;'/lIft
dft[Tj, ;'/lIft cfwf/
a8{ k\mn'sf]
vt/fjf6 hf]lug xfdL ;j} ;ts{ / ;r]t xf]cf}+ .
g]kfn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno
;"rgf ljefu
d'Vo ;dfrf/
8f]6L lhNnfsf] jh]6 b'O{ cj{ ##
s/f]8
!( cf}+ kl/ifb
;DkGg, ;8s lgdf{0fsf of]hgf k|fyldstfdf
cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# sf nflu b'O{ cj{ ## s/f]8sf] cg'dflgt
jh]6 lalgof]hg ub}{ 8f]6L lhNnf lasf; ;ldltsf] !( cf}+ kl/ifb ;f]djf/ ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 .
lalgof]hg
ul/Psf] /sd pQm /sd ;~rfngtkm{ &( s/f]8, ^# nfv @& xhf/ / k'FhLuttkm{
Ps cj{ %$ s/f]8 Ps nfv @) xhf/ ?k}ofF /x]sf] 5 . lhNnf lasf; ;ldltsf] gLlt tyf
sfo{qmd ;lxt cfPsf] pQm jh]6 lalgof]hgdf s'g} gofFkg gePsf] ;xefuLx?n] jtfPsf
5g .
lalgof]lht
jh]6 cg';f/ hg;+Vof tyf ;fdflhs ;ldlt cGt/ut &) s/f]8 !# nfv @( xhf/,
hn>f]t tyf e'ld ;ldlt cGt/ut %! s/f]8 #* nfv $$ xhf/, s[lif, jg tyf aftfj/0f
;ldlt cGt/ut $$ s/f]8 @@ nfv #@ xhf/ / k"jf{wf/ / ;+/rgf lasf; ;ldlt
cGt/ut ^& s/f]8 () nfv $@ xhf/ /x]sf] 5 .
o;
jif{sf] kl/ifb\n] u|fld0f ;8snfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] 5 . jftfj/0fLo k|efjnfO{
Wofg glbO{ ;8s lgdf{0fdf jh]6 lalgof]hg u/]sf] eGb} ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxf;+3 g]kfn 8f]6Lsf cWoIf s[i0f dnf;Ln] cfnf]rgf u/]sf 5g . nlIft ;d'bfo;Dd
k'Ug] u/L of]hgf 5gf}6 gu/]sf] eGb} lhNnf jlx/f ;+3sf cWoIf of]u]Gb| jf]u6Ln]
u'gf;f] u/] .
8f]6L
pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf la/]Gb| zfxn]
lhNnf lasf; ;ldltn] b'/ufdL dxTjsf of]hgftkm{ Wofg lbg g;s]sf] jtfP .
pgn] eg] …;'b"/klZrdsf] If]qLo ;b/d'sfdsf] lasf;sf nflu lhNnf lasf;
;ldltn] s'g} of]hgf jgfPsf] 5}g .Ú pgn] pRr dfWoflds lzIff kl/ifbsf] zfvf
sfof{no / pkIf]qLo c:ktfn 88]Nw'/fdf jgfO{bf ;d]t 8f]6Lsf hgk|ltlglwx?n] s'g}
cfjfh gp7fPsf]k|lt cfklQ k|s6 u/] .
u};;
dxf;+3 8f]6Lsf cWoIf nId0f v8\sfn] lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt / u};;x?n] Pscfk;df ;dGjo
u/]/ cuf8L j9\g' kg]{ jtfP . kl/ifbdf :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L Wofgs'df/ yfkfn] k/Dk/fut
of]hgfx?g} k|:tfljt u/]sf 5g . ;8s, l;+rfO{ s'nf], vfg]kfgL, t6jGwg nufotsf
k/Dk/fut of]hgfx?d} ah]6 a9L lalgof]hg ePsf] 5 . kl/ifbn] to u/]sf] gLlt tyf
sfo{qmddf cfocfh{gdf a[l4 u/L /f]huf/L ;[hgf ug]{ elgPklg To;nfO{ kl/k'lt{ ug]{
of]hgfx? Nofpg ;s]sf] 5}g .
;ef;b\
la/jxfb'/ jnfo/ k|d'v cltly / 8f]6Ljf6 ;+lawfg;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;ef;bx?
k|]djxfb'/ cfn] du/, e/tjxfb'/ v8sf / sNkgf ;f]j lalzi7 cltly /x]sf lyP t/
dlxnfx?nfO{ cfzg u|x0f gu/fPsf] eGb} cGt/kf6L{ dlxnf ;~hfnsL k|ltlglw dfof
s'Fj/n] cfklQ k|s6 u/]sL lyO{g . o:t} ckfËx?sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;+:yfnfO{ :yfg
glbPsf] eGb} nf]stflGqs ckfË ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf dxfb]j ef/tLn] cfqmf];
kf]v]sf lyP .
cGo
s'/fx? k/Dk/fut} ePklg o; jif{sf] kl/ifbn] lauteGbf s[lif If]qnfO{ cln dxTj
lbPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . pTs[i7 kqsf/nfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{ / o'jfx?nfO{ s[lif k]zfdf
cfslif{t ug]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . lasf; kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/jf6 ;Ddfg ug]{ gLlt ;d]t
lnO{Psf] 5 .
;DkfbsLo
lg0f{o sfof{Gjog xf];
lajfb, c;Gt'li6 / pT;fxsfaLr 8f]6Lsf] !( cf}+ kl/ifb ;f]djf/ ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . kl/ifbn] b'O{ cj{ ## s/f]8sf] jh]6 lalgof]hg klg u/]sf] 5 . laleGg
gLltut lg0f{o ;lxt u/]sf] 5 . lautdf x'g] u/]sf kl/ifb\x?eGbf km/s t o;
k6ssf] kl/ifb klg vf;} b]lvPsf] 5}g .
jh]6 lalgof]hg / gLltut lg0f{onfO{ cfwf/ dfGg] xf] eg] of] kl/ifbnfO{ kDk/fut}
dfGg' kg]{ cj:yf 5 .
kl/ifb\sf]
qmddf laleGg k|sf/sf c;xdltx? b]lvPsf] 5g, s;} cfzg u|x0fsf] lajfb 5 eg] st}
;dfj]zL x'g ;s]g eGg] laifodf lajfb b]lvof] . Toltdfq xf]O{g lhNnf lasf;
;ldltn] !( cf}+ kl/ifbsf] cj;/df ;Ddfg tyf k'/:s[t ul/Psf JolQmx?sf] ;Gbe{df
klg laleGg l6sf l6Kk0fLx? u/]sf kfO{P . lhNnf lasf; ;ldltleqs} sd{rf/L, ufpF
lasf; ;ldltsf ;lrjx? / cGo sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx?sf ;fy;fy} ;~rf/ If]qnfO{ ;Ddfg
ug]{ qmddf klg k|ZglrGx t v8f ePsf 5g t/ klg of] Pp6f ;'?jft ePsf sf/0f o;nfO{
lajfbsf] laifo jgfO{g' Tolt /fd|f] eg] kSs} klg xf]O{g . ;Ddflgt x'g] jf
k'/:s[t x'g]x? 5gf}6sf] dfkb08 ;DjlGwt cfof]hsn] jgfpg] xf] . cfhf]hsn]
cfkm\gf] cfFvfn] h] b]v]sf] 5 ;f]xL cg';f/ cuf8L a9\g] xf] . lglj{jflbt x'g]
u/L s'g} klg sfd ug{ ;Dej 5}g clxn]sf] b'lgofFdf . ;j} If]q, tx / ju{nfO{
/fhgLlts r:dfn] x]g]{ ePsf sf/0f lajfb ;[hgf x'g s'g} gofF laifoj:t' rflxG5
eGg] klg x'Fb}g .
v}/, !(
cf}+ lhNnf kl/ifb ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . kl/ifbn] lnPsf gLltx?, u/]sf lg0f{ox? /
lalgof]lht u/]sf] jh]6 ;xL tl/sfn] sfof{Gjog ug'{ u/fpg' cjsf] cfjZostf xf] .
of]hgf 5gf}6 eO{;s]kl5 cj lajfb u/]/ ;do v]/ kmfNg' eGbf klg cfufdL lbgx?df
of]hgfnfO{ s;/L k|efjsf/L jf pknJwLd'ns jgfpg ;lsG5 eGg]tkm{ ;j}n] ;f]Rg' kg]{
h?/L 5 .
lhNnf
lasf; ;ldltn] lhNnfsf] bLuf] cfly{s lasf; / :t/Lo k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf
k|efjsf/L ;]jf k|jfxåf/f cfocfh{gsf cj;/nfO{ la:tf/ ub}{ u/LjL Go"lgs/0fdf
;xof]u k'¥ofpg] gLlt lnPsf] 5 . oBkL pQm gLltnfO{ ;fy{s jgfpg] u/L kl/ifbjf6
s'g} of]hgf th'{df ePsf] 5}g . o;f] x]bf{ gLlt Psflt/ of]hgf Psflt/ 5 .
s]xL
cfznfUbf gLltx? klg kl/ifbn] u/]sf] 5 . s[lifnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] b]lvG5 .
o'jfx? lab]z knfog eO{/x]sf j]nf lhNnf lasf; ;ldltsf] of] lg0f{on] s[lif If]qdf
o'jfx?nfO{ k|j]z u/fpg ;S5 ls ;Sb}g Tof j]Un} s'/f xf]nf t/ ;'?jft ePsf] 5, of]
;sf/fTds xf] . To:t} lhNnfnfO{ afnd}qL lhNnf 3f]if0ff ug]{ s'/fnfO{ klg lgs}
k|fyldstfsf ;fy x]l/Psf] 5 . lhNnf ;b/d'sfd / cf;kf;s} ;/sf/L tyf gLlh
laBfnox?df clxn] klg lzIfsn] sIffsf]7fd} nf}/f] nu]/ hfg] k/Dk/f /x]sf j]nf
lhNnfnfO{g} afnd}qL lhNnf 3f]if0ff ug]{ dxTjfsf+IfL of]hgfn] slt ;fy{stf kfpF5
Tof] eg] eljZos} laifo xf] t/ klg xfdL ;j}n] kxn ug]{ xf] eg] pQm sfo{ klg
c;Dej eg] xf]O{g .
lhNnfdf
;fdflhs hjfkmb]xLtfsf If]qdf ;fdflhs k/LIf0f, ;fj{hlgs k/LIf0f / ;fj{hlgs
;'g'jfO{ h:tf lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] of]hgf jgfO{Psf] 5 . of] klg
cfkm}df Ps dxTjk"0f{ kf6f] xf] . o;n] ;]jfk|bfos / ;]jfu|fxLaLrsf]
;DjGwnfO{ cem z'b[9 jgfpg d2t u5{ . ;du|df lhNnf lasf; ;ldltn] lnPsf gLltx?
sfof{Gjog ug{lt/ ;j}n] kxn / ;xof]u ug'{ kb{5 . cGoyf lautsf kl/ifb\jf6 lnPsf
gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx? h:t} lg0f{o ug]{ t/ sfof{Gjog gug]{ xf] eg] of] kl/ifbsf]
klg s'g} cy{ x'Fb}g .
yk
;dfrf/
/S;Ln] s;}sf] enf] ub}{g
æd}n] d]/f] hLjgdf kfgL eGbf a9L /S;L vfP x'Fnf t/ Tof] /S;Ln]
dnfO{ lk8f jfx]s c? s]xL klg lbPg . To;}n] d ;j};+u cfu|x u5'{ /S;L gvfg'xf];
.Æ
pgnfO{
;]7 eGg] ul/GYof] . ;]7 eGg] zJb ;'b"/–klZrddf wgLdfgLnfO{ a'emfpg] zJb
xf] t/ pgnfO{ wgLdfgL eP/ xf]O{g clws /S;L ;]jg ug]{ ePsf sf/0f xf]RofP/ ;]7
eGg] ul/GYof] . pgL x'g af;'b]jL ufla;–( sf bQfl;+ s'Fj/ . !& jif{sf]
pd]/df dlb/f ;]jg ug{ ;'? u/]sf s'Fj/n] cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] dxTjk"0f{ pd]/;Dd
nuftf/ dlb/f ;]jg u/] .
@)@#
;fndf hGd]sf s'Fj/n] @)$) ;fnb]lv dlb/fsf] :jfb lng ;'? u/] ef/tdf ;fyLx?sf] nx}nx}df . sIff–# ;Dd dfq} cf}krfl/s k9fO{ u/]sf] pgnfO{
k9\g] /x/ t w]/} lyof] t/ cf7 jif{sf] pd]/d} a'jfsf] lgwg ePkl5 k9\g ;s]gg\ .
æa'jfsf] lgwg ePkl5 k9fO{ 5f]8]/ ef/tlt/ nfu] pt} ;fyLx?;+u /xFbf /S;L vfg ;'?
ul/of]Æ pgL eG5g æTo;kl5 t ntg} al;xfNof] .Æ
cfkm\gf]
hLjgsf] s/Lj @) jif{;Dd ef/tdf latfPsf s'Fj/nfO{ @)%( ;fn cyf{t ;g @))# df
dlb/f 5f]8\g' kg]{ jfWotf cfO{nfUof] . ædfr{ #) tfl/s lyof] Tof] lbgÆ pgL
;DemG5g æclws dlb/f ;]jg u/]/ ;'t]sf j]nf gfs / d'vjf6 nuftf/ /ut cfPkl5 d
c:ktfn uP, 8fS6/n] …/S;L vfg 5f]8\5; eg] aR5; gq sfqf]sf] tof/L u/Ú eg]kl5 d}n]
/S;L 5f]8] .Æ pgL eG5g æ/S;Ln]
d]/f] hLjgdf s'g} kmfO{bf u/]g, g t d}n] ;DklQ hf]8\g ;s], g d]/f] O{Hht aRof]
g t d]/f] :jf:Yog} jrfpg] ;s] .Æ
hj pgn]
/S;L 5f]8] To;kl5 pgn] ef/t hfg klg 5f]8] . ufpFd} ;fgf]ltgf] Jofkf/ ;'? u/] .
@)^) ;fndf pgn] v'b|f k;n ;'? u/] . clg la:tf/} pgsf] hLjgdf ;'wf/ cfpg yfNof]
. pgn] k;ns} sdfO{jf6 3/ jgfP, hdLg klg hf]8] . Jofkf/ Joj;fon] pgnfO{ /fd|f]
;fy lbof] . clxn] pgsf] kl/jf/sf] cfwf/e't cfjZostf ;lhn};+u k'/f eO{/x]sf] 5 .
lxhf]sf lbgdf xf]RofP/ ;]7 eGg]x? clxn] pgnfO{ ;flRrs} ;]7 eGg yfn]sf 5g .
æ/S;L g5f]8]sf] eP d of] b'lgofFdf x'g] lyPgÆ pgL 7§]pnL kf/fdf eG5g ætkfO{;+u
e]6 x'g' lyof] To;}n] jfFr] 5' .Æ
lautsf
lbgx?df cfkm'n] u/]sf] uNtLjf6 cfkm'nfO{ w]/} k5'tf] ePsf] pgL jtfpF5g . eG5g
æ/S;Lsf] g;fn] dft]kl5 emu8f ug{ lgp vf]Hg] clg hf] kfof] p;}n] s'6\g] uy]{ .Æ
cfkm' /S;L vfP/ cfPkl5 k;n]x?n] 9f]sf aGb u/]/ leq k:g] u/]sf] cg'ej ;'gfpF5g
pgL . pgL eG5g æToltj]nf Hofg klg /fd|f] lyof], Ps b'O{ hgfn] hfO{ nfUg] cfF6
klg ub}{gy] .Æ æTof] lbg x]bf{ cfkm'n] u/]sf] Jojxf/k|lt cfkm}nfO{ nfh nfu]/
cfpF5Æ pgL eG5g .
clxn]
pgL dlb/f ;]jg gug{ ;j}nfO{ cfu|x u5{g . dlb/f 5f]8]kl5 clxn] pgL ;fdflhs sfddf
nfUg] u/]sf 5g . ;fdflhs ?kdf pgsf] O{Hht la:tf/} j9\b} uPsf] 5 . dlb/f ;]jg
gug{ pgL ufpFdf ;j}nfO{ eGb} lx8]sf 5g .
dof{bfqmdjf/] bnx?d} b'O{y/L
tf]lsPsf] dof{bf cg';f/g} hfg'kg]{ gful/s ;dfhsf] wf/0ff
k'if @$ ut] ;DkGg lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsfsf] @! cf}+ kl/ifb\df
8f]6Lsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L nf]sgfy kf}8\ofnnfO{ /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwx?eGbf
kl5 cfzg u|x0f u/fO{of] . k|lhcn] sfo{qmdsf] ;'?d} dGtJo /fv] . pgn] dof{bfqmd
gldn]sf] eGb} c;xdlt JoQm u/]/ t'?Gt} jflxl/P .
sfo{qmdjf6
jflxl/P nuQ} pgn] cfkm\gf] sfo{sIfdf uP/ k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLkl/ifb\sf]
sfof{nosf] j]j;fO{6jf6 dof{bfqmdsf] ;"rL tfg]/ ;j} ;/sf/L sfof{nox?nfO{
;+k|]if0f u/] . k|lhc sfo{qmdjf6 jflxl/Pkl5 bnsf g]tfx?n] pgsf] cfnf]rgf u/] .
g]kfnL sf+u|];sf sfo{jxfs ;efklt /fdk|;fb pkfWofon] t /fhgLlts bnnfO{ c6]/ ug]{
l;l8cf]n] 8f]6Ljf6 emf]nLlemD6f jf]Sg] tof/L u/] x'G5 ;d]t eg] .
To;sf]
s]xL ;dokl5 cyf{t kmfu'g @ ut] ;'? ePsf] lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf] cfjlws
of]hgf lgdf{0f uf]i7Ldf k|lhcnfO{ klxn] cfzg u|x0f u/fPsf] eGb} 8f]6Lsf bnx?n]
alx:sf/ u/] . kmfu'g & ut] k|hftGq lbj;sf lbg cfzg u|x0f lajfbs} sf/0f
k|lhc / bnx?aLr xft xfnfxfnsf] cj:yf ;[hgf eof] .
!( cf}+
lhNnf kl/ifb\sf] tof/Lsf nflu z'qmjf/ ;fFem j;]sf] 8f]6Ldf lqmofl;n /fhgLlts
bnsf k|ltlglwx?sf] a}7sn] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L cWoIf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;xeflu x'g]
t/ k|d'v cltly, lalzi7 cltly jf bnsf k|ltlglw eGbf cuf8L k|lhcnfO{ cfzg u|x0f
u/fO{Psf] sfo{qmddf cfkm'x? ;xeflu gx'g] lg0f{o u/] . ;f]xL jdf]lhd !)% cf}+
cGt/fli6«o >lds dlxnf lbj;sf] cj;/df cfO{tjf/ :yfgLo 6'Fl8v]ndf ePsf] Ps
sfo{qmddf k|lhcnfO{ lalzi7 cltly jgfO{Psf] eGb} bnx?n] alx:sf/ u/] . lg0f{o
lakl/t sfo{qmddf ;xeflutf hgfPsf] eGb} g]kfnL sf+u|];n] k|]df >]i7nfO{ ;hu
klg u/fof] .
;f]djf/
;DkGg ePsf] lhNnf lasf; ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf] !( cf}+ kl/ifb pb\3f6g ;qdf /fhgLlts
bnnfO{ k|lhc eGbf klxn] cfzg u|x0f u/fpg] u/L sfo{tflnsf jgfO{Pkl5 k|lhc
kf}8\ofnn] klg pQm sfo{qmd jlx:sf/ u/] . bnx? / k|lhcaLr b]lvPsf] dof{bfsf]
lajfb dYy/ x'g] 5fF6 gb]lvPkl5 8f]6Ldf o; laifon] ;j{q rrf{ kfpg yfn]sf] 5 .
/fhgLlts bnsf g]tf sfo{stf{x?g} kIf lakIf ePsf 5g eg] gful/s ;dfhn] tf]lsPsf]
dof{bf cg';f/g} x'g' kg]{ wf/0ff /fv]sf 5g .
;f]djf/
;DkGg !( kl/ifb\sf] d'Vo laifog} /fhgLlts bn / k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LaLrsf] lajfb
/x\of] . /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf÷sfo{stf{b]lv ;~rf/–sdL{;Ddn] cfkm\gf] dGtJosf]
qmddf ;f]xL laifonfO{ dxTj lbP .
g]skf
Pdfn]sf 8f]6L ;lrj /fdjxfb'/ P]/n] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L eGbf klxn] cfzg u|x0f
ug{ kfpg' kg]{ elg bnx?n] lajfb pTkGg ug'{ unt ePsf] jtfP . æhgtfn] lhNnf
k|zf;g sfof{nojf6 kfpg] ;]jfdf s:tf] ;d:of em]ln/x]sf 5g ;f] sf] ;dfwfg ug{sf
nflu cfGbf]ng u/] bnx?sf] jxfb'/L b]lvGYof] xf]nfÆ kl/ifb pb\3f6g ;qdf z'esfdgf
dGtJo /fVb} P]/n] eg] …cfzg u|x0f ug]{ s'/fdf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lg} klxnf x'G5
.Ú cfkm' lhNnf lasf; ;ldltdf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglw /lx;s]sf] jtfpFb} P]/n]
Toltj]nf klg bnx?eGbf cuf8L k|lhcs} cfzg u|x0f u/fO{g] ul/Psf] jtfP . cfzg
u|x0fdf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lg} klxn] x'g] jtfpF5g g]kfnL sf+u|]; 8f]6L If]q–! sf
If]qLo ;efklt jdjxfb'/ s7fot . s7fot eG5g …xfdL /fhgLlts bnx? sfg'gL zf;gsf]
:yfkgf x'g'k5{ eg]/ cfGbf]ng ug]{ clg cfkm'n] klxn] cfzg u|x0f ug{ kfPg eg]/
;/sf/n] jgfPsf] dof{bf klg tf]8\g], of] s;/L x'g ;S5 Û
g]kfn
kqsf/ dxf;+3 8f]6Lsf ;lrj df]xg zfxL klg ;/sf/n] to u/]sf] dof{bfqmdnfO{ ldRg
gx'g] jtfpF5g . pgL eG5g …k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] klg cfkm\gf] Jojxf/ ;Rofpg'
kg]{ b]lvG5 / bnx?n] klg ;/sf/n] to u/]sf] dof{bfnfO{ :jLsfg{ ;Sg'k5{ .Ú
;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3 g]kfn 8f]6Lsf cWoIf s[i0f dnf;L eG5g …ls t ;/sf/n]
to u/]sf] dof{bfnfO{ Roft]/ kmfNg' k¥of], xf]O{g eg] ;f]xL cg';f/ x'g'k5{ .Ú
bnx?n] lxDdt eP ;//sf/;+u s'/f u/]/ dof{bfqmdsf] ;"rL kl/jt{g ug'{ kg]{
pgsf] wf/0ff 5 . cfkm'nfO{ o; jf/]df vf;} hfgsf/L gePsf] jtfpF5g 8f]6L SofDk;
8f]6Lsf ;xfos k|d'v ch'{g b]pjf . pgL eG5g …lajfb r'lnPsf] b]lvof], o;nfO{
;dfwfg ug]{lt/ hfg'k5{ .
lhNnf
jf/ P;f]l;o;gsf cWoIf uf]laGb hf]zLsf] wf/0ff eg] 5'§} 5 . plg eG5g …g]kfn
;/sf/n] to u/]sf] dof{bfqmddf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] klg dof{bf tf]lsPsf] 5}g .Ú
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;x;lrj dGqfnodf dfq} x'g] / clxn] kf}8\ofnsf] x}l;ot ;x;lrjdf
geO{ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] dfq} ePsf sf/0f k|lhc eGbf klxn] bnx?sf] cfzg u|x0f
u/fO{g' kg]{ pgsf] ts{ 5 . dof{bfqmddf s'g} lajfb ;[hgf ePdf u[xdGqfnodf n]lb
k7fpg] eGg] Joj:yf /x]sf] x'Fbf 8f]6Lsf bnx?n] u[xdGqfnodf n]lv k7fpg' kg]{
pgsf] wf/0ff 5 .
dof{bfqmdsf]
lajfbn] bnx? / k|lhcnfO{ ;d:of k/]sf] 5÷5}g Tof] 5'§} kf6f] xf]nf / o; lajfbn]
ubf{ ;/sf/L sfof{no / gful/s ;dfh ;+:yfx? ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ug{ eg]
8/fO{/x]sf 5g .
o; cl3
lhNnfdf ePsf laleGg sfo{qmdx?df /fhkq cg+lst sd{rf/Lx? k|d'v cltly x'Fbf ;d]t
8f]6Lsf bnx?n] ;xeflutf hgfPsf lyP . 8f]6Ldf clxn] /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf
k|lhc 5g .
hgtfsf] k|hftGq 5}g—v8sf
;+lawfg;efsf ;b:o e/tjxfb'/ v8\sfn] b]zdf hgtfsf] k|hftGq :yfkgf
gePsf] jtfPsf 5g .
ufpF
lasf; ;ldlt sd{rf/L ;+3 8f]6Lsf] bf]>f] lhNnf e]nfsf] pb\3f6gsf] qmddf
jf]Nb} ;ef;b\ v8sfn] ;f] s'/f jtfPsf x'g . ætkfO{ xfdL h:tf kx'Frjfnfx?sf nflu
gofF ;+lawfg rflxPsf] xf]O{gÆ v8sfn] eg] ægofF ;+lawfg t k|hftGqdf kx'Fr
gk'u]sf hgtfsf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{sf nflu rflxPsf] xf] .Æ gofF ;+lawfgn]
:yfgLo:t/sf] k|hftGqnfO{ b¥xf] jgfpg ;Sg' kg]{ jtfpFb} v8sfn] eg] ækx'Fr
ePsfx?sf nflu dfq k|hftGq cfP/ x'Fb}g, cfd hgtfsf nflu k|hftGq cfpg'k5{ .Æ
gofF
;+lawfg o;} ;+lawfg;efn] hf/L ug]{ jtfpFb} ;ef;b\ v8sfn] ;+lawfg;ef jfx]s csf]{
;+lawfg hf/L ug{sf nflu s'g} jf6f] gePsf] hfgsf/L u/fP . æcGo s'g} dfWodjf6
;+lawfg jGg] eP t clxn];Dd alg;SYof]Æ ;ef;b\ v8sfn] eg] æ;+lawfg lgdf{0fsf nflu
k|lqmof / ;xdlt ;+u;+u} hfG5 .Æ
:yfgLo
lgsfosf sd{rf/Lx?n] lghfdlt ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lx? ;/x ;]jf ;'lawf gkfPsf] k|;+u
pNn]v ub}{ ;ef;b\ v8sfn] :yfgLo lgsfosf sd{rf/Lx? nfO{ Ps 7fpFjf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf
;?jf x'g kfpg] u/L :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]gdf ;+;f]wg ug{ nfluPsf] hfgsf/L u/fP .
;/sf/n] klg :yfgLo lgsfodf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lx?k|lt lae]b u/]sf] s'/f cfkm'nfO{
dx;'; ePsf] v8sfsf] egfO{ lyof] .
:yfgLo
lgsfox?nfO{ ;+a}wflgs c+usf] dfGotf lbO{g' kg]{df cfkm' nflu k/]sf] jtfpFb}
;ef;b v8sfn] cj jGg] gofF ;+lawfgdf s]Gb| ;/sf/, k|b]z / :yfgLo lgsfo u/L ltg
k|sf/sf] ;+/rgf x'g] jtfP . ælhNnfsf] ;+/rgf s:tf] jgfpg] eGg] laifodf clxn]
klg lajfb sfod} 5Æ v8sfn] eg] ælhNnf lasf; ;ldlt k|b]z / :yfgLo lgsfoaLrsf]
;dGjo ug]{ u/L zQmL ;DkGg jgfO{g' kg]{ xfd|f] dfGotf xf] .Æ
8f]6L
lhNnfdf b]lvPsf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L / /fhgLlts bnx?aLrsf] dof{bfqmdsf]
lajfbsf] ;Gbe{df p7]sf lh1f;fx?dfyL jf]Nb} ;ef;b v8sfn] dof{bfqmddf k|d'v lhNnf
clwsf/L cuf8L x'g] jtfP . æsfg'g ;j}n] kfngf ug'{k5{, sfg'g eGbf dfyL sf]xL klg
x'g ;Sb}gÆ v8sfn] eg] æJolQmsf] JolQmut Jojxf/ s:tf] 5, Tof] 5'§} ax;sf] laifo
jGnf t/ sfg'gsf] kl/kfngf ;j}n] ug'{k5{ .Æ k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLkl/ifbsf]
sfof{non] tf]s]sf] dof{bfqmd cg';f/ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lg} bnx?eGbf cuf8L x'g'kg]{ pgsf]
egfO{ lyof] . 8f]6Ldf bnx? / k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LaLrsf] lajfbsf sf/0f hgtfn]
b'Mv kfPsf]k|lt cfkm' lrlGtt ePsf] jtfpFb} v8sfn] eg] æd}n] b'j}kIfaLr ;dGjo
ug{ vf]h] t/ ;kmn ePg .Æ o; laifodf cfkm' km]/L ;Djfb ug]{ pgsf] egfO{ lyof] .
ufla;
sd{rf/L ;+3sf lhNnf cWoIf 8Dd/nfn e§sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg e]nfdf :yfgLo lgsfosf sd{rf/Lx?n]
lghfdlt sd{rf/Lx?;/x ;]jf ;'lawf kfpg' kg]{ dfu /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf
s]bf/cfv8f ufpF lasf; ;ldltsf k"j{ cWoIf tyf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf
l8njxfb'/ jdn] ufla;df sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?n] lghfdlt sd{rf/L eGbf a9L b'Mv
v]lk/xg' k/]sf] jtfP .
>lds dlxnfnfO{ yfx 5}g lbj;
n s0f{ rGb
kmfu'g @% , 8f]6L
cfO{tjf/
b]ze/ tfdemfdsf ;fy laleGg sfo{qmd ub}{ cGt/fli6«o >lds dlxnf lba; ;DkGg
eof] . dlxnf clwsf/sdL{n] dlxnf clwsf/sf ;jfndf 7'N7'nf efif0f u/], hf]
;w}Fh;f] laleGg sfo{qmddf ul//xGy] .
8f]6L
lhNnfdf klg lhNnf ;b/–d'sfd l;nu9Lsf] 6'l8v]ndf 7'n} sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] .
sfo{qmddf cltly–k|d'v cltly sf] x'g] eGg] laifodf ;d]t lajfb eof] . lhNnf
;b/d'sfddf dfq} xf]O{g lhNnfsf ufpFufpFdf klg >lds dlxnf lbj; dgfO{of] t/
>lds dlxnf lbj;sf] jf/]df >lds dlxnfx?nfO{ g} hfgsf/L 5}g .
laut
b]lvg} k|tfl8t x'Fb} cfPsf dlxnfx?sf clxn] klg dlxnf lba;sf laifodf hfgsf/L
kfpFb}gg\ . ;"rgf / ;Dks{af6 6f9f /x]sf dlxnfnfO{ lba;sf af/]df hfgsf/L
gx'g' ;fdfGo ePklg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf :yn glhs} /x]sf dlxnfnfO{ klg hfgsf/L lyPg
. lhNnfsf] klZrd rf}sL If]qdf kg]{ dxfb]a:yfg ufla;df w'dwfd;+u gf/L lba;sf]
sfo{qmd eO{/x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd :ynsf] Ps ;o ld6/ glhs} dlxnfx? 3/ lgdf{0fsf
nfuL 9'Ëf af]Sb} lyP . cfkm\gf] glhs} eO{/x]sf] sfo{qmdsf af/]df dlxnfnfO{
s:sf] s] sfo{qmd xf] eGg] hfgsf/L lyPg . dxfb]a:yfg–@ sf rGb|f cf]emfn] elgg\
ædfG5]x? hDdf ePsf 5g, /dfO{nf] ub}{5g s] sfo{qmd xf] eGg] yfxf 5}g, ufpFsf k'?if
dfG5] ;a} uPsf 5g .Æ 9'Ëfsf] 8f]sf] e'FO{df
/fVb} Pstf cf]emfn] ylkg æxfdLnfO{ sfo{qmdsf] af/]df yfxf 5}g of]
8f]sf], Tof] 9'Ëf, clg bfDnf]sf] af/]df hfgsf/L 5 .Æ 9'Ëf af]Sg] dlxnfx?dWosL
gf}/L cf]emf n] elgg\ ælbge/ 9'Ëf af]s]df lbgsf] b'O{ ;o ?k}ofF cfDbfgL x'G5 .
ToxfF uof] eg] s] kfO{G5 / < xfdLnfO{ s;}n] cfpg klg eg]sf lyPgg\ .Æ
lhNnfsf
u|fld0f efudf /x]sf dlxnf dfq} xf]O{g If]qLo ;b/d'sfd /x]sf] lbkfon glhs}sf
dlxnfnfO{ klg gf/L lba;n] 5f]Psf] b]lvPg . uf]w/]vf]nfdf dlxnf / jfnaflnsf
lbge/ lu§L s'6\gdf dlxnfx? Ao:t lyP . lu§L s'6\b} u/]sL Ps dlxnfn] elgg\ æo:t}
lu§L s'6]/ w]/}sf 3/ lgdf{0f eP, cfkm\gf
3/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsPg xfdLnfO{ gf/L lba; x'g' / gx'g';+u s'g} ;/f]sf/ 5}g, xfdL
;w}F o:t} ug'{ k5{ .Æ u|fld0f If]qsf clwsf+z dlxnfx?nfO{ gf/L lba;sf laifodf
hfgsf/ 5}gg\ .
cGt/fli6«o
dhb'/ lbj; cf7 306f sfd, cf7 306f cf/fd / cf7 306f km';{b;+u ;DjlGwt ePh:t}
>lds dlxnf lbj; ;dfg sfdsf] dlxnf k'?if ;dfg Hofnf lbg'kg]{ dfu;+u ;DjlGwt
/x]sf] 5 t/ b}lgs kl;gf jufP/ ;fFem r'nf] jfNg] dlxnfx?nfO{ eg] of] lbj;sf]
jf/]df ;fdfGo hfgsf/L;Dd 5}g . ltg} >lds dlxnfx?sf] gfdjf6 aif]{gL gf/L
lbj;df laleGg sfo{qmdx? eg] cfof]hgf x'g] u/]sf 5g . clg slxn];Dd ef] nfUnf
dlxnfx?sf] cj:yf of] eg] x]g{ jfFsLg} 5 .
;+:yf / ;fd'bfo hf]8\b} jfn:jf:Yo clxNo}
jfn:jf:Yo clxNo} cleofgn] ;fd'bfo / :jf:Yo ;+:yfnfO{ hf]8\g] sfd
u/]sf] 5 . 8f]6Lsf] klZrdrf}sL If]qsf
ufla;df jN8{lehg O{G6/g]zgn g]kfn / ;dfh
;]jf 8f]6Ln] ljz]if u/L :jf:Yo If]qdf hgr]tgf km}nfpg] sfd ub}{ cfPsfn] :jf:Yo
;+:yf / ;d'bfo larsf] b'/LnfO{ glhs kfb}{ cfPsf] 5 .
afn
:jf:Yo clxNo} cleofg klZrd rf}sL If]qsf ^ j6f uflj; afFemssfgL, dxfb]j:yfg,
bxsflnsf–:yfg, 5kfnL, lu/Lrf}sf / nfldvfndf kl/of]hgf ;~rfngdf 5 . kl/of]hgf
cGt/ut cleofgstf{n] afn :jf:Yo clxNo} cleofgsf kfFrj6f cfofdx? :tgkfg,
emf8fkvfnf, kf]if0f, ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo ;]jf / vf]ksf] k|of]u ;DaGwL hgr]tgf
km}nfpg] u/]sf] 5 . kfFr jif{ d'lgsf
afnaflnsfsf] d[To'b/ 36fpg cfdf ;d"x, jg ;ldlt cflb / ;d'bfodf
cled'vLs/0f, 5nkmn, k}/jL, 3/b}nf] e]63f6 h:tf sfo{qmd ub{} cfPsf] afn :jf:Yo clxNo} cleofgsf lkmN8
;+of]hs bLv{/fh cf]emfn] hfgsf/L lbP .
;dfh
;]jfn] :jf:Yo ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx? ;d]tnfO{ :jf:Yo ;DaGwL cled"vLs/0f rnfPsf]
/ ljleGg ;d"x Pj+ ;d'bfo:t/df hgr]tgf km}nfpg] u/]sf]df :jf:Yo ;+:yfnfO{
7"nf] an k'u]sf] dxfb]j:yfg pk:jf:Yo rf}sLsf O{Grfh{ lxdfn ;f? du/sf] klg
cg'ej 5 . lxdfnn] eg] æ:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf
kfO{g] ;]jfsf laifodf klg ;fd'bfosf AolQmnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpF5g ;d'bfodf /x]sf
;d:ofdf laifodf xfdL;+u 5nkmn u5{g ;d'bfo / :jf:Yo ;+:yflar ;DaGw :yflkt ug]{
sfd u/]sf] 5 .Æ
cleofgdf
cfd hgrf;f] a9\b} uPsf] bxsflnsf:yfg uflj;–! P]nLufpFsf cleofgstf{ s]z/L kf7sn]
atfO{g . pgn] elgg æ:tgkfgdf a[l4 ePsf], :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf ;'Ts]/L x'g] b/ a9]sf]
5, lgoldt ue{hfFr u/fpg] b/ a9]sf],
em'nsf] k|of]u b/ a9\g yfn]sf] 5, afnaflnsfsf] a[l4 cg'udg b/ a9]sf] kfO{Psf] 5
cleofgn] w]/} ;s/fTds k|efa k/]sf] 5 .Æ
:jf:Yodf
;3fpg ;'wf/ of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpFb} cfPsf] afn :jf:Yo
clxNo} cleofgsf lhNnf ;+of]hs b]j]Gb| u'?ª\n] atfP . lgoldt, :jf:Yo Joj:yfkg
;ldltsf] lgoldt a}7s, ufpF 3/ lSnlgs lgoldt ;~rfng, :jf:Yo If]qdf k"jfwf/
lgdf{0f / pknAwtfsf nflu k}/jL ug{], ;/sf/L :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf sd{rf/L
cfk"lt{sf nflu kxn ug{], :jf:Yo ;F:yfx?df gful/s a8fkq hf/L ug{'kg{] / ;"rgf
kf6Lsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kg{] h:tf kIfdf of]hgf agfO{ k}/jL ug{] sfd ug]{ ;'wf/
of]hgf tof/ u/]sf] 5 .
d'8e/f ufla; v'nf lbzfFd'Qm
8f]6Lsf] d'8\e/f ufpF ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ ut a'waf/ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm
3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . d'8e/f ufla; 3f]if0ff eP;+u} $) ufla; v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm ePsf 5g .
d'8\e/f
uflj;sf s'n gf} ;o &$ 3/w'/Ldf zf}rfno lgdf{0f eO{ k|of]u ug{ yfn]kl5 ;f]
uflj;nfO{ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm ul/Psf] ufla; ;lrj l8naxfb'/ dx/fn] hfgsf/L lbP . gf} ;o @! 3/w'/Ln] Psn tyf %# 3/w'/Ldf
;+o'Qm zf}rfno lgdf{0f ePkl5 v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] .
;'cfxf/f,
cGo ;+3;+:yfx?, :yfgLo /fhgLlts bn, uflj; / ;Dk"0f{ uflj;af;Lx?sf]
;lqmotfdf pQm uflj;nfO{ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm ul/Psf] xf] .
;'cfxf/fsf]
:yfgLo ;fem]bf/ ;+:yf ;f];{ g]kfn 8f]6L dfkm{t v'Nnf lbzf'dQm cleofg ;~rfng
ul/Psf] ;F:yfsf ;'cfxf/f sfo{qmd ;+of]hs lbg]z adn] atfP .
cfkm'x?n]
uflj; txdf :jf:Yo tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;xhstf{ g} v6fP/ sfd ub{} cfPsf] / d'8e/f
uflj;sf ljkGg $% kl/jf/nfO{ zf}rfno lgdf{0f ug{ ;fdfu|L ;xof]u u/]sf] klg lkmN8
;+of]hs and] atfP .
uflj;:t/Lo
vfg]kfgL ;/;kmfO{ tyf :jR5tf ;dGjo ;ldlt d'8\e/fsf ;+of]hs Pj+ uflj; ;lrj l8n
axfb'/ dx/fsf] cWoIftf tyf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf cfly{s n]vf k/LIfs cd/
axfb'/ v8\sfsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ljz]if ;fF:s[lts tfdemfdsf ;fy Ps sfo{qmdsf]
cfof]hgf u/L uflj;nfO{ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm ul/Psf] xf] .
5f]6s/L
;dfrf/
laJo; u7g
di6]Zj/ dfWoflds laBfno uu'8fsf]
laBfno Aoa:yfkg ;ldltsf] cWoIfdf jxfb'/l;+ rGb rog ePsf 5g .
;f]djf/
;DkGg ePsf] e]nfn] rGbsf] g]t[Tjdf ( ;b:oLo ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] xf] . ;ldltsf cGo
;b:ox?df u0f]z rGb, ldg rGb, ;'/]Gb| rGb, s[tl;+ rGb, u0f]z af]u6L, v8sl;+ rGb,
nIdL rGb / lzIfs ems]Gb| rGb /x]sf 5g . laBfnosf] Joj:yfksLo Pj+ k|zf;sLo
lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{sf nflu cfkm'x? nflu kg]{ cWoIf rGbn] jtfP .
n]v
g]kfnsf] gful/s cfGbf]ng / cj;/jfbL cu'jf
6]s]Gb| b]pjf
gful/s lgu/fgLn] s'g} klg zf;snfO{ hjfkmb]xL dfq} agfpb}g To;n]
x/]s lgsfonfO{ pQ/bfoL / kf/bzL{ aGg afWo agfpF5 . gful/s bjfj k'u] ultlxg /fHo
;~rfnsx? ;xL af6f]df 8f]l/G5g\ / To;n] d'n'sdf ;'zf;gsf] lgdf{0f u5{ . ;r]t
gful/sx?n] yfNg] o:tf cfGbf]ngx?df s'g} afbsf] uGw jf a:gf cfpb}g . To:tf]
cfGbf]ngsf] Pp6} p2]Zo gful/s / /fHosf] lxt;+u hf]l8Psf] x'G5 . To;}n] ;r]t
gful/s gful/s clwsf/ :yflkt ug{sf nflu cfjZos kbf{ hfUg] ub{5g\ o;}nfO{ gful/s
cfGbf]ng cyf{t gful/s ;dfhsf] cfGbf]ng elgG5 . o;nfO{ csf]{ cy{df ;r]t gful/sn]
ug]{ k}/jLsf] ?kdf klg a'em\g ;lsG5 . hf] cfjZostf cg';f/ lg/Gt/ e}/xG5 .
g]kfndf
klg laleGg sfnv08 / ;dodf gful/s cfGbf]ngsf] dx;'z ePsf] / cfGbf]ng yflnPsf 5g\ . vf;u/L @)^( ;fn df3 !(
ut] tt\sfnLg /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] yfn]sf] k|ltufdL sbdsf la?4 ;r]t gful/sx?
nf]stGqsf] kIfdf ;+ul7t xF'b} hfg'nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . g]tfx?nfO{ gh/aGbdf /fv]sf]
;dodf klg gful/s ;dfhn] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf ;+:yfn] /fhfsf] sbdnfO{ zfxL …s'Ú sf]
;+1f lbP/ cfGbf]ng u/]sf] lyof] . :j:km"t{ p7]sf] gful/s cfGbf]ng
k|ltufdLx?sf] 6fpsf] b'vfO{sf] laifo klg aGg k'u]sf] lyof] . To;a]nf d'n'snfO{
zflGt k|s[ofdf Nofpg st} g st} gful/s ;dfhn] dWo:ytfsf] e"ldsf ;d]t
lgefPsf] lyof] . :jtGqtf / nf]stGq g} gful/s clwsf/ xf] eGg] dfGotfnfO{ :yflkt
ub}{ @)^@÷)^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngdf h'6]sf] hg;d{ygsf] w]/} yf]/} h; gful/s ;dfhnfO{
klg hfG5 . To;kl5sf lbgdf klg gful/s ;dfhn] yfn]sf cfGbf]ng hfoh g} lyP .
t/
kl5Nnf] ;dodf cfP/ b]zn] gful/s cfGbf]ngsf] dx;'/ ul//x]sf] ePklg stfstf ynfF
k/] h:tf] 5 . b]zdf nf]stflGqs ;+ljwfg ;dodf cfpg g;ls/x]sf] ca:yfdf gful/s
cu'jfx? ;]nfPsf] efg x'G5 . clxn] gful/s cfGbf]ng cem} ;zQm aGg' kg]{ ca:yfdf
gful/s cu'jfx? g} lb;fFlxg aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . h:sf sf/0f gful/s cfGbf]ng g}
8udufPsf] 5 . gful/s cfGbf]ngsf] cu| df]rf{df b]lvg] cu'jfx?sf] kl5Nnf]
e"ldsfsf sf/0f b]zn] bf]>f] ;+ljwfg;efaf6 klg tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ;+ljwfg
kfpg g;s]sf] oyf{y xf] . s]xL gful/s cu'jfx? /fhgLlts /+u b]vfpb} ;Qf glhs
k'lulbbf l;+uf] gful/s cfGbf]ngnfO{ sdhf]/ agfO{ lbPsf] 5 . lg/{nHh cu'jfs}
sf/0f gful/s cfGbf]ng abgfldt dfq} ePsf] 5}g laeflht / lajflbt aGg k'u]sf] 5 .
s]lx gful/s cu'jfx? clxn] s'g} kf6L{af6 lgb]{lzt dfq} ePsf 5}gg\ k|jQmf eP/
af]Ng yfn]sf 5g\ . klxn] gful/s clwsf/sf nflu eGb} gful/s ;dfhsf] cfGbf]ngdf
b]lvPsf cu'jfx? s'g} kf6L{ laz]ifsf Ph]G8f af]s]/ ;8sdf lgl:sg yfn]sf 5g\ . olt
dfq} xf]O{g plgx?nfO{ kf6L{sf em08f af]Sb} gful/s eGbf kf6L{sf Ph]G8f :yflkt
ug{ dl/d]6L nfu]sf 5g\ . ltgn] To;}nfO{ gful/s cfGbf]ng eGg klg EofPsf 5g\ .
gful/s
cfGbf]ngsf] a'O{ r9]/ :yflkt ePsf AolQmx? clxn] kf6L{sf] sf]6fdf ;+ljwfg;efdf
k'u]sf 5g\ . ;dodf ;+ljwfg Nofpgsf nflu /rgfTds bjfj lbg xf]O{g hftLo /fHo
:yfkgfsf] dfu /fVb ;+ljwfg;efsf sfd sfo{ layf]Ngdf ;lqmo gful/s cu'jf b]lv
cfkm\gf] 6fpsf]df cfkm} lgikIftfsf] ku/L u'Yg] / cj;/ s'g} kf6L{sf] kl5 nfUb}
;Qfsf] :jfb rfVg]nfO{ klg tkfO{ xfdLx?n] lrg]s} 5f}+ . ToxfF k'u]kl5 plgx?sf
ultljlw klg cfkm\gf] g]t[Tjsf] eGbf km/s 5}gg\ . la8Djgf plgx?n] cfkm'nfO{
gful/s cu'jf eGg 5f]8]sf 5}gg\ . plgx?sf k|:t'lt / lqmofsnfkn] cfd gful/snfO{
lg/f; agfPsf] 5 . gful/s cfGbf]ngsf cu'jfn] b]vfPsf]] ca;/jfbL :jefjs} s/0f
hglaZjf; 36]sf] 5 . s;}n] cfGbf]ngsf] p7fg ug{ vf]h]klg hg;d{yg h'6fpg xDoxDo
x'g] 5 . h;/L /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?sf] Aojxf/n] hgtfnfO{ lbSs afSs agfPsf] 5
To;/L g} kl5Nnf] ;dodf gful/s ;dfhsf cu'jfx?nfO{ klg ca;/afbLsf] ?kdf a'em\g
yflnPsf] 5 . gful/s cfGbf]ng /fhgLlts prfO{df k'Ug] ln:g' sbfkL xf]O{g gt s'g}
/fhgLlts bnsf] sf]6fdf k/L laleGg cfof]udf dgf]lgt x'g] / hflu/ vfg] dfWod g}
xf] t/ xfdLn] laZjf; u/]sf AolQmx?n] To;/L a'lemlbFbf clxn] ;d:of ePsf] xf] .
a'em\g'
h?/L of] 5 ls gful/s cfGbf]ng bftfx?n] lbPsf] rf/f]kfgLaf6 rNg' xF'b}g . o;/L
rNg] k|fof]lht cfGbf]ngn] hglxt slxNo} ub}{g . h;/L k|fof]hsn] cfGbf]ngnfO{
p7fg ub{5 To;/Ln} cfkm\gf] nIo k|flKt kl5 t'xfpg klg ;Sb5 . g]kfnsf] gful/s
cfGbf]ngnfO{ rf/f]kfgLsf] cfGbf]ng;+u hf]8]/ AofVof ug]{x?sf] klg sdL 5}g . ;+ljwfg;ef
leq k'u]/ klg To;}leq ;+:yf / ;~hfn vf]n]/ bftf cg's'n rln/x]sf xfd|f cu'jfx?n]
b]vfpg] lqmofsnfkn] klg To; s'/fnfO{ s]lx xb;Dd k'i6L ub{5 . To;sf/0f klg
gful/s ;dfhn] yfn]sf cfGbf]ng lgisif{df k'Ug ;s]sf 5}gg\ . clxn] cfP/
cfGbf]ngsf cu'jfx? af6f]af6} x/fpg' rf]l/g' / yfSg' / cfjZos k/]sf] ;dodf
cfGbf]ng p7\g g;Sg'sf] Pp6} sf/0f xfdLn] laZjf; u/]sf of] jf Tof] gfdsf kfqx?n]
b]vfPsf] ca;/afbL rl/q xf] .
b]zn]
;dod} nf]stflGqs ;+ljwfg kfpgsf nflu clxn] /rgfTds bjfj cfjZos ePsfn] s'g}
k|fof]lht cfGbf]ng xf]O{g :jM:km"t{ gful/s cfGbf]ng yfNg' h?/L 5 . t/
;dfhsf] cu'jf eGb} cj;/sf] bnfnL ug]{x?sf] d'Nof+sg eg] gful/sn] ug}{ k5{ .
nf]s;]jf
tof/Lsf nflu pkof]uL
!= /f0ff zf;glj?4 ;Demf}tflxg ;+3if{ ug{] rf/ zlxbdWo] ;a}eGbf
klxnf dflgg] zlxb sf] x'g\ <
—
z'qm/fh zf:qL
@=
g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf cUnf] :yfgdf /x]sf] tfn s'g xf] <
—
ltlnrf] tfn
#=
g]kfnL ;flxTosf k|yd zlxb elg s;nfO{ lrlgG5 <
—
s[i0fnfn clwsf/L
$=
lslt{dfgL t]SjfGbf] v]nf8L lbks lji6n] cfˆgf] ;lqmo v]n hLjgaf6 slxn] ;Gof;sf]
3f]if0ff u/] <
— lj=;+
@)&! df3 !&
%=@)&!
df3 !^ df /fhwfgLdf ;DkGg ld; afudtL @)!% sf] pkflw s;n] lhltg <
— clgzf
nD;fn
^= ;g\
@)!% hgj/L #! df c:6«]lnofsf] d]njg{df ;DkGg kmfOgn v]ndf 5}6f}+ k6s c:6«]lnog
cf]kgsf] pkflw lhTg] 6]lg; v]nf8L sf] x'g\ <
—
;]/]gf ljlnoD;, cd]l/sf
&=
;g\ @)!% hgj/Ldf c:6«]lnofdf ;DkGg Pl;of sk km'6an k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw s;n]
lhTof] <
—
c:6]lnof
*= ld;
/fO{ @)!% sf] pkflw lhTg] o'jtL sf] x'g\ <
— k'gd
jfGtjf /fO{
(= pxL
s'/f k6s–k6s bf]xf]¥ofP/ km/s glthfsf] cfzf ug{' kfunkg xf] eGg] ljrf/s sf] x'g\ <
— cNa6{
cfO{G6fO{g
!)=
bf];|f] sf7df8f}+ cGt/f{li6«o lkmNd dxf]T;j @)!% slxn] ;DkGg eof] <
— lj=;+
@)&! df3 !(–@#
!!=
6]:6 lqms]6df ;jf{lws l56f] !@ xhf/ /g agfpg] v]nf8L sf] x'g\ <
— s'df/
;+usf/f
!@=
kfFrf}F cGt/fli6«o snf dxf]T;j slxn] / sxfF ;DkGg eof] <
–lj=;+
@)&! df3 !(–@@, sf7df08f}+
!#= u]6
j] ckm g]kfn eg]/ g]kfnsf] s'g 7fpFnfO{ lrlgG5 <
—
la/uGh
!$=
;f+;bsf nflu gofF k|lts lrGx -nf]uf]_ slxn] ;fj{hlgs ePsf] xf] <
— lj=;+
@)^# ebf} !@
!%=
;lj{ofsf] Ps k|fGtsf ?kdf /xFb} cfPsf] sf];f]ef] slxn] :jtGq /fi6« eof] <
— ;g\
@))* km]a|c/L !&
!^=
w]/} efiff hfg]sf] lzIfs s'g txsf] nflu pko'Qm dflgG5 <
—
k|fylds tx
!&=
g]kfnsf] sfo{sfl/0fL sfd s;sf] gfddf x'G5 <
— g]kfn
;/sf/
!*= ?=
bz nfv /fzL ;lxtsf] uf]kfn sdnf /fhe08f/L /f]6/L cjf8{ km/ ef]s];gn PlS;n]g\
s;nfO{ k|bfg ul/of] <
—
;Todf]xg hf]zL
!(=
ckmuflg:tfgsf gofF /fi6«kltsf ?kdf c;|km 3flgn] slxn] zky u|x0f u/] <
— @)!$
;]K6]Da/ @(
@)= ;g
@)!$ cu:6df dn]l;ofdf ;DkGg Pl;;L o'-!^ sf] lah]tf 6f]ln s'g xf] <
— g]kfn
@!= s/
k|0ffnL ;'wf/ cfof]u slxn] u7g eof] <
—@)&!
sflt{s #)
@@=
g]kfn k|x/Ln] slxn] b]lv b]ze/ d':sfg ;lxtsf] ;]jf ;~rfng u¥of] <
—
@)&! h]i7 *
@#=
g]kfn ;/sf/n] slxn] b]lv Sofl;gf] aGb ug{] lg0f{o u¥of] <
—
@)&! a}zfv )&
@$=
ljZjdf aGhL hDksf] ;'?jft s'g b]z af6 ePsf] xf] <
>f]t
;+sns M /fd lai6
;flxTo÷;[hgf
uhn
d :jfyL{ e}
Toltv]/, 9Nbf ?g]5f}
T;kl5 lrtfdfyL, hNbf
?g]5f} .
ha d ltDnfO{, PSn} 5f]l8
hfg]5'
To;kl5 dg etelt, uNbf
?g]5f} .
/dfp hlt ;S5f} xf;,
Pslbg ltdL
htftt} d]/f] xNnf, rNbf
?g]5f} .
cfhef]ln a}Zfsf], dftdf
/d]sf 5f} /]
Pslbg kSs} To} dftn],
5Nbf ?g]5f} .
eGg af]Ng kfpg] 5}gf},
6'n'6'n' x]l/
ha, lrtfdfly d]/f] nf;,
hNbf ?g]5f} .
d :jfyL{ e} Toltv]/,
9Nbf ?g]5f}
T;kl5
lrtfdfyL, hNbf ?g]5f} ..
k|ltIff wfdL æ;fg'Æ
uhn
!= b]z
gn]v]sf] x}g ;'Aaf bfO d}n]
e]if
gn]v]sf] x}g ;'Aaf bfO d}n] .
syf–sfJoeGbf
cs}{ kmfF6 uhndf,
a];
gn]v]sf] x}g ;'Aaf bfO d}n] .
olt
b'V5 lhGbufgL egL ;fWo 5}g,
7];
gn]v]sf] x}g ;'Aaf bfO d}n] .
dfG5]
n]v], r/f n]v], s] s] n]v]–n]v],
e]if
gn]v]sf] x}g ;'Aaf bfO d}n] .
n]Vg'
n]v] kL8f hDd} s] g} afFsL /x\of],
z]if
gn]v]sf] x}g, ;'Aaf bfO d}n] .
-cu|h
;flxTosf/ ljho ;'AafnfO{ ;Daf]lwt_
@=
dfG5]nfO{ b}j dfGb} dflGbg d .
k"hfcfhf
ug{ hfGb} hflGbg d .
pT;jdf
g/dfpg] sf] xf]nf,
t/ klg
gzf 5fGb} 5flGbg d .
cGofodf
a;L sf] afFR5 cr]n,
gofF
lagf Hofg wfGb} wflGbg d .
hf]–hf]
xfF:5g\ d:t 5]s y'g x'Gg,
?g]nfO{
klg xfGb} xflGbg d .
nv]6]/}
kf/L k'¥ofpFem} nfU5,
To;}
x6\nfh:tf] 7fGb} 7flGbg d .
lakQL
/dfO{nf] x'Gg
cfz'sf] bx, bb{sf] k|lts
;'zfGt df6f] kljq
e'ld, k'vf{sf] cl8u
hgs ;Ltf e[s'6L klg,
o}b]zsf hg x'g
jL/sf] d{ b]zsf]
dd{, gje\mg] kz' x'g
lxdfnL kjg lztnhn,
kljq of] 7fp“
nfUb5 lsg la/fgf]
cfh, hGd]sf] Tof] ufp“
l/QLP lgwf/ l;lBP
cfz', g]kfnL gf/Lsf
km'n k'mNnf eGbf
sf“8f kf] km'n], ;'zfGt jf/Ldf
;'v / zflGt hLjgsf
;f/, sxf“ 5g lt klg
w/w/L cfdf ?lb5g
cfh, hfp“ sxf“ d elg
xf b}j cfh ljkQL
k¥of], s:sf] of] ;/fk
b]zsf] kL8f gj'e\mg]
oxf“, s'g j}/L v/fj
zflGtsf] bLk gjfnL
oxf“, czflGt vf]Hg]nfO{
;/fk
b]cf]; of] k'0o e'ld, lx+;f Tof] /f]Hg]nfO{
df]xgnfn /f}t]8f
sflnsf:yfg–%,
8f]6L
;"rgf÷;Gb]z÷la1fkg
g]kfn ;/sf/
s[lif lasf; dGqfno
s[lif laefu
lhNnf s[lif lasf; sfof{no, 8f]6L
lznaGbL b/efpkq cfJxfgsf] ;"rgf
k|yd
k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&!.!!.@^
o;
sfof{nojf6 tkl;n jdf]lhdsf] lgdf{0f sfo{{ lznaGbL b/efpkqsf] dfWodåf/f u/fpg'
kg]{ ePsf]n] lgdf{0f ;DjlGw sfo{ ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 O{hfht k|fKt O{R5's of]Uo
lgdf{0f Joj;foLx? af6 lgDg zt{x?sf] clwgdf /lx /Ltk"j{ssf] lznjGbL b/efpkq
k]z ug{ x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .
zt{x?
!=
lznjGbL b/efpkq of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sfl;t ePsf] ldltn] !% cf}+ lbg sf] sfof{no ;doleq ;DjlGwt
lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwn] lnlvt lgj]bg ;fy gljs/0f ePsf] Ohfht
kq, cf= j= )&).&! sf] s/ r'Stf k|df0f kq, d' c= s/, :yfoL n]vf gDj/
btf{ ePsf] k|df0f kqsf] k|dfl0ft
k|ltlnkL ;+nUg /flv ?=!).– l6s6 6+f;L lgj]bg lbO{ o; lhNnf s[lif lasf;
sfof{no 8f]6Laf6 vl/b ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
@=
lznjGbL b/efp kqsf] B.O.Q.df pNn]v ul/Psf] sfdsf] b//]6
c+s / cIf/df e/L ;a} kfgfdf ;xL 5fk u/L lznjGbL u/L vfdsf] jflx/ sfof{nonfO{
;Daf]wg u/L sfdsf] ljj/0f 7]sf g+=, k]z ug]{sf] gfd, 5fk / 7]ufgf v'nfO{
nfxf5fk nufO{ ;f] sf] gfd pNn]v u/L of] ;"rgf k|sfl;t ePsf] ldlt n] !^
cf}+ lbg lbgsf] !@=)) ah]leq o; sfof{nodf btf{ ul/;Sg' kg]{ 5 . o;/L k]z ePsf
b/efpkq ;f]xL lbgsf] @=#) jh] b/efp kqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw tyf cGo sd{rf/L k|ltlglwx?sf]
/f]xj/df o; sfof{nodf vf]lng] 5 . b/efp kqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw gePklg b/efp
kq vf]Ng jfwf kg]{ 5}g .
#= k]z
ePsf] l;njGbL b/efpkqsf] b//]6 c+s / cIf/df km/s k/]df cIf/nfO{ dfGotf lbO{g] 5
. s]/d]6 ePsf] :yfgdf 7]s]bf/sf] b:tvt jf 5fk x'g' kg]{ 5 . lgdf{0f Joj;foLn]
cfkm'n] sjf]n u/]sf] k|To]s cfO{6dsf] b//]6 d'= c= s/ -Eof6_ jfx]s pNn]v ug'{
kg]{ 5 .
$=
lznjjGbL b/efp kqsf] hdfgt jfkmtsf] /sd sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no 8f]6Lsf]
Psn vftf /f =jf= a}s 8f]6L l:yt w/f}6L lx g+=@)# df gub hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn j}Í
ef}r/ jf g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 dfGotf k|fKt jfl0fHo a}Íaf6 o; sfof{nosf] gfddf
hf/L ePsf] b/efp kq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldltjf6 slDtdf &% lbg dfGo cjlw /x]sf]
lj8j08 -j}Í Uof/]06L_ b/efpkq ;fy clgjfo{ ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
%=
lznjGbL b/efp kq :jLs[t e} vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpbf sjf]n c+ssf] % -kf+r_
k|lt;tn] x'g cfpg] /sd sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no 8f]6Lsf] Psn vftf /f =jf=
a}s 8f]6L l:yt w/f}6L lx g+=@)# df gub hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn j}Í ef}r/ jf ;f]
j/fj/sf] g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 dfGotf k|fKt jfl0fHo a}Íaf6 o; sfof{nosf] gfddf
hf/L ePsf] slDtdf q'6L ;Rofpg] cjlw eGbf Ps dlxgf a9L dfGo cjlw ePsf] k/km/d]G;
j08 k]; ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
^=
lznjGbL b/efpkq vl/b jf btf{ ug]{ clGtd lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf k/]df ;f] sf] ef]nL
kN6 jf ljbf kl5 sfof{no v'n]sf] lbg lznjGbL b/efp kq vl/b jf btf{ ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
&=
lznjGbL b/efp kq zt{ /lxt o; sfof{nojf6 pknJw u/fPsf] sfuhftdf s'g} yk36 jf
b|i6Jo gn]v]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5 . s]/d]6 ePsf] 7fp+df clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] ;lx
u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5 . /Lt gk'u]sf], ;"rgfsf] zt{ ljk/Lt ePsf] lznjGbL b/efp
kq pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL ul/g] 5}g .
*=
lznjGbL b/efpkq btf{ ug]{ kmd{x?n] sfdsf] ljj/0f / sfd ug]{ sfo{ :ynsf] jf/]df
/fd|f];+u a'lem b/efp kq k]z u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .
(=
lznjGbL b/efpkqbftfn] cfkm' jf cfkmgf] k|ltlglw s'g} klg vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{
k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd cof]Uo gePsf] s'/f lnlvt ?kdf 3f]if0ff u/]sf] sfuhft k]z
ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
!)=
b/efpkq ;fy k]z u/]sf] k|ltlnlk sfuhftx? cfjZos k/] ;Ssn ;d]t dfu u/L hf+lrg]
5, gSsnL sfuhft k]z u/]sf] kfO{Pdf lgh lzjGbL b/efpkq bftfsf] b/efpkq /2 u/L
sfnf] ;"lrdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;DjlGwt lgsfodf l;kmfl/; ul/g] 5 . cGo s'/fx?
;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g @)^# / ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL @)^$ Pj+ k|rlnt P]g sfg'g
adf]lhd x'g] 5 .
!!= o;
sfof{noaf6 laqmL gePsf], hdfgt ;+nUg e} gcfPsf], Pp6fsf] hdfgt csf]{df /x]sf],
b/efpkqsf] Joxf]/f km/s k/]sf], l;naGbL eO{ gcfPsf] s'g} zt{ /fvL jf s}lkmot
hgfO{ k|fKt ePsf] / l/t gk'u]sf], l;naGbL b/efpkq pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL ul/g] 5}g .
!@= gub
w/f}6Lsf] a}Í ef}r/df lgdf{0f Jofj;foLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf clgjfo{ ?kdf n]Vg' kg]{5
. ;"rgf k|sfl;t ePsf] ldlt eGbf cuf8Lsf] a}+s ef}r/ jf a}Í Uof/]G6LnfO{
dfGotf lbO{g] 5}g .
!#=
l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] dfGo cjlw $% lbgsf] x'g]5 .
!$=
:jLs[t gePsf b/efp kqbftfx?sf] la8aG8 tyf w/f}6L /sd 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ePkl5
dfq km's'jf ul/g] 5 .
!%=
s'g} klg sf/0f hgfO{ jf ghgfO{ ;Dk"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf lzjGbL b/efpkq
:jLs[t ug]{, gug]{ jf ;"rgf /2 ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ o; sfof{nodf
;'/lIft /xg] 5 .
!^= o;
;DjlGw cGo s'/f a'em\g' k/]df o; sfof{nodf sfof{no ;doleq ;Dks{ ug{ x'g jf
kmf]g g+ )($–$!!!@^ df ;Dks{ u/L hfgsf/L lng x'g ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .
tkl;n
xflb{s
cg'/f]w
¨ 8f]6L lhNnfnfO{ cf=j= @)&!÷)&@ leq} v'Nnf
lbzfFd'Qm 3f]if0ff ug]{ cleofgdf ;Dk"0f{ 8f]6Ljf;L h'6f}+ .
¨ æ8f]6Lsf]
klxrfg, k"0f{ ;/;kmfO{ xfd|f] cleofgÆ nfO{ ;kmn kf/f}+ .
¨ ;/;kmfO{nfO{
xfdLn] klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /fVg' kb{5 .
¨ 3/jf6
lg:sg] kmf]x/d}nfsf] lglZrt vf8n jgfP/ Joj:yfkg ug]{ u/f}+ .
¨ laBfnodfkm{t
;/;/kmfO{sf] hgr]tgf ;d'bfodf la:tf/ ug'{ kg]{ .
¨ zf}rfnodf
dfq} lbzfFlk;fj ug'{kb{5 / vfgf vfg' cl3 xft /fd|f];+u w'g'k5{ eGg] Go"gtd
1fg lbg'kb{5 .
¨ ;/;kmfO{jf6
laleGg /f]ux?jf6 jRg ;lsG5 .
¨ ;/;kmfO{df
cu|;/ x'g] JolQmnfO{ k|f]T;fxgsf] Joj:yf x'g'kb{5 .
¨ v'nf
lbzfFd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff sfo{qmdnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'kb{5 .
¨ ;/;kmfO{
cefjdf nfUg] /f]u tyf hf]lvdaf/] ;j}nfO{ cfkm\gf] :t/jf6 hgr]tgf km}nfpg' kb{5
.
;'=k= If]qLo cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f sfof{no /fhk'/ 8f]6L
xflb{s >4f~hnL
lwsf{df08f}+
ufpF lasf; ;ldltsf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ g]skf Pdfn] lwsf{df08f}+ ufpF sld6Lsf
k"j{ cWoIf lwsf{df08f}+ ufla; j8f g+= & lgjf;L d]/f k'HogLo ;;'/f
>L wd{ l;+ jf]x/fsf] oxL ldlt @)&! ;fn kmfu'g @) ut] /ftL %^ jif{sf]
pd]/sf c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] vj/n] cToGt} ddf{lxt jgfPsf] 5 . o; b'Mvb 38Ldf
d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ;f]sfs'n kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf
k|s6 ub{5f}+ .
nfnjxfb'/ jf]x/f
s]bf/cfv8f,
8f]6L
lhNnf c:ktfn
8f]6Ldf ;~rflnt c:ktfndf cfwfl/t Psåf/
;+s6 Joj:yfkg s]Gb| -OCMC_
;DjlGw hfgsf/L
dlxnf
jf jfnjflnsfx? laleGg k|sf/sf n}lËs lx+;fjf6 k|efljt x'g] u/]sf / o;jf6 pgLx?df
zf/Ll/s, of}ghGo tyf dgf]a}1flgs c;/ kg]{ u/]sf] kl/k|]Ifdf n}lËs lx+;fnfO{
k|efjsf/L / bIftfk"j{s ;Djf]bg ug{sf nflu k|yd r/0fdf dlxnf, jfnjflnsf tyf
;dfh sNof0f dGqfnojf6 ;~rflnt dlxnf lx+;f ;DjlGw ;'/lIft cNksfnLg ;]jf s]Gb|
/x]sf !% lhNnfx?df k/LIf0fsf] ?kdf of] sfo{qmd nfu' x'g] qmddf 8f]6L lhNnf
c:ktfndf ldlt @)^* ;fn d+l;/ @! ut]jf6 ;'rf? ?kn] @$ ;} 306f ;]jf ;~rfngdf
cfPsf] 5 eg] xfn;Dd o; OCMC df ;]jf lng] lkl8tx?df kfFr
jif{ b]lv &@ jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf dlxnf, jfnjflnsf tyf s]xL k'?if klg
/x]sf 5g .
OCMC jf6 k|bfg ul/g] ;]jfx? M
!=
:jf:Yo ;]jf M
¨ lx+;f
lkl8tsf] :jf:Yo ;DjlGw ljj/0f ;+sng, k/LIf0f tyf pkrf/ tyf pkrf/sf]
clen]vLs/0f, zf/Ll/s hfFr / gd'gf ;+sng ug]{ .
¨ zf/Ll/s
rf]6k6ssf] pkrf/ tyf lrlsT;fhGo hfFr ug]{ .
¨ sfg'gL
k|df0fsf nflu :jf:Yo, lalw la1fg tyf lrlsT;f ;DjlGw sfg'gL k/LIf0f ug]{÷u/fpg]
¨ of}ghGo
;+qmd0fsf] pkrf/ ug]{ .
¨ zf/Ll/s,
dfgl;s Pj+ dgf];fdflhs ladz{sf nflu l:qmlgË ug]{ / ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ .
¨ ue{
k/LIf0f tyf cfsl:ds ue{ lg/f]ws ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ .
¨ x]kf6fO{l6;
la jf6 jrfj6 ug]{ .
¨ ;'/lIft
ue{ktg ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ .
¨ cfjZostf
cg';f/sf] k|]if0f / cGo ;]jfx? pknJw u/fpg] .
@=
dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{ M
¨ n}lËs
lx+;f lkl8t k/fdz{ ;]jf pknJw u/fpg] .
¨ cfjZostfsf
cfwf/df lk8snfO{ ;d]t dgf];fdflhs ladz{÷ k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg]
#=
sfg'gL k/fdz{ / pkrf/ M
¨ cfjZostf
cg';f/ lhNnf GofoflwjQmf, kf/flnun sfg'gL
k/fdz{bftfsf] ;xof]ujf6 sfg'gL pkrf/sf] k|lqmof ;'? u/fO{ cuf8L j9fpg
;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
$=
k'g:yf{kgf M
¨ lx+;f
lkl8t÷k|efljtnfO{ pkrf/kl5 yk k/fdz{ Pj+ cGo ;]jfsf nflu cNksfnLg cfjf; tyf
vfgkfgsf] Joj:yf ;lxt ;'/lIft cNksfnLg ;]jf s]Gb|df /xg] Joj:yf ldnfO{g] 5 .
lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, 8f]6L
SofG;/, d'6'/f]u, dw'd]x, hL0f{ Zjf;k|:jf; cj/f]w ;DjlGw
/f]u h:tf g;g]{ /f]ux? nfUgjf6 aRg] pkfox? ckgfO{ bL3{ hLjg afFrf}+ .
¨ r'/f]6, la8L, v}gL u'6\vf,
;"lt{ cflb slxNo} ;]jg gu/f}+ .
¨ /S;L, lao/, jfO{g, hfF8h:tf dlb/fhGo
xflgsf/s lrhx? ;]jg gu/f}+ .
¨ z/L/ ;lqmo /fVg] dfWod lqmofsnfkx? h:t}
of]uf, lx8\8'n, bf}8\g], ;fO{sn rnfpg], kf}8L v]Ng] cflb xNsf kl;gf cfpg] u/L
xKtfsf] sDtLdf kfFrlbg;Dd sd;]sd lgoldt
?kdf #) ldg]6;Dd u/f}+ .
¨ z/L/sf] tf}n a9L eP 36fcf}+ / :j:y tf}n
sfod /fvL df]6f]kgf x'g glbcf}+
¨ cGg, bfn, u]8fu'8L, b'w, bxL, df5f, jf];f]
gePsf] df;', c08f, xl/of] ;fukft, kmnkm'n, ;Gt'lnt ?kdf vfg] u/f}+ .
¨ b}lgs kfFr u|fdeGbf sd g'g vfg] u/f}+,
lrNnf / af];f]o'Qm vfg]s'/f sd vfcf}+ .
¨ sf]N8 l8«+s\;, u'lnof k]o kbfy{, ld7fO,
rsn]6 h:tf vfg] s'/f sd vfg] u/f}+ .
¨ lrof jf sfkmLdf lrgL sd xfn]/ vfg] u/f}+ .
¨ dfgl;s tgfj / l/;d'Qm jgf}+ .
¨ lgoldt
?kdf :jf:Yo r]shfFr u/fcf}+ .
lhNnf :jf:Yo
sfof{no 8f]6L
xflb{s >4f~hnL
xfd|f k|ft :d/0fLo lwsf{df08f}+ ufpF lasf; ;ldltsf
k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ g]skf Pdfn] lwsf{df08f}+ ufpF sld6Lsf k"j{ cWoIf
lwsf{df08f}+ ufla; j8f g+= & lgjf;L >L wd{ l;+ jf]x/fsf] oxL ldlt
@)&! ;fn kmfu'g @) ut] /ftL %^ jif{sf] pd]/sf c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df pxfFk|lt
efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{5f}+ . ;fy} o; b'Mvb 38Ldf xfdLnfO{ ;xof]u
ug'{x'g], ;xfg'e'lt k|s6 ug'{ x'g] / lrGtf JoQm ug'{ x'g] ;j}k|lt xfdL cfef/
JoQm ub{5f}+ .
sn;L b]jL jf]x/f ->LdtL_
6]sjxfb'/ jf]x/f -5f]/f_
b'uf{ jf]x/f -a'xf/L_
s]z/l;+ jf]x/f -bfh'_
g/jL/ jf]x/f -bfh'_
xs{ jf]x/f elthf
xflb{s >4f~hnL
lwsf{df08f}+ ufpF lasf; ;ldltsf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ g]skf
Pdfn] lwsf{df08f}+ ufpF sld6Lsf k"j{ cWoIf sd/]8 >L wd{ l;+ jf]x/fsf]
oxL ldlt @)&! ;fn kmfu'g @) ut] /ftL %^ jif{sf] pd]/sf c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]
vj/n] cToGt} ddf{lxt ePsf] 5' . b'Mvsf] o; 38Ldf d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{
>4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ ;f]sfs'n kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5' .
gf/b dnf;L -k"j{ cWoIf_ g]skf Pdfn] 8f]6L
lgdf{0f ;fdu|L ;KnfO{ ug]{ ;DalGw 6]G8/ cfXjfg
Tender
No. : WVIN-A- LPA-T/1-2015
k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @@ kmfNu'g @)&! -^dfr{ @)!%_
jN8{
lehg OG6/g]zgn g]kfn c5fd :yfgLo sfo{qmd If]q / kL;ljg c5fd zfvf;+usf] ;fem]bf/Ldf
;+rfng eO/x]sf] lzIff kl/of]hgfsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ lgDg pNn]lvt lgdf{0f tyf
kmlg{l;Ë ;fdfu|Lx? ;KnfO{ ug{ OR5's ;fdu|Lsf] l8n/, yf]s tyf v'b|f ljqm]tf jf
hg/n ;Knfo;{x?af6 l;naGbL ;lxtsf] 6]08/ k]z ug{x'g ;DalGwt ;a}df cg'/f]w 5 .
6]08/
k]z ubf{ ;+nUg ug'{ kg]{ cfjZos sfuhftx? M
s= kmd{
/lhi6«];g ;l6{lkms]6 -Aofkf/sf] k|sf/M xf8{j]o/ jf kmlg{l;Ë ;fdu|L ljlqmljt/0f
ug]{_ sf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnkL
v=Eof6 (VAT) /lhi68{ jf kfg (PAN) ;l6{lkms]6sf] k|dfl0ft
k|ltlnkL
u=cfly{s
jif{ @)&)÷)&! sf] s/ r'Stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnkL
3=olb
6]08/ ;DalGw sfuhftx?df kmd{sf] k|f]k|fO6/n] x:tfIf/ gu/L bf]>f] AolQmn]
x:tfIf/ u/]sf] eP x:tfIf/stf{sf] gfddf k|f]k|fO6/n] lbPsf] dGh'/Lgfdf kq
jN8{
lehg OG6/g]zgn g]kfn, c5fd :yfgLo sfo{qmd If]q / kL;ljg c5fd zfvf d+un;}gsf]
sfof{noaf6 6]08/ kmd{ k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . d+un;}g eGbf aflx/ /x]sf kmd{x?n]
cg'/f]w u/]df Od]naf6 6]08/ kmd{ pknAw u/fpg ;lsg]5 . t/ kmd{ k]z ubf{ l;naGbL
g} ug'{ kg]{5 .
6]08/kmd{
kfOg] :yfg M jN8{ lehg OG6/g]zgn g]kfn, :yfgLo sfo{qmd If]q
c5fd
M kL;ljg c5fd zfvf, d+un;}g c5fd
kmd{
ljt/0f ug]{ ldlt M @@ kmfNu'g @)&! -^dfr{ @)!%_ b]lv ! r}q
@)&! -!%dfr{ @)!%_
;Knfo;{af6
6]08/ k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do M ! r}q @)&! -!%dfr{ @)!%_,
lbpF;f] $M)) ah] ;Dd
6]08/
vf]lng] ldlt M # r}q -!& dfr{ @)!%_
-ljif]if
sf/0f pNn]lvt ldltdf 6]08/ vf]Ng g;s]df 6]08/ vf]Ng] ldlt k5f8L ;fg{ klg ;lsg]5
/ of] clwsf/ jN8{ lehg OG6/g]zgn g]kfndf lglxt /xg] 5 ._
cfjZos
;f]wk'5sf] nflu ;Dks{ M )(&^@)##$, )(& ^@)#!#
Od]n M wvinprocure@gmail.com
jN8{ lehg OG6/g]zgn g]kfn
c5fd :yfgLo sfo{qmd If]q
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