बिम्ब नेपाली साप्ताहिक, मिति २०७१ साल असार २४ गते मंगलवार

;~rf/dfWodn] lgZkIf eO{ hgtfnfO{ ;sf/fTds pTk|]/0ff lbg] vfnsf] tYok"0f{ ;"rgf / hfgsf/L lbg] vfnsf ;fdu|L ;Dk|]if0f ug'{ kb{5 .

g]kfn ;/sf/

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

d'Vo ;dfrf/

;f+;b lasf; sf]ifsf] #^ nfv laBfnodf

ufpF lasf; ;ldltsf] s'n lasf; jh]6sf] s/Lj ^% k|lt;t lzIffd} nufgL x'g] 8f]6L lhNnfdf lgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmdsf] &@ k|lt;t klg lzIffd} nufO{Psf] 5 .

;ef;b\x?n] cfkm'v'zL vr{ ug{ kfpg] elg ;/sf/n] lgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmdsf gfddf pknJw u/fPsf] k|lt ;ef;b\ !) nfv /sddWo] &@ k|lt;t laBfnodf ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 .

8f]6Ljf6 k|To]If tkm{ b'O{ / ;dfg'kflts tLg u/L kfFr hgf ;ef;b\x?n] kfpg] hDdf %) nfv /sddWo] #^ nfv kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF laBfnodf lalgof]lht ul/Psf] 5 . clwsf+; /sd gLlh>f]tjf6 ;~rfngdf /x]sf ;fd'bflos laBfnox?df lalgof]hg ul/Psf] lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6Ln] pknJw u/fPsf] tYofFsdf b]lvPsf] 5 . sfof{nosf] of]hgf zfvfdf /x]sf] clen]v cg';f/ lalgof]lht ul/Psf] /sddWo] !! nfv ^% xhf/ /sd s'g lzif{sdf vr{ ug]{ eGg] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g .

lalgof]lht /sddf 8f]6Lsf] k|d'v Jofkfl/s s]Gb| / hg3gTj ePsf] If]q lbkfondf gofF SofDk; ;~rfng ug{ ;'?jft ug]{ eGb} Ps nfv, laleGg laBfnosf] :t/f]GgtLsf nflu ^ nfv *) xhf/ /sd lalgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 . clwsf+; of]hgfx?df nfut O{l:6d]6 ;d]t tof/ gu/L lalgof]hg ul/Psf] /sd cGt/ut v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f, 3]/jf/ lgdf{0f, ejg dd{t eGb} /sd lalgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 . lalgof]lht /sd cGt/ut ;d'bfojf6 laBfnodf hfg] 3f]8]6f] jf6f] lgdf{0f ug]{ sfdsf nflu ;d]t of]hgf jgfO{Psf] 5 .

;ef;b\n] lat/0f ug{ kfpg] !) nfv ?k}ofFdWo] ;ef;b\ e/tjxfb'/ v8sfn] ^ nfv, la/jxfb'/ jnfo/n] ;ft nfv *) xhf/ / sNkgf ;f]jn] gf} nfv #% xhf/ /sd laBfnosf nflu lalgof]hg u/]sf 5g . o:t} ;ef;b\ k|]djxfb'/ cfn] du/n] ;ft nfn () xhf/ / uf}/L cf]nLn] kfFr nfv ?k}ofF laBfnodf lalgof]hg u/]sf 5g .

ælaBfnodf ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf of]hgf lgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmdsf] /sdjf6 jgfpg] eGg] s'/f t sfuhL    s'/f dfq} xf]Æ lhNnf k|flalws sfof{no 8f]6Lsf Ps k|flalwsn] eg] æ8f]/ xflh/L kmf/fd, lane/kfO{ ;j} ldnfP/ NofpF5g clg kf; ul/lbg' k¥of] eG5g, t/ of]hgf jg]sf] x'Fb}g . gfd pNn]v gug]{ zt{df lt k|flalwsn] eg] ælaBfnodf uPsf] /sd lzIfsx?sf] tnjdf / cGo of]hgfx?sf] /sd sfo{stf{sf] vNtLdf hfg] ub{5 .Æ gq ufpF ufpFdf ;8s k'lu;s]sf] cj:yfdf 3f]8]6f] jf6f] lgdf{0f ug]{ eGb} nfvf}+sf] of]hgf jgfpg' cfjZos gx'g] lt k|flalwssf] egfO{ 5 .

cGo of]hgfdf dlGb/sf nflu elg tLg nfv #% xhf/ 5'6\ofO{Psf] 5 . dlGb/x?sf] gfd pNn]v ul/Psf] ePklg s] sfd ug]{ eGg] eg] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g . cGo /sd u|fld0f ;8s lgdf{0f, 3f]8]6f] jf6f] lgdf{0f ;fgf hn laB't cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf of]hgfx?sf] ;"rLdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf] of]hgf zfvfn] lgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmdsf] /sdsf clwsf+; of]hgfx? kmRo'{6 x'g jfFsL /x]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . k|To]s ;fF;bn] kfFr s/f]8 vr{ ug{ kfpg] jx; rln/x]sf] j]nf !) nfv /sd ;d]t     kf/bzL{ gx'g'n] pQm sf]ifsf] cf}lrNodfyLg} k|Zg p7]sf] 5 .

jnfo/ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] tkm{jf6 / cfn] g]skf Pdfn]sf] tkm{jf6 qmd; If]q ! / @ sf k|To]Ifsf ;ef;b\ x'g eg] v8\sf / ;f]j sf+u|];jf6 / cf]nL Pdfn]jf6 ;dfg'kflts ;ef;b\ x'g .

;DkfbsLo

lsg rflxof] kfFr s/f]8 <

Joj:yflksf—;+;bsf] ;d]t sfd ug]{ lhDd]jf/L kfPsf] ;+lawfg;efdf clxn] gofF vfnsf] jx; k|f/De ePsf] 5 . gofF ;+lawfg lgdf{0f ug]{, To;sf laifodf ;xdlt h'6fpg] jf To;sf laifodf jx; ug]{ eGbf km/s tl/sfsf] jx; clxn] ;+lawfg;efleq / /fhgLlts a[Qdf b]lvPsf] 5 . Tof] ax; xf], hgtfn] r'g]/ k7fPsf] k|ltlglwx?n] p7fPsf] dfu .

hgtfjf6 r'lgP/ uPsf hgk|ltlglwx?n] cfkm'x?nfO{ ;+lawfg;efdf cfphfp ug{sf nflu ;d:of ePsf] eGb} uf8Lsf] dfu u/]sf 5g . hflx/ 5, uf8L dfu ug'{ eg]sf] pQm uf8L xfFSgsf nflu rfns klg rflxG5, t]n klg rflxG5 . hgtfsf] ;]js x'F, hgtfsf] nflu sfd u5'{ eGg] ;ef;b\ Ho"x?n] cfkm\gf] P]o\of;Lsf nflu uf8Lsf] dfu ub}{5g . of] uf8Lsf] laifo olt hj/h:t 9+un] cuf8L cfPsf] 5 ls ;fob s]xL lbgleq} cfpg] jh]6df cy{dGqL 8f=/fd;/0f dxtn] klg n]v]/ Nofpg] 5g .

uf8Lsf] laifo Pp6f laifo xf] . o;sf] ;fy;fy} Pp6f csf]{ laifo p7fg ePsf] 5, k|To]s ;ef;b\n] kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF cfkm' v'zL vr{ ug{ kfpg] u/L jh]6 lalgof]hg ug'{ kg]{ . cyf{t lgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmdsf gfddf sfo{stf{ kfNgsf nflu ;ef;b\x?n] xfn kfO{/x]sf] !) nfv ?k}ofFnfO{ cj kfFr s/f]8 jgfpg' k¥of] /] . of] dfu clxn] hj/h:t ?kdf cuf8L cfPsf] 5 . gofF ;+lawfg lgdf{0f ug]{ s;d vfP/ hgtfjf6 cg'df]lbt ePsf ;ef;b\x? d'Vo p2]Zojf6 ljrlnt x'Fb} kfFr s/f]8sf nflu n8fO{df nfu]sf 5g .

lsg rflxof] kfFr s/f]8 < ;f+;bx?nfO{ xfn 5'6\ofO{Psf] !) nfv ?k}ofF pgn] hxfF, h] df h:tf] cj:yfdf vr{ ug{ rfx\of] To;} cg';f/ vr{ ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . oBkL dGqLkl/ifbn] emf/f] 6fg{sf nflu ælgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmd -;~rfng sfo{lalw_ lgodfjnL hf/L u/]sf] 5 . t/, pQm lgodfjnLdf ePsf lgodx?sf] kfngf s;}n] ub}{gg\ . ;ef;b\ Ho'nfO{ hxfF h;/L vr{ ug{ dg nfU5 jf ;ef;b\x?sf xg'dfgx?nfO{ hxfF cfjZos ePsf] 5 Tot} vr{ ug]{ kl/kf6L j;]sf j]nf yk kfFr s/f]8 /sd lbP/ hgtfn] /ut / kl;gf jufP/ sdfPsf] k};fjf6 lt/]sf] s/sf] b'?kof]u ug{s} nflu dfu ul/Psf] of] kfFr s/f]8 /fhgLlts sfo{stf{ kfNg] / r'gfjdf ef]6 lsGgsf nflu jf r'gfj lhTgs} nflu ul/Psf] vr{ c;'n ug]{ bfp jfx]s c? s]xL klg x'g ;Sb}g .

oBkL lgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmd g]kfnd} dfq nfu' ePsf] sfo{qmd xf]O{g . laZje/Lsf @# b]zx?df of] sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf 5 t/ lt b]zx?df lgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{, cg'udg ug]{, of]hgfsf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;+oGq tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . ;f+;b eGbf klg ToxfFsf] cj:yf, laleGg ;ldltx?n] lbPsf] ;'emfj cflbsf cfwf/df lgjf{rg If]q lasf; sfo{qmdsf] /sd lat/0f ug]{ sfg'gL k|fJwfgx? 5g . t/ g]kfndf g t of]hgfsf] k|fyldsLs/0f ul/G5, g of]hgfsf] nfut O{li6d]6 jgfO{G5, g cg'dug ug]{ s'g} ;+oGq   5 . g of]hgfsf] lgoGq0f ug]{ s'g} ;ldlt 5 . ;f+;b jf ;f+;bsf k|ltlglwn] eg]sf] cfwf/df sfNklgs of]hgf jgfpg] clg sfo{stf{ kfNg] z}nLsf] of] sfo{qmd /2 ug'{sf] ;§f kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF dfu u/L xfn ^ ;o Ps hgf ;ef;b\x?n] dgv'zL vr{ ul//x]sf] ^) s/f]8 !) nfv /sdnfO{ aif]{gL #) cj{ kfFr s/f]8 k'¥ofpg] / cfkm' / cfkm\gf sfo{stf{x?sf] hLjgz}nL kl/jt{g ug]{ lbjf:jKg jf]s]sf ;ef;bx?nfO{ pgLx?n] eg] cg';f/g} kfFr s/f]8 k|ltjif{ lbg] xf] eg] of] b]zdf g]kfnL hgtfn] /ut kl;gf jufP/ /fHonfO{ s/ ltg'{sf] s'g} cf}lrTo x'g] 5}g . xfdLn] lt/]sf] s/ xfdLnfO{ ;]jf lbgnfO{ xf], e|i6frf/ ug{nfO{ xf]O{g .

yk ;dfrf/

h]i7 gful/ssf nflu lbjf ;]jf sfo{qmd

k|To]s lasf; If]qdf Ps÷Ps u/L b]ze/Ldf kfFr j6f h]i7 gful/s lbjf ;]jf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ ;/sf/L nIf cg';f/ 8f]6L lhNnfdf a'wjf/b]lv h]i7 gful/sx?sf nflu lbjf ;]jf sfo{qmd ;'? ePsf] 5 .

3/df PSn} j;]sf h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ lbp;f]sf] ;do latfpg ;lhnf] xf]; eGg] p2]Zosf ;fy ;~rfng ul/Psf] lbjf ;]jf sfo{qmdsf] Ps ;df/f]xaLr 8f]6Lsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L uf]ljGbjxfb'/ sfsL{n] pb3f6g u/]sf5g . ;f] ;df/f]xdf jf]Nb} k|lhc sfsL{n] h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ PSnf]kg dx;'; x'g], ;xkf6L ;fyLx?sf] cefj dx;'; x'g] ePsf sf/0f Ps 7fpFdf j;]/ cfkm\gf cg'ejx?, lk8fx? Ps cfk;df ;f6f;f6 ug{ kfpg eGg] p2]Zosf ;fy ;/sf/n] pQm sfo{qmdsf] cjwf–/0ff NofPsf]  jtfP .

lbjf ;]jf sfo{qmdsf]  jf/]df hfgsf/L lbFb} dlxnf lasf; clws[t b'uf{ e08f/Ln] h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ lbp;f] s/Lj tLg 306f;Dd l6eL, lel8of] 8s'd]06«L cflbsf dfWodjf6 dgf]/~hg u/fpg], laleGg wfld{s k|jrgx? u/fpg] / laleGg laifodf 1fg lbg] hfgsf/L lbO{g . æ:jf:Yo ;DjlGw k|jrg lbg], of]usf] jf/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] h:tf sfo{x? klg ug{ ;lsG5Æ dljc e08f/Ln] 3/df pgLx?n] PSnf] dx;'; gu?g eGgsf pQm sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] jtfO{g .

h]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;+3 8f]6Lsf] cu'jfO{df ;~rfng ePsf] pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbgsf nflu cfkm'n] ;Sbf] kxn ug]{ 8f]6Lsf :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L lzjs'df/ sfsL{n] jtfP .

lbjf ;]jf ;'? ePsf]df v'zL JoQmu5{g h]i7 gful/s dx]Gb| >]i7 . pgL eG5gæ5f]/f j'xf/Lx? sfddf hfG5g, gftLgltgfx? laBfno hfG5g, 3/df PSnf] j:bf cg]s s'/fx? ;f]lrG5 .Æ cj lbjf ;]jf sfo{qmd ;'? ePkl5 cfkm'x?nfO{ ;lhnf] x'g] >]i7sf] egfO{ 5 . o:t} larf/ JoQm ul5{g csL{ Ps h]i7 gful/s . 5f]/Lx?sf] lajfx eO{ 3/ uO{;s]ls / 5f]/f k9\gsf nflu 3/jflx/ /x]sf j]nf cfkm' 3/df PSn} /x]sf] jtfpg] pgn] ;x pd]/sf dlxnfx?;+u Ps 7fpFdf j;]/ ukm ug{ kfpFbf v'zL nfu]sf] jtfO{g .

h]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;+3 8f]6Lsf cWoIf uf]laGbk|;fb >]i7n] lbjf ;]jf sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] k|ltj4tf JoQm u/] . >]i7n] eg] æ3/df PSnf] dx;'; ul//x]sf h]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ nlIft u/L pQm sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] xf] .Æ dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf sfof{no 8f]6Ln] sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf nflu cfly{s ;xof]u u/]sf]df >]i7n] wGojfb klg lbP .

lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsf–@ sf] ;fd'bflos ejgdf ;~rfng ul/Psf] sfo{qmddf h]i7 gful/sx?sf nflu laleGg wfld{s k':tsx?, l6eL, lbp;f]sf] vfhf / Ps hgf ;xof]uLsf] ;d]t Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

cb'jf v]tLjf6 3/vr{ rnfpFb} k|]d

rf/aif{ cl3;Dd 3/vr{ wfGg wf} wf} kg]{ a5{}g–*, sf k|]d 3lt{ j'jfsf] ;Nnfx adf]lhd Joj;flos cb'jf v]tL ug{ sl:;P . cb'jf v]tLjf6 To;kl5sf aif{df pgnfO{ 3/vr{sf] lrGtf g} ePg\ .

cb'jf v]tLaf6 pgn] ;lhn} kl/jf/ rnfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . 3lt{ eG5g …cb'jf v]tL ug{ yfn]kl5 3/vr{ wfGg ;xh ePsf] 5 .Ú c? afnLsf] t'ngfdf cb'jf v]tLaf6 /fd|} cfDbfgL x'g] ePsfn] o;tkm{ cfs{lift ePsf] pgL atfp5g\ . pgn] cb'jf v]tLsf] cfDbfgLn] b'O{ ;Gtfg, cfdfa'jf, >Ldlt / cfkm' u/L ^ hgfsf] vr{ wfg]sf 5g\ .

uPsf] l;hgdf cb'jf ljqmL u/L pgn] emG8} ;f9] Ps nfv ?k}ofF sdfP . rf/aif{ cl3 yfn]sf] cb'jf v]tLn] pgsf] hLjg:t/ kl/jt{g ul/lbPsf] 5 . rfn' l;hgdf pgn] 3/ glhssf] emG8} cfwf /f]kgL hldgdf cb'jf v]tL nufPsf 5g\ . pgn] eg] …Joj;flos cb'jf v]tLn] a5{}gsf clwsf+z s[ifssf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ NofPsf] 5 .Ú cb'jf v]tLsf ljleGg k|ljwLaf/] ljleGg ;+3;+:yfn] k|fljlws tflnd lbg] u/]sf] pgL atfp5g\ . pTkflbt cb'jf pgn] :yfgLo Jofkf/LnfO{ ljqmL ug{] u/]sf 5g\ . pgsf] ufpF cf]vn9'+ufsf ^) k|lt;t a9L kl/jf/n] Joj;flos cb'jf v]tL ug{] u/]sf 5g\ . Ps ;o 3/w'/LdWo] ^) 3/w'/Ln] Joj;flos cb'jf v]tL ug{] u/]sf 5g\ .

a5}{g–@, a/fpmsf led axfb'/ ef6 klg Joj;flos cb'jf v]tL u/]/ dgUo] cfDbfgL ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . cfkm"n] pTkfbg u/]sf] cb'jf pgL a5{}g ahf/df ljqmL u5{g\ . cb'jf v]tLaf6 3/vr{ rnfpg ;xh ePsf] ef6sf] egfO{ 5 . Ps u8fdf nufO{Psf] cb'jfaf6 emG8} $) xhf/ cfDbfgL ug{ ;lsg] pgL atfp5g\ .

h]7df /f]lkPsf] cb'jf d+l;/df kfSg] u/]sf] 5 . cb'jf kfvf] hldgdf x'g] afnL xf] . kfvf] hldgdf cGo afnL eGbf cb'jf pTkfbg /fd|f] x'g] s[lif k|fljlwsx? atfp5g\ .

oxfFsf a5{]g, dfGgf– sfk8L, 3fªn, s]bf/cfv8f, l;drf}/, nfgfs]bf/]Zj/, lg/f}nL, u8\;]/f uflj; cb'jfsf] ks]6 If]q x'g\ . rfn' cfly{s aif{df lhNnfaf6 !) xhf/ b'O{ ;o d]l6«s 6g cb'jf pTkfbg ePsf] lhNnf s[lif lasf; sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .

lhNnf s[lif lasf; sfof{nosf al/i7 s[lif ljsf; clws[t o1/fh hf]zLsf cg';f/ lhNnfsf] () k|ltzt cb'jf  ef/t lgsf;L x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cb'jfaf6 ljleGg k|sf/sf t]n, l8«ª\; agfO{g] u/]sf] s[lif k|fljlwsx? atfp5g\ . cb'jf d;nfsf] /fgL dflgG5 .

df]6/;fO{sn b'3{6gfdf Pssf] d[To'

c5fdjf6 s}nfnL tkm{ uO{/x]sf] df]6/;fO{sn b'3{6gf x'Fbf Ps hgfsf] d[To' ePsf]    5 .

ledbQ /fhdfu{ cGt/ut 8f]6Lsf] 5ltjg uflj;–( O{v8fdf ePsf] pQm b'3{6gfdf c5fd lhNnf kftnsf]6 ufla;–! lgjf;L sflnsf dfla kftnsf]6 c5fdsf lzIfs cGbfhL $% jifL{o /fds[i0f hf]zLsf] d[To' ePsf] xf] . df]6/;fO{sn rfns dfnfv]tL ufla;–# sf kbd/fh e08f/L 3fO{t] ePsf 5g .

zlgjf/ lbpF;f] pQm df]6/;fO{snnfO{ s}nfnLjf6 88]Nw'/f tkm{ uO{/x]sf] gf # v %%@@ gDa/sf] 6«sn] 7Ss/ lbFbf hf]zLsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] a'8/ k|x/L rf}sLsf O{Grfh{ k|x/L lg/LIfs xs{jxfb'/ /fjnn] hfgsf/L lbP . 6«s / 6«s rfnsnfO{ k|x/L rf}sL a'8/n] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] 5 . 3fOt]sf] :yfgLo d]l8sndf pkrf/ eO/x]sf] If]qLo 6«flkms k|x/L sfof{non] s}nfnLn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

/fxt lzIfs ;+3if{ ;ldltsf c5fd lhNnf cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf d[ts hf]zL /fxft lzIfsx?n] ;~rfng u/]sf] cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdx?df ;l/s x'g c5fd lhNnfsf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ sf7df08f}+ hfg] qmddf pQm b'3{6gf ePsf] xf] . 

cfkm\gf s'/f ;'gfP/ hfg] k/Lkf6L

…;/sf/L xflsdx? cfkm\gf s'/f ;'gfP/ hfg] xfd|f s'/f g;'Gg] ePkl5 xfdLn] jf]n]sf] kf] s] cy{ eof] <Ú

/fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf cWoIf jxfb'/ l;+ v8\sfn] sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly lalzi7 cltly x'g] 8f]6Lsf ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'vx? sfo{qmdsf] lard} cfkm\gf s'/f /fVg] / sfo{qmd g;sL hfg] u/]sf]df cfklQ JoQm ug] . u}/  ;/sf/L ;+:yf dxf;+3 8f]6L zfvfn] cfO{tjf/ cfof]hgf u/]sf] Ps sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly /x]sf 8f]6Lsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L uf]ljGbjxfb'/ sfsL{ / lalzi7 cltly lzjs'df/ sfsL{ csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ a}7s ePsf] eGb} lard} efif0f u/]/ uPkl5 cfklQ hgfPsf x'g .

v8sfsf] pQm egfO{nfO{ sfo{qmdsf clwsf+; ;xeflux?n] plrt 7fg] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly eO{;s]kl5 lard} hfg' plrt gePsf] eGb} ;j}n] l6Kk0fL u/] . g]tf v8sfn] w]/} sfo{qmdx?df ;/sf/L sfof{nosf   sd{rf/Lx?n] cfkm\gf s'/f ;'gfP/ ;xeflusf s'/f g;'gL lx8\g] u/]sf] cf/f]k nufP .

u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?n] u/]sf /fd|f cEof;x? Pscsf{aLr cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmddf /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwx?n] kl/of]hgf ;~rfng ubf{ pknJwL b]lvg] u/L ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{, of]hgfx? lbuf] jgfpg' kg]{, Pp6} 7fpFdf Pp6} k|s[ltsf] sfd b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf j9L ;+:yfn] ug{ gx'g] nufotsf ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . kl/of]hgf ;~rfngsf qmddf :yfgLojf;Lx?sf] cfjZostfsf cfwf/df lqmofsnfkx? jgfpg' kg]{, u};;x?n] :jo+;]jsx? kl/rfng u/L cfjZos dfgjLo >f]tsf] lasf; ug'{ kg]{, lhNnfdf pknJw x'g] dfgjLo >f]t jflx/jf6 Nofpg' gx'g] h:tf ;'emfjx? ;xeflux?n] lbPsf lyP .

o'gfO{6]8 ld;g 6' g]kfn 8f]6L Sni6/sf] cfly{s ;xof]udf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] ;f] sfo{qmddf 8f]6Ldf sfo{/t u};;x?n] cfkm\gf] kl/of]hgf pGt/ut ePsf] /fd|f] sfd / ;f] s]f pknJwL k|:t't u/]sf lyP . 

dlxnf ;xeflutf j9fpg cfu|x

8f]6Ldf lqmofl;n cu'jf dlxnfx?n] /fhgLltdf dlxnf ;xeflutf j[l4 ug{ bnx?nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf 5g .

laleGg /fhgLlts bnx?df cfj4 dlxnfx?s]f ;femf ;+u7g cGt/kf6L{ dlxnf ;~hfn 8f]6Ln] cfof]hgf u/]sf] æ:yfgLo lgsfodf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf j[l4 ug{ /fhgLlts bnx?sf] e'ldsfÆ laifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf ;xeflu dlxnfx?n] pQm cfu|x u/]sf x'g . /fhgLlts bnsf lhNnf:t/Lo g]tfx? ;d]t ;xeflu /x]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf ;xeflu dlxnfx?n] /fhgLlts bnsf] laleGg lgsfodf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf a[l4 ug'{ kg]{, d'Vo kbx?df dlxnfx?sf] klg pkl:ylt clgjfo{ ul/g' kg]{ dfu u/] .  

sfo{qmddf kqsf/ tyf dfgjclwsf/sdL{ /fdx/L cf]emfn] æ/fhgLltdf dlxnf ;xeflutfÆ laifos sfo{kq k|:t't u/]sf lyP .

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

;}lgsåf/f jflnsfdfyL jnfTsf/sf] k|of;

8f]6Lsf] l;nu9Ldf /x]sf] g]kfnL ;]gfsf] lzjbn u0f æsÆ u'Nddf sfo{/t Ps ;}lgs hjfgn] :yfgLo Ps !# jifL{of jflnsfnfO{ jnfTsf/sf] k|of; u/]sf 5g .

;}lgs hjfg u0f]z lasn] 8\o'6Ldf /x]sf j]nf /ftL s/Lj !@ jh] jflnsfsf] 3/df uO{ jflnsfnfO{nfO{ hj/h:tL p7fO{ Jof/]sleq nlu jnfTsf/sf] k|of; u/]sf] lkl8t jflnsfsf cfkmGtx?n] jtfPsf 5g .

lkl8tsf cfkmGtx?n] cf/f]kL lasla?4 hj/h:tL s/0fLsf] pBf]u u/]sf] eGb} l/6 lbPsf 5g . 36gfsf] jf/]df cg';Gwfg eO{/x]sf] lhNnf    k|x/L sfof{no 8f]6Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

;'lt{hGo j:t'df /f]s

8f]6L pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] lhNnfdf ;'lt{hGo kbfy{df /f]s nufpg] ePsf] 5 .

z'qmjf/ 8f]6Ldf lqmofl;n /fhgLlts bnx?;+usf] cGt/lqmofkl5 ;fpg ! ut]jf6 8f]6Ldf ;'lt{hGo kbfy{df /f]s nufpg] cleofg ;'? ul/g] jtfO{Psf] 5 . ;+3sf cWoIf la/]Gb| zfxn] ;'lt{hGo kbfy{df /f]s nufpg'sf ;fy} /S;L tyf lao/sf vfnL jf]tnx? klg lkmtf{ n}hfg ;DjlGwt sDktLnfO{ bjfj lbg] jtfP . ævfnL jf]tnsf sf/0f jhf/ If]q htftt} kmf]xf]/ x'g'sf ;fy} jftfj/0f ;d]t b'lift ePsf] 5Ú cWoIf zfxn] vfnL jf]tn gn}hfg] sDkgLx?nfO{ jhf/df s'g} klg ;fdfg laqmL ug{ glbg] hfgsf/L lbP . 

v]n tyf ko{6g ;dfrf/

wd{>L k'/:sf/ dxh{gnfO{

t]¥xf}+ wd{>L /fi6«JofkL v'nf zf/Ll/s ;'u7g k|ltof]lutfsf] pkfwL dx]Zj/ dxh{gn] lht]sf 5g . ;]K; lkm6\g]; lhd sf7df08f}+sf dxh{g klxnf] k6s RoflDkog jg]sf x'g .

dxh{gn] pQm pkfwL;+u} b'O{ nfv gub k'/:sf/ ;d]t k|fKt u/]sf 5g . ut zlgjf/ ePsf] k|ltof]lutfdf pgn] &% s]hL tf}n ;d"xdf k|lt:kwf{ u/]sf lyP . ;du|df cfof]hs g]kfn Jofofd dlGb/sf /fdxfb'/ bfxfn bf]>f], cfof]hss} ch'{g j0f{jfn t]>f], cfof]hss} 1fggf/fo0f dxh{g rf}yf] / sfnLdf6L k|m]08;Lk lhdsf ;lrt k|wfg kfFrf}+ ePsf 5g .

g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgdf ePsf] k|ltof]lutfsf] %% s]hLdf a'N; ld P08 lkmlhsn lkm6\g]; sf:sLsf ;'/]z u'?Ë bf]>f], cfof]hssf /jL dxh{g t]>f] ePsf 5g . o;}u/L ^) s]hL tf}n ;d"xdf cfof]hssf ;lGhj >]i7 bf]>f] / d;N; jN8{ lhdsf laZjjxfb'/ yfkf t]>f] ePsf 5g . ^% s]hLdf cfof]hs ;+:yfsf /fdx/L vgfn bf]>f] / s'df/Lkf6L lkm6\g]; ;]G6/sf xf]d/fh zdf{ t]>f] eP .

&) s]hLdf w/fgsf lkmlhsn lkm6\g];sf hljGb| /fO{ bf]>f] / cfof]hssf ladn >]i7 t]>f], &% s]hLdf d;N;sf lszf]/ k'g bf]>f] / a'N;sf lg/h u'?Ë t]>f] ePsf 5g . bf]>f] x'g]n] @% xhf/ / t]>f] x'g]n] !% xhf/ k'/:sf/ kfpg] Joj:yf 5 . b'O{ lbg;Dd ;~rfng ePsf] pQm k|ltof]ltfdf laleGg !# Snjx?jf6 ^* k|lzIffyL{x?n] efu lbPsf] cfof]hs Snjn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

g]p/ pTs[i7 v]nf8L x'g]

hd{gLsf k"j{ uf]nlsk/ cf]lne/ sfgn] clxn] /fli6«o l6dsf] kf]i6 ;Dxfln/x]sf uf]nlsk/ Dofg'on g]p/ laZjs} pTs[i7 v]nf8L ePsf] jtfP . pgn] laZjskdf cfh d+unjf/ a|flhnla?4 x'g] v]n cl3 o:tf] k|ltlqmof lbPsf x'g . j|flhndf hd{gLnfO{ clGtd $ df k'¥ofpg @* jifL{o uf]lsk/ g]p/sf] d'Vo e'ldsf /x]sf] 5 .

pgn] k]gfN6L Pl/ofdf pTs[i6 jrfp ul//x]sf 5g . g]p/n] 7Ls ;do / l6d lg0f{o lnO{/x]sf 5g . pgn] nfdf] kf; xf]; of 5f]6f] jf cfkm\g} l8km]G8/;+usf] tfnd]n klg ldnfO{/x]sf 5g .

pgn] kfFr v]ndf # uf]ndfq vfPsf 5g . hd{gLn] clGtd !^ df cNh]l/ofla?4 @–! sf] lht lgsfNbf pgn] /fd|f] jrfp u/]sf lyP . g]p/n] k|mfG;sf] P6\ofsnfO{ klg ;kmn x'g lbPgg\ . l6dnfO{ l/of] lb h]g]l/of]sf] df/fsfgf /Ëzfnfdf !–) sf] lht lbnfpFb} ;]ldkmfO{gnsf] ofqf to u/fpg ;kmn eP . pgn] k|mfG;sf :6«fO{s/ sl/d j]Gh]dfsf] k|xf/nfO{ jrfp ub}{ l6dnfO{ xf/jf6 jrfP . k"j{ hd{gLsf ld8lkmN8/ d]xd]6 :rf]nn] g]p/ pTs[i7 /x]sf] jtfP .

k"j{ sKtfg sfgn] g]p/nfO{ clxn] laZjs} pTs[i7 uf]lsk/ /x]sf] jtfP . pgn] g]p/n] To;nfO{ k|dfl0ft u/]/  b]vfO{;s]sf] jtfP . sfgsf] sKtfgLdf hd{gL ;g @))@ sf] laZjskdf kmfO{gndfdf k'u]sf] lyof] . t/ kmfO{gndf j|flhnn] hd{gLnfO{ x/fpFb} pkfwL lhTof] . g]p/n] ;]ldkmfO{gn v]n /f]df~rs x'g] jtfP .

;g @)!) df hd{gLn] ;]ldkmfO{gndf :k]g;+u xf/ j]xf]bf{ klg g]p/ g} uf]nlsk/ lyP . pgn] yk] …l6dsf] l8km]G; klg /fd|f] 5, To;}n] d}n] z6 sg{/df Wofg lbg' k5{, dnfO{ clxn];Ddsf] glhtf / k|bz{gk|lt uj{ 5 . dnfO{ nfU5 ;dy{s klg xfd|f kl5 5g .Ú

rnlrq÷dgf]/~hg ;dfrf/

rnlrq ælemFu|fgfÆ efb|df cfpg]

;'b"/klZrdsf] k|l;4 wfld{s tyf ko{6sLo :yn vKt8sf] k|j]zåf/ lemFu|fgf j:tLsf] ;To 36gfnfO{ cfwf/ jgfO{ tof/ ul/Psf] rnlrq ælemFu|fgfÆ cfufdL efb| @& ut] k|bz{gdf cfpg] ePsf] 5 .

kf]v/fdf 5fofFsg ul/Psf] pQm rnlrq …lemu|fgfÚ n] ;ft hgf o'jfo'jtLlarsf] ;+3if{sf] syf eGg] 5 .

ly|n/ rnlrqnfO{ kf;fª nfdfn] lgb]{zg u/]sf x'g . lemFu|fgfsf] n]vg ;d]t lgb{]zs nfdfs} xf] . of] rnlrq d]g'sf k|wfg, zflGt lu/L, lgs'g >]i7, xfgf s]6\g nufotsf] clegodf tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 . lemFu|fgfnfO{ z}n]Gb| l8 sfsL{n] lvr]sf x'g . of] rnlrq 5fofFsgs} qmddf snfsf/ zflGt lu/L / 5fofFsf/ sfsL{aLr k|]d j;]sf] lyof] . of] hf]8Ln] clxn] lax] ;d]t ul/;s]sf] 5 . 

cd]l/sfdf /fh]Gb| k|yd

PPgP pQ/ cd]l/sfsf] ;flxTo k|lti7fgn] u/]sf] cGt/lfi6«o sljt k|ltof]lutfdf a}t8Lsf /fh]Gb| tf/ls0fL k|yd ePsf 5g .

laleGg !( b]zsf tLg ;o @( g]kfnL sljsf k|fKt /rgfdWo] pgsf] ;[hgf ;jf]{Ts[i7 ePsf] xf] . …sljtf n]Vg a:bfÚ lzif{ssf] pgsf] sljtfsf] k'/:sf/jfkmt Ps xhf/ cd]l/sL 8/n / PgPd ;'eb|f efg'eQm sfJo k'/:sf/ kfpg] ePsf] 5 .

cd]l/sfsf] jfl;Ë6g l8;Ldf hf/L …b P;f]l;o;g ckm g]lKnh Og cd]l/sf -PPgP_Ú sf] #@ cf}+ ;Dd]ngsf] cj;/df kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] .

k|ltof]lutfdf sfe|]sf clj/n cf]em]nsf] sljtf …k|ltIffÚ bf]>f] k'/:sf/ 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . pgn] k'/:sf/ jfkmt tLg ;o 8n/ ;lxt zdf{ d'8e/L df]tL/fd sfJo k'/:sf/ kfpg] jtfO{Psf] 5 . sfe|]s} km'ndfg jnsf] sljtf tLt[o ePsf] 5 . jnn] b'O{ ;o cd]l/sL 8n/ ;lxt j;'Gw/f u0fz] /f]Ssf b]jsf]6f sfJo k'/:sf/ kfpg] jtfO{Psf] 5 . ;flxTosf/ ;?eQm, ljof]uL a'9fyf]sL, laZjljdf]xg >]i7, >Lcf]d /f]bg >]i7, eLid pk|]tL / 8f= g]q P6d /x]sf] 6f]nLn] sljtfx?sf] d'NofFsg u/]sf] ;+of]hs uf]j4{g k'hfn] la1KtLdf hgfPsf 5g .

;Gb]zd'ns n]v

;fd'bflos l;+rfO{ cfof]hgf jf/] hglxtdf hf/L ;Gb]z

ladn lszf]/ s]=kL=

lg=k|=lh=O{=

lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{no, 8f]6L

Asian Development Bank (ADB) / g]kfn ;/sf/aLr ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ;fd'bflos l;+rfO{ cfof]hgf ufpFsf u/Lj dlxnf / lakGg ju{nfO{ nlIft ub}{ g]kfnsf !@ lhNnfdf ;~rflnt demf}tf k|s[ltsf] cfof]hgf xf] . t/fO{df @ ;o x]S6/ eGbf sd tyf kxf8L / lxdfnL If]qdf sd;]sd @% x]S6/ hldg l;+lrt x'g ;Sg] of]hgfnfO{ n3' l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL eg]/ kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5 . o; kl/of]hgfn] k'/fgf of]hgfx?sf] dd{t ;Def/ / gofF ;txL l;+rfO{ of]hgfx? lgdf{0fsf] nflu ;xfotf k|bfg ub{5 tyf :ofnf] 6\o"j j]n dfkm{t hldgd'gLsf] kfgLjf6 ;d]t l;+rfO{ ug]{ k|lalw lasf; ug{ 6]jf k|bfg ub{5 .

cfof]hgf nfu' ePsf lhNnfx? M

t/fO{ M s~rgk'/, s}nfnL, bfª / slknj:t'

kxf8 M 8f]6L, ;Nofg, ?s'd, /f]Nkf / Ko'7fg

lxdfn M aemfË, h'Dnf / d'u'

kl/of]hgfn] g]kfnsf u|fdL0f e]usf u/Lj, dlxnf / nlIft ;d'bfosf cGo lk5l8Psf ls;fgx?nfO{ pGgt s[lif k|0ffnLsf] cEof;df -pRr d'No jfnLlt/_ cfslif{t u/fO{ kof{Kt l;+rfO{ Joj:yfsf sf/0f s[lif pTkfbgdf kfFr jif{leqdf sd;]sd !% k|lt;tn] a[l4 u/L lghx?sf] u/LjL Go'lgs/0f / hLjg:t/ psf:g] nIf lnPsf] 5 . o; kl/of]hgfn] kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qdf $ xhf/ / t/fO{df !# xhf/ x]S6/ u/L hDdf !& xhf/ x]S6/ hldg l;+lrt ug]{ nIf lnPsf] 5 .

o; kl/of]hgfn] k'/fgf rfn' cj:yfdf /x]sf l;+rfO{ of]hgfx?sf] dd{t ;Def/ u/L Jojl:yt ug]{ jf gofF ;tx l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL la:tf/ ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ kf]v/L÷6\of+sL, O{G6]s, l;+rfO{ s'nf] cflb k"jf{wf/x? lgdf{0f ub{5 . vf;u/L t/fO{ If]qdf lnk\m6 l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL tyf :ofnf] 6\o'j j]N; k|0ffnLjf6 klg l;+rfO{ Joj:yf ub{5 . l;+rfO{ k|0ffnLsf] dd{t ;Def/, gofF ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug'{sf ;fy} l;+rfO{ pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ cfw'lgs s[lif k|lalw, lgdf{0f / dd{t ;Def/, jhf/Ls/0f / Joj:yfkg ;DjlGw tfnLd k|bfg ub{5 / lakGg ju{sf ;d'bfonfO{ k'/s ;xof]u sfo{qmd cGt/ut ;xsf/L ;+:yf;Dd kx'Fr u/fO{ C0fsf] Joj:yf klg ub{5 . o;sf] ;fy;fy} sfo{qmd cjlwdf laleGg cled'vLs/0f, cGt/lqmof, s[lif e|d0f, s[ifs kf7zfnf, dlxnf tyf lakGg ;d'bfosf] Ifdtf clea[l4 / cfo cfh{g ;DjlGw tfnLdx? klg ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf]  5 .

o; kl/of]hgfn] n3' l;+rfO{ cfof]hgfx?nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ sd{rf/Lx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf ;fy} ;fwg>f]t ;DkGg jgfpgdf ;d]t ;xof]u ub{5 .

pk—cfof]hgf 5gf}6 dfkb08

!= pk cfof]hgf 5gf}6 k|lqmof M u/LjL, hn Joj:yfkg / cGo dfkb08

s_ u/LjL dfkb08

c_ lxdfnL / kxf8L pk of]hgfx? M

• ^) k|lt;t eGbf j9L 3/w'/L -HHS_ sf] l;+lrt hUuf )=% x]S6/ eGbf sd ePsf] tyf @=% x]S6/ eGbf j9L hUuf x'g] 3/w'/L l;+lrt hUufsf] @% k|lt;t eGbf sd ePsf] .

• Sni6/leq % x]S6/ eGbf a9L hUuf x'g] 3/w'/L l;+lrt hUufsf] @% k|lt;t eGbf sd ePsf]

cf_ t/fO{ If]qsf pkof]hgfx? M

• ^) k|lt;t eGbf a9L 3/w'/L -HHS_ sf] l;+lrt hUuf Ps x]S6/ eGbf sd ePsf] tyf % x]S6/ eGbf a9L hUuf x'g] 3/w'/L l;+lrt hUufsf] @% k|lt;t eGbf sd ePsf] .

• Sni6/leq % x]S6/ eGbf a9L hUuf x'g] 3/w'/L l;+lrt hUufsf] @% k|lt;t eGbf sd ePsf] 

v_ hn>f]t dfkb08

• l;+rfO{ k|0ffnLsf] lasf;sf nflu kof{Kt kfgLsf] >f]t, gbL, vf]nfx? ePsf]

• kfgLsf] >f]t eGbf tnsf k|of]ustf{x?nfO{ c;/ gkg]{, kof{j/0f k|0ffnLdf c;/ gkg]{, kfgLsf] clwsf/ jf/]df lajfb gePsf]

u_ l;+rfO{ Joj:yfkg dfkb08

• l;+rfO{ If]qleq hUufsf] :jfldTjdf cfwfl/t /xL k|To]s 3/w'/Ln] ;dfg'kflts lsl;dn] kfgL lat/0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] .

• hn>f]t pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] -WUA_ sfo{sf/L lgsfo / ;ldltx?df sd;]sd ## k|lt;t dlxnf k|ltlglwTj / lakGg ju{nfO{ ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj u/fpg] ;xdlt

3_ cGo dfkb08

• k|To]s 3/w'/Ln] lgj]bg ;fy lhNnf k|flalws sfof{nosf] vftfdf ?= !$) k|lt x]S6/sf b/n] hDdf ug'{ kb{5 . kl5 of] /sd WUA sf] vftfdf   :yfgfGt/0f ul/G5 .

• kl/of]hgfsf] gLlt÷Joj:yf cg';f/ ;]jfu|fxL   3/w'/Lx?n] ;j} k|sf/sf] >d, gub jf cGo of]ubfg ug{ ;xdt x'g' kb{5 .

@= pk cfof]hgf 5gf}6 k|lqmof M k|flalws ?kn] ;DefJo ;txL l;+rfO{ cfof]hgf

s_ :qmLlgª

c_ kxf8L / lxdfnL pk cfof]hgfsf nflu !) x]S6/ b]lv @% x]S6/;Dd sdf08 Pl/of x'g'kg]{ tyf !) x]S6/ eGbf sd sdf08 Pl/of ePsf] :yfgdf @% 3/w'/L eGbf a9L ;]jfu|fxL 5g eg] dfGg klg ;lsG5 .

cf_ t/fO{sf nflu sdf08÷Sni6/ Pl/of $)–@)) x]S6/aLr x'g' kg]{

O_ Ps WUA jf l;+rfO{ ;d'bfosf] pk ;d"xx? k|ltlglwTj ug]{ cgf}krfl/s ;ldltsf] pkl:ylt k|df0f ePdf

O{_ pk cfof]hgf If]q le/fnf], cl:y/ 9nfgdf cjl:yt geO{ ;'/lIft :yfgdf /x]sf]

v_ ;+efJotf n]vfhf]vf

c_ ;j} pk cfof]hgf M k|:tfljt cfof]hgfn] ;Defljt v]tLkftLsf nflu kfgLsf] cfjZostfx? k'/f ug{ ;Sg] e/kbf]{ l;+rfO{ k|lalw x'g' kb{5 .

cf_ lxdfnL / kxf8L pk cfof]hgf M Open Conveyance System

sDtLdf !% k|lt;tn] l;+rfO{ If]qdf a[l4 tyf hf8f] / udL{ df};dsf] a'O{ jfnLsf sf/0f sDtLdf !) k|lt;tn] s[lif pTkfbgdf a[l4 ug{ ;+efljt

lnkm\6 of]hgfx?sf] xsdf M lah'nL kDk clwstd $) ld6/ lnkm\6 / g]kfn laB't k|flws/0fsf] -NEA_ lat/0f lu|8df kg]{

cfof]hgfsf] nfut $ !))) k|lt x]S6/;Dd

Woter Storage and Pipe Conveyance System :

¨ Ps jif{sf] cjwLdf l;+lrt If]qsf] s'n If]qkmnsf] sd;]sd @% k|lt;t hldgdf laz]if t/sf/L / gub] jfnlsf hf8f] / udL{ ofdsf b'O{ jfnL pTkfbg ug]{ of]hgf

¨ k|:tfljt l;+rfO{ pk cfof]hgfsf] nflu !@ 306f l;+rfO{ ug{ Go'gtd kfgL e08f/0f

¨ cfof]hgfsf] nfut $ !%)) k|lt x]S6/;Dd 

O{_ t/fO{ If]qsf pk cfof]hgf M

lnkm\6 of]hgfx?sf] xsdf M lah'nL kDk clwstd $) ld6/ lnkm\6 / g]kfn laB't k|flws/0fsf] -NEA_ lat/0f lu|8df kg]{

O{_ laBdfg k|0ffnL k'gM :yfkgfsf] nflu M

sDtLdf !% k|lt;tn] l;+lrt If]qdf a[l4 tyf hf8f] / udL{ df};dsf] j'O{jfnLsf sf/0f sDtLdf !) k|lt;t s[lif pTkfbgdf a[l4 ug{df ;+efljt÷cfof]hgfsf] nfut $ !))) k|lt x]S6/;Dd .

p_ gofF l;+rfO{ lasf;sf nflu M

• cfsfz] kfgLsf] e/df v]tLkftL x'g] hldgnfO{ l;+lrt If]qdf kl/jlt{t ug{ ;+efljt e} sDtLdf !) k|lt;t n] s[lif pTkfbgdf a[l4 ug{sf nflu .

• cfof]hgfsf] nfut $ !%)) k|lt x]S6/;Dd

#= pk cfof]hgf 5gf}6 k|lqmof M k|flalws ?kn] ;DefJo M e'ldut l;+rfO{ cfof]hgf

s_ :qmLlgË

• sDtLdf $) x]S6/÷Sni6/sf] a[xt If]q æSni6/Æ

• k|:tfljt cfof]hgfsf] Sni6/ If]qleq ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ cgf}krfl/s ;d"xsf] pkl:ylt

• Sni6/ If]qdf ;txL l;+rfO{ cfof]hgfsf nflu kof{Kt kfgL gePsf] .

• NEA Kf|flws/0fsf] !! s]aLp lu|8jf6 Ps lsldleq kg]{ jf nueu $ !%)) k|lt x]S6/;Dd vr{ cg'dfg ePsf] Sni6/

• cg's'n e'ldut hn e08f/sf] cj:yf / cf;]{lgs ;+qmd0fsf] hf]lvd sd ePsf] Sni6/ If]q

v_ ;DefJotf n]vfhf]vf

• k|To]s Tubewell sf] l;+lrt If]q sDtLdf $ xhf/ x]S6/÷s'jfsf] Go'gtd Ifdtf !) nL k|lt ;]s]08 x'g' kg]{ 

• cfof]hgf nfut -laB'tLs/0f ;d]t_ $ !%)) k|lt x]S6/;Dd / laB'tLs/0f jfx]s $ &)) k|lt x]S6/;Dd ;+/rgfTds k|lt:yfkg -lgoldt dd{t ;Def/ ;lxt_ sf] nflu WUA sf] Contingency Fund hDdf x'g] u/L jflif{s ?kdf cfsl:ds sf]if v8f ug'{ kg]{

• cfof]hgfjf6 s'g} klg nf]kf]Gd'v cflbjf;L hghftLx?sf] j:tL, P]ltxfl;s / ;fF:s[lts :yn jf ;+/lIft If]qx?sf] cltqmd0f gx'g]

• s'g} klg cfof]hgfsf] dxTjk"0f{ jftfj/0fLo k|efj gx'g] .

qmd; M o; ;Gb]zsf] jfFsL c+z csf]{ c+sdf k|sfzg ul/g]5  .

kqsfl/tf lg:jfy{ eP dfq} kqsfl/tf x'G5

5q ;fpb -cWoIf_

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3, 88]Nw'/f zfvf

tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/ro kfpF g <

—5q ;fpb, ju/sf]6 uflj; jf8{ g+= $ s'P]nL 88]Nw'/f xfn cd/u9L % cd/l;+x dfu{ 88]Nw'/f

tkfO{n] lsg kqsfl/tf k]zf /f]Hg' eof] <

—;dfhdf b]lvPsf ljs[ltlj;+ult Gog u/L ;Eo ;dfh lgdf{0fdf 6]jf k'¥ofpg] p2]Zo ;'? ul/Psf] xf] .

slt ;do eof] o; k]zfdf nfu]sf] <

—d}n] @)%$ ;fn b]lv  o; k]zfdf ;+nUg ePsf] lyPF .

s:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <

—;dfh ?kfGt/0fdf 6]jf k'Ug] vfnsf ;dfrf/ tyf n]vx? n]Vg] u/]sf] 5' .

Ps kqsf/ eP/ cfO{kg]{ ;d:ofx? s] s] b]Vg' ePsf] 5 <

—xfd|f] h:tf] k5}f6]  ;dfhdf ljleGg vfn] ;d:ofx? 5g\ h:df d'Vo u/L kl5Nnf] cj:yfdf ljleGg If]qn] ;~rf/dfWo tyf kqsf/nfO{ k|of]u ug{] ePsfn] x/]s ;dfrf/ Vofn gu/L ;Dk|];0f ug{] xf] eg]    x/]s ;dfrf/df y|]8 cfpg] ub{5g\ . /fhg}lt If]qjf6 cTolws / e|i6frf/Lx?jf6 j9L ;d;of cfpg] ub{5g\ .

tkfO{n] ;~rfng ul//x]sf] lxn6fO{D; b}lgs s;/L rln/x]sf] 5 <

—;'b"/klZrdsf kxf8L lhNnfjf6 klxnf]k6s k|sflzt b}lgs klqsf ePsfn] ;'?;'?df ljleGg cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ?kdf ;d:ofx? cfpg] ub{y kl5Nnf ;dodf eg] vf;} To:tf ;d:of 5}gg\ . ;j}eGbf j9L kf7sx? Go"g /xg' / lj1fkgbftfx?df lj1fkgsf] dxTj j'em\g g;s]sf sf/0f Go"g lj1fkgsf    sf/0f klqsf 3f6fdf k|sflzt xF'b} cfPsf] 5 . @)^@ ;fn kmfu'g b]lv z'? ePsf] klqsfxn;Dd klg lj1fkg / kf7s j[l4 x'g g;Sbf 3f6f g} 5 .

df]km;n kqsfl/tfsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;/sf/n] s:tf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{ <

—g]kfn ;/sf/n] df]km;nsf klqsfx?sfnflu If]qLo:t/df lj1fkg k|flws/0f :yfkgf u/L ;j} klqsfx?n] klqsfsf] ljt/0fsf] cfwf/df lj1fkg pknJw u/fpg' k5{ / lj1fkg s]Gb|Lo:t/sf klqsfnfO{ nfv} lbg ;lsg] tyf :yfgLo:t/sf klqsfnfO{ ;odf dfq lj1fkg pknJw u/fpg] kl/kf6Lsf sf/0f df]km;sf klqsfx? ;+s6df k/]sf 5g\ . hgr]tgf / ;dfh ?kfGt/0fdf :yfgLo :t/s} klqsfsf] j9L dxTj /x]klg To;df ;/sf/L gLltsf sf/0f ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 .

tkfO{ cfkm} klg g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 88]Nw'/f zfvfsf] cWoIf x'g'x'G5, df]km;n kqsf/x?sf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu dxf;+3sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' eof]  <

—g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf lhNnf zfvfx?n] s]xL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;S5g . 88]Nw'/fsf] xsdf kqsf/ dxf;+3n] :yfgLo:t/df ljleGg If]q;+u lj1fkg Ps?ktf sfod u/L ;j} ;~rf/ dfWodfO{ ;dfg ?kn]  ljt/0fdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpb} cfPsf] 5 .

df]km;nsf ;~rf/dfWod / ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] xs lxtsf nflu kqsf/x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

—vf;u/L kl5Nnf s]lxjif{ otf 88]Nw'/f lhNnfdf kqsf/x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx? v'n]sf 5g\ . ;+u7g v'n]/ kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf;df 6]jf k'Ug'sf] ;f6f] cfk;L dgd'6fjn] em\g ;d:of leq\ofPsf] 5 . ;+u7g :yfkgf eP/ ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] xs lxtdf j9L 6]jf k'Ug' kg{]df To:tf] b]lvPsf] 5}g .

tkfOsf] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <

—kqsfl/tf eg]sf] ;dfhfnfO{ cb[:o ?kdf 8f]¥ofpg] Ps ;+oGq xf], hg' ;+oGqn] ;dfhdf x'g] /fd|f g/fd|f ;j} vfn] s[ofsnfkx?nfO{ 6«fosdf Nofpg] sfd ub{5 . To;}n] kqsfl/tfnfO{ /fHosf] rf}yf] c+Ësf ?kdf    kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5 . kqsfl/tf lg:jfy{ x'G5 . p:n] n]Vg] ;j} s'/f lg:jfy{ x'g' k5{ . cfkm'nfO{ kmO{bf x'g] n]Vg] / gx'g] gn]Vg] xf] eg] Tof] lkt kqsfl/tf x'G5 . kqsfl/tf lg:jfy{ eP dfq} kqsfl/tf x'G5 .

clxn] kqsfl/tf If]q jb\gfldt x'Fb}5, kqsfl/tf If]qdf nfu]s}x?n] lbpF;} hfF8 vfP/ xNnf ug]{, cfkm'nfO{ 5'§} b'lgFofsf] dfG5] 7fGg], ;dfrf/nfO{ lnP/ df]ndf]nfO{ ug]{ h:tf k|a[lQx? klg b]lvPsf 5g eGg] cf/f]k 5 nfUg] u/]sf] 5, tkfO{nfO{ s] nfU5 <

—b]z ;+qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfdf u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . lgod sfg'df ;+rfng x'g g;ls/x]sf] c:yfdf unt k|j[lt ePsfx? ;+rf/ If]qdf klg 3';k}7 ePsf x'g ;S5g\ . :jR5 k]zfnfO{ jbgfd ug{] e|i6x?n] kqsf/nfO{ ljleGg k|nf]egdf kf/]/ lkt kqsfl/tf ug{ clek|]l/t ug{ yfn]sf] o:tf vfn jbgfldt kqsf/sf sf/0f ;du| kqsfl/tf If]q jbgfd x'g yfn]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ /f]Sg g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 tyf ;Dj4 ;+:yfx?n] :jRg' h?/L ePsf] 5 .

df]km;n kqsfl/tf If]qdf ;'wf/sf nflu tkfO{ ;/sf/nfO{ s] ;'emfj lbg rfxfg'x'G5 <

—df]km;nsf] kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf; ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknJw u/fpFb} cfPsf] nf]sNof0fsf/L lj1fkgdf j[l4 ug'{ cfjZs 5 . / To;sf ;fy;fy} If]qLo:t/df lj1fkg k|flws/0f :yfkg ug{' cfjZos 5 . df]km;nsf] kqsfl/nfO{ ;zQm jgfpg :yfgLo:t/sf ;dfrf/x?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' klg cfjZos 5 .

cGTodf s]xL eGg dg nfu]sf] 5 <

—;~rf/ If]qsf] u'0ffTds ljsf; 5f]6f] ;dodf w]/} ef] t/ Sjfln6Lsf] ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g\ . cj Sjfln6LnfO{ klg ;+u;+u} n}hfg' h?/L 5 . ;'b'/klZrd g]kfns} wlg ljsf; If]q x'g' kg{]df ;~rf/ If]qsf] ljsf; h;/L x'g' kg{] xf] To;/L x'g g;Sg] / ;~rf/ If]qn] cfkm\gf] p2]Zo ;du| ;'b'/klZrdsf] ljsf;df 6]jf k'Ug] vfnsf ;dfrf/ tyf n]vx? lbg g;Sg' / /fHon] 5'§ofPsf] Go"g /sd klg k|d'v JolQm sfo{fnodf pkl:yt gx'Fbf jh]6 lkmtf{ hfg' o; If]qsf] k|d'v ;d:of xf] .

nf]s ;]jf tof/Lsf nflu pkof]uL

gd'gf j:t'ut k|Zgx?

!= ;g @)!$ sf] h'g @* df ci6]«lnofsf] d]njg{df j;]sf] cfO{l;;L -ICC_ sf] jf]8{ a}7sn] g]kfn;+u} csf]{ s'g d'n'snfO{ 6\jf06L–6\jf06L /fi6«sf] dfGotf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 <

— g]b/Nof08

@= O{6fnL / p?Uj]aLr ePsf] ;g @)!$ sf] laZjsk km'6jndf O{6fnLsf rlr{t l8km]08/ hlh{of ;f]nLlgnfO{ bftn] 6f]s]/ cdfgjLo Jojxf/ u/]sf] 36gfnfO{ lnP/  lkmkmfsf] pRr :t/Lo cg'zf;g cfof]un] p?Uj]sf s'g v]nf8LnfO{ $ dlxgfsf] nflu s'g} klg km'6jn v]n v]Ng gkfpg] u/L sf/jfxL u/]sf] 5 <

— n'O{; :jf/]h -pgL p?Uj]sf rlr{t :6fO{s/ x'g_

#= laZjsf] ;j}eGbf j9L /fi6«;+u l;dfgf hf]l8Psf] b]z s'g xf] <

— ?;

$= ;g @)!$ d] df ePsf] ;fs{ lkmNd km]l:6jndf pTs[i6 cleg]qL s;nfO{ 3f]lift ul/of] <

— ul/df kGt, g]kfn -;tL k|yfdf cfwfl/t rnlrq æemf]nfÆ df

u/]sf] clego jfkmt_

%= g]kfndf dlxnfn] ;DjGw laR5]b ubf{ c+z kfpg] sfg'gL Joj:yf slxn] b]lv nfu' ePsf] xf] <

— la=;+= @)%( c;f]h !) jf6 -d'n'sL P]g @)@) sf] P3f/f}+ ;+;f]wg_

^= laZjsf] s'n hn/fzLdWo] g]kfnsf] hn>f]tn] slt k|lt;t cf]u6\5 <

— @=@& k|lt;t

&= ;fdfGotof Ps hgf JolQmnfO{ b}lgs slt u|fd g'g cfjZos kb{5 <

— % u|fd -t/ g]kfndf ;/b/ Ps hgfn] b}lgs !) u|fd g'g vfg] ub{5_

*= g]kfn ;Djt\sf] ;'?jft slxn]jf6 ePsf] xf] <

— la=;++= (#^, sflt{s @% ut]jf6

(= /Qmlxg qmflGt eg]/ s'g qmflGtnfO{ lrlgG5 <

— uf}/jdo qmflGt -of] qmflGt j]nfotdf ;g !^** df ePsf] lyof]_

!)= g]kfnsf] s'g hftLdf ;'kf/L ljjfxsf] k|rng 5 <

— lwdfn

!!= g]kfnsf] gjf}+ / bzf}+ of]hgfdf bf]xf]l/Psf] Ps dfq p2]Zo s'g xf] <

— u/LjL lgjf/0f

!@= laZjdf ;jf{lws s]/f pTkfbg ug]{ b]z s'g xf] <

— ef/t

!#= ;u/dfyf eGbf * lsld klZrddf cjl:yt s'g kj{tnfO{ Unmarried Daughter pkgfdn] lrlgG5 <

— k'df]/L -z]kf{ efiffdf k'df]/Lsf] cy{ Unmarried daughter x'G5_

!$= ;f}o{ d08nsf] s'g u|xnfO{ lgnf] u|x (Blue Planet) elgG5 <

— k[YjL

!%= dlxnfdf x'g] kf7]3/sf] d'vsf] SofG;/df s'g efO{/; j9L lhDd]jf/ dflgG5 <

— x\o'Dofg KofkLnf]df -&) k|lt;t kf7]3/sf] SofG;/ o;} efO{/;sf sf/0fn] x'G5_

!^= ef/tsf] lh l6eLjf6 k|;f/0f ul/g] l/ofnL6L ;f] æ8fG; O{lG8of 8fG; lnl6n df:6/Æ sf] t]>f] l;hgsf] pkfwL s:n] lhltg\ <

— g]kfnsf] j'6jn 3/ ePsL t]l/of kmf}hfdu/

!&= laZjsf] s'g dxfb]znfO{ ;+;f/sf] lrl8of3/ elgG5 <          — clk|msf

!*= lxGb'x?sf] k|l;4 wd{u|Gy æuLtfÆ df slt cWofo 5g <           — !*

!(= @) jif]{ lb3{sfnLg ;8s of]hgf x'nfsL dfu{n] g]kfnsf] k"j{b]lv klZrd;Dd slt lhNnfnfO{ 5f]Psf] 5 <

— @) lhNnf

@)= ;g !(($ sf] h'nfO{df a[x:klt u|xdf 7f]lsP/ rSgfr'/ ePsf] k'R5«] tf/fsf] gfd s] xf] <                                                 — ;'d]s/ n]eL

>f]t ;+sns÷/fd lai6

;"rgf÷;Gb]z ÷la1fkg

jN8{ lehg cGt/fli6«o g]kfn 8f]6L, ;dfg kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| -l;8_ g]kfn, lhNnf jfn sNof0f ;ldlt / laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxsåf/f hf/L

afn ;+/If0f ;Gb]z

afnSnan] ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg] lqmofsnfkx¿sf] ;"rL

afn;+/If0fsf] clwsf/sf] nflu M

¨ ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿dfkm{t\af6 cy{k"0f{ afn;xeflutfsf] cEof; ug]{ u/fpg], 

¨ afnleQ]klqsf k|sfzg ug]{ ;fy} jfnSnanfO{ afnaflnsfsf] :jtGq ;+:yfsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ub{} n}hfg],

¨ :ofaf;L / xf};nf kfpg] jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ug{ ;Qm5g\ . 

;du|df eGg'kbf{, afn;xeflutfsf] cy{k"0f{ cEof;n] afnarfj6,afnljsf; / afn;+/If0fsf] clwsf/ k|flKtdf afnSnjnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;Sb5g\ .

afnSnjsf ultljlw tyf lqmofsnfkx¿af6 k|fKt eO/x]sf pknlAwx¿ M

¨ afnaflnsfsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 x'g' / pgLx¿ af]Ng ;Sg] x'g',

¨ :jf:Yo lzIff / ;r]tgfdf afnaflnsfsf] kx'Fr j[l4 x'g' 

¨ afnSnasf] ;b:o ;+Vofdf j[l4 x'g',

¨ ;dfhdf /x]sf s'/Llt, cGwljZjf;, e]befjsf] klxrfg eO{ To;sf] af/]df cfjfh p6\g',

¨ ;d'bfosf afnaflnsfsf] cj:yf ljZn]if0f ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngL x'g',

¨ lzIffaf6 jl~rt afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ ljBfno egf{ ug{' / clen]v /fVg',

¨ egf{ ePsf afnaflnsf ljBfno uP guPsf] cg'udg :jod\ afnSnasf ;b:ox¿n] ug{ yfNg'

¨ :yfgLo cleefjsx¿df r]tgf clej[l4 eO{ ;d'bfodf hGd btf{sf] ;+Vofdf j[l4 ePsf] tyf afnljjfxsf] ;+Vofdf sdL cfpg'

¨ ;fyL ;DaGwdf j[l4 x'g'

¨ afnaflnsfsf afnclwsf/;+u ;DalGwt n]v/rgfx¿ afnleQ]klqdf k|sfzg x'g',

¨ afnSnasf kbflwsf/Lx¿k|lt ;d'bfosf] ;Ddfhgs Jojxf/ x'g'

¨ afnaflnsfsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu -h:t} M afnljjfx /f]Sg', lx+;f s'6lk6, b'Jo{jxf/ sd x'g', cflb_ ;xof]u k'Ug'

¨ afnSnax¿sf] kx'Frdf clea[l4 x'g' tyf afnSnan] cfkm\gf] klxrfg agfpg ;kmn x'g'

¨ afnSnax¿sf] ;xeflutf x/]s If]qdf a9\g yfNg' / afnaflnsfn] cfkm\gf d'2fx¿ vf]hL u/L r]tgf clej[l4 ug{ ;Sg'

¨ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿åf/f ;xsfo{ / klxrfgsf] jftfj/0f tof/ x'g'

¨ :yfgLo:t/sf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿dWo] uflj;nfO{ k|d'v ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] ¿kdf klxrfg u/L afnclwsf/ k|j4{gsf nflu uflj;af6 ah]6 ljlgof]hg x'g yfNg', cflb .

@= ;+/If0fsf ;jfnx¿sf] klxrfg 

   afnaflnsfn] b]vfpg] Joaxf/ tyf nIf0fx?sf] larf/ u/L afnaflnsf b'Jo{axf/ tyf lx+;fdf k/] gk/]sf] a'‰g'nfO{ klxrfg elgG5 . afnaflnsf dfly x'g;Sg] ;+eflat b'Jo{axf/ tyf lx+;f s:tf vfnsf x'G5g\, s:tf k/Ll:yltsf afnaflnsfx? a9L hf]lvddf 5g\, / b'Jo{axf/ tyf lx+;fdf k/]sf afnaflnsfx?df s:tf ;+s]tx? larf/ ug'{ kb{5 eGg] s'/f dfq Wofg lbbFf klg afnaflnsfdfly x'g;Sg] b'Jo{axf/ tyf lx+;f w]/} xs;Dd Go"lgs/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . cyjf s'g} b'Jo{axf/ tyf lx+;f ;'?sf] r/0fdf yfxf kfpg ;Sbf pQm afnaflnsfsf cGo ;+efljt hf]lvdx?sf] /f]syfd ug{ ;lsG5 eg] c? afnaflnsfnfO{ ;f]xL k|sf/sf ;d:ofaf6 6f9f /fVg ;lsG5 . qmd;M

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no 8f]6L, o'gfO{6]8 ld;g 6' g]kfn 8f]6L Sni6/, ;dfg' kx'Fr lasf; s]Gb| l;8 g]kfn / laDa g]kfnL ;fKtflxs 8f]6Låf/f hglxtsf nflu hf/L æ:jf:Yo ;Gb]zÆ

dfgl;s c;Gt''ng -Psychosis_

dfgl;s c;Gt'ng -kfunkg_ eg]sf] Pp6f s8f vfnsf] dfgl;s /f]u xf] . o;df la/fdLsf] larf/x?, cg'ejx? / Jojxf/ c:jefljs / ;fdfGo dflg;sf eGbf lgs} km/s vfnsf x'G5g . la/fdLnfO{ cfkm\gf] Jojxf/df cfPsf] u8\j8L jf/]df 1fg x'Fb}g . To;}n] logLx? :jo+ cfkm'df s'g} la/fdL jf ;d:of 5 eg]/ a'em\b}gg\ / pkrf/sf nflu klg c:ktfndf :jo+ cfpFb}gg\ .

dfgl;s c;Gt'ngnfO{ lgDg nIf0fjf6 lrGg ;lsG5

em'6f] laZjf; jf unt laZjf; M x'Fb} gePsf] s'/f xf] eGg] h:t} M dflg;x?n] k5\ofO{/x]sf 5g, dfg{ vf]h]sf 5g, vfgfdf laif ld:ofPsf 5g, km;fpg] of]hgf jgfO{/x]sf 5g cflb . kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf c? s;}n] o:tf] xf]O{g jf ePsf] 5}g eGbf pN6} l/;fpg] u5{g .

ldYofefif cg'e'lt -c?n] g;'g]sf] jf gb]v]sf] s'/f ;'Gg] jf b]Vg]_ M o:tf  la/fdLx?n] cfkm'nfO{ s;}n] jf]nfPsf] jf ufnL u/]sf] ;'G5g t/ pgL;+u} j;]sf c? s;}n] klg ;'Gb}gg\ . To;}n] sltko j]nf o:tf /f]uLx? lo cfjfh;=u s'/f ul//x]sf jf k|ltpQ/ lbO{/x]sf x'G5g .

jfgL Jojxf/df kl/jt{g M of] /f]u nfUg' eGbf klxn]sf] jfgL Joxf]/f / /f]u nflu;s]kl5sf] jfgL Joxf]/fsf] t'ngf u¥of] eg] km/s x'g ;S5 . PSn} jf]Ng], PSn} xf:g], laleGg O{;f/f ug]{, ;–;fgf] s'/fdf l/;fpg], emu8f ug]{, ;/;kmfO{ gug]{, PSn} htf kfof] Tot} lx8\g] h:tf Jojxf/ ug{ ;S5g . o:tf la/fdLn] s'g} cb[io zlQmjf6 cfkm' ;~rfng ePsf] dx;'; ug{ ;S5g . o:tf la/fdLn] cy{lxg -Senseless_ s'/f klg ug{ ;S5g . /f]usf] pkrf/ gu/] gfË} lx8\g] / nfh gdfGg] klg x'g ;S5g .

d la/fdL 5' eGg] 1fgsf] cefj M k|fo la/fdL x'Fbf, la/fdL ePsf] cg'ej x'g ;S5 t/, o:tf la/fdLx?n] cfkm'nfO{ h] cg'ej ePsf] 5 l7s 5, cfkm'n] h] s'/f ub}{5' ToxL l7s xf], cfkm'n] h:tf] Jojxf/ ul//x]sf] 5' l7s 5 eG5g pgL . To;}n] pgLx? c:ktfn hfg jf cf}ifwL vfg dfGb}gg\ .

c;Gt'lnt dg M dfgl;s c;Gt'ng ePsf /f]uLx?sf] dg k|foh:tf] c;Gt'ngg} /xG5 . pgLx? lagf sf/0f cToflws v'zL jf b'MvL jf cfqmf]l;t x'g] ub{5g .

nIf0fx? M lgGb|f /fd|f] kb{}g, vfgf hlt klg vfg] jf gvfg] x'g ;S5, ;fgf] s'/fdf emu8f ug]{ / l5§} cfj]zdf cfpg] klg x'g ;S5 . la/fdLx?n] cfk\mgf dfGohg;+u eu8f ug{ cK7]/f] dfGb}gg\, ufnL ug]{, bf]if nufpg] / xft ;d]t 5f]8\g ;S5g .

dfgl;s c;Gt'ng ePsf /f]uLx? M

dfgl;s c;Gt'ng ePsf /f]uLx? cfk\mgf] ;/;kmfO{df Wofg glbg] x'gfn] kmf]xf]/L b]lvG5g . b}lgs ?kdf cfkm'n] lgefpg' kg]{ pQ/bfloTjk|lt Jojf:tf u5{g .

o:tf /f]uLx? Ps 7fpdf l:y/ eP/ j:g g;Sg], a9L 56k6L ug]{ ub{5g .

PrcfO{eL÷P8\;sf] cj:yf

ljZjdf ;g\ !(*! Dff klxnf] k6s PrcfO{le b]vf k/] otf o;n] #) s/f]8 dflg;sf] Hofg lnO{ ;s]sf] 5 eg] xfn sl/a #$ s/f]8 dflg; o;af6 ;+qmldt 5g\ . clt sd ljsl;t / ljsf;lzn /fi6«x?df PrcfO{le / P8\; Ps k|d'v r'gf}ltsf] ?kdf /lx cfPsf] 5 . To;}u/L g]kfndf klg c:j:ytf, clzIff, n}lËs c;dfgtf, afn tyf dft[ d[To' b/ h:tf ;d:ofx?;Fu} PrcfO{le / P8\;sf] a9\bf] ;+qmd0f hg:jf:Yosf] k|d'v r'gf}ltsf] ?kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 .

;g\ !(** df g]kfndf klxnf] k6s  b]lvPsf] PrcfO{len] clxn] k|fo ;a} lhNnf, zx/, ufpF, ;d'bfo / ;a} ju{, hft, lnË, wd{ / k]zfdf /x]sf dflg;nfO{ k|efljt kfl//x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o P8\; tyf of}g /f]u lgoGq0f s]Gb|sf] tYofÍ cg';f/ g]kfndf %),))) cg'dflgt PrcfO{le ;+qmldt 5g\ . g]kfndf ljz]if u/L sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf ljb]z hfg] ;d'x, k'?if ;dlnËLx?, dlxnf of}gsdL{ / pgLx?sf u|fxsx? / ;'O{4f/f nfu' kbfy{ lng] ;d'xdf dflg;x?df PrcfO{le ;+qmd0f a9L b]lvg] u/]sf] 5 .

;'b'/klZrddf s}nfnL / c5fdkl5 8f]6L lhNnf ;a}eGbf k|efljt lhNnf   xf] . @)&) sflQ{s d;fGt;Ddsf] tYofÍ cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf $#^ k'?if / %#^ dlxnf u/L hDdf (&@ hgf  PrcfO{le ;+qmldt b]vf kl/;s]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L o;sf sf/0fn] &! hgfn] Hofg u'dfO{;s]sf 5g\ . xfn 8f]6L lhNnfdf s]lx hf]lvd ;d'xx? h:t} sfdsf] nfuL ef/t nufot ljleGg d'n'sdf hfg] o'jf÷j:osx?df PrcfO{le ;+qmd0f a9\bf] ?kdf b]lvPsf] 5 / pgLx? Dfkm{t pgLx?sf >Ldlt / aRrfx?df klg PrcfO{le ;+qmd0f x'g] u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L ;j{;fwf/0f hg;+Vofdf ;d]t PrcfO{lesf] ;+qmd0f b]vf kl//x]sf] 5 . 8f]6L lhNnfdf PrcfO{lesf] ;+qmd0f ;aeGbf a9L pTkfbglzn pd]/sf dflg;df k/]sf] 5, h;n] ubf{ sdfO{ ug]{ /  kl/jf/ kfNg] lhDd]jf/L lnPsfx?g} PrcfO{le ;+qmldt ePkl5 d[To' eO{ clwsfz+ kl/jf/df afns / a[4x? dfq /xg] l:ylt cfPsf] 5 . o;df blnt ;d'bfo cem a9L k|efljt 5g\ .

g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f PrcfO{lesf] ;+qmd0f sd ug{ ljleGg k|of;x? hf/L 5g\ . ;|xz|flAb lasf; nIo cg';f/ PrcfO{eL pGd'ng g]kfn ;/sf/sf] klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /x]sf] 5, h;sf] nIo ;g\ @)!% ;Dd PrcfO{le ;+qmd0fnfO{ /f]Sg] / PrcfO{le ;+qmd0f km}lng glbg] /x]sf] 5 . of] nIo k|fKt ug{ ;/sf/n] clxn] ljleGGf sbd rfln/x]sf] 5, h:t} M lhNnf / /fli6«o:t/df P8\; ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g, lhNnf :jf:Yo÷hg:jf:Yo sfof{nodf lhNnf P8\; ;dGjo ;ldlt -DACC_nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ focal point sf] Joj:yf / /fli6«o :t/df k|fljlws ;ldltsf] Joj:yf cflb .

o;}u/L ljleGg /f]yfdsf sfo{x?df, ;xof]u / x]/rfx sfo{x?df / cGo k|fljlws sfo{x?df /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf / cGo lgsfox?sf] ;xof]u hf/L 5 . o;n] ubf{ s]xL jif{ otf PrcfO{lesf] gofF ;+qmd0f 36\bf] qmddf 5 . To;} u/L ARV cf}iflwsf] ljsf;n] P8\;af6 x'g] d[To'df klg sld eO{/x]sf]  5 . tyflk sdhf]/ cfly{s cj:yf, clzIff, hgr]tgfsf] sdL, cflb h:tf s'/fn] PrcfO{lesf] lgoGq0fdf r'gf}lt yKg] lglZrt 5 . o;sf nfuL ;/sf/, /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf / cGo lgsfox? larsf] ;xsfo{ cfpFbf lbgx?df ;d]t cfjZos 5 .

8f]6L lhNnfdf kfO{g] ;]jfx? M

¨lgz'Ns PrcfO{le hfFr tyf k/fdz{ ;]jf

¨lgz'Ns P=cf/=l6 ;]jf

¨lgz'Ns lk=Pd=l6=l;=l6 ;]jf

¨CD4 count ;]jf

¨s]o/ xf]d

¨CHBC ;]jf

¨k|]if0f tyf oftfoft vr{

lgz'Ns Pr=cfO{=le hfFr tyf k/fdz{ s]Gb|x? M

¨lhNnf c:ktfn, l;nu9L

¨lbkfon PrcfO{le hfFr tyf k/fdz{ s]Gb|

¨a'8/ Pr=cfO{=le hfFr tyf k/fdz{ s]Gb|

ljs[t tgfj (Conversion Disorder)

dfgl;s lrGtf, 8/, tgfj cflb hj zf/Ll/s nIf0fsf ?kdf b]lvG5g To;nfO{ Conversion Disorder jf lx:6]l/of jf ljs[t tgfj elgG5 . JoQm ug{ g;lsg] dfgl;s tgfj zf/Ll/s nIf0fsf] ?kdf kl/jt{g -Convert_ x'g] x'gfn] cfhsn of] ;d:ofnfO{ Conversion Disorder eg]/ lrlgG5 . ljs[t tgfjsf ?kx? klg km/s km/s x'g ;Sb5g . h:t} sf]xL dflg;df jf]Ng g;Sg] nIf0f b]vf k5{ eg] sf]xLdf :jfF :jfF x'g], 5f]Psf] yfx gx'g] / z/L/sf] s'g} c+u rnfpg g;Sg] x'G5 . b]jL b]jtf h:tf] jg]/ sfFKg] cj:yfnfO{ klg Conversion Disorder sf] ?kdf lnO{G5 . ljs[t tgfjsf la/fdLnfO{ efjgfTds lk8f x'G5, To;nfO{ sd ug{ cr]tg dgn] sf]lzif u/]sf] x'G5 . xfd|f] ;dfhdf o;nfO{ k|fo j]xf]; x'g] eg]/ eGg] ub{5g .

laleGg cWoogx?sf cg';f/ of] ;d:of k|foh;f] laBfno hfg] ls;f]/  ls;f]/Lx?df j9L dfqfdf kfO{Psf] 5, lsgls of] cj:yfsf laBfyL{x?df k9fO{sf] j9L dfqfdf jf]em eO{ tgfj ;[hgf x'G5 t/ tgfjnfO{ sd u/fpg] pkfo eg] pgLx?nfO{ yfx x'Fb}g . olb lzIfs jf cleefjsn] pgLx?nfO{ pgLx?sf] Ifdtf eGbf j9L ef/ lbg vf]h]df of] ;d:of b]vf kb{5 . h:t} s'g} laBfyL{nfO{ ltldn] k|yd >]0fLdf kf; ug}{ k5{ jf laBfnosf] O{Hht /fVg} k5{ eg]/ bjfj lbFbf ljs[t tgfjsf nIf0fx? b]lvg ;S5g .

of] ;d:of dlxnfdf lsg j9L x'G5 <

dlxnfx?n] k'/ifsf] bfFhf]df cfkm\gf] s'/fx? JoQm ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . lk8fx? JoQm gu/L dgleq} u'D;fP/ /fVg] x'gfn] dlxnfx?df of] ;d:of j9L b]lvg] u/]sf] x'G5 . of] ;d:ofnfO{ of}g;+u ufF;]/ dlxnfx?df j9L x'G5 eGg] cg'dfg u/]sf] kfO{G5 t/ o;sf] ;DjGw of}g;+u geO{ tgfj;+u j9L x'G5 . ;fdfGotof j]xf]; x'g] of] ;d:of ls;f]/x? eGbf ls;f]/Lx?df j9L b]lvG5 .

o; ;d:ofsf sf/0fx? M

¨ j+zf0f'ut

¨ JolQmTjdf u8\j8L, h:t} M ckl/kSj JolQmTj

¨ laleGg vfnsf cf3ft -;xg d'l:sn x'g] lk8f_, h:t} M lk|ohgsf] d[To', ;DklQ u'dfpg' cflb

¨ 3/sf] jftfj/0fsf] sf/0fn], h:t} M kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?;+u /fd|f] ;DjGw gx'Fbf x'g] tgfjsf sf/0fn] of] ;d:of x'g ;Sb5 .

¨ w]/} tgfj / lk8f x'g', h:t} M k/LIffdf c;kmn x'g jf s'g} k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng gkfpg' jf g;Sg' cflb

¨ laBfyL{x?df cfkm\gf] IfdtfeGbf j9L ef/ lzIfs jf cleefjsn] lbg vf]h]df of] ;d:of b]vf kb{5 .

¨ ;fyLefO{, lzIfsx?;+u /fd|f] ;DjGw gePsf sf/0fn] klg of] ;d:of b]vf kg{ ;Sb5 .

¨ 3/ kl/jf/, 3/sf] jftfj/0f, kfng kf]if0f tyf cleefjsx?sf] /fd|f] dfu{ bz{gsf] cefjdf of] ;d:of ls;f]/ls;f]/Ldf a9L b]lvg ;Sb5 .

o; ;d:ofsf nIf0fx? M

¨ j]xf]; x'g] (Fainting, fits or pseudo-seizure)

¨ sfDg] (convulsions)

¨ cb[io zlQmn] 5f]Kg] (Possession by supernateral power)

¨ xftv'§ emdemdfpg], nf6f] x'g] (Paresthesia, Anesthesia)

¨ 3fF6Ldf 8Nnf] c8\s]sf] h:tf] x'g] (Globus Hystericus)

¨ jfsjfsL nfUg], jfGtf ug]{, k]6 b'Vg] (Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain)

¨ l56f]–l56f] :jf; km]g]{ (Hyperventilation)

¨ xft v'§f jf b'j} grNg] (Paralysis)

¨ cfjfh -jf]nL_ jGb x'g] (Aphonia)

¨ cfFvf gb]Vg] -Hysterical Blindness)

¨ ?g], s/fpg], lrRofpg] (Weeping, Shouting)

¨ sk8fx? RofTg], s'6lk6 ug]{ (Tearing Clothes, Assaultive)

¨ ;Demgf zlQm x/fpg] (Amnesia)

¨ htf dg nfUof] pt} lx8\g], bf}8\g] (Aimless Walking, Running)

;d:of ;dfwfgsf pkfox? M

¨ o;sf] pkrf/ dgf]a}1flgs tl/sfn] dgf]ljdz{ -k/fdz{_ lbP/ ug'{ kb{5 . s:tf] tgfjsf sf/0fn] ;d:of b]vfF kl//x]sf] 5, ;f] kQf nufP/ To;sf] lg/fs/0fsf pkfox? ckgfpg' kb{5 .

¨ cfdf j'jf of /f]uLnfO{ of] s'g} s8f /f]u xf]O{g elg ;Demfpg' k5{ .

¨ k|fo s'g} cf}ifwL ;]jg ug'{ x'Fb}g .

¨ lax] ul/lbPdf of] /f]u lgsf] x'Fb}g, emg /f]u jf ;d:of ylkg ;S5 .

Mass Conversion disorder (Mass Hysteria)

Ps} rf]6L Ps ;d"xsf Ps eGbf j9L ;b:ox?nfO{ o:tf] ;d:of x'G5 eg] o:tf] cj:yfnfO{ Mass Conversion disorder elgG5 . of] ;d:ofdf Ps} rf]6L w]/} hgfnfO{ Ps} k|sf/sf nIf0fx? b]vf k5{g . nIf0fx? ;fdfGo vfnsf b]lv lnP/ s8f vfnsf ;d]t x'g ;S5g . o:tf ;d:of ePsf] ;+u} j;]sf h:t} :s'n, SofDk;, xf]:6]n, lkslgsdf c? w]/} hgfnfO{ s'g} nIf0fx? b]vf gk/]sf] ePtfklg dgdf ;fdfGo 8/ nfu]sf] eg] x'g ;S5 . ;j{k|yd nIf0f b]lvg] la/fdLnfO{ Index Case elgG5 . pgsf] 3/df lbbL, cfdf jf cGo s;}nfO{ klxnf To:t} nIf0fx? b]lvPsf] x'g ;S5 .

o; ;d:ofsf] pkrf/ / Wofg lbg' kg]{ s'/fx?

¨ o:tf] j]nfdf laBfnodf lzIf0f sfd eGbf klg of] tgfjsf] Joj:yfkg ug{ k|fyldstf lbg'kb{5 . To;}n] la/fdL gePsf c? labfyL{x?nfO{ ;d"xdf /fv]/ ;fyLx?nfO{ of] ;fdfGo ;d:of xf], tgfj j9L x'Fbf slxn]sfFxL o:tf] x'G5 / tgfj Joj:yfkg ug{ l;s]kl5 sd x'Fb} hfG5 eg]/ a'emfpg] .

¨ sIffdf jf laBfnodf j]xf];sf] nIf0f b]lvPdf pQm laBfyL{nfO{ t'?Gt zfGt sf]7fdf nu]/ ;'tfP/ /fVg], jl/k/L c? j:g] / xft v'§f ;dfpg] gug]{ .

h:t} v]nx? v]Ng lbg], /dfO{nf k':ts syfx? k9\g lbg], lrq sf]g{, /Ë nufpg], au}+rf jf jfujfgLdf uP/ /dfO{nf] sfd ug]{ cflb .

¨ k7g kf7g ;'? ubf{ a9L /dfO{nf] lqmofsnfk ;dfj]z ug'{ kb{5 . hlt /dfO{nf] dxz'; s]6fs]6Ln] ub{5g, Toltg} dgsf] 8/ tyf c;'/Iffsf] efjgf sd eP/ hfg] / o:tf] ;d:of l5§f] x6]/ hfG5 .

¨ laBfnosf] ;d:of ePsf labfyL{x?nfO{ s;/L ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 ;f] sf] jf/]df pgLx?sf ;fyLx?nfO{ kof{Kt hfgsf/L lbg] tfls pgLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] ;fyLsf] jf/]df yk kL/ lrGtf lng gk/f];\ .

¨ df; lx:6]l/of ePsf] cj:yfdf olb b}jLzlQmsf] c;/ jf d[tfTdfsf] c;/ xf] eGg] laZjf; 5 eg] klg lzIfs / laBfyL{n] j;]/ 5nkmn ug]{ / ;d'bfodf cleefjs;+u klg 5nkmn u/L ;j}sf] ;xeflutfdf ;fdflhs rfnrng / ;+:s[lt cg'?k k'hfcfhf jf k|fy{gf ug]{ / To;kl5 cj o:tf] zlQmn] s'g} b'Mv glbg] jf/]df laBfyL{x?nfO{ a'emfpg' kb{5 .

¨ o;sf] pkrf/ dgf]j}1flgs tl/sfn] -k/fdz{_ ug'{kb{5 . 

kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;DalGw hfgsf/L

cfdf / aRrfsf] :jf:YonfO{ Wofgdf /fvL cfkm'n] rfx]hlt, lzIff lbg / kfng kf]if0f u/L ;DxfNg ;lsg] hlt / cfkm'n] rfx]sf] a]nfdf dfq aRrf hGdfpg ul/g] of]hgf kl/jf/ lgof]hg xf] .

kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf ;fwgx? M c:yfoL ;fwgx? M

lkN; rlSs M– dlxnfn] uef{Gt/ ug{ lbglbg} vfg'kg]{ ;fwg

l8kf]k|f]e]/f ;'O M– dlxnfsf] lkmnfdf jf kfv'/fdf nufpg] # dlxg] ;'O

sk/ 6L M– dlxnfsf] kf7]3/df /flvg] ;fwg . o;sf] k|of]un] !@ aif{ ;Ddsf] nflu ue{ lg/f]w ub{5 .

ODKnfG6 M– dlxnfsf] kfv'/fdf /flvg] SofK;'n . o;sf] k|of]un] # aif{ jf % aif{sf] nflu ue{ lg/f]wsf] sfd ub{5 .

s08d M– x/]s k6ssf] of}g ;Dks{df k'?ifn] k|of]u ug]{ ;fwg .

:yfoL ;fwgx? MldlgNofk M– dlxnfsf] nflu / Eof;]S6f]dL M– k'?ifsf] nflu

;]jfx? kfO{g] :yfg M– lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|, :jf:Yo rf}sL, pk–:jf:Yo rf}sL, ufpF3/ lSnlgs, 3'lDt lzlj/, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfaf6 ;+rflnt kl/jf/ lgof]hg lSnlgs -kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;+3_

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, 8f]6L

u|fdL0f ;d'bfo ljsf; s]Gb| -cf/l;l8l;_

3fªn 8f]6L

k|]z la1KtL

          u|fdL0f ;fd'bfo lasf; s]Gb| 8f]6Lsf] sfo{If]q /x]sf] a5}{g ufla;l:yt a5}{g pRr dfladf sfo{/t lzIfs lbks adsf] ldlt @)&! c;f/ !# ut] /ftL v's'/L k|xf/af6 xTof ePsf] 36\gfn] xfd|f] ;+:yf cToGt} b'lvt / ddf{xt ePsf] 5 . o; b'Mvb ca:yfdf xfdL d[t cfTdfsf] rL/ zflGtsf] nflu O{Zj/;+u k|fy{gf ub}{ zf]sfs'n kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;da]bgf AoQm ub{5f}+ .

          o;} ;Gbe{df a5}{gdf ePsf] b'vb xTof 36gfdf xfd|f] ;+:yfsf ;fdflhs kl/rfns tyf ;fwf/0f ;b:o lbk]Gb| h]7f/fsf] ;d]t k|ToIf ;+nUgtf /x]sf] k|f/lDes hfgsf/L aflx/ cfPsf] 5 . o;n] xfd|f] ;+:yfnfO{ emg b'lvt agfPsf] 5 . xfn;Ddsf] k|f/lDes hfgsf/Lsf cfwf/df cg';Gwfgsf nflu lbk]Gb| h]7f/fnfO{ k|x/Ln] lx/f;tdf lnO{;s]sf]n] xfd|f] ;+:yfsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ lgh lbk]Gb| h]7f/fnfO{ ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L tyf ;fwf/0f ;b:o ;d]t g/xg] u/L lg:sf;g ul/Psf] hfgsf/L u/fpb5f}+ . pQm 36gfsf] ;TotYo 5fglag u/L 36gfdf ;+nUg hf] ;'s} ePklg s8f eGbf s8f sfg"gL sf/jfxLsf] nflu xfdL hf]8bf/ dfu    ub{5f}+ .

u|fdL0f ;d'bfo ljsf; s]Gb| kl/jf/