpg] 5g . pgLx?n] cWoog ug]{5g . gofF :yfgLo tx agfpFbf s'g e'uf]nnfO{ sxfF n}hfg] eg]/ ax; rnfpgsf nflu xfdL;+u cflwsfl/s kmf]/d x'g]5 pQm kmf]/dn] to ug]{5 . hgtfsf] efjgfsf] sb/ x'g]5, la:tf/} hgtfn] of] laifonfO{ a'em\b} hfg]5g . k'g;+{/rgfsf kmfO{bfx? a'em\b} hfg]5g . clg dfq :yfgLo tx k'g;+{/rgfn] ;fy{stf kfpg]5 . 

yk ;dfrf/

/S;L vfPkl5=== n] ?jfof] bz{snfO{

cfwf/e't txdf cWoog ug]{ slnnf afnaflnsfx?sf] Ps x'n ;fdflhs las[lt la?4 gf6s b]vfpg] eGb} cuf8L ;bf{ w]/}nfO{ nfu]sf] lyof] logLx?n] s] g} kf] ug{ ;Snfg Û t/, ltg} afnaflnsfx?n] bzs{sf] 7'nf] lx:;fnfO{ ?jfO{ lbP .

sflnsf:yfg ufla;–# ;fpFbsfF8fdf u7g ePsf] gjHof]lt afnSnjn] 8f]6Lsf] aGn]s ufpF ljsf; ;ldltdf …/S;L vfPkl5=====Ú lzif{ssf] ;fdflhs las[lQ la?4sf] gf6s k|bz{g ePkl5 clwsf+z bz{sx?sf] dg /f]of] . :yfgLo elQm anfo/ elG5g\ …of] gf6s t xfd|} ufpFsf nflu ag]sf] h:tf] nfUof] .Ú pgn] of] gf6sn] cfkm' /f]Psf] jtfO{g .

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no 8f]6L cGt/utsf] dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf ;]jf s]G›sf] cfof]hgfdf k|bz{g ul/Psf] pQm ;8s gf6sn] dlb/f ;]jg u/]/ dlxnfdfyL x'g] lx+;fnfO{ lrq0f ug{ vf]h]sf] afnSnj ;~hfnsf cWoIf l/hg g]kfnL jtfpF5g . ;dfg kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| -l;8_ g]kfn / ;fd'bflos lasf; s]Gb| -l;l8;L_ gfds u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?n] afnSnjsf] Ifdtf clea[l4 ul/ gf6s k|bz{g ug]{ pTk|]/0ff hufPsf] jtfpFb} cWoIf g]kfnLn] z'qmjf/ jgn]sdf gf6s k|bz{g u/]kl5 cfkm'x?nfO{ yk xf};nf ldn]sf] jtfP .

 jgn]sdf k|bz{g u/]sf] gf6sjf6 k|efljt eP/ :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL tyf /fhgLltsdL{  g/]Gb| lai6n] cfkm'x?nfO{ cf7 xhf/ ?k}ofF k'/:sf/ lbPsf] jtfpl5g SnjsL ;lrj lgd{nf ;fpFb . pgn] elgg\ …xfdLn] gf6s k|bz{g u/]kl5 w]/} cfdf lblbx? ?g' eof] . pxfFx?n] cfkm\gf] lk8f gf6sdf kfpg' ePsf] xf]nf .Ú cfkm'x?nfO{ ;dfh kl/jt{g ug{df yk xf};nf ldn]sf] ;fpFbn]  jtfO{g .

:yfkgfsfnb]lvg} ufpFdf ;[hgzLn sfdx? ub}{ cfPsf] Snjn] ufpFnfO{ dlb/f lgif]lwt u/]sf] 5 . cfkm'x?n] pQm gf6s sflnsf:yfgs} df}jfdf klg k|bz{g u/]sf] cWoIf g]kfnL jtfpF5g .

kl5Nnf] ;dodf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf ;]jf s]G›n] dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfdfly x'g] lx+;f Go"lgs/0fsf nflu lhNnfsf ljleGgIf]qdf ;r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul//x]sf] ;]jf s]G›sf pkfWoIf Pj+ kqsf/ ldng kl/of/n] atfP . ufpF txdf ;r]tgfd"ns ;8s gf6s k|bz{g ul/ ;Gb]z km}nfPsf] eGb} :yfgLo  /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlgwLx? / uflj; ;lrjn] cfof]hs tyf gf6s k|bz{g ug]{ afn SnanfO{ wGojfb lbPsf lyP . dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf ;]jf s]G› cGt/ut aGn]s uflj;df ul7t pk–;~hfnsf cWoIf nIdL jnfo/sf] cWoIftf tyf uflj; ;lrj s0f{ axfb'/ wfdLsf] k|d"v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg pQm ;8s gf6s k|bz{gL sfo{qmddf b'O{ ;o a9L bz{sx? /x]sf] kqsf/ emns kfnLn] hfgsf/L lbP .

sd{rf/Lx?s} u'gf;f] bf]xf]l/of]

lbkfon l;nu9L gu/–kflnsfsf sd{rf/Lx? sfof{nodf ge]l6g] u/]sf] u'gf;f] km]/L bf]xf]l/Psf] 5 .

gu/kflnsfsf] cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# sf] ;fdflhs k/LIf0f sfo{zfnfsf ;xeflux?n] pQm u'gf;f] km]/L bf]xf]¥ofPsf x'g . ;xeflux?n] sd{rf/Lx? sfof{nodf gj:g] u/]sf], ;]jfu|fxL;+u /fd|f] Jojxf/ gug]{ u/]sf] u'gf;f] u/]sf lyP . y'k|} u'gf;fx? cfPkl5 g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf O{Grfh{ laj]s s'dfnn] sd{rf/Lx?n] cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L k'/f ug'{ kg]{ jtfP . pgn] olb sd{rf/Lx?n] cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L k'/f gu/] hgtfn] vj/bf/L ug'{ kg]{ jtfP .

sfo{qmddf h]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;+3sf cWoIf uf]laGb >]i6n] gu/af;LnfO{ ;]jf lbgsf nflu gu/kflnsfn] gu/a; ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{ dfu u/]sf lyP . o:t} ;xeflux?n] gu/sf of]hgfx?sf] ;dfg'kflts lat/0f ug'{ kg]{, gu/sf] cfGtl/s cfo a[l4sf nflu kxn ug'{ kg]{ jtfPsf lyP .

gu/kflnsfsf lgldQ sfo{sf/L clws[t /d]zrGb| hf]zLn] gu/kflnsfdf y'k|} ;d:ofx? /x]sf] jtfpFb} gu/af;Lx?n] ;xof]u gu/];Dd sd{rf/Lx?n] dfq} u/]/ ;d:of ;dfwfg gx'g] jtfP . pgn] ;j}nfO{ gu/kflnsfk|lt rfF;f] /fVg ;d]t cfu|x u/]sf  lyP .

sfo{qmddf kqsf/ /fdx/L cf]emfn] lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsfsf] cfj @)&@÷ )&# sf] ;fdflhs k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP .

eAo ?kdf z}n]Zj/L d]nf ;DkGg

;'b"/klZrdsf k|l;4 wfld{s zlQmkL7 z}n]Zj/L  dlGb/df ;f]daf/ eAo ?kdf d]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

;'b"/klZrdf~rn If]qsf] k|l;4 wfld{s, ;fF:s[lts Pj+ ko{6sLo dxTj af]s]sf 8f]6L ;b/d'sfd l;nu9Ldf cjl:yt z}n]Zj/L dlGb/df k|To]s jif{ sflt{s z'Sn k"l0f{dfsf lbg 7"nf] d]nf nfUg] ub{5 .

z}n]Zj/Ldf k|To]s !@ jif{df nVoxf]d tyf ! ;o $$ jif{df sf]6Lxjg dxfo1 nfUg] ub{5 / nuftf/ of] dlGb/df lgTo k"hf x'g] ub{5 .

eujfg lzj / dftf kfj{tLn] cfˆgf] ljjfx kZrft dw'rlG›sfsf lglDt 8f]6L lhNnfdf cjl:yt /d0fLo rG›flu/L kj{t xfnsf] l;nu9LnfO{ /f]h]sf] atfOG5 .

a|Dxf, lji0f', dx]Zj/ nufot ljleGg b]jtfx? eujfg lzjsf] vf]hL ub}{ oxfF cfO{ k'Ubf dftf kfj{tLn] b]jtfx?nfO{ b]v]/ nHhf :j?k ljlng x'Fbf lznf ag]sf] x'gfn] To;} a]nfb]lv o;nfO{ lznfb]jL cyf{t z}n]Zj/L b]jL eg]/ elgPsf] atfOG5 .

lzj / kfj{tLn] zon v]Ng cfPsf] x'Fbf zonu9L x'Fb} kl5 cfP/ l;nu9L eGg yflnPsf] z}n]Zj/L If]q lasf; ;ldltsf pkfWoIf wgaxfb'/ dNn atfpF5g .

z}n]Zj/L eujtLsf] lgTo k"hf :yfgLo l;nufpF lgjf;L e§ kl/jf/sf a|fXd0fåf/f ul/G5 eg] ljleGg afx| ufpFsf afx| a/fnf            -z}n]Zj/Lsf] sfdsf] lhDdf kfPsf afx| ufpFsf afl;Gbf_nfO{ ;xof]uLsf] ?kdf lbPsf] atfOG5 .

To:t} ls+jbGtL cg';f/ k/fk"j{sfndf :yfgLo ;fFsL y/sf Ps ls;fgn] xnf] hf]Tg] qmddf xnf] cl8\sPsf] / To;} 7fpFaf6 /ut lgl:sPkl5 xnLn] cfkm'n] vfgsf nflu NofPsf] lvr8Ln] 6fn]/ /ut /f]s]kl5 pu|tf/f b]jLsf] pTkQL ePsf] dflgG5 .

z}n]Zj/LsL ;ft alxgLx? pu|tf/f, lgª\nfz}gL, al8dflnsf nufot /x]sf] :yfgLox? atfp5g .  o;} z}n]Zj/LsL alxgLx?sf] 7fp7fpdf d7 dlGb/ agfP/ aif{sf] PskN6 7"nf] d]nf nfUg] u/]sf] :yfgLox? atfp5g .

z}n]Zj/Lsf] d]nf x]g{ ;'b"/klZrd If]qsf k|foM gf} j6} lhNnfsf xhf/f}+ bz{gfyL{x? cfpg] ub{5g\ .

z}n'g k;n ;~rfngdf

8f]6L lhNnf ;b/d'sfd l;nu9L l:yt >L kB klAns d'lQm gf/fo0f pRr df=la=df  cWoog/t Ps o'jsn] skfn sf6\g] Aoj;fo ;'? u/]/ :j/f]huf/df gd"gf ag]sf 5g\ .

gjnk/f;Lsf] eflt{k'/ uf=lj=;=–& 3/ eO{ l;nu9L a:b} cfPsf df]tL/fd lj=s= sf h]7f] 5f]/f @) aifL{o czf]s lj=s=n] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no cuf8L ut cfOtaf/b]lv skfn sf6\g] Aoj;fo ;'? u/]sf x'g\ .

c;f]sn] eg], cfhef]nL g} sl/a  b}lgs @) hgf u|fxs cfO{/x]sf] / !@ b]lv !% ;o ?k}ofF;Dd cfDbfgL x'g] u/]sf] 5 .Ú l5d]sL lhNnf ef/t 3/ eO{ ljut * aif{b]lv l;nu9Ld} d:tfg z}n'g k;n ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf rdg cG;f/L;+u * dlxgf;Dd skfn, bfx|L sf6\g l;s]sf pgn] sl/a ^) xhf/ nufgL u/]/ cfkm\g} z}n'g k;n ;+rfng u/]sf 5g\ .

z}n'gsf ;~rfns czf]ssf a'af sfdsf] lznlznfdf !$ aif{cl3 8f]6L cfPsf] / l;nu9Ld} lajfx u/L a:b} cfPsf x'g\ . clxn]sf] lzIffaf6 ;xh} /f]huf/L kfpg g;lsg] / sfdsf] vf]hLdf ef/t of ljb]z rfxfl/g' kg]{ cj:yfdf :yfgLo ta/d} Joj;fo ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ;f]rfO{sf ;fy x]o/ sl6ª\ Joj;fodf nfu]sf] czf]s atfp5g\ .

8f]6Ldf ld:qL sfd u/L kl/jf/ kfNb} cfPsf a'jf s]xL aif{b]lv c:j:y /x]sf] / cfly{s ca:yf sdhf]/Lsf sf/0f b}lgs 3/ vr{ rnfpg d'l:sn k/]kl5 z}n'g k;n ;'? u/]sf] czf]ssf efO uf]laGb sfdL atfp5g .

las kl/jf/ l;nu9Ldf /x]sf] /f0ffsflng b/af/ xfn l;nu9Lsf :yfgLo ;F:sf/ cdfTosf] gfddf /x]sf] d'n9f]sfsf] ;+/If0f tyf x]/rfxsf] lhDd]jf/L lnP jfkmt % ;b:oLo kl/jf/ lgz'Ns ?kdf 8]/f ul/ a:b} cfPsf 5g\ .

…u/] ;a} ;DejÚ 5 eGg] dfGotfnfO{ czf]sn] :yfkLt  u/]sf] / cGo o'jfx?n] klg czf]saf6 kf7 l;Sg' kg]{ z}n'gdf skfn sf6\g k'u]sf ;fgfufpF uflj;sf u0f]z sf]nLn] atfP . l;nu9Ldf Pp6f dfq} z}n'g k;n ePsfn] skfn sf6\g lgs} ;do nfO{g a:g'kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] / lbkfon hfg'kg]{ ;d:of 6/]sf] :yfgLox? atfp5g\ .

o;cl3 lhNnfdf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ;ldlt /fhk'/ / ul/aL Go"lgs/0f sfo{qmd cGtu{t s]o/ g]kfnsf] ;xof]udf ;dfh ;]jf 8f]6Ln] x]o/ sl6ª\ tflnd pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] . lhNnfsf] laleGg ufpsf w]/} hgf o'jfn] ;f] tflnd lnPklg xfn;Dd c? s;}n] klg k;n ;+rfng ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

:yfgLo txsf] k'g{;+/rgf k|lt c;Gt'li6 hgfp+b} d;'l/ofdf rSsfhfd

:yfgLo txsf] k'g{ ;+/rgf k|lt c;Gt'li6 hgfp+b} s}nfnLsf] d;'l/ofdf :yfgLo af;Lx?n] yk ;+3if{sf sfo{s|dx? ;fa{hlgs ub}{   oftfoft aGb u/]sf 5g .

d+unaf/ d;'l/ofdf cfwf 306f oftfoft ;fwfgx? /f]Sb} rSsf hfd u/]sf x'g . :yfgLo txsf] k'g{ ;+/rgf ubf{ cfkm\g} km/s cl:tTj / klxrfg /x]sf] d;'l/ofnfO{ rf}dfnf uf=la=;=df ufeL ;du| uf=la=;=sf] cl:tTjnfO{ g} s]Gb|af6} Ps nf}6L lg0f{o u/L cf]em]ndf kf/]sf] eGb} cfGbf]ng/t :yfgLox?n] cffh lbpF;f] la/f]wd'ns k|rf/ k|;f/ug]{ la/f]w sfo{s|d ;+3if{ ;ldltn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . ef]nL a'waf/ d;'l/of ahf/ aGb ;lxt @ 306f oftfoft aGb / hg;xeflutfdf cfd ;ef ug]{ sfo{s|d ;+3if{ ;ldltn] ;fa{hlgs u/]sf] ;+3if{ ;ldltsf ;+of]hs dbg/fh hf]zLn] atfPsf 5g .

;+3if{ ;ldltn] cfhu/]sf] la/f]w ;efdf af]Nb} g]kfnL sf+u|]; d;'l/of ufp+ sld6Lsf ;efklt lx/f l;x+ a8}nfn]               ;/sf/4f/f d;'l/ofsf] gfd lgzfg g} d]6\g] sfo{ ePsfn] ;Dk"0f{ d;'l/ofaf;L cfkm\gf] clwsf/sf nflu Ps l9Ssf eO{ nfUg' kg]{ atfPsf 5g . ;efklt a8}nfn] eg], …xfdLn] o;/L la/f]w gu/] /fHon] s'g} jf:tf / k|ltls|of lbb}g, d';l/ofsf] lg;fgf g} g/xg] u/L ;fg{ ;S5 . To;}n] d';'l/ofaf;L Psh'6 eP/ cfGbf]ng ug'{k5{ eGg] lg0f{o u¥of}+ To;}n] ef]nL km]/L @ 306f oftfoft aGb ug]{ ePsf 5f}+ .Ú ;fy} cfkm" / cfkm\gf] kf6L{ s8f eGbf s8f ;+3if{ ug{ td tof/ ?kdf /x]sf] klg a8}nfn] atfP .

o:t}, ;efdf af]Nb} gof+ zlQm kf6L{ g]kfnsf ejfgL lu/Ln] /fHon] cfkm"x?nfO{ lae]b ub}{ ;f}t]nL Aojxf/ u/]sf] x'gfn] cfkm"x? afWo eP/ cfGbf]ng ug{ nfu]sf] atfP . g]tf lu/Ln] eg], …xfdLn] hlt dfux?, cfjfhx? p7fPklg /fHon] sfgdf t]n xfn] h:t} u5{ . To;}n] ca t of] 7fpFsf] gfd} g/xg] u/L :yfgLo lgsfosf] k'g{;+/rgf ubf{ klxrfg g} gx'g] x'Fbf cfGbf]ng u/]/ cfkm\gf] clwsf/ NofP/} 5f]8\5f}+ .Ú

Pl;ofs} bf];|f] nfdf] emf]n'Ë] k'nsf] dd{t

;'b"/klZrddf /x]sf] g]kfn ef/t l;dfgf glhs dxfsfnL gbLdf /x]sf] Pl;ofs} bf];|f] nfdf] emf]n'Ë] k'nsf] dd{t sfo{ ;'? ePsf] 5 .

s]xL aif{ otf k'n hL0f{ aGb} uPkl5 ;:k]G;g a|Lh l8lehg sfof{nosf] nufgLdf dd{t sfo{ ;'? ul/Psf] xf] . uf]s'n]Zj/ lgdf{0f ;]jf bfr{'nfn] !) nfv ?k}ofFdf 7]Ssf lnP/ k'n dd{tsf] sfd ;'? u/]sf]  5 . k'nsf] dd{t sfo{ ! xKtfdf ;lsg] lgdf{0f ;]jfsf k|ltlglw pQds'df/ lji6n] hfgsf/L  lbP .

o;cl3 hL0f{ ag]sf] k'n dd{tsf nflu bf]wf/fsf :yfgLon] k6s–k6s 1fkgkq a'emfPsf lyP . t/ w]/} kl5 /fHon] s'/f ;'g]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .

nfdf] emf]n'Ë] k'n ePsf]n] aLr aLr efudf s]xL g6x? x/fpg'sf ;fy} ;l/of nufot s]xL ;fwg km]/abn ug{'kg]{ ePsf] 5 . lai6n] eg], …casf] Ps xKtf leq} k'/} k'n dd{t ul/;Sg] 5f}+ .Ú

laBfno cWoog k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs

8f]6L lhNnfsf ;fd'bflos laBfnosf] cj:yf cWoog k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 .

PS;g P8 OG6/g];gn g]kfn / ;d lasf; s]Gb| g]kfnsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf ;~rflnt u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|j4{g kl/of]hgf cGt/ut pQm cWoog ul/Psf] ;d lasf; s]Gb| 8f]6Lsf sfo{qmd ;+of]hs clw/fh la;Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . la;Lsf cg';f/ ;Defjgfo'Qm gd'gf 5gf}6 lalwsf] cfwf/df lhNnfsf !) ;fd'bflos laBfnox? 5gf}6 u/L pQm cWoog ul/Psf] lyof] . la;Ln] eg] …laBfnosf] at{dfg z}lIfs, ef}lts / cfly{s cj:yf s:tf] 5 eGg] jf/]df hfGgsf nflu of] cWoog ul/Psf] xf] .Ú pgn] o; cWoogn] cfufdL lbgx?df z}lIfs of]hgf jgfpgdf ;xof]u ug]{ laZjf; u/] .

cWoog k|ltj]bg cg';f/ cWoog If]qsf *) k|ltzt laBfnodf ef}lts cj:yf /fd|f] gePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . o:t} lzIfsx?sf] cefj /x]sf] laifout lzIfsx? gePsf] / tflndk|fKt lzIfsx?sf] sdL /x]sf] cWoogn] b]vfPsf] 5 . cWoog cg';f/ lzIfsx?sf] aflif{s cf}ift pkl:ylt lbg b'O{ ;o ^ /x]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 .

laBfnodf vfg]kfgLsf] ;d:of /x]sf], v]n d}bfg ePsf] h:tf ;d:ofx? cWoogn] cf}NofPsf] 5 . cWoog cg';f/ 5fqx?sf] t'ngfdf 5fqfx?sf] cf}ift pkl:ylt lbg sd ePsf] b]lvPsf] cWoogstf{ /fdx/L cf]emfn] k|:t't u/]sf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v 5 .

lalxjf/ Ps sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/ pQm k|ltjb]g ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L s[i0fk|;fb uf}tdn] k|ltj]bgn] lhNnfsf] lzIffsf] ;du| cj:yf emNsfPsf] jtfpFb} cfufdL lbgx?df lzIffsf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/sf nflu kxn ug'{ kg]{ jtfP . lhNnf lzIff ;ldltsf cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf uf}tdn] cWoog k|ltj]bgn] laBfnosf] cg'udg lkmtnf] ePsf] b]vfPsf]n] cg'dug k|efjsf/L jgfpg lhNnf lzIff sfof{nonfO{ lgb]{zg ;d]t lbP .

sfo{qmdsf lalzi7 cltly lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L cgGt s'df/ kf}8\ofnn] k|ltj]bgdf ;fd'bflos laBfnox?sf] cj:yf emNs]sf] ePklg cWoogsf p2]Zo / k|fKtLaLr tfnd]n gePsfn] p2]Zo / k|fKtLnfO{ ldnfpg' kg]{ jtfP . pgn] k|ltj]bgdf 7f]; ;'emfjx? cfpg' kg]{ / u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] e'ldsf klg cfpg' kg]{ jtfP . 

gful/s lagf g} ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ ;DkGg

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt aemfËsf] cfly{s jif{ )&# / )&$ sf] k|yd rf}dfl;s ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ sfo{qmd gful/ssf] pkl:ylt lag} ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

:yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L k|df]b l;+v8fsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf lhNnfdf /x]sf ljleGg ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v Pj+ k|ltlglw, lhNnfdf lqmoflzn /fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v Pj+ k|ltlglw, tyf kqsf/x?sf] dfq ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . rf}dfl;s k|ult k|lta]bg k|:t't u/]sf] eP klg sfo{qmddf pkef]Qmf tyf gful/ssf] ;xeflutf lyPg .

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] k6s—k6s ;"rgf k|;f/0f tyf k|sfzg u/]sf] eP klg :yfgLo afl;Gbf cg'kl:yt x'g' pgLx?sf] sdhf]/L ePsf] lhNnfsf hfgsf/x? atfpF5g .

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt aemfËn] k|yd rf}dfl;s k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmddf hDdf ah]6 ^( s/f]8 ^( nfv $& xhf/ & ;o ?k}ofFsf] @^ k|ltzt cyf{t hDdf !* s/f]8 @@ nfv ^$ xhf/ * ;o #^ ?k}ofF vr{ ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 .

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

;f+;b v8\sf4f/f ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f

8f]6L lhNnfaf6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{ dfglgo ;f+;b e/t axfb'/ v8\sfn] Aoj:yflksf ;+;bdf ;f]daf/sf] a}7sdf :yfgLo tyf /fli6«o ;d:ofsf af/]df ;bg / ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf 5g .

ef/tn] ! xhf/ / % ;osf gf]6 sf/f]af/df k|ltjGw nufP;+u} laz]z u/L ;'b"/ klZrd]nLx?sf] b}lgsL c;xh aGb} uPsf] eGb} ;f+;b v8\sfn]  ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf x'g . ;f]daf/ ;+;b a}7ssf] z'Go ;dodf af]Nb} ;f+;b v8\sfn] ef/t ;/sf/n]              ef/tLo ?k}ofF % ;o / Ps xhf/sf] gf]6 k|ltaGw nufpFbf g]kfnsf] ljleGg If]qsf gful/s k|efljt ePsf] atfP  .

tTsfn ef/t ;/sf/;Fu s'/f u/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;f+;b v8\sf ;/sf/nfO{ cfu|x u/] . ;f+;b v8\sfn] eg],                  …;/sf/n] s"6gLlts kxndfkm{t ef/tLo ?k}ofFsf] ljifodf plAhPsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ / g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ /fxt lbg tTsfn kxn ug'{k5{ .Ú

ef/tLo gf]6df k|ltaGw nfu]sf] Ps ;ftf x'g} nfUbf ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos kxn gubf{ dWo tyf ;'b"/klZrdsf gful/s pGof]ndf k/]sf 5g .

klRr; xhf/ ef/tLo ?k}ofF;Dd ;f6\g ;lsg] elgP klg cem} lg0f{o gx'bf a}Íx?n] ;f6\g dfg]sf 5}gg . To;}n]              ;/sf/n] rfF8f] eGbf rfF8f] ef/t ;/sf/;+u kxn ug'{kg]{df ;f+;b v8\sfn] hf]8 lbPsf  5g .

v]n ;dfrf/

kmfOgndf g]kfnn] dsfp k|ltåGåL kfof]

cgnfOgva/

PPkm;L ;f]ln8fl/6L sksf] kmfOgndf g]kfnn] dsfp k|ltåGåL kfPsf] 5 .

g]kfn nfcf];nfO{ 6fOa|]s/df #–) n] x/fpFb} kmfOgndf k'u]sf] 5 . /, csf]{ ;]ldkmfOgndf dsfpn] a|gfO{nfO{ 6fOa|]s/d} %–$ n] x/fPsf] 5 .

o;cl3 lgwf{lt ;dosf] v]ndf A?gfO{n] klxnf] xfkmdf cu|{tf lnPsf]  lyof] . t/, bf];|f] xfkmdf dsfp a/fa/L uf]n kmsf{pg ;kmn eof] .

() ldg]6sf] v]n !–! sf] a/fa/Ldf ;lsPkl5 ylkPsf] #) ldg]6df klg b'a} 6f]nLn] uf]n ug{ ;s]gg\ / v]n 6fOa|]s/df uof] .

6fOa|]s/df dsfpsf ;a} v]nf8Ln] uf]n ubf{ A?gfO{sf b'O{ v]nf8Lsf] k|xf/ ljkIfL uf]n/Ifsn] /f]s]sf lyP .

kf]r{'un / a]lNhod ljhoL

gful/s b}lgs

ln:ag–ljZjsk 5gf]6 r/0f cGt{ut cfOtaf/ /flt ;DkGg v]ndf kf]r{'un / a]lNhod ljhoL ePsf 5g\ . ;d"x la cGt{utsf] v]ndf kf]r{'unn] nflTeofnfO{ $–! uf]n cGt/n] k/flht u/]sf] xf] .  kf]r{'unsf] lhtdf p;sf sKtfg lqml:6ofgf] /f]gfN8f]n] v]nsf] @* cf}+ ldg]6df k]gfN6Ldfkm{t uf]n ub}{ cfˆgf] 6f]nLnfO{ klxnf] xfkmdf !–) sf] cu|tf lbnfPsf lyP .

^& cf}+ ldg]6df nflTeofsf h'lhG;n] uf]n ub}{ v]nnfO{ !–! uf]nsf] a/fa/Ldf NofPsf lyP . t/ To;sf] b'O{ ldg]6kl5 g} kf]r{'unsf sf{jfnf]n] uf]n ub}{ cfˆgf] 6f]nLnfO{ @ sf] cu|tf lbnfPsf lyP . To:t} /f]gfN8f]n] v]nsf] *% cf}+ tyf a{'gf] cfNe];n] cltl/Qm ;dosf] bf];|f] ldg]6df uf]n ubf{ kf]r{'unn] $–! sf] ;xh lht xft kf/]sf] lyof] .

;d"x la cGt{utsf] csf]{ v]ndf l:jh/Nof08n] k|mf]gf] cfO;Nof08nfO{ @–) n] k/flht u/]sf] 5 . o; lht;Fu} kf]r{'un ( c+s;lxt ;d"xsf] bf];|f] :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 eg] l:jh/Nof08 ;d"xsf] zLif{ :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 .

uP /flt ;DkGg ;d"x Pr cGtu{tsf] v]ndf a]lNhodn] O:6f]lgofnfO{ *–! uf]nsf] ef/L cGt/n] k/flht u/]sf] 5 .

rnlrq÷dgf]/~hg

;ndfg / o'lnofsf] a|]sck

cgnfOgva/

alnp8 cleg]tf ;ndfg vfg / /f]dflgofnL ;'Gb/L o'lnof jGt'/ lar a|]sck ePsf] xNnf 5 . ef/tLo ldl8ofn] pNn]v u/] cg';f/ cfpbf] !* gf]e]Da/df lax]sf] tof/Ldf /x]sf ;ndfgsf] o;kfnL klg laafxsf] ;Defjgf 6/]sf] 5 .

;]K6]Da/df leiff ;lsPkl5 /f]dflgof kmls{PsL o'lnof clxn] ;ndfgsf] ;Dks{df 5}gg\ . s]lx ;do ;ndfg / o'lnof;+u} b]lvb} cfPsf lyP . Pc/kf]6{ dfq} x}g sltko sfo{qmddf ;d]t ;ndfg o'lnof;+u} ;xefuL x'Gy] . Tolt dfq} x}g o'lnofsf] hGdlbgsf] kf6L{ ;d]t ;ndfgn] cfof]hgf u/]sf lyP .

cfk;L c;dembf/L a9]kl5 pgLx? 5'l6\Psf] atfO{P klg ;nfdfgn] o; ljifodf cf}krfl/s k|ltlqmof lbPsf 5}gg\ .

aGg] eof] …lbn ljrf/fÚ

sf7df08f}df Ps sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{ gofF rnlrq …lbn ljrf/fÚsf] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . lgb]{zs /~hLt /fgf du/sf] lgb]{zgdf aGg nfu]sf] of] rnlrqdf tDef]sf] nufgL  /xg]5 .

rnlrqsf lgb]{zs /fgfsf cg';f/ rf/}lt/ v'zL ePsf] dg lglZrt laGb'df cfO{k'Ubf s:tf] ;d:ofdf k5{ eGg]             s'/fnfO{ rnlrqdf b]vfOg]5 .

rnlrqdf ne, PS;g, sd]8LnfO{ ld>0f ul/Psf] 5 . rnlrqdf holszg a:g]t, l;h{gf e§/fO{, ;~h' l;njfn, /fh]G› rf}nfufO{, t]hf P]/, dx]z hf]zL, s';'d >]i7, /]Zdf du/, d's]z vltj8f, ;~ho dxh{g / lbg]z zdf{sf] clego /xg]5 .

dbg tfd|fsf/ sfo{sf/L lgdf{tf /x]sf] rnlrqnfO{ pg}n] n]v]sf x'g\ . df3af6 5fof+sgdf hfg] rnlrqdf 6+s a'9fyf]sLsf] ;+uLt, z+s/ dxh{gsf] PS;g, lzj jLssf] g[To / lbJo ;'j]bLsf] 5fof+sg /xg] ePsf] 5 .

n]v

nf]stGqsf] cfj/0fdf pbfPsf df]bL / 6«Dk

;~hLj kf]v/]n

cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«ktLo lgjf{rg glhlsFb} hfFbf ef/tdf lxGb'jfbLx¿n] 6«Dksf] ljhosf nflu k"hf cr{gf u/]sf ;dfrf/x¿ cfP . 6«Dk :jo+n] klg cfkm" lxGb" wd{ / df]bLsf] …ˆofgÚ ePsf] atfO/x]s} lyP .

lxGb" cltjfbLsf] 6«Dk k|]d / 6«Dksf] lxGb'Tj df]x ;+of]udfq gxf]nfg\ . oL b'O{ k|j[lQdf s]xL /f]rs ;dfgtf 5g\ . 

b'O{ jif{cl3 g/]G› df]bL ef/L dtn] ef/tsf] k|wfgdGqL rog x'Fbf ;dsflng ljZjsf] Pp6f ha/h:t k|j[lQ d'vl/t ePsf] xf] . …k'/fgf]Ú cEof; / k/Dk/f km]g]{, cfly{s ;d[l4nfO{ ;jf]{k/L nIo agfpg], ;fdflhs ;+/rgfsf hl6ntfdf ge'Ng] / ljsf; jf ;d[l4sf] nIodf cj/f]w ug]{x¿nfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{ afrfx¿df df]bLn] hgdt cfˆgf] kIfdf kf/] .

lasf;sf] nf]enfUbf] ;kgfsf] d"Nodf ef/tsf] uf}/jsf ¿kdf :yflkt k/:k/ ;Ddfg, efOrf/f, ;lxi0f'tf, ;dfj]lztf / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff cf]em]ndf  k/] . ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts jf cfly{s ;a} If]qdf hl6n ljljwtfn] el/Psf] d'n'ssf hgtf tL ;a}nfO{ la;]{/ df]bLsf] b]znfO{ wgL agfpg] gf/fsf] kl5 nfu] . df]bLn] r'gfj lht] . ef/t ;Lldt wgf9\osf] rË'ndf k'Uof] .

lgjf{lrt ePkl5 ef/tn] si6k"j{s bzsf}F nufP/ cfh{g u/]sf ;Eotf / ;+:s[ltsf w/f]x/nfO{ df]bLn] Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ cfqmd0f u/] . ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ;/sf/sf] k|fyldstfdf k/]g . ul/a ls;fg, >lds, cflbjf;L / dlxnfsf] ;'/Iffdf /fHo uDeL/ ePg . cfkm"nfO{ r'gf}tL lbg] ljkIfL / ;+;bsf k|ltkIfL dfly ;/sf/ c;lxi0f' aGof] . ;/sf/sf sdL sdhf]/L s]nfpg] / ;r]t u/fpg] k|];nfO{ ;/sf/n] ls t bafadf /fv]sf] 5 ls t lslglbPsf] 5 . pgsf dxTjfsf+IfL afrfx¿ …h'dnfÚ dfq ePsf] cf/f]k ljkIfLx¿n] ;fgf] t/ ;zQm ¿kdf nufO/x]sf 5g\ .

ax';+Vos lxGb'sf] dg lhTg df]bLn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] of]uf lbj; jf ljb]zLnfO{ uLtf pkxf/ lbPsf] ;dfrf/ ldl8ofdf 5fO/xFbf ls;fg, cflbjf;L, blnt, dlxnf, d';ndfg / cNk;+Vos ;d'bfon] v]lk/x]sf] a9\bf] c;'/Iff / cjx]ngf rrf{sf] ljifoj:t' aGb}g . lxGb" cltjfbLx¿åf/f ufO{ vfPsf] cf/f]kdf d'l:nd dfly ePsf cfqmd0f jf blnt dlxnfdfly a9\bf] ¿kdf x'g] u/]sf anfTsf/sf 36gfnfO{ of]uf / uLtfsf  ;dfrf/n] 9kSs} 9flslbPsf 5g\ .

df]bLn] 3/dfq lauf/]sf 5}gg\ . l5d]s;Fusf] ;DaGwdf klg cfuf] nufPsf 5g\ . g]kfnn] ef]u]sf] cdfgjLo gfsfaGbL t ;fgf] pbfx/0fdfq xf]nf . glhssf l5d]sL kfls:tfg / a+ufnfb]z;Fusf] ef/tsf] ;DaGw /;ftndf k'u]sf] 5 .

df]bL ef/tsf nflu ;xL g]tf xf]Ogg\ eGg] ;r]t / a'l4hLjL ef/taf;LnfO{ r'gfjsf] ;dodf yfxf gePsf] xf]Og . oBkL, nf]stflGqs d'n'sx¿df Pp6f uhasf] t/ vt/gfs k|j[lQn] h/f ufl8/x]sf] 5 . cfk;L ;b\efj, ;lxi0f'tf, ;dfj]lztf / ;fdflhs ;'/Iffk|lt cfd dflg;sf] rf;f] / ljZjf; 36]sf] 5 . dflg;x¿ cfˆgf] /f]huf/L, cfˆgf] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff, cfˆgf] ;Ddfg rfxG5g\ .

of] k|j[lQnfO{ /fd|/L a'em]sf cj;/jfbL g]tf hgdt cfˆgf] kIfdf kfg{ ;kmn x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ . r'gfjsf] a]nf t emg\ ;+Vofsf] u0fgfdf ljj]s k/flht aGb} uPsf] 5 . 8f]gfN8 6«Dk kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f x'g ;S5g\ .

cd]l/sfsf ;d:of / ToxfFsf dflg;sf] dgf]bzf g]kfndf a;]/ cg'dfg ug{ ;lhnf] 5}g . 8f]gfN8 6«Dkdfly cd]l/sL hgtfn] b]vfPsf] ljZjf;sf lglZrt cfwf/ cjZo 5g\ . oBkL cNk;+Vos wfld{s ;d'bfo, cfk|jf;L / dlxnfk|lt 6«Dksf b[li6sf]0fn] pgsf] g]t[Tjdf cd]l/sfsf] ;'vb\ / ;Gt'lnt eljiosf] ;+s]t ub}{gg\ .

6«Dksf] ljho nf]stflGqs k2ltsf lglDt Pp6f r'gf}tL klg xf] .

/fHo / gfkmfd"ns sDkgLsf aLrdf tflTjs leGgtf 5 . gfkmfd"ns sDkgLsf] Wo]o gfkmf sdfpg] / Joj;fo lj:tf/ ug]{ xf] . /fHosf] p2]Zo cfly{s ;d[l4 a9fpg] dfq xf]Og . ;d[l4sf] k|ltkmn ;a}n] ;dfg ¿kdf kfpmg\ eGg] ;'lglZrt ug]{ klg xf] . h'g /fHon] sdhf]/, cNk;Î\os / ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfosf] ;'/IffnfO{ cfˆgf] d"n p2]Zoleq ;dflxt ub}{g / zlQmzfnL jf ax';+Vossf] rf;f]nfO{ dfq ;+/If0f ug{ rfxG5 To:tf] /fHonfO{ nf]stflGqs eGg ldNb}g .

b]z / hg;+Vof 7"nf] ePkl5 lhl8kLsf] cfsf/ To;} klg 7"nf] x'G5 . a9\b} klg hfG5 . /fHosf] 9's'6L 7"nf] ePkl5 ;/sf/n] !÷@ ;o 7"nf xfOj] agfpF5, n8fs' ljdfg lsG5, l5d]sLdfly wfjf af]N5 / cfd dflg;nfO{ b]z wgL / alnof] ePsf] cfefif lbg vf]H5 .

oBkL b]z wgL jf alnof] Tof] a]nfdf x'G5 ha ToxfFsf dflg;n] ;dfg ¿kdf cj;/ / ;'/Iff kfpF5g\ . 6«Dk jf df]bLsf] /fhgLlts cfbz{leq cNk;+Vosk|ltsf] ;Ddfg / pgLx¿sf] ;'/Iffsf nflu s'g} 7fpF 5}g .

cfˆgf] d'n'sleqsf lglZrt ju{ jf ;d'bfosf] lxtnfO{ s]G›df /fVg] 8f]gfN8 6«Dksf] g]t[Tjsf gsf/fTds k|efj ljZj:t/df klg b]lvg;Sg] alnof] ;Defjgf 5 .

cfhsf] ljZjsf r'gf}tL s'g} Ps b]zsf ;Ldfgfleq s}b 5}gg\ . h;/L hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf  sf/0f / kl/0ffdn] b]zsf ;Ldfgf lrGb}gg\ To;}u/L cfly{s ;fdflhs c;dfgtfsf ;+/rgf klg b]zsf ;Ldfgf kf/ u/]/ km}lnPsf 5g\ . t;y{, b]z alnof] / wgL agfpF5' eGg] ljsl;t b]zsf d'n'ssf] g]t[Tjsf] cGt/fli6«o :t/df klg lglZrt lhDd]jf/L 5 .

lhDd]jf/Lsf] k|s[lt jf o;sf] Joj:yfkgsf] z}nL g]tf cg';f/ km/s xf]nf, t/ ljsl;t b]zsf g]tfn] …dnfO{ ljZjsf] rf;f] 5}g, cfˆgf] b]znfO{ alnof] agfpF5'Ú eGg' u}/–lhDd]jf/L / a]OdfgL xf] . oxL ;f]r xfaL x'g hfFbf ax';+Vos a]nfotL hgtfn] hgdt ;+u|xdf o'/f]k]nL ;+3af6 aflx/ lgl:sg] kIfdf dt xfn] . 8f]gfN8 6«Dkn] ;'/Iff / ljsf; ;xof]usf gfddf ljb]z hfg] k};f b]zleq vr{ ug]{ ;+sNk ul/;s]sf 5g\ . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|efjnfO{ t 6«Dkn] …xfjf ukmÚ elg;s]sf 5g\ .

aL;f}F ztfAbL;Dd /fHo Joj:yfnfO{ lrq0f ug]{ qmddf lg/+s'ztf / nf]stGq eGg] k/:k/ lj/f]wL b'O{ zAbx¿sf] ;xf/f lng] rng lyof] . PSsfO;f}F ztfAbLsf] klxnf] bzs laTg nfUbf oL zAbx¿ PsfPs ckof{Kt aGb}5g\ . ;dsfnLg cg'ejn] s] b]vfO/x]sf] 5 eg] xfdLn] nf]stGq eg]/ ;Ddfg u/]sf] k2lt t yfx} gkfO{ lg/+s'z x'g ;Sg] /x]5, lg/+s'z t To;} lg/+s'z eOxfn] .

dfS;{jfb jf To;df cf:yf /fVg] ;dfhzf:qLx¿ eGg] u5{g\ g]t[Tj JolQm dfq xf]Og . lglZrt ;fdflhs w/ftn jf ef}lts j:t'l:yltdf lglZrt g]t[Tjsf] hGd x'G5 . jf:tjdf df]bL jf 6«Dksf] pbosf k5fl8 ;dsfnLg ljZjsf lglZrt kl/l:yltx¿ lhDd]jf/ 5g\ . o:tf kl/l:yltsf] ;Daf]wg ug{ nf]stflGqs ;+:yf jf g]t[Tj ;kmn x'g ;s]gg\ . kl/0ffd:j¿k df]bL jf 6«Dksf] g]t[Tj xfjL x'gk'Uof] .

of] /f]u g]kfndf klg g;nf{ eGg ;lsGg .

df]bL jf 6«Dks} z}nLdf gofF cfe"if0fdf ;lhPsf s]xL k'/fgf / c;kmn g]tf …c¿ s'/f 5f]8f}F, ljsf;sf s'/f u/f}FÚ eg]/ hgdt cfˆgf] kIfdf kfg]{ bfpdf 5g\ . ljsf;nfO{ ;jf]{k/L nIo agfpg] nf]enfUbf] ;t{df cfkm"nfO{ gofF vfnsf] zlQm eg]/ bfaL ug]{x¿n] ljsf;nfO{ lghL sDkgLsf] Joj;fo h:tf] u/]/ JofVof ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;'/Iff jf ;d[l4nfO{ /fhgLltaf6 cnUofpg] ef/t / cd]l/sfdf ;Ns]sf] /f]u g]kfndf klg km}ng ;S5 . ;a} xf]l;of/ x'g cfjZos 5 .

lxhf] g]kfnl:yt cd]l/sL b"tfjf;n] ;efd'v cf]g;/L 3tL{nufot s]xL g]kfnLx¿nfO{ af]nfP/     cd]l/sfdf eO/x]sf] dtu0fgfsf] k|;f/0f b]vfof] . p;sf] p2]Zo t cd]l/sfsf] nf]stflGqs lgjf{rgsf af/]df g]kfnLnfO{ hfgsf/ u/fpg] lyof] . t/, k|ToIf k|;f/0f x]g]{x¿n] eg] ;Dejt ToxfF nf]stflGqs k|lqmofaf6} nf]stGqsf d"ne"t dfGotf / cfbz{ k/flht ePsf] b]v] .

8f]gfN8 6«Dksf] ljhon] nf]stGq / nf]stflGqs lgjf{rgk|lt cfd dflg;sf] ljt[i0ff k}bf gu/f];\ . clxn]nfO{ xfdL ;a}nfO{ oxL z'esfdgf Û  

df]km;n kqsfl/tf

kqsfl/tf ;dfhnfO{ ;';"lrt ug]{ k]zf xf] .

;latf lh;L -;+afbbftf_

;'v]{t klxrfg b}lgs, ;'v]{t

tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/ro kfpF g <

— gd:t] d ;ljtf lh;L . 7]ufgf n]vufpF ufla; ;'v]{t . ljut ! jif{b]lv kqsfl/tf If]qdf /x]/ sfd ub}{ cfO{/x]sL 5' . / clxn] ;'v]{tsf] jL/]Gb|gu/af6 k|sflzt x'b} cfPsf] ;'v]{t klxrfg b}lgsdf ;+jfbbftfsf] ?kdf sfd ul//x]sL 5' . /  lzIff kqsf/ ;d"x ;'v]{tsf] ;lrj kbdf klg sfo{/t 5' .

tkfO{n] lsg kqsfl/tf k]zf /f]Hg' eof] <

— ;dfhsf ;'zf;g / s'zf;gnfO{ aflx/ NofP/ cfdhgdf;sf dfem n}hfgsf nflu d o; If]qdf k|a]z u/]sL x'F . hf] JolQm cGofo / cTofrf/df k/]/ lx+;f ;xg afWo 5 To:tf JolQmnfO{ Gofo lbgsf nflu d kqsfl/tf k]zfdf cfa4 ePsL 5' .

s:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <

— d ;'?df kqsfl/tf If]qdf cfpFbf ;a} kqsfl/tf Pp6} xf] h:t} nfUYof] t/ kl5 cfP/ yfxf eof] ls kqsfl/tf leq klg km/s—km/s If]q x'Fbf /x]5g\ . To;kl5 d}n] kqsfl/tfdf lzIff If]qnfO{ cfkm\gf] ?lrsf] ljifo agfP/ cufl8 al9/x]sL 5' . clxn] klg ;dfrf/x? n]VgnfO{ t ;a} If]qsf n]lvG5 t/ klg ?lr / ljz]if sfo{ If]q eg]sf] lzIffsf ljifodf ;dfrf/ n]Vg ?lr nfU5 / clxn] lzIff If]qnfO{ g} cfkm\gf] kqsfl/tfsf] la6 agfP/ sfd ul//x]sL 5' .

kqsfl/tfdf t w]/} ;d:ofx? 5g eG5g lg, s:tf vfnsf ;d:ofx? kfpg' eof] <

— d}n] kqsfl/tfsf] If]qdf cfP/ cg'e"lt u/]sf] Pp6f k|d'v ;d:of cl3Nnf] lk+9Ln] kl5NNff] lk+9LnfO{ Tolt jf:tf gug'{ xf] . o;nfO{ d}n] kqsfl/tf If]qsf] Pp6f ;d:ofsf] ?kdf lnPsL 5' . cu|hx?n] Pp6f s] s'/f a'em\g'x'Gg eg] lxhf] xfdL klg ToxL :yfgaf6 of] :yfg;Dd cfO{k'u]sf xf}+ . h'g :yfgdf cfh xfd|f efO{alxgLx? 5g\ . / csf]{ ;d:of s] 5 eg] /fhgLlts lx;fan] kqsf/x?nfO{ ljleGg cj;/x?af6 al~rt ug]{ ul/G5 . clg kfl/>ldssf] s'/f klg ;~rf/ If]qsf] nflu s'g} gf}nf] ;d:of xf]O{g, h'g ljutsf kqsf/x?n] klg ef]Ub} cfPsf lyP, xfdLn] ef]Ub} cfO/x]sf 5f}F . cGo If]qsf] t'ngfdf sd kf/L>lds / ToxL kfl/>lds klg ;dod} gkfpg' ;~rf/ If]qsf ;d:ofsf ?kdf b]V5' .

df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf t of] eGbf klg a9L ;d:ofx? 5g eGg] ul/G5 lg <

— xf] ;d:of t d'nwf/ clg df]km;n h'g :yfgdf klg plQs} 5g\, km/s olt xf] ls df]km;ndf cln k[ys clg a];L ;d:of 5g\ . s'g}s'g} ldl8of xfp;x?n] kqsf/nfO{ ;dodf lgo'lQm glbg], dfu]sf] ;dodf labf glbg] h:tf ;d:ofx? klg ;~rf/ If]qdf JofKt ;d:ofx? x'g\ . Pp6f kqsf/ s'g} sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'G5 clg lbge/L l/kf]l6Ësf] Jo:ttfn] ubf{ vfhf vfg] ;do klg x'Fb}g t/ hlt sfddf vl6of] To;sf] klRr; k|ltzt klg kf/L>lds kfOb}g . of] b'Mv nfUbf] s'/f 5  . df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ clwsf+z kqsf/sf] kL8f k|foM o:t} xg\ .

df]km;n} ePklg dWoklZrdf~rn lasf; If]q jL/]Gb|gu/, ;'v]{t lhNnfdf kqsfl/tfsf] lasf; slQsf] ePsf] 5 < / o; lhNnfdf c? lhNnfsf] eGbf a9L ;d:ofx? s] s:tf 5g < 

— ;'v]{tL kqsfl/tfsf] If]qdf lasf;sf] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] lasf; klg ePs} 5 . t/ klg d oxfFsf] kqsfl/tfdf Tolt u'0f:t/Lotf / km/skg b]lVbg . k|b]z gDa/ ^ sf] ;Defljt /fhwfgLsf] ?kdf ;'v]{tsf] kqsfl/tf If]qnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] /fd|f] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 t/ klg To; cg';f/sf] lasf; x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . lbg k|ltlbg ;~rf/dfWodx? v'Ng] qmd al9/x]sf] 5 h;n] ubf{ sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf] klg sdL x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . oxfFsf] ;~rf/ dfWod u'0f:t/Lotf eGbf klg k|sfzg / k|;f/0fdf dfq} Wofg lbPsf]  kfO{G5 . 

df]km;n kqsfl/tfsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s:tf lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{ <

— df]km;nsf] kqsfl/tfsf kqsf/x?sf] Ifdtfsf nflu ;/sf/n] ;xof]u ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . clej[l4df hf]8 lbg'kg]{ x'G5 . clg Go'gtd kfl/>lds nfu'ug]{ / lglZrt k/LIff kf; u/]/ dfq} o; If]qdf cfpg] lgod agfpg' cfjZos 5 . kqsfl/tf k]zfnfO{ dof{lbt / Jojl:yt agfpgsf nflu sfo{of]hgf Nofpg'k5{ . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] ;d]t cfˆgf] e"ldsfnfO{ yk Jojl:yt / ;'wf/ u/]/ cuf8L a9\g'k5{ . To;f] u/] kqsfl/tf If]qsf] lasf; x'g] ;+efjgf a9L b]lvG5 .

tkfO{ cfkm+} klg o; ut aif{b]lv sfd ub}{ x'g'x'G5, df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] slQsf]  e"ldsf v]n]sf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

— df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?s} nflu eg]/ To:tf] km/s / ljz]if sfo{qmdx? dxf;+3n] NofPsf] h:tf] t dnfO nfUb}g  . t/klg xfdLnfO{ k/]sf ;d:ofx?df ;xof]u u/]s} 5 . clxn] ul//x]sf] eGbf klg cem}F yk sfdx? ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

;~rf/sdL{x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?n] df]km;n kqsf/sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu s:tf] e"ldsf v]n]sf] kfpg'x'G5 <

— a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?n] kqsf/sf kL8fx?df ;xof]u ub}{gg\ eGg] t 5b}F 5}g t/ klg xfd|f ;d:ofx?df ;xof]u ug]{ eg]sf] t d'Vo u/L d}n] b]v]sf] dxf;+3 g} xf] . o:tf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?n] cfk\mgf] ;+u7gsf] kqsf/nfO{ s'g} ;d:of kbf{ ;fdfGotof lj1lKtx? t lgsfN5g\ t/klg Tolt rf;f] lbP/ kqsf/sf] Gofosf nflu a'nGb ?kdf cfjfh p7fPsf] d}n] cg'ej u/]sf] 5}g . jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] a}rfl/s ;+u7gx? Tolt lqmofzLn klg 5}gg\ . ljz]if cj:yfdf afx]s a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?sf] rrf{ ;'lgb}g .

tkfOsf] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <

— d]/f] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf ;dfhnfO{ ;'–;"lrt ug]{ Pp6f If]q xf] . kqsfl/tf If]qdf hlt sfd ul/G5 Tolt yk s'/fx? l;Sg afFsL g} x'G5g\ h:tf] nfU5 . d}n] kqsfl/tfnfO{ Pp6f o:tf] If]qsf] ?kdf x]/]sL 5', h'g If]qdf slt s'/f l;Sg] eGg] s'g} ;Ld} 5}g . h'g s'/fx? slxNo} klg l;s]/ ;lsb}g . n}lËs lae]b gePsf] zAb …kqsf/Ú clg …kqsfl/tfÚ of] cfkm}+df dxTjk"0f{ / ;To tYok/s x'G5 . oxL k]zfn] ubf{ ;dfhsf cGo JolQmx?sf] eGbf km/s klxrfg lbG5 . Pp6f kqsf/n] h'g;'s} ;sf/fTds jf ;dfhdf ePsf ljs[lt / lj;+ultsf] cfjfh af]N5 clg n]V5 . ;Dk"0f{ ;dfhsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ k]zf g} kqsfl/tf xf] .

slt sdfpg' eof] t kqsfl/tf k]zfaf6 <

— xfxfxf olb s;}n] klg dnfO{ tkfO{n] kqsfl/tfaf6 s] sdfpg' eof] eg]/ ;f]Wg'x'G5 eg] d Pp6} hjfkm lbG5' Tof] xf], gfd . n]Vg] / af]Ng] Ifdtf gePsf] s'g} klg JolQm kqsfl/tfdf cfpFb}g, olb cfpF5 eg] Tof] JolQm kqsfl/tfdf w]/} lbg l6Sg ;Sb}g . xfdLn] cfkm\gf] IfdtfnfO{ cfkm}F j[l4 u¥of}F eg] kqsfl/tf If]qdf xfd|f] klxrfg klg aGb} hfG5 . ca kqsfl/tfaf6 s] sdfOof] / slt sdfOof] eGbf klg d}n] o; If]qdf u/]sf sfdaf6 ;dfhdf s] kl/jt{g cfof] t eGg] s'/f dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . sltko cj:yfdf cfkm"n] n]v]sf ;dfrf/x?n] ;dfhdf 7"n} kl/jt{g cfO{lbG5, kLl8tn] Gofo kfpF5 clg ck/fwLn] ;hfo kfpF5 . To;}df uj{ nfU5 . clg h'g lt Gofo kfpg] kLl8t x'g\ ltgLx?n] lgM:jfy{ ?kdf wGojfb lbG5g\ . Tof] lgM:jfy{ ?kdf lbPsf] wGojfb sdfO{G5 . ca wGojfbn] dfq} hLjg rNb}g o;;Fu} kqsfl/tfaf6 u'hf/f ug{;Dd k};f sdfO{G5 . of] g} sdfPsL 5' .

g]kfnsf] kqsfl/tf If]q lbgk|ltlbg ab\gfldt x'Fb} uPsf] 5, kf7s ju{n] ;dfrf/sf] laZjf;gLotfk|lt k|Zg p7fpg yfn]sf 5g, ;~rf/sdL{x? klg u}/ sfg'gL lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg ePsf 5g eGg] cf/f]k klg nfUg yfn]sf] 5, tkfO{nfO{ s] nfU5 / tkfFO{sf] If]qlt/ s:tf] 5 <

— kSs} klg kl5Nnf] ;do ;~rf/ dfWod k|lt lbgfg'lbg kf7sx?af6 gsf/fTds k|Zg / l6Kk0fLx? a9\b} uPsf 5g\ . xfd|f] jL/]Gb|gu/df klg o;sf] k|efj b]lvPs} 5 . sltko cj:yfdf cgfjZos ?kdf l6Kk0fL klg x'G5g\ / o:tf cgfjZos ?kdf x'g] l6Kk0fLx?nfO{ :jefljs ?kdf lng'k5{ eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . ca ulNt u/]/ l6Kk0fL ePsf] cj:yfdf cfkm\gf uNtLx?nfO{ ;'wfb}{} n}hfgsf nflu ;~rf/dfWox?sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xG5 . hf] JolQm k"0f{

?kdf cGo k]zfdf cfj4 /x]/ kqsfl/tfnfO{ ahf/df lasfpg] k]zfsf ?kdf k|of]u ul//x]sf x'G5g\ To:tf JolQmx?n] u/]sf g/fd|f sfdx?n] ubf{ ;Rrf kqsf/x?nfO{ klg ToxL bhf{df /flvPsf] 5 .

tkfO{ t nfUg' ef 5}gg\ xf]nf lg o:tf s'/fdf <

— ca tkfO{n] elgxfNg' ef], d}n] eGg}k5{ cfh;Dd o:tf] ul/Pg / kqsfl/tf If]qdf /x'Gh]n ul/g] klg 5}g .

o;df ;'wf/sf nflu s] ug{' k5{ h:tf] nfU5 <

— ;j{k|yd t o;sf] ;'wf/sf nflu kqsfl/tf zAbdf cfkm\gf] gfd hf]8]/ kqsfl/tfsf dfWodaf6 dfuL vfg] u}/–kqsf/x?sf] cGTo x'g'k5{ . ha;Dd To:tf u}/kqsf/x? kqsfl/tfdf /lx/G5g\ ta;Dd xfdLh:tf kqsfl/tfnfO{ g} cfkm\gf] d'Vo k]zf agfP/ sfd ul//x]sfx? cf]em]ndf kg'{k5{ . clg dxf;+3sf] ;b:otf ljt/0fdf klg lg:kIftf sfod x'g' Psbd} cfjZostf 5 . sltko cj:yfdf s] 5 eg] cfkm\gf dtbftf a9fpgsf nflu u}/kqsf/nfO{ klg dxf;+3sf] ;b:otf lbg] ul/Psf] 5 of] sfd tTsfn aGb ul/g'k5{ .

df]km;n kqsfl/tf If]qdf ;'wf/sf nflu tkfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ s] ;'emfj lbg rfxfg'x'G5 <

— ;/sf/n] kqsf/sf] Go'gtd kfl/>dLs ;DaGwL lgodnfO{ sfuhd} ;Lldt g/fvf]; EfGg] d]/f] ;'emfj 5 . / l56f]eGbf l56f] sfof{Gjodf Nofcf]; eGg rfxfG5' . kqsfl/tf If]qdf cfpgsf nflu h'g k/LIff kf; ug'{kg]{ s'/f 5 lg of] rfFxL l56f] eGbf l56f] nfu' ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . k/LIff kf; u/]/ dfq} o; If]qdf cfpg] lgod aGof] eg] dnfO{ nfU5 kqsf/Ltf If]qdf x'g] clwsf+z gsf/fTds l6Kk0fLx? sd eP/ hfG5g\ .

cGTodf eGg} kg]{ s'g} s'/f 5'6] h:tf] nfu]sf] 5 ls <

— oxL ;dfhdf kqsf/sf] gfddf s/f}8f+} 7uL ug]{ klg 5}gg\ eGg ;lsb}g . k]zfsf] b'?kof]u ug]{nfO{ ;dfhsf hf];'s} gful/sn] klg va/bf/L ug{';Sg'k5{ . t/ klg Pshgf kqsf/n] uNtL u¥of] eGb}df l;+uf] kqsfl/tf hutnfO{ cf/f]k nufpg cln plrt x'Fb}g . h:tf] ;'s} hf]lvd df]n]/ klg xfdL kqsf/x? ;'rgfsf] nflu ;DalGwt 7fpFdf k'u]s} x'G5f}}F, t/ pQm :yfgdf kqsf/nfO{ ul/g] Jojxf/df cln lrQ ga'em\bf] x'G5 . xfdL hlxn] cGo If]qsf] af/]df dfq} cfjfh af]N5f}F t/ sltko cj:yfdf xfd|f b'v Joyf af]nLlbg] sf]xL x'b}g . kl5Nnf] ;dodf kqsfl/tfdf k|j]z kfPsf] /fhgLltn] klg :jtGqtfnfO{ c;/ k'¥ofPsf] 5 . kqsf/sf] lqmoflzntf eGbf klg ;+u7gsf] alnof] eP/ pleg'n] klg ;dfhdf kqsf/ geP/ sfo{stf{sf] ?kdf b]Vg] dfG5]x?sf] ;+Vof aflSnb} 5 .

;do / larf/sf nflu wGoafb .

— kqsfl/tf If]qdf d}n] a6'n]sf cg'e"ltsf af/]df cfd kf7s dfem k'¥ofpg ;xof]u ug'{x'g] tkfO{ nufot laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxsnfO{ wGoafb .

nf]s;]jfsf] tof/Lsf nflu pkof]uL

!=Oltxf;sf lktf eg]/ s;nfO{ lrlgG5 <                                       — x]/f]8f]6;

@= rf}wf}+ of]hgf -@)&#÷&$–@)&%÷&^_ sf] cfwf/kq cg';f/ @)&%÷&^ ;Dd OG6/g]6 ;]jfdf kx'Fr k|fKt hg;+Vof slt k|ltzt k'¥ofpg] nIo /x]sf] 5 <                          — ^%%

#= ljZjsk lqms]6, @)!% sf]  ljh]tf /fi6« s'g xf] <                           — ci6«]lnof

$=;af]{Ts[i6 lghfdtL ;]jf k'/:sf/ @)&# s;nfO{ k|bfg ul/of] <              — zfGt/fh ;'a]bL

%= ef/tnfO{ dfq 5'g] g]kfnsf lhNnfx? slt 5g\  <                                  —@$

^= g]kfndf slt k|hfltsf rd]/f]x? kfOG5g\ <                                           —%#

&= gofF ;+l3o ;+/rgf cg';f/ k|b]z g+= ^ df slt lhNnfx? ;dfj]z x'g] ePsf] 5 <     — !)

*= ;'b"/klZrdf~rn ljZjljBfnosf] :yfkgf slxn] ePsf] xf] <               — lj=;+= @)^&

(= () k|ltzt eGbf a9L l;dfgf vf]nfgfnfn] 5'6\ofPsf] lhNnf s'g xf] <            — s}nfnL

!)= ;+;f/sf] ;j}eGbf a9L afFRg] k|f0fL s'g xf] <               — s5'jf -$))—%))_ aif{;Dd

!!=la=;= @)&# ;fnsf] cflbsla efg'eQm k'/:sf/ s:nfO{ k|bfg ul/of] <—k|f=lzauf]kfn l/;fn                                                                                                                       

!@= ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf w]/} k|b'lift ;x/ s'g xf] <                          — d]lS;sf] l;6L

!#= g]kfn ;/sf/n] d'n's e/ Knfli6s tyf kf]lnlyg emf]nfdf k|ltaGw ug{] lg0f{o slxn] u¥of] <

                                                                     — lj=;= @)&#÷$÷!

!$= sd}ofn] dflnsnfO{ a'emfPsf] lg:;fnfO{ s] elgG5 <                             — ;f}sL

!%= l;pF8Lsf] ?vnfO{ k"hf ug{] hflt s'g xf] <                                     — d]r]

!^= :j0f{lznf dxfljxf/ yfONof08df kb{5 eg] tIflznf dxfljxf/ s'g b]zdf kb{5 < — kfls:tfg                           

!&= ljZjsf] ;j}eGbf hf8f] x'g] 7fpF s'g xf] <                                — evf{]of+S; -?;_

!*= ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf a9L ux'F pTkfbg x'g] /fi6« s'g xf] <                            — k|mfG;

!(= zlg u|xsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] pku|x s'g xf]  <                                      — 6fO6g

@)= sf7df08f}+af6 ;a}eGbf glhs /x]sf] /fhwfgL ;x/ s'g xf]  <                 — lyDk' -e'6fg_

@!= c?0f gbLsf] kf}/fl0fs gfd s] lyof] <                                          — dxfk|ef

@@= …l5Ggd:tfÚ lty{:yn s'g lhNnfdf kb{5 <                                   — ;Kt/L

@#= uf}/Lz+s/ lxdfn s'g lxd>[+vnfdf kb{5 <                                   — /f]NjflnË

@$= kxf8sf] cWoog ug{] zf:qnfO{ s] elgG5 <                             — cf]/f]nf]hL

@%= …#* Kof/fnfnÚ n] s'gs'g b]z larsf] l;dfgfsf] sfd ub{5 <

                                                       — blIf0f sf]l/of / pQ/ sf]l/of

@^= wfld{s dfGotf cg';f/ rf/ gLlt leq s] s] kb{5g\ <          — ;fd, bfd, b08 / e]b

@&= /fli6«o ;ef ;b:o x'g Go"gtd pd]/ slt rflxg] Joj:yf 5 <                  — #% aif{

@*= g]kfnsf] ;+lawfg cg';f/ ;+l3o nf]s;]jf cfof]udf cWoIf ;lxt slt hgf ;b:o /xg] Joj:yf 5 <                                                                        — % hgf

@(=  NTV-2 sf] k|;f/0f slxn] b]lv ;'? ul/Psf] xf] <              — lj=;==@)^) c;f]h !)

#)=  ljZj jGohGt' sf]if (WWF) sf] :yfkgf slxn] ePsf] xf]  <             — ;g\ !(^!

#!= jftfj/0f kl/ifbsf] cWoIf sf] /xg] Joj:yf 5 <                             — k|wfgdGqL

#@= t/n kbfy{sf] ;fk]lIfs 3gTj gfKg] oGqnfO{ Hydrometer elgG5 eg] jfo'd08lno ;fk]lIfs cfb|tf gfKg] oGqnfO{ s] elgG5  <                                       — Hygrometer

##= le6fldg c sf] sdLn] nfUg] /f]u s] xf]  <                                     — :seL{

#$= WTO sf] !^$ cf}+ ;b:osf] ?kdf ckmuflg:tfgn] slxn] ;b:otf k|fKt u¥of] <—Uoflgd]8

#%= /f]dg Dofuf;]; k'/:sf/ kfpg] klxnf] g]kfnL sf] x'g <                   — dx]zrGb| /]UdL

af}l4s k/LIf0f v08

#^= olb RESULT zAbnfO{  612045  n] sf]8 ul/G5 eg]  LET nfO{ s;/L sf]8 ul/G5 <

A) 145               B) 415                        C)416                          D)461

#&= lbOPsf] ;d'xdf gldNg] s'g 5 <

A) CUj]b          B) oh'j{]b           C) cfo'j{]b            D) cyj{]b

#*= -!,*,@&_ ePem}+ tnsf] dWo] s'g ldN5 <

A) -%,!@,#@_        B) -#@,#(,%(_           C) -^),&(,*^_         D) -^$,!@%,@!^_

#(= olb a:b=#M$ / b:c=%M& x'G5 eg] a:c sf] dfg slt x'G5 <

A)!%M@^         B) !)M@%            C) !%M@*            D) !@M@^

gf]6M af}l4s k/LIf0f k|Zgsf] ;xL pQ/ csf{] c+sdf k|sfzg x'g]5 .

ldlt @)&# c;f]h !* ut] d+unaf/sf] k|sflzt af}l4s k/LIf0f kZgsf] ;xL pQ/x?

#^_ B   #&_D   #*_ C    #(_ D

;+sns÷k|:t'tstf{M k|ofu/fh pkfWofo

;flxTo÷;[hgf

b'O{ d'Qms

;dosf] cl;gfn] r'6\of],lhGbuL .

P]gfsf] 3/ h:t} km'6\of],lhGbuL .

slxn] ldq agL slxn] zq',agL .

cfˆg}n] k/fO{ agL n'6\of],lhGbuL ..

?b} l;d]G6 afn'jf 3f]n]sf] yfxf 5 .

d?e'dL Tof] 3fdn] kf]n]sf] yfxf 5 ..

;Dembf cf+z'em5{ ltd|f] ofbdf ;fyL .

lkF8fdf eSsfgLb} af]n]sf] yfxf 5 ..

/ldt la=s=

/]l8of] kf}/vL afh'/f

d'Qms

em'k8Ldf klg afFRg ;S5' d 

laklQdf klg xfF:g ;S5' d ..

em'k8L g} d]/f] Kof/f] hGd3/

b'Mvdf klg gfRg ;S5' d ..

e"ld/fh hf]zL

sfn'v]tL—* aemfË

b'vfO{

Psyfg b'v]sf] d'6' lnP/

cfPy]F ltdL;fd'

pkrf/ vf]Hb}

ltdLn] t

b'vfOsf] Oltxf;} gvf]tnL

PSsf;L k]glsn/ b]vfof}

To;kl5

ltd|f] ;Dj]bg lxgtfn] d]/f] d'6'

cem} hf]8n] b'Vg yfNof] .

:jtGqtfsf] uLt

vf6df /f9L cf]R5\ofP/

kn]6L s;]sf] 5 dflnsn]

xfdLn] klg e'OFdf

kn]6L s;]sf 5f}F

/ ufpFb}5f}

dflnssf] uLt

d dfbn ahfpF5'

a'9L uLt ufpF5]

5f]/L 5d5d gfR5]

dflnssf] uLtdf

yfx} gkfO{ dflnssf aN9\ofË|f cfFvf d]/f] cg'xf/df hf]ltG5g

/ cxdn] h'Fuf a6f5{ dflns

cg'xf/af6 lrlKnP/ cfFvf >LdtLsf] 5ftLdf hf]ltG5g

/ :tg 6f]S5g cfFvfx?n]

cem} lrlKnP/ lt3|fdf cl8G5g

/ lt3|f 6f]S5g cfFvfx?n]

sxfF km';{b 5 / <

;f/Lsf] km]/n] pl„Psf] rf]nf] 6fNg]

gfRbfgfRb} p8]sf] hfdf ;DxfNg]

;w}+ cfˆg} uLtdf dfq tfnL ahfpg] dflnsnfO{

xfd|f uLtdf ;w}+ sfgdf skf; vfb\g] dflnsnfO{

dfgjtfsf uLtn] slxNo} g5f]OPsf] dflnsnfO{

l7Ë pEofP/ dWo rf}af6f]df

7'ª\g dg 5

r]tgfsf uLtn] p;sf e'Q] :gfo'x?df

tfsL ef]lnb]lv d]/f] hLjg uLtdf tfnL ahfcf]; ..

;Dkbf l/hfn

emfkf, g]kfn

;"rgf÷;Gb]z÷la1fkg

            u'?Ë knlDaË ;]G6/

                      l;nu9L 8f]6L

                 -aLr /fwfs[i0f dlGb/ glhs_

xfd|f] oxfF Uof;, luh/ h8fg, d6/ h8fg, 9nlgsf; ;DalGw sfd,                 vfg]kfgL 6+sL h8fg, afy?d ;DalGw ;Dk"0f{

kfOg'sf ;fy} knDa/sf] Aoj:yf 5 .

k|f]= ;lag u'?Ë

                       df]= (*!#@$&^)$, (*^*$^$^&)