बिम्ब नेपाली साप्ताहिक २०७१ साल चैत्र १७ गते मंगलबार

cg'zf;g / g}lts lxg dflg; kz' eGbf klg t'R5 x'G5 To;}n] /fli6«o hLjgsf x/]sf cfofdx?df cg'zfl;t / g}lts gful/ssf] e'ldsf lgjf{x ug{ cfh} b]lv cfkm}jf6 kxn u/f}+ .

g]kfn ;/sf/

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

cuL a9\b} kfO{nf d]6\b}

km]/L ug'{ kg]{ eof] v'nf lb;fd'Qm

;g @)!! klxnf] k6s v'nf lb;fd'Qm 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 8f]6Lsf] 306]Zj/ ufla;df htftt} v'nf lbzfF b]Vg kfO{G5 . 8f]6L lhNnfsf] vfg]kfgL, :jf:Yo, ;/;kmfO{ tyf :jR5tf ;DjlGw /0fgLlts of]hgf hf/L gx'Fb} 3f]if0ff ePsf] pQm ufla;sf] ledbQ /fhdfu{df If]qdf kg]{ 7fpFx? v'nf lbzfFd'Qm x'g ;s]gg\ .

8f]6L lhNnfsf $# ufla; v'nflbzfF d'Qm 3f]if0ff x'Fbf s]xL ufla; eg]] km]/L v'nf lbzfFd'Qm 3f]if0ff ug'{ kg]{ ca:yfdf k'u]sf 5g . 306]Zj/ ufla; h:t} afFemssfgL, krgfnL, aun]sdf htftt} v'nf :yfgdf lbzfF ug]{ u/]sf] kfO{G5 . l;drf}/df klg !# 3/ kl/jf/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f x'g afFsL /x]sf 5g . zlgaf/ dfq} v'nf lbzfFd'Qm ePsf] b'uf{df08f+}df klg zf}rfno lgdf{0f afFsL /x]sf] Ps :yfgLon] hfgsf/L lbP .

afFemssfgL ufla; @)&) ;fn c;f/ ! ut] v'nf lbzfFd'Qm 3f]if0ff ePsf] xf] t/ laBfnodf zf}rfno 5}g . afFemssfgL ufla; –% afag6fsdf /x]sf] /fwfs[i0f k|fylds laBfnodf &% hgf laBfyL{ 5g zf}rfno eg] 5}g . afFemssfgL –^ df /x]sf] eujtL k|fylds laBfnodf /x]sf] zf}rfnosf] 5fgf x'/Ln] p8fPkl5 nfdf] ;dob]lv k|of]udf 5}g . ufla;s} t]8L afnlasf; s]Gb|sf] klg zf}rfnosf] vf8n dfq} 5, zf}rfno 5}g . ufla;df /x]sf] e}/a dfWoflds laBfnodf klg zf}rfnosf] /fd|f] Aoa:yf 5}g . ufpF lasf; ;ldltsf] eag x:tfGt/0f gx'Fb} hL0f{ x'Fb}5, zf}rfno x'g] s'/} ePg .

laBfno;+u cfly{s ;|f]t gePsfn] zf}rfno lgdf{0f ug{ g;lsPsf] /fwfs[i0f k|fylds laBfnosf k|wfgfWofks k|lbk v8sfn] atfP . pgn] eg] ælaBfno;+u cfly{s 5}g, ;xof]u ug]{ klg sf]xL e]l6Pgg\ s;/L zf}rfno lgdf0f{ ug'{Æ pgn] yk] :yfgLon] klg lgdf{0f ug{df rfF;f] lbPsf 5}gg\ .

laBfnodf zf}rfno lgdf{0f ug{sf nfuL ;a};+u cfu|x u5{g /fwfs[i0f k|fylds laBfno Ao:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o l6sf e'n . pgn] eg] æufla; v'nf lbzfFd'Qm ePsf] 5 laBfnodf zf}rfno lgdf{0f ug{ ;s]sf 5}gf}F . oxfF sfo{/t u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfn] zf}rfno lgdf{0fsf nfuL ;xof]u ug'{ k¥of]Æ laBfyL{x? zf}r ug{ glhs}sf] h+undf hfg] u/]sf] :yfgLo ho/fh cf]emfn] atfP . pgn] eg] æ&% hgf hlt laBfyL{ 5g, laBfnodf zf}rfno 5}g laBfyL{x? lbzfF lk;fa ug{ laBfno hfG5g .Æ AolQLut 3/x?df laBfnosf] h:tf] ca:yf gePklg k"0f{ ?kdf zf}rfnosf] k|of]u ePsf] 5}g .

afFemsfsgL ufla;n] zf}rfno lgdf0f{ ug]{ !$ hgfsf ;dflhs ;'/Iff eQf ;d]t /f]s]sf] lyof] . zf}rfno k|of]u tyf lgdf0f{sf] ca:yf lgs} sdhf]/ /x]sf] ;lra /fdrGb| e§n] :jLsf/ u/] . pgn] eg] æd 3f]if0ff eP k5L dfq o; ufla;df cfPsf] x'F zf}rfng gagfpg] !$ hgfsf] ;fdflhs  ;'/Iff eQf /f]s]sf] lyP # hgfnfO{ lbPsf] 5}g laBfnox?sf] kgL gfh's c:yf 5 .Æ

Uffla; v'nf lbzfFd'Qm ePkl5sf] ca:yfsf] cg'udg ug'{ kg]{ If]qLo cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f sfof{no /fhk'/sf k|sfz /fjnn] atfP . pgn] eg] æv'nflbzfF d'Qm 3f]if0ff u/]/ dfq x'Gg To;kl5sf] ca:yfsf] cg'udg ug'{ k5{, w]/} ufla;sf] cj:yf lrGtfhgs 5 .Æ s] km]/L v'nf lbzfFd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ug'{ k5{ < eGg] laDa ;fKtflxssf] kZgdf pgn] eg] ævlr{nf] ?kdf o;/L 3f]if0ff 7'nf] ;ef u/]/ ug'{ kg]{ h?/L 5}g t/ zf}rfno lgdf{0f / k|of]usf nfuL sfd ug'{ k5{ .Æ

ufla;nfO{ v'nf lb;fd'Qm 3f]if0ff dfq u/]/ s]xL gx'g] atfp5g vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ pkef]Qmf dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj o1/fh hf]zL plg eG5g æ xfdL Psftkm{ cf]l8Pkm 3f]if0ff ub}{ lx8]sf 5f}F t/ k5f8Lsf ufla;sf] ca:yf gfh's aGb} uPsf] 5 cg'udgsf sfd km]/L kgL ug'{ k5{ .

;Dkfblso

lsg a9\b}5g anfTsf/sf 36gf <

af/fsL 5 jifL{of aflnsf k"hf ;fxsf] anfTsf/kl5sf] d[To'n] cfdhgtfsf] cfª l;l/+u agfPsf] 5 . d[To'sf] va/ ;]nfpg gkfpFb} b]ze/ sl/a cfwf bh{geGbf a9L anfTsf/sf 36gf bf]xf]l/P . b'O{ jifL{of aflnsfb]lv &% jifL{of j[4f;d]t anfTsf/df k/] . o:tf 36gfn] cfkmGt, l5d]sLdfq x}g, ;f/f g]kfnLnfO{ kL8faf]w u/fof] . 36gf a[4L;+u} cfqmf]zsf] /fk ;8sb]lv ;bg;Dd k'Uof] .

anfTsf/ h:tf h3Go ck/fwlj?4 :j:km"t{ hgdt h'6\of] . b]zJofkL cfGbf]ng ;'? eof] . clxn] klg g]kfnu~h nufotsf :yfgdf 5f]/L/a]6L arfp cleofg hf/L 5 . cleofgdfkm{t bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Gofo lbg ;/sf/nfO{ bafa lbOPsf] 5 . gfaflnsf anfTsf/LnfO{ lhNnf cbfnt af/fn] #% jif{ h]n ;hfo tf]ls;s]sf] 5 . t/ klg cfqmf]]z yfdLPsf] 5}g . o:tf anfTsf/LnfO{ d[To'b08 g} lbOg'kg]{ dfu pl7/x]sf] 5 . ljz]iftM km];a's, l6\j6/ h:tf ;fdflhs ;~hfndf        anfTsf/LnfO{ d[To'b08 lbOg'kg]{ rsf]{ ax; ;'? ePsf] 5 . anfTsf/ / dlxnf lx+;flj?4sf] of] cleofg klxnf] geP klg :j:km"t{ / tnb]lv dflyNnf] tx;Dd t/+u Nofpg] of] klxnf] 36gf dfGg ;lsG5 . cleofgn] cfk/flws dgf]j[lQ ePsfx?nfO{ xtf]T;fxL / ;/sf/nfO{ cfkm\gf gful/ssf] ;'/Iffk|lt ;+j]bgzLn / lhDd]jf/ agfpg bafa lbP/ db\bt k'of{of];\ . x'g t 5f]/L/a]6Lsf] ;'/Iffsf] bfloTj /fHosf] dfq xf]Og .

anfTsf/sf 36gfdf kLl8t ;w}F vt/fdf /lx/xG5 . anfTsf/kl5 xTof;Ddsf 36gfqmdn] klg Tof] k'i6L u/]sf] 5 . anfTs[tnfO{ g} r'k /xg bafa l;h{gf ul/G5 . ;'?df 8/, wDsL lbOG5 . sxL+ ;fj{hlgs eOxfn] of ph'/L lbOxfn] ;a} pkfo -slyt_ cjnDag ub}{ aofg km]g]{, kl5 x6\g nufpg] h:tf s[To klg ul/G5 . anfTsf/kl5 :jf:Yo k/LIf0f,hfx]/Lb]lv ;fIfL askq;Ddsf sfg'gL k|Sl/ofut ´~´6af6 kLl8t dlxnf yk kL8fdf kg]{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . anfTsf/L eGbf anfTs[t dlxnf nlHht x'g'kg]{ cj:yf klg l;h{gf ul/G5 . t/ o;f] eGb}df anfTsf/sf 36gf u'kr"k /flvg'x'Fb}g. ph''/Lsf nflu ;j{k|yd :jo+ kLl8t cu|;/ x'g h?/L 5 . o;f] gul/Fbf anfTsf/L ´g\ pT;fxL x'g] / 36gf k'g/fj[lQ x'g] k|jn ;Defjgf /lx/xG5 . sltko cj:yfdf anfTsf/ d'4f /sdL n]gb]gdf 6'+UofOg] klg ul/G5 . kfl/jfl/s :t/d} /sd n]gb]gaf6 klg anfTsf/ d'4f 6'+Uofpg vf]lhG5g\ . o;lj?4 klg cfjfh ;zQm agfOg'k5{ .

clxn] h3Go ck/fwdf ;+nUgnfO{ clwstd ;hfo lbOg'k5{ eGg] cledt phfuf/ eO/x]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ :jfefljs dflgP klg anfTsf/LnfO{ sfg'gdf x'Fb} gePsf] kmfF;L lbg'kg]{ h:tf dfu klg pl7/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfn d[To' b08lj?4sf] cGt/fli6«o dxf;lGwsf] kIf /fi6« xf] . t;y{ klg g]kfnn] -clxn]_ d[To' b08sf] sfg'g agfpg] x}l;ot /fVb}g . t/ klg clxn]sf] ax;n] sfg'g kl/jt{gsf] Ph]G8fnfO{ eg] hah{:t p7fg u/]sf] 5 . d[To' b08n] dfq o:tf ck/fw /f]lsb}gg\ . o;n] g kLl8tnfO{ Gofo ;'lgZlrt ug{ ;S5, g ck/fw lgd"{n g} . ck/fwdf ;+nUgsf] Hofg lng] pkfo s]jn lx+;fsf] k'g/fj[QL dfq x'g ;S5 . clxn] %) d'n'sdf d[To' b08;DaGwL sfg'gL k|fjwfg 5g\ To;sf] k|of]u klg ;Lldt 5 . ef/tdf klg d[To' b08sf] k|fjwfg 5 . o:tf] Joj:yf x'Fb}df ToxfFxTof / anfTsf/sf 36gfdf sdL cfPsf] 5 t <  of}g lx+;fsf &) k|ltzt 36gf 3/leq} x'g] tYof+s ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 t/ klg tL 36gf nf]snfh / kfl/jfl/s, ;fdflhs ;+/rgfn] ;xh} ;fj{hlgs x'g kfpFb}gg\ .

dlb/fn] t;f{P/sf] ;d'bfo

æxfdL 3/sf] ;j} lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNg ;Ifd 5f}+, k'?ifx?n] /S;L vfP/ emu8f ug]{ sfd dfq} gul/lbP k'U5 .Æ e'ld/fhdf08f}+ ufla;:t/Lo dlxnf ;~hfnsL cWoIf tf/f jnfo/ dlb/f ;]jg u/]/ k'?ifx?n] dlxnf / jfnjfln –sfx?;+u emu8f ubf{ lgs} ;d:of eO{/x]sf] jtfpFl5g . pgL elG5g æ;j}eGbf klxn] ufpFdf dlb/f jGb x'g' k5{, To;kl5 dfq cGo lasf; x'G5 .Æ tf/f h:t} b'v];f] kf]V5g :yfgLo dlxnf OZj/Lb]jL la7f8L . dlb/f ;]jg u/]/ ufpFdf xf]xNnf ug]{, ufnL unf}h ug]{ k'?ifx?sf sf/0f dlxnfx? c;'/lIft /x]sf] la7f8Lsf] egfO{ 5 . k'?ifx?n] 3/sf] sfd gul/lbP/ eGbf a9L /S;L vfPsf sf/0f cfkm'x?nfO{ tgfj x'g]    u/]sf] la7f8Lsf] egfO{ 5 .

cfkm'nfO{ /fhgLlts sfo{stf{ x'F eGg]x?jf6 dlb/fsf] n'sLl5kL sf/f]jf/ x'g] u/]sf] dlxnfx?sf] cf/f]k 5 . …/fhgLlts bnsf :yfgLo g]tf x'F eGg]x?jf6 dlb/fsf] cj}w sf/f]jf/ ug]{x?sf] ;+/If0f eO{/x]sf] 5Ú :yfgLo ladnf v8sf elG5g …cj}w ?kdf dlb/f laqmL lat/0f ug]{nfO{ k|x/L nufP/ klg sf/jfxL ug'{k5{ .Ú

/fhgLlts bnsf sfo{stf{x?jf6 To:tf] gePsf] jtfpF5g g]kfnL sf+u|]; e'ld/fhdf08f}+ ufpF O{sfO ;ldltsf ;efklt /fdgfy of]uL . pgL eG5g …lbkfonjf6 n'sfP/ /S;L Nofpg] clg 3/df a;]/ vfP/ >Ldlt / 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ s'6\g] u/]sf 36gf 5g, o:tf 36gfx?df dlxnfx?n] k|ltsf/ ug'{k5{ .Ú g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] s'g} sfo{stf{n] To:tf] u/]sf] kfO{Pdf cfkm'n] sf/jfxL ug{ kxn ug]{ of]uLsf] egfO{ 5 .

of]uLs} s'/fdf ;xL yK5g Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf k|ltlglw g/jxfb'/ v8sf . v8sf eG5g …kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ eg]/ s;}nfO{ klg 5'6 x'Fb}g, ;j}nfO{ sf/jfxL x'g'k5{ / x'G5 klg . olb s'g} klg kf6L{sf] g]tfn] cfkm\gf] dfG5]nfO{ jrfpg] sfd u5{ eg] Toltj]nf ;j}n] k|ltsf/ ug'{ kg]{ pgsf] egfO{ 5 .

ufpF lasf; ;ldlt ;lrj 8an ef6n] e'ld/fdf08f}+ ufla;nfO{ lalwjt\ ?kdf dlb/f lgif]lwt If]q 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ePklg oxfF rf]/]/ laqmL lat/0f ug]{ ul/Psf] jtfP . …Ps t ;/sf/sf] klg bf]if 5Ú ;lrj ef6 eG5g …dlb/f lgif]lwt If]qdf klg O{hfht kq lbP/ km]/L ;d:of jgfPsf] 5 .Ú cfkm'n] cj}w ?kdf dlb/f laqmL lat/0f ug]{ / dlb/f vfP/ xf]-xNnf ug]{x?nfO{ sfg'gL sf/jfxL ug{sf nflu O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{no lbkfondf n]vL k7fpg] u/]sf] jtfpFb} ef6n] eg] …k|x/Ljf6 ;xof]u eO{/x]sf] . 

laKna dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf k|x/L lgoGq0fdf

laKna g]t[Tjsf] g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf sld6L ;lrjfno ;b:o ;'/]Gb| b]pjf æch'{gÆ nfO{ k|x/Ln] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] 5 . zlgaf/ Onfsf     k|x/L sfof{no lakLgu/af6 uPsf] k|x/L 6f]nLn] pgsf] 3/af6} lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no 8f]6Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

g]tf b]pjfnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lng'sf] sf/0f k|x/Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5}g . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no 8f]6Lsf k|x/L pk/LIfs lxdaxfb'/ nfdfn] eg] æ;f]wk'5sf nfuL lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] xf], af6f]df NofO{b} 5 .Æ lgoGq0fdf lng'sf] sf/0f nfdfn] vf]Ng rfx]gg\ . pgn] eg] æclxn] ;a} s'/f eGg ldNb}g ;f]wk'5sf nfuL dfq} lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] xf] Æ

s]xL xKtf klxn] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf kbd/fh hf]zLsf] a5}{g ufla;sf] lakLgu/sf] 3/ laKna dfcf]jfbLn] sAhf       u/]sf] atfPsf] lyof] . g]tf b]pjfnfO{ 3/ sAhfsf] laifonfO{ lnP/ k|x/Ln] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] klg k|:6 ?kdf 3/sAhfsf] s'/f pNn]v u/]sf] 5}g . la1KtLdf pNn]v 5 æpQm 36gfnfO{ lnP/ h'g PstkmL{ e|i6sf] l;kmf/L;df kqmfp     ul/Psf] 5 o;df xfd|f] 3f]/ cfklQ k|s6 ub{5f}F .Æ 

dfcf]jfbL lhNnf ;x–;lrj /f]zg /}sfnåf/f hf/L la1KtL dfkm{t g]tf b]pjfnfO{ lagfzt{ 5f]8\g cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 . laKna dfcf]jfbLsf 8f]6L O{~rfh{ laa]s s'dfnn] eg] æxfd|f] ;fyLnfO{ cgfxsdf k|x/Ln] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] 5, ef]nL;Dd 5f]8]g eg] s8f sbd rfNg klg afWo x'g] 5f}F . To;af6 pTkGg kl/0ffdsf] xfDfL hjfkmb]xL x'g] 5}gf}F .Æ

lgufnfsf] e/df sfNr]sf] kl/jf/

8f]6L lhNnf aUfn]s ufla;–& lgjf;L sfNr] bdfO{sf] hLagsf] ;fx/f lgufnf] alg/x]sf] 5 . %) aif]{ sfNr] bdfO{sf] cfwf bh{g a9L kl/jf/sf] b}lgs u'h/f ug]{ d'Vo cfwf/  lgufnf] xf] .

laxfg pHofnf] ePb]lv  /ftL gk?Gh]n];Dd lgufnfsf] laleGg lsl;dsf 8f]sf, 8fnf a'Ggdf Ao:t x'g] u/]sf] pgn] atfP . sfNr] @) aif{b]lv of] k]zf ub}{ cfPsf 5g . pgsf] ;fydf clxn] >LdtL, tLg 5f]/f / tLg gftL gtLgfx? 5g\ . cfkm\gf] gfddf Ps /f]kgL hldg g/x]sf] klg b'v];f] bdfO{n] kf]v] . k|To]s lbg Ps b]lv tLg 8f]sf tof/ ug{ ;s]klg d]xgt cg';f/sf] ahf/ gkfPsf] eGb} dg ?jfpb} b'v];f] kf]v] . clxn] cfkm\gf] nfuL l;nu9Lsf] ahf/dfq l;ldt ePsfn] u|xfssf] O{R5f cg';f/sf] b/efpdf laqmL ug{ afWo /x]sf] atfP . Pp6f 8f]sf]nfO{ b'O{ ;ob]lv b'O{ ;o krf;;Dddf laqmL u/L 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] nfuL n'uf kmf6f], t]n, ;fa'g, rdfn, bfn h:tf b}lgs pkef]Uo ;fdg v/Lb u/L b}lgsL u'hf/L /x]sf 5g . c? ;a} ;fdfgsf] d'No a[l4 ePklg cfkm'n] ul//x]sf] k]zfsf] d'Nodf s'g} km]/ abn gePsf] eGb} cfkm\gf] k]zfg} ;+s6df k/]sf] atfP . vKt8 /fli6«o lgs'~haf6 k'hL{ lnP/ b'O{ ltg lbgsf] nfdf] ofqfu/L aNntNn yf]/} lgufnf NofO{ 8f]sf, 8fnf] a'Gg' kg]{ afWotf bdfO{sf] /x]sf] 5 .

sfNr] bdfsf cg';f/ of] k]zf cufn]/ a;]sf of] 6f]ndf kGb| b]lv la; 3/ kl/jf/ /x]sf 5g\ . lo ;a} kl/jf/sf] Aoyf klg sfNr]sf] hLag eGbf km/s 5}g\ .  aun]s ufla;sf Ps :yfgLon] gfd gvf]Ng cfu|x ub}{ eg] ælhNnfdf blntsf] gfddf sfd ug{ To:t} laleGg ;Lkd'ns sfd ug]{ y'k|} ;+3;+:yf ePsf] ;'g], t} klg xfd|f] h:tf k]zfsf] nfuL sfd ug{ s'g} klg ;+3;+:yf 5}g .Æ

clxn] Tof] 6f]ndf k|To]s 3/3/df ToxfFsf dflg;x? oxL sfddf ;Dk'0f{ ;do vlr{/x]sf b]lvG5g\ . h'g ;b/d'sfd l;nu9Laf6 b'O{ 306fsf] dfq k}bn ofqfu/L of] 7fpdf ;xh} k'Ug ;lsg], ;8ssf] ;'lawf tyf ;'b"/klZdsf] d'6' VfKt8 /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] k|a]zåf/df /x]sf] of] 7fpFdf af; tyf lgufnf] pBf]usf] lgs}g} ;Defagf af]s]sf] 5 . h'g lgufnf]sf] e/df hLagofkg ul//x]sf] ToxfFsf] ;d'bfonfO{ cem} of] k]zfdf lhDd]jf/ / of] k]zfsf] hu]{gf{ ug{sf] nfuL klg of] ;d'bfonfO{ s]xL g s]xL ?kdf ;x'lnot ug{ ;s]df cem} Toxfsf] ;d'bfonfO{ hLagofkg ug{ ;lhnf] x'g] lyof] .

lgufnf] pBf]usf] :yfkgf ug{sf] nfuL of] 7fpdf lgs}g} ;Defagf /x]sf] 5 . To; 7fpFsf o'jfx? clxn] klg sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf ef/tsf laleGg 7fpFdf wfO{/x]sf 5g\ . of] o'jf zlQmnfO{ klg af; tyf lgufnf]sf] ;dfgx? lgdf{0f ;DalGw tflnd lbO{ o'jfnfO{ 3/d} :j/f]huf/ agfpg ;lsg] k|an ;Defgfd /x]sf] 5 . o;df ;a} lgsfosf] Wofg hfg h?/L 5 . 

b'O{ ufla; v'nf lbzfFd'Qm 3f]if0ff

8f]6L lhNnfsf] lhNnf ;b/d'sfd glhs} /x]sf]   e'ld/fhdf08f}+ / b'uf{df08f}+ ufla; v'nf lbzfFd'Qm 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . b'O{ ufla; lbzfFd'Qm eP;+u} lhNnfsf $# ufla; v'nf lbzfFd'Qm ePsf 5g .

e'ld/fhdf08f}+ ufla; lalxaf/ / b'uf{df08f}+ ufla;nfO{ zlgaf/ Ps sfo{qmdsflar 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . b'a} ufla;df zf}rfno lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO{ k|of]u ePkl5 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] ufla;x?n] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g .

e'ld/fhdf08f}+ / b'uf{df08f}+ ufla;nfO{ v'nf lbzfFd'Qm 3f]if0ff ug{sf nfuL g]kfn /]8qmz ;f];fO{6Ln] ;xhLs/0f u/]sf] lyof] . b'uf{df08f+} ufla;df ;a}n] zf}rfno lgdf{0f tyf k|of]u u/]kl5 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] /]8qmz 8f]6Lsf zfvf k|aGws ;'jfz >]i7n] atfP .

e'ld/fhdf08f}+ ufla;df ePsf] 3f]if0ff ;efsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj ;lrj 8an ef6n] u/]sf lyP eg] b'uf{df08f}+ ufla;df ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;lra hgs s7fotn] u/sf lyP . b'a} ufla;df ePsf sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly 8f]6Lsf :yfgLo lasf; clwsf/L Wofg s'df/ yfkf /x]sf lyP .

8f]6Ldf klg df]rf{sf] la/f]w k|b{zg

Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] #) bnLo df]rf{n] 8f]6L lhNnfdf k|bz{g u/]sf] 5 . df]rf{sf] l;nu9L a;kfs{ b]lv ;'? ePsf] la/f]w ¥ofnL  lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no 8f]6Lsf] cuf8L rf]sdf k'u]/ sf]0f;ef ub}{ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

#) bnLo df]rf{sf] s]Gb|Lo lg0f{o cg';f/ 8f]6L lhNnfdf klg la/f]3 k|b{zg u/]sf] Pdfcf]jfbL 8f]6Lsf ;lra lza l;+ cf]nLn] hfgsf/L lbP . tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ;+lawfg gaGg'df at{dfg ;/sf/ lhDd]jf/ /x]sf] Pdfcf]jfbL 8f]6Lsf cWoIf lqnf]rg e§n] atfP . sf]0f;efnfO{ ;Daf]bg ub}{ cWoIf e§n] anfTsf/ h:tf] ulDe/ laifo :jeflas 7fGg] ;/sf/ hgtfsf] kIfdf x'g} g;Sg] atfP . cWoIf e§n] gofF aGg] ;+lawfg ;xdltsf cfwf/df hf/L x'g' kg]{ atfpFb} ;]tL dxfsfnLsf]] /fhwfgL lbkfon x'g' kg]{df hf]8 lbPsf lyP .

#) bnLo df]rf{sf] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ng ePsf] atfOPklg 8f]6Ldf b'O /fhg}lts bnsf] dfq ;xefuLtf /x]sf] lyof] . df]rf{df /x]sf cGo @* bnsf] ;+u7g lhNnfdf lqmoflzn gePsfn] pgLx?sf] ;xeflutf gePsf]  Pdfcf]jfbL g]tf hgfb{g hf]zLn] atfP . la/f]w k|b{zgdf Pdfcf]jfbL;+u} ;+3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf] ;xefuLtf /x]sf] lyof] .

lakIfL df]rf{4f/f cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmd lkmtf{

Pdfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] #) bnLo u7aGwgn] k"j{ lgwf{l/t cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmddf   kl/dfh{g ub}{ ef]lnb]lv @# ut];Ddsf ;a} cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdx? lkmtf{ lnPsf] 5 .

Pdfcf]jfbL ;+;bLo bnsf] sfof{no l;+xb/af/df ;f]daf/ a;]sf] #) bnLo u7aGwgsf] a}7sn] r}t @$ b]lv @^ ut]sf] b]zJofkL cfdx8\tfn ;kmn agfpg s]Gb|Lt x'g] eGb} To; cl3 tof/Lsf nflu cGo sfo{qmd lkmtf{ lnPsf] Pdfcf]jfbL pkfWoIf             gf/fo0fsfhL >]]i7n] atfP .

o; cl3 Pdfcf]jfbL u7aGwgn] r}t !& / !* ut] ug]{ elgPsf] lhNnf  k|zf;g sfof{no 3]/fp, !( ut] g]kfn aGb, @) b]lv @# ut];Dd      ;/sf/L s/ sfof{no 3]/fp tyf s/ gltg{ cfu|x ;lxt ca/f]w ug]{ sfo{qmd /fv]sf] lyof] .

k"j{lgwf{l/t sfo{qmdnfO{ kl/dfh{g ub}{ u7aGwgn] @$ b]lv @^ ut];Ddsf] cfdx8tfn ;kmn agfpg ef]lnb]lvg}   hgkl/rfng tyf ;r]tf cleofg rnfpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] >]i7n] atfP .

To;}u/L @! ut] b]zsf d'Vo zx/x?df cGt{lqmof tyf @# ut] d;fn h'n'; ug]{ sfo{qmd to ePsf] 5 . ;xdltsf cfwf/df ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug'{sf] ;6\6f ;Qf?9 bn / ;/sf/n] cfkm"x?nfO{ s]an jftf{sf gfddf cN´fpg] / cfGbf]ng t'xfpg] /0fgLltsf ?kdf lnPs]f 7x/ ub}{ u7aGwgn] ca ;/sf/ jftf{sf] 7f]; k|:tfj ;lxt ulDe/ eP/ cl3 ga9];Dd cfkm"x? cfGbf]ngdf g} s]Gb|Lt x'g] klg a}7sn] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

cfkm'x? jftf{k|lt k|lta4 ePklg ;/sf/ ;sf/fTds ;f]rsf ;fy 7f]; k|:tfj gcfP;Dd jftf{sf] s'g} cy{ gePsf] pgn] atfP .

To;}u/L ;+ljwfg;ef cfkm"x?;+u s'g} /fo ;Nnfx gu/L cWoIf ;'jf;rGb| g]Djfªn] PskIfLo 9+un] r}t @# ut]sf nflu 8fs]sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] a}7sdf ;xefuL gx'g] lg0f{o klg u7aGwgn] u/]sf] 5 . ut df3 !! ut] ;efWoIfn] lj/f]wsf afah'w k|ZgfjnL k|:tfj lgdf{0f ;ldlt u7g u/]kl5 Pdfcf]jfbL u7aGwgdf cfa4 !( bnsf ;b:ox?n] ;+ljwfg;ef / ;+;bsf ;ldltx?sf] a}7s kmfu'g !^ ut];Dd alxisf/ ub}{ cfPsf lyP .

x]6f}8f ahf/df lbge/ u}F8f 8'Nof]

lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~haf6 lalRsP/ cfOtaf/ dfgj:tL l5/]sf] u}+8f ;f]daf/ /flt km]l/ lgs'~h kmlsP{sf] 5 . dsjfgk'/sf] blIf0fL efu r'l/ofdfO{ af6 dfgj:tL l5/]sf] u}+8f /flt /df}nL–k|tfkk'/sf] h+un l5/]sf] lgs'~h    sd{rf/Ln] atfP . of] h+un k;f{ jGohGt' cf/If cGtut{ k5{ .

k;f{ jGohGt' cf/Iff xF'b} j:tL l5/]sf] u}+8fsf] cfdqm0fdf k/L x]6f}+8f ^ sL ^! jifL{of xl/dfof bfxfnsf] pkrf/sf] qmddf x]6f}+8f c:ktfndf d[To' ePsf] lyof] . u}+8f ;f]daf/ ljxfg x]6f}+8fs]f kz'kltgu/ cfOk'u]sf] lyof] .

ToxfFaf6 r'l/ofdfO{sf] h+un x'Fb} lzv/kfgLdf k'u]/ Ps j[4fnfO{ 3fOt] agfof] . To;kl5 x]6f}+8f ^ df k'u]sf] u}+8fn] h+undf ;f]Q/ ;f]xf]g{ uPsL bfxfnnfO{ cfqmd0f u/]sf] lyof] .

ahf/df u}+8f bu'/]sf] lyof] . kl5kl5 ;'/IfsdL{ / :yfgLo afl;Gbf bf}8]sf lyP . u}+8f c:ktfndf k|j]z    u/]kl5 tLg hgfnfO{ cfqmd0f u/]/ 3fOt] agfof] . tL tLg} hgf u}+8f x]g{ cfPsf lyP . To;kl5 c:ktfnsf] alx/+u ;]jf k|efljt ePsf] lyof] . u}+8f c:ktfns} 5]psf] wfkdf tLg 306f a:of] . ToxfF u}+8f x]g]{x?sf] eL8 nfu]sf] lyof] . tLg 306fkl5 pQm hgfj/ lhNnf x'nfssf] sfof{nodf k:of] . ToxfF b'O{hgf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfqmd0f u/]/ /fKtL/f]8, a;kfs{ x'Fb} uPsf] u}+8fn] df]6/;fOsn, l/S;fnfO{ kN6fOlbFbf Ps dlxnf 3fOt] eOg\ . To;kl5 t/sf/L ahf/ x'Fb} 6L;LPgsf] ´f8Ldf k'u]sf] u}+8fn] ToxfF rf/ 306f latfof] .

k;f{ jGohGt' cf/Ifaf6 @ / lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~haf6 @ u/L $ j6f xfQL NofP/ u}+8fnfO{ wkfP/ /fKtLvf]nf glhssf] h+undf k'of{OPsf] lyo] . u}+8f lalRsP/ jf af6f] la/fP/ x]6f}+8f k'u]sf] x'g ;Sg] lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~hsf sdnh+u s'Fj/n] atfP .

h]n k:g' kg]{ eg] k5L em:sLP g]Djfª

:jsLo ;lrj a'4L vgfnn] laxLaf/ lhNnf cbfnt sf7df8f}+sf] /]s8{df !* lbg h]n ;hfo e'Stfg ug{ afFsL pNn]v /x]sf] ;'gfpFbf ;+ljwfg;ef cWoIf ;'jf;rGb| g]Djfª ´:sLP . sfg'gsf 1ftf g]Djfªn] tTsfn vgfnnfO{ ;f]w], …s'g d'2fsf] km};nfcg';f/ h]n a:g'kg]{ <Æ …tTsfnLg >L % sf] ;/sf/lj?4 cjx]ngf d'4f,Æ :jsLo ;lrj vgfnn] ;'gfP .

To;kl5 g]DjfªnfO{ yfxf eOxfNof], Tof] #& jif{cl3sf] d'4f lyof] . tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL t'n;L lu/Lsf] efif0f             …/fi6«3ftLÆ eof] eg]/ @)#$ ;fndf sf7df8f}+df krf{ afF8]sf] cf/f]kdf g]Djfªlj?4 cjx]ngf d'4f nfu]sf] .

tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL t'n;L lu/Lsf lj?4krf{ afF8]sf] km]nf k/]kl5 g]Djfª, eLd /fjn, eLd Gof}kfg] / ;'gLn /fO{lj?4 ;/sf/sf] cjx]ngf d'4f bfo/ u/]sf] lyof]. tTsfnLg c~rnfwLz ;"o{k|;fb >]i7n] pgLx? lj?4 krf{ afF8]sf] cleof]udf ^ dlxgf h]n ;hfo ;'gfPsf lyP . To;kl5 g]Djfªnufot ;a}n] s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/df ^ dlxgf h]nhLjg latfP .

kl5 dWodf~rn If]]qLo cbfntn] klg ;f]xL km};nf ;b/ uof]{ . km};nf ;b/ ubf{ yk s]xL lbg c´} h]n a:g'kg]{ b]lvof] . To;kl5 @)#$ d} pgLx?n] ;jf]{Rrdf k'g/fj]bg u/] . ;jf]{Rrn] To;a]nf Pp6} d'4fsf cleo'Qm Pp6} cj:yfsf eP k'g/fj]bg gug]{sf] xsdf klg ;kmfO lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf eP klg @)#% df3 !$ ut] /fjn, Gof}kfg], /fO{nfO{ dfq ;kmfO lbof] . t/, g]Djfªsf af/]df ;jf]{Rr s]xL af]n]g . To;kl5 g]Djfªn] …d]/faf/] lsg af]lnPgÆ eGb} km]l/ k'g/fj]bg u/]  .

tTsfnLg jl/i7 GofofwLz ljZjgfy pkfWofo, ;'/]Gb|k|;fb l;+x, q}nf]So/fh cof{nsf] Ohnf;n] @)#^ df3 @@ ut] g]DjfªnfO{ ;kmfO lbof] .

g]Djfªn] z'S/af/ g} ;jf]{Rrn] )#^ ;fndf u/]sf] km};nfsf] k|lt …g]kfn sfg'g klqsfÆ lhNnf cbfntdf k]; u/]sf 5g\ . …/fhsfhsf o:tf d'4f clxn] g]kfndf 7"nf] ;d:ofsf ?kdf b]vf k/]sf 5g\,Æ

:/f]tsf cg';f/ g]Djfªn] k|wfgGofofwLz /fds'df/k|;fb ;fx / sfg'gdGqL g/xl/ cfrfo{nfO{ cbfntsf] sfdsf/afxLsf af/]df Wofgfsif0f{ u/fPsf 5g\. …tkfO+n] ;fx|} l;l/o; ljifodf Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg'eof],Æ k|wfgGofofwLz ;fxsf] egfO pb\w[t ub}{ g]Djfªn] eg], …To;sf nflu tkfO{+nfO{ wGojfb .Æ

s~rgk'/df 5f]/fn] u/] afa'sf] xTof

s~rgk'/sf] blIf0fL If]q a}nf/Ldf 5f]/fn] 3/]n' xltof/ k|xf/ u/L afa'sf] xTof u/]sf 5g\ . a]nf}/L gu/kflnsf–% df xl/nfnn cfrfo{sf] pgsf 5f]/f ch'{gn] xTof u/]sf x'g\ . xTofdf ;+nUg ch'{g k|x/L lx/f;tdf /flvPsf 5g\ .

k|x/Lsf cg';f/ a'waf/ /flt !)M $) ah] cfrfo{ bDklQdf cfkzL ljjfbkl5 ch'{gn] a'jfdfly xl;of / rSs' k|xf/ u/]sf x'g\ . b'a} hgaLr cfkzL ljjfbdf cfrfo{n] >LdltnfO{ s'6lk6 u/]kl5 l/;fP/ 5f]/fn] a'jfdfly xltof/ k|xf/ u/]sf] k|x/L gfoa        pk/LIfs ljgf/fo0f sfkm\n]n] atfP . pgsf cg';f/ crfo{sf] k]6 / 3fF6Ldf k|xf/ ul/Psf] 5 .

:yfgLosf] hfgsf/Lsf] cfwf/df k|x/L 6f]nL /flt g} cfrfo{sf] 3/df k'u]sf] lyof] . ´u8f ePsf] hfgsf/Lsf    cfwf/df 3/df k'Ubf cfrfo{sf] xTof ul/Psf] e]l6Psf] lyof] . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no a]nf}l/n] !& jlifo{ ch'g{nfO{ kqmfp u/L lx/f;tdf    /fv]sf] 5 . cfrfo{sf] zj k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|df /flvPsf] 5 . xTofdf k|of]u ul/Psf xltof/ k|x/Ln] a/fdb u/]sf] 5 .

o;}u/L a'waf/ /flt a]nf}/L gu/kflnsf –& df sn'/fd rf}w/Lsf] xFl;of k|xf/ u/L xTof ul/Psf] 5 . a'waf/ /flt ;'lt/x]sf cj:yfdf l5d]sL aDa/ rf}w/L pgsf / 5f]/f /fh]z  rf}w/Ln] xTof u/]sf x'g\ . xTofkl5 aDa/ km/f/ ePsf 5g\ . k|x/Ln] pgsf 5f]/f /fh]znfO{ kqmfp u/L lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] 5 .

k|x/Lsf cg';f/ xFl;of k|xf/af6 uDeL/ 3fOt] agfOPsf $% jlifo{ rf}w/Lsf] pkrf/sf qmddf a]nf}/Ll:yt :jf:yo s]Gb|df d[To' ePsf] xf] .Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no a]nf}/Lsf k|=gfoa lg/LIfs wd]{Gb| s'df/ /fO{sf] g]t[Tjdf /flt g} k|x/L 6f]nL vl6Psf] lyof] .

8f=uf]ljGb s];Lsf] :jf:Yol:ytL hl6n

lrlsT;f lzIff / ;]jfdf ;'wf/sf] dfu ub}{ gf} lbgb]lv cgzg/t lqljlj lzIf0f c:ktfn xf8hf]gL{ ljefudf sfo{/t k|f 8f=uf]ljGb s];Lsf] :jf:Yo:lylt hl6n ag]sf] 5 .

pgsf] :jf:Yodf pkrf//t k|f 8f lbJol;+x zfxn] cfh cgzg:yndf 8f=s];Lsf] :jf:Yosf af/]df ;~rf/sdL{nfO{ lbg'lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ 8f s];LnfO{ h'g;'s} ;dodf klg ;3g pkrf/sIf -cfOl;o'_df nuL pkrf/ ug'{kg]{ cj:yf cfpg ;S5 .

t/ 8f s];Ln] eg] cfkm"nfO{ cfOl;o'df nuL pkrf/ gug{ cfkm\gf ;xof]uLx? nfO{ eg]sf 5g\ . 8f zfxn] 8f s];Lsf] lk;fadf Pl;6f]g, sd /Strfk -nf] An8 k|];/_,  sdhf]/ df+;k]zL tyf /StgnL, 6fpsf] b'Vg], l/ªu6f nfUg] nIf0f b]lvPsf] 5 .

8f zfxsf cg';f/  s];Lsf] /QmgnL sdhf]/ x'Fb} hfFbf o;n] d:ltis, d'6' tyf lduf{}nfnfO{ k|ToIf c;/ k'¥ofpg ;S5 . h'g;'s} ;dodf o;sf] c;/ b]lvg ;S5 . To;}n] ;do–;do Ol;hLsf dfkm{t d'6' / d:ltis k/LIf0f x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . gf} lbgb]lv vfgf gvfFbf dw'd]x -;'u/_ al9/x]sf] 5, o;nfO{ lgoGq0fug{ :nfOg kof{Kt gx'g ;S5, <  8f zfxn] eg] –  æxfdLn] 8f s];LnfO{ sd af]Ng ;'´fj lbO/x]sf 5f}F t/ dflg/xg'ePsf] 5}g, b}lgs af]nLdf :ki6tf klg cfpg 5f8]sf] 5 . Æ

8f s];L cfkm\gf] cgzgnfO{ P]Soa4tf hgfpg cfpg]nfO{ cfkm\gf dfu / c8fgsf af/]df :ki6 ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . laxfgdfq e]6    u/]sf PsLs[t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfnnfO{ sl/a kfFr ldg]6 cfkm\gf dfuaf/] hfgsf/L       u/fPsf lyP .o;}aLr, pgsf] dfuk|lt ;/sf/ ;+j]bgzLn gb]lvPsf] eGb} /fhwfgLdf /x]sf] lrlsT;f zf:q cWoog ul//x]sf ljb\ofyL{n] cfh k|wfgdGqL lgjf; afn'jf6f/ 3]/fp u/]sf 5g\ .

v]n ;dfrf/

laZjskdf s:n] stL k'/:sf/ kfP

ci6]«lnof / Go"lhNof08df cfOtaf/ ;DkGg ljZjsk lqms]6sf] pkflw ci6«]lnofn] xft kf/]sf] 5 .

sl/a 8]9 dlxgf nfdf] ;do;Dd ljZjsksf] pkflw kfFrf} k6s ci6«]lnofn] lhTof] . of] ljZjskdf cGt/fli6«o lqms]6 kl/ifb -cfOl;;L_n] ! s/f]8 @ nfv @% xhf/ cd]l/sL 8n/ k'/:sf/ ljt/0F u¥of]. cl3Nnf] ljZjsksf] t'ngfdf @) k|ltztn] k'/:sf/ /sd a[b\lw       u/]sf] cfOl;;Ln] o; ljZjskdf s'g 6f]lnnfO{ slt lbof] .

ci6]«lnof M $! nfv && xhf/ 8n/ pkflw ljt]tf 6f]nL ci6]«lnofn] lht;+u} s'n $! nfv && xhf/ 8n/ k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . pkflw lht]sf]df #( nfv &% xhf/ cd]l/sL 8n/ tyf ;d"x r/0fdf rf/ v]n lht]sf]df k|lt lht $% xhf/ cd]l/sL 8n/ kfPsf] xf]. o:t} ! v]ndf a/fj/L v]n]sf] ci6]«lnofn] a/fa/Lsf @@ xhf/ % ;o 8n/ klg kfof] . lht / a/fa/Laf6 dfq p;n] @ nfv @ xhf/ kfFr ;o 8n/ kfof] .

Go'lhNof08 M @) nfv &% xhf/ 8n/ klxnf] k6s ljZjskdf k'u]/ pkljh]tfdf lrTt a'´fPsf] Go'lhNof08n] @) nfv &% xhf/ 8n/ xft kf/]sf] 5 .  pkljh]tf afktsf] !& nfv &% xhf/ / ;d"x r/0fdf lht]sf ^ v]nsf] k|ltv]n $% xhf/ 8n/sf   b/n] @ nfv &) xhf/ 8n/;lxt Go"lhNof08n] s'n @) nfv &% xhf/ 8n/ kfPsf] xf] .

ef/t M * nfv () xhf/ 8n/l8km]lG8ª RoflDkog ef/t of] k6s ;]ldkmfOgndf ci6"]lnof;"u k/flht x'"b} aflxl/Psf] lyof]. ;]ldkmfOgn;Dd k'u]sf] ef/tn] o;k6s s'n * nfv () xhf/ 8n/ k'/:sf/ kfof]. ;]ldkmfOgndf aflxl/Psf] 6f]nLn] kfpg] ^ nfv 8n/ / ;d"x r/0Fdf lht]sf ^ v]nsf] k|lt v]n $% xhf/ 8nn/sf b/n] @ nfv &) xhf/ 8n/;lxt pSt /sd kfPsf] xf].

blIf0f ckml/sf M & nfv *) xhf/ 8n/ o:t} ;]ldkmfOgndf cfof]hs Go"lhNof08;+u k/flht blIf0f ckml/sfn] s'n & nfv *) xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . blIf0f ckml/sfn] ;]ldkmfOgnaf6 aflxl/g] 6f]nLn] k|fKt ug]{ ^ nfv / ;d"x r/0fdf $ v]naf6 $% xhf/sf b/n] ! nfv () xhf/ 8nn k'/:sf/ kfPsf] xf] >Ln+sf M $ nfv () xhf/ 8n/ljZjsksf] Sjf6/ kmfOgn;Ddsf] ofqf to u/]sf] >Ln+sfn] s'n $ nfv () xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] 5 .          Sjf6/kmfOgnaf6 aflxl/g] 6f]nLn] k|fKt ug]{ # nfv 8n/ / ;d"x r/0fdf $ v]naf6 lht xft kf/]sf] p;n] k|lt v]n $% xhf/ 8n/sf b/n] ! nfv () xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] xf] .

kfls:tfg M $ nfv () xhf/ 8n/ ljZjsksf] Sjf6/kmfOgnaf6} aflxl/Psf] kfls:tfgn] klg s'n $ nfv () xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . kfls:tfgn] Sjf6/kmfOgnaf6 aflxl/g] 6f]nLn] k|fKt ug]{ # nfv 8n/ ;d'x   r/0fdf lht xft kf/]sf $ v]nsf nflu k|lt v]n $% xhf/ 8n/sf b/n] ! nfv () xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] xf].

a+unfb]z M $ nfv %& xhf/ % ;o 8n/ klxnf] k6s ljZjsksf] bf];|f] r/0fdf k'u]sf] a+unfb]z Sjf6/kmfOgnaf6} aflxl/P klg s'n $ nfv %& xhf/ % ;o 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] 5 .  a+unfb]zn] Sjf6/kmfOgnaf6 aflxl/g] 6f]nLn] k|fKt ug]{ # nfv 8n/ ;d"x    r/0fdf lht xft kf/]sf # v]nsf nflu k|lt v]n $% xhf/ / a/fa/L v]n]sf] Ps v]n afkt @@ xhf/ % ;o         8n/sf b/n] ! nfv () xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] xf] .

j]:6 O0l8hM  $ nfv #% xhf/ 8n/ Sjf6/kmfOgn ;Dd v]n]sf] j]:6 O0l8hn] s'n $ nfv #% xhf/ 8n/ k'/:sf/ kfPsf] 5 . j]i6 O0l8hn] Sjf6/kmfOgnaf6 aflxl/g] 6f]nLn] k|fKt ug]{ # nfv 8n/ ;d"x r/0fdf lht xft       kf/]sf # v]nsf nflu k|lt v]n $% xhf/ 8n/sf b/n] ! nfv #% xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] xf] .

cfo/Nof08 M ! nfv &) xhf/ 8n/ ;d"x r/0fdf pTs[i6 k|bz{g u/]klg /g /]6sf cfwf/df kl5 kb}{ k|ltof]lutfaf6 aflxl/Psf] Pzf]l;P6      /fi6« cfo/Nof08n] s'n ! nfv &) xhf/ 8n/ k'/:sf/ kfPsf] 5 . ;d'x r/0fdf lht xft kf/]sf # v]ndf k|lt v]n $% xhf/ 8n/ / ;d'x r/0faf6 aflxl/g] 6f]nLn] k|fKt ug]{ #% xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] xf] .

O+UNof08M ! nfv @% xhf/ 8n/;d"x r/0faf6} aflxl/Psf] O+UNof08n] of] ljZjskdf ! nfv @% xhf/ 8n/ k'/:sf/ kfPsf] 5 . O+UNof08n] ;d'x r/0fdf lht xft kf/]sf @ v]ndf k|lt v]n $% xhf/ 8n/ / ;d'x r/0faf6 aflxl/g] 6f]nLn] k|fKt ug]{ #% xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] xf] .

lhDafa] M *) xhf/ 8n/ ;d"x r/af6} aflxl/Psf] bf];|f] 6]i6 v]Ng]  /fi6« lhDafj]n] s'n *) xhf/ 8n/ k|fKt u/]sf] 5 .

lalrqsf va/

;fj{hlgs :yfgdf ls; ug{ k|ltjGw

kl5Nnf] vj/cg';f/ uf]jfsf] Ps ufpFdf ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf ls; ug{ k|ltjGw nufOPsf] 5 . k|ltjGweGbf klg Tof] lg0f{o ug'{sf] sf/0f lgs} /f]rs 5 .

k0fhLaf6 glhs}sf] b'/Ldf /x]s]f ;d'Gb|L lsgf/df /x]sf] ;Nef8f]/ 8'd'G8f] ufpFdf ;fj{hlgs ?kdf ls; ug{ k|ltjGw nufOPsf] xf] .

…:yfgLodf cfPsf] pQ]hgf tyf cfj]uÚ nfO{ sf/0f b]vfpFb} ;fj{hlgs ?kdf ls; ug{ k|ltjGw nufOPsf] xf] .

;fNef8f]/ 8' dG8f]sf pkfWoIf /Lgf kmgf{l8hsf cg';f/ ufpF k~rfotn] :yfgLoaf;Lsf] cg'/f]wdf ls;df k|ltjGw nufpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . of] k|ltjGw o;} dlxgfaf6 nfu' x'g]5 . pgn] ;dfrf/ ;+:yf PPkmkL;u+ eg] æufpFdf cjflG5t ultljlw w]/} g} ePsf] lyof] . h;n] :yfgLoaf;L lgs} ;d:ofdf lyP .Ú

ufpFdf ls; ug{ dfq k|ltjGw nufOPsf] 5}g, dlb/f lkpg / 7"nf] cfjfhdf ;+uLt agfpg klg kfOg] 5}g

k|ltjGw 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] kf]i6/ ;fdflhs ;~hfndf lgs} efO/n ePsf] 5 . kf]i6/df n]lvPsf] 5 …s'g} k|sf/sf] pTkft gdRrfpg';\ . 3'Dg cfPsf dflg;x?n] ufpFnfO{ :jR5 /fVg';\ .    dlb/f lkpg, w'd|kfg ug{, 7"nf] cfjfhdf ;+uLt ahfpg, ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf ls; ug{ / pTkft dRrfpg k|ltjGw 5 .Ú

o;cl3 uf]jf ;/sf/sf] snf Pj+ ;+:s[lt ljefun] cfkm\gf dlxnf sd{rf/LnfO{ afx'nf gePsf] sDd/dflysf] a:q tyf lhG; nufP/ sfof{no cfpg k|ltaGw nufPsf] lyof] .

sl/j $%) aif{{;Dd kf]r'{unsf] clwgdf /x]sf] uf]jf ;g\ !(^! df dfq ef/tsf] lgoGq0fdf cfPsf] lyof] . ef/tsf] d'Vo ko{6sLo uGtAo uf]jfdf k|wfgdGqL g/]Gb| df]bLsf] bn ef/tLo hgtf kf6L{n] zf;g rnfO/x]sf] 5 .

levf/Ln] vf]n] cfkm\g} a}+s

hxfF @ b]lv % k|ltzt Aofhdf C0f kfOG5

levf/Lsf] a}+s , ´6\6 ;'Gbf tkfO{+nfO{ cK7]/f] nfUof] xf]nf . zLif{{s k9]/ 7fGg'eof] xf]nf o:tf] klg x'G5 / <

o:t} cgf}7f] ePsf] g]kfnsf] ;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo /fHo laxf/df, hxfF ;8s / dlGb/ 5]pdf dfu]/ u'hf/f rnfpg] levf/Ln] cfkm\g} a}+s vf]n]sf 5g\ .  laxf/sf] uof zx/df levf/Lx?sf] Ps ;d'xn] cfkm\g} a}+s vf]n]sf] 5 . levf/Lx?n] k|a{4g u/]sf] of] a}+ssf] ;+rfng;]t pgLx?n] g} u5{g, tf ls ufx|f] kbf{ k};f rnfpg ;s'g\ .

uof zx/sf] …df d+unfuf}/L dlGb/Údf cfpg] >4fn'x?sf] bfgdf cf>t /xg] bhgf}+ levf/Lx?n] olta]nf cfkm} a}+s vf]n]sf x'g\ . a}+ssf] gfd …d+unf a}+sÚ /flvPsf] 5 . of] cgf}+7f] a}+ssf $) ;b:o dWo]sf Ps /fhs'df/ df´Ln] eg] …of] ;To xf] ls xfdLn] cfkm\gf] nflu Ps a}+s :yfkgf u/]sf 5f}+ .Ú

dlGb/af6 ´08} !)) lsnf]ld6/ 6f9fsf df´Ln] eg] a}+ssf] k|jGws, vhfGrL / ;lrjsf ;fy} Ps Ph]G6 / a}+s rnfpgsf nflu rflxg] ;a} ;b:ox? levf/L g} 5g\ .Ú ;+of]u of] 5 ls a}+ssf] k|jGws df´L g} x'g\ .

a}+ssf] vftf;lxtsf sfd ug{ ;Sg] lzlIft df´Ln] eg] …xfdL x/]sn] d+unaf/ a}+sdf @) ?k}ofF hDdf u5f}{+, h'g ;fKtflxs ?kdf *)) ef? x'G5 .Ú

a}+ssf Ph]G6 ljgfos kf;jfg x/]s ;ftf ;b:ox?af6 k};f p7fpF5g / a}+sdf NofP/ hDdf u5{g\ . …ut jif{  lgs} 7'nf] cfz / levf/Lx?sf] clenf;f k"lt{sf{ nflu xfdLn] o:tf] sfd ;'? u/]sf 5f}+ .Ú a}+ssL ;lrj dfntL b]jL eGl5g\ …xfdLnfO{ ;dfhdf clxn];Dd /fd|f] Jojxf/ ePg lsgsL xfdL   u/Lj eGbf klg dxful/j 5f}+ .Ú

a}+sdf w]/}eGbf w]/} vftf vf]Ng pgn] levf/Lx?;u ;Dks{ a9fO/x]sL 5g\ . pgn] elgg\ …a}+ssf ;b:o o:tf      levf/L 5g\, hf];+u g t ul/jLsf]  /]vfd'gL /x]sf] eGg] k|df0f 5 g t cfwf/ g} .Ú

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

zflGt ;ldltsf] ;xof]u

:yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt 8f]6L cGt/ut b'uf{df08f}+ ufla;df u7g ePsf] ufla; :t/Lo zflGt ;ldltn] åGåaf6 k|eflat, ul/a 5fqf5fqx?nfO{ ;xof]u k|bfg ul/Psf] b'uf{df08f}+ zflGt ;ldltsf ;+of]hs lbks wfdLn] atfP .

b'uf{df08f}+ ufla;df /x]sf jfnaflnsfnfO{ kfFr ;o ;xof]u ul/Psf] ;ldltn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . zf]ef k|fylds laBfno afnafgsf s[i0f af]u6L, b'uf{ k|fylds laBfno sfkmnLsf lvdf wfdL, e'ag]Zj/ k|fylds laBfno rgs];}gsf l6sf/fd cj:yL, ;/:jtL k|fylds laBfno au/sf lagf /f]sfdu/ / ;]tL df]8n af]{l8ª :s'nsf g]lqsf v8sfnfO{ ;xof]u k|bfg ul/Psf] ;+of]hs wfdLn] hfgsf/L lbP .

a]nfufpFdf uf8L k'Uof]

lhNnfdf zfvf ;8s s6fgsf] sfd lta| e}/x]sf] a]nf ufpFdf uf8L k'Ubf ufpFn]x?n] xlzt{ ePsf 5g\ . lhNnfsf] r}gk'/ dofgf zfvf ;8s s6fgsf qmddf hoj[YjL gu/kfnLsf– % wfdLn]v / lk7fn]vdf ;8s s6fg u/L uf8L k'u] kl5 :yflgo xlzt{ ePsf x'g . gu/kfnLsfsf] @@ nfvsf] nfutdf ;8s s6fg u/LPsf] :yflgo lbks hf]zLn] hfgsf/L lbP . ufpFdf uf8L k'u]kl5 :yflgo :y/df pTkfbg u/LPsf] t/sf/L cfn' , rf]tf] , sfFs|f/ ,km;L{ laS/L ug{ ;xh ePsf] 5 .

larf/

lsg a|fDx0fn]g} 6Lsf nufO{lbg' kg]{ >Ldfg <

ldng kl/of/

@)&! r}q * ut] ljxfg sl/a !! ah] ;a} ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v,u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf k|d'v / ;'/Iff lgsfosf] afSnf] pkl:yltsfaLr sd{rf/L ldng s]Gb| l;nu9Lsf] ;efxndf laut ^ dlxgfotf 8f]6Ldf v/f] t/ O{dfGbf/ l;l8of]sf] ?kdf sfo{/t /xbf lgs} rrf{df /x]sf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no 8f]6Lsf l;l8of] nf]sgfy kf}8\ofnsf] dWodlZrdsf] bfª lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf ;?jf ePkl5 labfO{ ;df/f]x x'b} lyof] . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf l;l8of] eP/ cfP b]lvg} cfkm" dftxtsf sd{rf/Lsf] sdfG8df lgs} t]lhnf cgL v/f] :jefj t/ O{dfGbf/ ePsfn] klg pgsf] labfO{ eAotfsf ;fy x'b} lyof] . labfO{df ;Dk"0f{ ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v,;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'vsf] clgjfo{ pkl:ylt lyof] g} . ut ebf} @# ut]b]lv lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no 8f]6Lsf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfn] b]lvg}} lgs} rrf{df /x]sf l;l8of]k|lt 8f]6Lsf  /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf Ho"x? lgs} lr8fPsf lyP . lbkfon l;nu9L gu/kflnsfsf] ev{/} ;DkGg @! cf}+ gu/ kl/ifb\ xf]; jf ut kmfu'g ^ ut] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt 8f]6Lsf] !( cf}+ lhNnf kl/ifb\sf] tof/Lsf nflu lhlj;df cfof]lht of]hgf th'{df a}7sdf cf;g u|x0fsf] laifonfO{ lnP/ /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf / l;l8of]aLr lajfb pTkGg x'b} cfPsf] lyof] .

cfkm" g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;x ;lrj txsf] sd{rf/L ePsfn] ;/sf/sf] dof{bf qmd ;DalGw Aoj:yf cg';f/ lhNnf :t/sf g]tf,sfo{stf{ eGbf cfkm" dof{bf qmddf klxnf]g} ePsf] 8f]6Lsf l;l8of]n] k6s k6s bf]xf]¥ofpb} cfPkl5 bnsf g]tfx? pgL k|lt lgs} lrl8b} cfPsf lyP . ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] sfo{qmd afx]s u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf sfo{qmddf ;xefuL gx'g],g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gLlt,sfg'g ljkl/t sfd gug]{ sfo{z}nLsf     sf/0f klg l;l8of]k|lt /fhgLltsdL{ dfq geP/ Pglhcf]sdL{ klg gsf/fTdsg} lyP . laleGg sfo{qmddf pgLx?aLr rsf{rsL{ ;d]t x'g] u/]sf] lyof] . s]xL bnsf g]tfx?n] t l;l8of]nfO{ 3d08L,5'Rrf],c6]/L,;fO{sf]sf ;+1f ;d]t lbb}{ cfPsf lyP . l;l8of]n] 8f]6Lsf g]tf Ho"x?nfO{ 6]/ k'R5/ gnufPkl5 pgLk|lt g]tf Ho"x?n]g} ahf/df cg]sg xNnf rnfPsf lyP .

xNnfsf] af:tljstf kQf nufO{ l;l8of] k|lt bnsf g]tf Ho"x? lrl8g'sf] sf/0f jf plgk|lt 8f]6]nL hgtfsf] a'emfO{ s:tf] /x]sf] 5 eGg] lh1f;f l;l8of] o; lhNnfdf cfPb]lvg} lyof] . g]tf Ho"x?sf] cf/f]k af/] l;l8of]sf] k|ltlqmof lng cfO{taf/ cyf{t r}q * ut] laxfg ;f9] !) ah]lt/ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no k'u]sf] lyP . k|zf;g u]6 k|a]z u/] nuQ} ;'/Iffy{ vl6Psf tdfd ;'/IffsdL{x? d lt/ cfP/ ;/ stf xf]nf < k|Zg u/]  d}n] l;l8of] ;fknfO{ e]6\g cfPsf] hjfkm kmsf{P,pxf t x'g'x'Gg cGt} hfg' ePsf] 5 pgn] ;'gfP . l;l8of]sf] k|;+u af/] n]lvPsf] cfn]v k'/f gx'g] eof] eGg] lrGtfn] ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ cGt} eg]sf] stf xf] ;/ < d}n] k'gM lh1f;f /fv] . pxf cfh hfb} x'g'x'G5 To;}n] pxfsf] sd{rf/L ldng s]Gb|df labfO{ sfo{qmd x'b}5 . eg]/ hjfkm kmsf{P . Toxf ss;nfO{ af]nfj6 5,hfg ldN5 t eGbf xh'/ kqsf/ xf] eg] hfg' g ;/ ;'/IffsdL{sf] ;'emfP cg';f/ xtf/ xtf/ k|zf;g sfof{nosf] kl5lNt/sf] af6f] k|of]u u/L kvf{n gf3b} ldng s]Gb|sf] ;efxndf k'u] . Toxf km'ndfnf klxl/P/ dlng cgL ulDe/ d'9df l;l8of] ;fkmnfO{ ;efxnsf] lzif{ :yfgdf a;]sf] b]v] . cl3lNt/sf] s'rL{ el/Psfn] kl5lNt/sf] s'rL{ /f]h]/ al;of] . Sofd/f cg u/] / l;l8of] ;fkmsf] Ps kf]h kmf]6f] lslnSs u/L xfn] .

kmf]6f] lvRg] sf] xf]nf eGg] ;fob l;l8of]nfO{    k/]5 Sof/] 58\s] gh/df dlt/ k'n's k'n's x]l/ /x] . kf]h lnP/ s'rL{df a:g Eofsf] lyPg\ x'n afw]/ sfof{no k|d'vx? leq k|a]z u/] . ;f]xL qmddf 8f]6L lhNnf cbfntsf dfggLo GofofwL; wg l;+ dx/f Ho" sf] klg k|a]z eof] . GofofwL; Ho" sf] k|a]z nuQ} dfg,;Ddfgdf lgs} Vofn /fVg] l;l8of]n] >Ldfg,>Ldfg eGb} xl;nf] d'b|fdf :jfut u/] . l;l8of]sf] :j/df :j/ ldnfpb} :yflgo ljsf; clwsf/L Wofgs'df/ yfkf nufotsf ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'vx?n] klg >Ldfg,>Ldfg eGb} v'a elQmefj u/] . ;fob ToxL elQmefjs} sf/0f xf]nf >Ldfg k|km"Nn clg ulDe/ b]lvg' x'GYof] . l;l8of] ;fks} zAbnfO{ ;fk6L lnP/ of] k+lQmsf/n] klg of] cfn]vdf >Ldfg zAbg} k|of]u u/L cfkm"dfyL ePsf] lae]bsf] a]lnla:tf/ u/]sf] 5 .

sfo{qmd ;+rfns lhNnf lgaf{rg sfof{nosf k|d'v af;'b]j vgfnn] cf}krfl/s sfo{qmd ;'?  u/]kl5 sfo{qmdsf] ;efWoIf sd{rf/L ldng s]Gb|sf pkfWoIf tyf lbkfon l;nu9L gu/ kflnsfsf     sfo{sf/L clws[t ltns axfb'/ v8\sfnfO{ / k|d'v cltly l;l8of]nfO{ / lalzi6 cltly 8f]6L lhNnf cbfntsf >LdfgnfO{ cf;g u|x0f u/fPkl5 zAb s/]S;g ug{ nufpb} l;l8of]n] ;+rfnsnfO{ cf;g u|x0fsf qmddf >Ldfg zAbg} k|of]u ug{ nufO{ 8f]6L lhNnf cbfntsf >LdfgnfO{ lgs] dxTj lbPsf lyP . v/f] :jefj cgL dof{bf qmddf lgs} Vofn ug]{ l;l8of]sf] labfO{ sfo{qmd ePsfn] klg sfo{qmd s;/L c3L a9fpg] egL ;+rfns af;'b]j vgfn cndNn k/]kl5 l;l8of] ;fks} lgb]{zgdf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L / >Ldfgn] dGtAo /fv]/ labfO{sf nflu l6sf u|x0f sfo{qmd to ul/of] . dGtAosf] qmddf >Ldfgn] klg l;l8of] ;fksf] lgs} k|z+;f ug'{ eof] . pxf h:tf] Ifdtf ePsf] AolQm oxf Kofl;j /x]/ a;L /xg klg uf/f] 5 To;}n] 8f]6L eGbf lgs} 7"nf] / lazfn lhNnfdf hfg nfUg' ePsf]df clu|d z'e sfdgf lbb} ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] nflu z'e]R5f lbg'eof] .

dGtAo sfo{qmd ;lsP kZrft l6sf nufpg] sfo{qmd ;'? x'g] eof] . l6sf s:n] ;'? ug]{ eGg]df ;a}df l4lawf lyof] oxL lar >Ldfgn] l6sf t a|fDx0fsf] 5f]/fn]g} nufO{ lbg' k5{ cfkm' t If]qLsf] 5f]/f kl/of] ToxL klg l6sf rNb}g\ . cfkm" cfdfsf] alif{df /x]sf] s'/f ;d]t >Ldfgsf] zAb / klx/gaf6 AoQm eof] . >Ldfgsf] km};nf cg';f/ labfO{ sfo{qmdsf ;xefuL dWo]d} a|fDx0f sd{rf/Lsf] vf]lh eof] . sltn] ;efxndf cu|:yfgdf a;]sf lbkfon l;nu9L gu/ kflnsfsf ;fdflhs ljsf; clws[t /d]zrGb| hf]zL lt/ cfvf t]:of{P t sltn] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no 8f]6Lsf of]hgf clws[t la/]Gb|bQ e§lt/ cfvf nufP . /d]zrGb| hf]zL / la/]Gb|bQ e§ b'a}nfO{ l6sf nufO{ lbg cg'/f]w u/] . s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf of]hgf clws[t eGbf kl5lNt/sf] s'rL{df a;]sf lbkfon l;nu9L gu/ kflnsfdf Pnlhl;l8kL sfo{qmd cGt{ut ;'zf;g la1sf] ?kdf sfo{/t ch'{g laZjsdf{ / of] k+lQmsf/ >Ldfgsf] Tof] km};nfn] cGofodf k/]sf lyof} . slx st} x]/ g km]/ l;w} u/]sf] >Ldfgsf] Psn km};nfn] cfkm" cGofodf dfq xf]O{g ckdflgtg} ePsf lyof} . >Ldfgsf] km};nf :ynd} lsg cfO{P5 eGg] klg nfuL /x]sf] lyof] .

;/sf/L jlsn / sfg'g Aoj;foLsf] ax; ;'g]s} cfwf/df km};nf ;'gfpg] afgL nfu]sf] eP/ klg x'g;S5 >Ldfgn] sfo{qmddf ;xefuL sf]sf] ePsf 5g\ . eGg] Vofn} gu/L /fHosf] Gofofno h:tf] If]qdf cfl;g AolQmaf6} klg blntdfyL ul/g] Aojxf/,lrGtg phfu/ u/]sf] 5 . 8f]6Lsf >LdfgnfO{ o;dfg]df awfO{ klg lbg rfxfG5' sLgsL pxfn] blntk|lt /fHosf] Gofofnodf Gofod"lt{sf] ?kdf cfl;g u}/ blntx?sf] lgot k|i6 phfu/ u/]sf] 5 . km]/L labfO{ sfo{qmds} k|;+unfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg rfxfG5' . ;a} kfn}kfnf] nfO{ga4 l;l8of]nfO{ l6sf,dfnf nufP/ z'e sfdgf lbb} lyP . >Ldfgsf] km};nf ;'Gg] lalQs} ch'{g laZjsdf{n] eg] d]/f] 8fo/L ;dft]/ a|fDx0fn]g} l6sf nufO{ lbg' k5{ eGg] s'/f lae]b xf]O{g / eGg] zAb n]v]/ b]vfpg' eof] . d}n] of] laifodf cfn]v n]Vg] arg lbP . labfO{ sfo{qmddf l;l8of]sf] eAo ljbfO{ eO{ /xbf ;a} kfn}kfnf] l6sf,dfnf nufO{ lbb} labfO{ z'e sfdgf lbb} lyP . dnfO{ eg] dgdg} cfkm"dfyL ePsf] ckdfgn] lae]b\sf] cfuf] ;lNs /x]sf] lyof] . >Ldfgsf] lae]bsf] ltvf] sf8fn] d'6' r;r; 3f]lr /x]sf] lyof] . v's'/Lsf] rf]6 crfgf]nfO{ dfq yfxf x'G5 . aiff}{ b]lv rf]6 ;xb} cfPsf g]kfne/sf %) nfv blntx?nfO{ dfq yfxf xf]nf . ;fob To;}n] xf]nf leqleq} lae]bsf] Hjfnf anL /x]sf] lyof] .

To;} a]nf ;a}sf] kfnf] ;lsg} nfUbf sl/a cGTolt/ ch'{g laZjsdf{n] l6sf nufP/ z'e sfdgf lbg' eof] clGtddf kfnf] d]/} cfof] t/ >Ldfgsf] km};nf cg';f/ ;'?df l6sf nufpg cof]Uo ePsf] d]/f nflu eg] lgs} lk8fn] ;tfO{ /x]sf] lyof] cGtM km"n lbP/ z'e]R5f hgfP . cGofodf k/]sf hgtfnfO{ Gofo lbnfpg] h:tf] ul/dfdo kbdf cfl;g >Ldfgn]g} ;fa{hlgs :ynd} k/Dk/fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbb}{ 7f8f] ckdflgt zAb k|of]u u/L lae]b ug'{ x'G5 eg] :jo+ hftLo 5'jf5'taf6 lkl8t ag]sf lgD5/f blntx? Gofosf nflu Gofofnosf] 9f]sf 9s9Sofpg k'u] >Ldfgaf6 s:tf] Gofosf] cf; unf{g < >Ldfgx?s} hftLafbL ;f]rs} sf/0f hftLo 5'jf5'tsf] d'4f ;/sf/afbL d'4f x'bfx'b} klg clxn];Dd blntn] slx st} lht]sf] jf lkl8snfO{ sf/jfxL ePsf] pbfx/0f 5}g\ . hftLo 5'jf5't ug]{nfO{ ck/fwsf] ?kdf lnb} s8f sf/afxL ul/g] s'/f d'n'sL P]g @)@) df sfg'gL Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . t/ Tof] nfu' ePsf] %! aif{;Dd sfof{Gjogdf gcfpg'sf] sf/0f o:t} hftLafbL ;f]r xfaL ePsf] k|i6 a'lemG5 . sfnfGt/df hftLo 5'jf5'tsf] d'4f >Ldfgs} r]Dj/;Dd cfO{ k'Uof] eg] lkl8tsf] kIfdf ;/sf/L jsLn / ljkIfdf sfg'g Aoj;foLsf] ax; eO{ /xbf ax; ;'g]/ r]Da/df a:g' x'g] >Ldfgn] lgD5/f blntnfO{ s:tf] Gofo lbg'xf]nf < d nufotsf blnt ;d'bfnfO{ pxfsf] Aojxf/n] z+sf hGdfO{ lbPsf] 5 . obL pxfsf] sfo{ cawLe/ Gofo ;Dkfbgdf To;f] ePsf] 5}g eg]klg ca >Ldfgn] zAb k|of]udf Vofn ug]{ xf]sL < ;a}nfO{ r]tgf eof .

k|ltlqmofsfnflu M mpjournalist2@gmail.com

df]km;n kqsf/Ltf

hlt ;DkQL eP kgL k'Ub}g

O{Gb' s]=;L

;dfrf/ k|d'v  /]l8of] ckL Pkm=Pd= ;'Vv8 s}nfnL     

tkfO+{sf] k'/f kl/ro kfpF g <

OGb' s] ;L ;dfrf/ k|d'v /]l8of] clk Pkm Pd 3f]8f3f]l8gu/kflnsf ;'v8 s}nfnL

tkfO{n] lsg kqsfl/tf k]zf /f]Hg' eof] <

;'?df rflx /x/n] nfluof],clxn] cfP/ yfxf eof] kqsf/Ltf s] xf] eg]/, ca rflx :yflgo ;d'bfodf blaPsf cfjfhx? phfu/ ug]{ k|of;df nfluk/]sf] 5' , x]/f} sltsf] ;kmn eOG5 .

dlxnf kqsf/x?nfO{ t sfd ug{ lgs} ;d:of 5 eG5g lg Û slQsf] dx;'; ug'{ ePsf] 5 <

klxn] rflx ;d:of lyof] dlxnf kqsf/x?nfO ;do k/Ljt{g x'b} uO/x]sf] 5 . clxn]  ;d:of 5}g d]/f] larf/df rflx  , dnfO dx;'; ePsf] 5}g .

 slt ;do eof] o; k]zfdf nfu]sf] <

@ aif{ htL eof] o; If]qdf k|a]z u/]sf] .

 s:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{ ?rfpg' x'G5 <

d ;fdflhs ;jfndf a9L snd rnfpg ?rfp5' . df]km;ndf sfd ubf{ ;a} If]qdf sdn rnfpg' kg]{ x'G5 .

s}nfnL h:tf] lasl;t lhNnfjf6 kqsfl/tf ub}{ x'g'x'G5, slQsf] sdfO{ x'G5 <

dfG5]nfO{ hlt ;DkQL eP kgL k'Ub}g ,km]/L sdfO h:tf] s'/f],, ;'Gt'i6 x'g'k5{, ;Gt'i6 5' .

kqsfl/tf k]zfdf nfu]/ s] s] ;d:of ef]Ug' kbf]{ /x]5 < 

kqsf/ eO;s]kl5 y'k|} ;d:ofx? ef]Ug' kbf}{ /x]5,,;d:of cfp5 ,;dfwfg klg t x'G5 ;d:ofsf]  To;}n] ;d:of cfpg'nfO{ w/} 7'nf] r'gf}tL 7fGbLg d .

df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ kqsf/x?sf ;d:ofx? s] s] x'g h:tf] nfU5 tkfO{nfO{ <

rf/}lt/af6 bafa} bafax? x'G5g s;}n] ;dfrf/ lsg n]lv; eG5g s;}n] lsg n]vLg; eG5g . 

lo ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s:tf lsl;dsf sfo{qmdx? Nofpg' knf{ <

lglZlrt d]?b08 agfOlbg' kof]{,,h;df kqsf/x?sf] d'Nofª\sg xf]; . 

o:tf ;d:ofx? ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5  <

kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] e'ldsf /fd|f] kfPsf] 5' , dxf;+3n] ;a} kqsf/x?nfO ;dfg ?kdf x]g]{ u5{ .

 df]km;ndf sfd ug]{ ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] xs lxtsf nflu kqsf/x?sf a}rfl/s ;+u7gx?sf] e'ldsf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

k|]; rf}tf/Ln] kqsf/sf] xslxtsf nflu /fd|f] sfd u/]sf] 5 . k|]; rf}tf/Ldf t d cfkm} klg cfa4 5' , km]/L cfkm' cfa4 ePsf] x'gfn] eg]sf] xf] eGg] klg xf]nf,o'lgogn] klg /fd|} sfd u/L/x]sf] b]v]sf]5', km]/L o:tf ;+u7gx? kqsf/s} xslxtsf nflu t nflu k/]sf x'G5g .

tkfOs+f] ljrf/df kqsfl/tf s] xf] <

kqsf/Ltf eg]sf] Pp6f ;+3{if xf] hxf y'k|} r'gf}ltx? cfOk5{g,ltlg r'gf}ltx?nfO ;fdgf ub}  cufl8 a9\g'k5{ .

 clxn] kqsfl/tf If]q jb\gfldt x'Fb}5, kqsfl/tf If]qd} nfu]sf sltko JolQmx? laleGg u}/ sfg'gL lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg ePsf] cf/f]k klg nfUg yfn]sf] 5, ;'Vv8lt/sf] cj:yf s:tf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

xf] klxn]sf] t'ngfdf rflx clxn] kqsf/Ltf If]q abgfldt x'b} uPsf] 5,. b]zs} rf}yf] c+usf] ?kdf kqsf/nfO lrlgG5, klxn]sf] t'ngfdf kqsf/sf] dxTj rflx cln sd esf] h:tf] nfU5 , d'Vo t cfly{s sf/0f g} 5 , xfd|f] ;'v8lt/sf] cj:yf o:tf] 5g .

slxn];Dd jGnf gofF ;+lawfg <

Tof] t eGg ;lsb}g, hgtfn] eg]/ x'g] eP t df3 * s'g'{ kb}{gYof] .

gofF ;+lawfgdf ;~rf/ If]qsf nfuL s:tf] Joj:yf ug'{ knf{ h:tf] nfU5 tkfO{nfO{ <  

;/n ;xh ls;Ldsf]

nf]s;]jf tof/Lsf nfuL pkof]uL

!= l6 20 ljZjsk lqms]6sf] ljh]tf d'n's s'g xf] <

 – >Ln+sf

@= ;fF9] h'bfO{ s'g b]zsf] /fli6«o v]n xf] <

– :k]g

#= 6]lnlehg s;n] cfljZsf/ u/]sf x'g <

– h] Pn lao8{

$= g]kfn / rLg lar j]qfjtL ;+wL slxn] ePsf] lyof] <

  – lj= ;+= !*$(

%= cf=j=@)&!÷&@ sf] ah]6df j[4 j[4fnfO{ pkrf/ vr{ afkt aflif{s slt /sd lbg] Joj:yf   ul/Psf] 5  <

– ?= @)))

^= hgu0fgf aif{ @)^* cg';f/ g]kfndf slt k|sf/sf efiffx? af]lnG5g <

– !@#

&= hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df lbOPsf ;x/nfO{ a9Laf6 sdsf] qmddf ldnfpg'xf]; .

– -sf7df8f} , kf]v/f , nlntk'/ ,lj/f6gu/ / e/tk'/ - lbOPsf dWo] _

*= lgDg ;x/nfO k'j{b]lv klZrdsf] qmddf ldnfpg'xf]; .

- e›k'/, e/tk'/, a'6jn, tf}lnxjf - lbOPsf dWo] _

(= lj=;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ dlxnf 3/d'nL ePsf] 3/w'l/sf] ;+Vof slt 5 <

–@%=&% k|lt;t

!)= hf]gfyg la kf]:6n cjf8{ k|fKt ug{] g]kfnL sf] x'g\ <

– dxflj/ k'g

 !!= lzjflns kj{t g]kfnsf] s'g If]qdf kb{5 <

– t/fO / leqL dw]zsf] lardf

!@= tnsfdWo s;sf] nflu ;+;bLo ;'g'jfOsf] Joj:yf 5}g <

– of]hgf cfof]usf] pkfWoIf - lbOPsf dWo] _

!#= ljZjsk km'6an @)!$ sf] af/]df s'g egfO l7s 5 <

-;]ldkmfOgn v]n ch{]lG6gf ,g]b/NofG8 , hd{gL / a|flhn lar ePsf] lyof] . -lbO{Psf] egfO{ dWo] _

!$= lgDg dWo cfl;ofgsf ;b:o /fi6« s'g–s'g x'g\ <

-dflysf ;a} - lbOPsf Ma|'gfO{ , nfcf];, sDaf]l8of, leotgfd _

!%= lgDgdWo *))) ld6/ eGbf sd prfO ePsf] lxdfn s'g xf] <

– dfpG6 PNa|'h

!^= lgs'~hsf] cjl:yltsf] af/]df hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ .

–dsfn' j?0f–;+v'jf;ef, nfd6fª– /;'jf, z]=kmf]S;'08f]–8f]Nkf / vKt8–8f]6L

!&= lbOPsf ;+u7gx?sf]  hf]8f ldnfpg'xf;\ M

– rfnL{ x]A8f] -k|mfG;_, af]sf]x/fd-gfOh]l/of_, :nflds :6]6- O/fs _ / cn ;jfa -;f]dflnof_

!*= hf]8f ldnfpg]

– k|yd dNn /fhf -cl/b]j dNn_, zfGtL >L -k|r08 b]j_, tn]h' ejfgL - dlxG› dNn_ / /fgL    kf]v/L  -k|tfk dNn_

!(= hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M

-UN university(Tokyo ), IMF ( Washington D C),  WTO ( Geneva ) and

UNDP  ( Nairobi )

@)= eujfg a'4sf] af/]df hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M

– a'4Tj k|fKt -af]wuof_, klxnf] pkb]z -;f/gfy_, clGtd pkb]z -j}zfnL_ / b]xTofu -s'lzgu/_

@!= Paper Gold eGgfn] s'gnfO hgfpb5 <

–SDR

@@= c;+nUg /fi6«x?sf] !^ cf}+ ;Dd]ng sxfF ePsf] lyof] <

–O/fg

@# = Ph]G8f–@! s] ;+u ;DalGwt 5 <

– jftfj/0f

@$= CEDA sf] :yfkgf s'g b]zsf] ;xof]udf ePsf] xf] <

– cd]l/sf

@^= g]kfndf sltj6f k'g/fj]bg cbfnt 5g\ <  –!^ j6f

;|f]t ;+sns /fd lai6

snf ;F:s[tL / ;flxTo

;/;kmfO{ zGb]z

!_;kmf ;dfOnf] ;d[l¢ kmfObf, OHht /xg] s'/f

  olt k|fKt x'G5 a'lemn]p dgdf, ;/;kmfO eP k'/f ..

@_AolQmut, 3/fo;L, 6f]n, 5/l5d]s, :s"n af6f wf/f

  :jR5, ;kmf /fvf}+ Psh'6 agf}+, ;Dk'0f{ xfld ;f/f ..

#_3/ cf+ug a9f/L rkL{ lb;f u/L, ;fa'gn] xft wf]cf}+

  ;fa'g 5}g eg] klg v/fgLn], ;kmf u/]/ /xf}+ ..

$_rfªdf ef+8f ;'sfO lng' let/, ;kmf kfgLn] wf]O

  ;/;kmfO u¥of}+ olb eg], a:g' kb}{g /f]O ..

%_;/;kmfO gx'+bf ljrf/ glbbf b'Mv ef]Ug} k5{ ;'g

  emf8fkvfnf, x}hf, ?3fvf]sL klg, 6f9fO efU5g\ h'g ..

^_:j:y, km'lt{nf], lxi6, k'i6, alnof, aGg' kb{5 eg]

  kl/jf/, ;d'bfo, jftfj/0f ;lxt, ;/;kmfO /xg] ..

&_/f]unflu pkrf/ ug'{ To;df km]/ wg vr}{ u/L

  la:tf/-la:tf/ a9\b5 Tof] la/fd, cGtdf hfG5 d/L ..

*_b'Mv kfO emgem6, srsr eO{, dg'{ k¥of] Aoy{df

  eGg] u5'{ ;bf d t ;/;kmfO, kmfObfsf] cy{df ..

(_uf8]sf] hlt l/g 5 k'lu ;Sof] a9L, cfh{g geO st}

  xfxfsf/ eO d/] olb eg], nf; k5{ htftt} ..

!)_b'u{Gw} b'u{Gw b'lift jftfj/0f, ;f; km]g{ uf¥xf] k/L

   cfkt ef/L x'g] af+Rg]x?nfO, lt klg hfG5g\ d/L ..

!!_afgL ;'w|g nfU5 a9L ;do, uf¥xf] 5 /fd|f] dlt

   n]v] klg oxf+ ;lsb}g slt, ;/;kmfO af/] hlt ..

!@_xftv'§f gª sf6L xKtf lkR5], lbgx'+ g'xfP emg\

   ;/;kmfO clt /fd|f] e} v'l; lbn e}, xf+l;/xG5 dg ..

!#_lb;f lk;fj u/f}+ rkL{df uO, nfh 8/ d'Qm u/L

   cf+ug lbgx'+ ;kmf u/L /fvg] u/f}+, lt vfN8fnfO e/L ..

!$_:jf:Yo ;DalGw ;Gb]z 5 d]/f], :jf:Yotfsf] sfdgf

   Nfuf}+ dfly p7f}+ ;kmn klg xf]cf}+, rnfp /fd|f] gfdgf ..

eQm/fh pkfWofo        

tf]n]gL–^, afx'gufp+, 8f]6L

uhn

d]/f] b]zsf] >[ªuf/ cfFvf lrDnLP/

d b]vL/x]5' of/ cfFvf lrDnLP/

;Sg} kg]{5 v's'/Ln] b]z arfpg

Tof] klg ug'{5 k|xf/ cfFvf lrDnLP/

s}n] lgbfsf] h:tf] s}n] clgbf] h:tf]

lsg ub}{ 5 ;/sf/ cfFvf lrDnLP/

slt bif x'g oL ufplt/sf 8fS6/

u/L lbG5g pkrf/ cfFvf lrDnLP/

ltdLn] lbgdf x]g'{ / /ftdf klg x]g'{

sfnf] b]Vg]5f} ;+;f/ cfFvf lrDnLP/

sdn ;+3if{ c5fd

3/ of w/fk a'g]sf] /x]5  <

g cfsf; g hldg r'g]sf] /x]5

of] dg of] ;/L/df /fVg} uf/f] 5

dfs'/f] xfjfd} l´+uf y'g]sf] /x]5

vf]nL tg{ ;+3if{ ub}{ lyof] dfG5]

5gf]df km;L{ cEof; u/]sf] /x]5

le/ af6 v:b}df lsg d/f]; e};L

;do leTtfdf :jod ´'08]sf] /x]5

;"rgf, zGb]; / la1fkg

lhNnf c:ktfn 8f]6Ldf ;~rflnt c:ktfndf cfwfl/t Psåf/ ;+s6 Joj:yfkg s]Gb| -OCMC_ ;DjlGw hfgsf/L

dlxnf jf jfnjflnsfx? laleGg k|sf/sf n}lËs lx+;fjf6 k|efljt x'g] u/]sf / o;jf6 pgLx?df zf/Ll/s, of}ghGo tyf dgf]a}1flgs c;/ kg]{ u/]sf] kl/k|]Ifdf n}lËs lx+;fnfO{ k|efjsf/L / bIftfk"j{s ;Djf]bg ug{sf nflu k|yd r/0fdf dlxnf, jfnjflnsf tyf ;dfh sNof0f dGqfnojf6 ;~rflnt dlxnf lx+;f ;DjlGw           ;'/lIft cNksfnLg ;]jf s]Gb| /x]sf !% lhNnfx?df k/LIf0fsf] ?kdf of] sfo{qmd nfu' x'g] qmddf 8f]6L lhNnf c:ktfndf ldlt @)^* ;fn d+l;/ @! ut]jf6 ;'rf? ?kn] @$ ;} 306f ;]jf ;~rfngdf cfPsf] 5 eg] xfn;Dd o; OCMC df ;]jf lng] lkl8tx?df kfFr jif{ b]lv &@ jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf dlxnf, jfnjflnsf tyf s]xL k'?if klg /x]sf 5g .

OCMC jf6 k|bfg ul/g] ;]jfx? M

!= :jf:Yo ;]jf M

¨ lx+;f lkl8tsf] :jf:Yo ;DjlGw ljj/0f ;+sng, k/LIf0f tyf pkrf/ tyf pkrf/sf] clen]vLs/0f, zf/Ll/s hfFr / gd'gf ;+sng ug]{ .

¨ zf/Ll/s rf]6k6ssf] pkrf/ tyf lrlsT;fhGo hfFr ug]{ .

¨ sfg'gL k|df0fsf nflu :jf:Yo, lalw la1fg tyf lrlsT;f ;DjlGw sfg'gL      k/LIf0f ug]{÷u/fpg]

¨ of}ghGo ;+qmd0fsf] pkrf/ ug]{ .

¨ zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s Pj+ dgf];fdflhs ladz{sf nflu l:qmlgË ug]{ / ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ .

¨ ue{ k/LIf0f tyf cfsl:ds ue{ lg/f]ws ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ .

¨ x]kf6fO{l6; la jf6 jrfj6 ug]{ .

¨ ;'/lIft ue{ktg ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ .

¨ cfjZostf cg';f/sf] k|]if0f / cGo ;]jfx? pknJw u/fpg] .

@= dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{ M

¨ n}lËs lx+;f lkl8t k/fdz{ ;]jf pknJw u/fpg] .

¨ cfjZostfsf cfwf/df lk8snfO{ ;d]t dgf];fdflhs ladz{÷k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg]

#= sfg'gL k/fdz{ / pkrf/ M

¨ cfjZostf cg';f/ lhNnf GofoflwjQmf, kf/flnun sfg'gL k/fdz{bftfsf] ;xof]ujf6 sfg'gL pkrf/sf] k|lqmof ;'? u/fO{ cuf8L j9fpg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .

$= k'g:yf{kgf M

¨ lx+;f lkl8t÷k|efljtnfO{ pkrf/kl5 yk k/fdz{ Pj+ cGo ;]jfsf nflu cNksfnLg cfjf; tyf vfgkfgsf] Joj:yf ;lxt ;'/lIft cNksfnLg ;]jf s]Gb|df /xg] Joj:yf ldnfO{g] 5 .

lzIfs cfaZostf ;DalGw ;"rgf

                             k|sflzt ldlt M– @)&!÷!@÷!%

8f]6L lhNnf uu'8f uflj; j8f–^ uu'8fdf /x]sf] o; >L di6]Zj/ dfBflds laBfnodf tklzn cg';f/sf] l/Qm kbdf v'nf k|ltof]lutfåf/f kbk'lt{ ug'{ kg]{ ePsf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's g]kfnL gful/sn] of] ;"rgf k|sfl;t ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq b/vf:t k]z ug{ cfAxfg ul/G5 .

tkl;n

la1fkg g+= )!÷)&!÷)&@,

kb M– lzIfs,  tx M–lg=df=jL=

b/jGbL M /fxft

 ;+Vof M– ! hgf

z}lIfs of]Uotf M– cfO{=P;;L jf ;f] ;/x÷:yfoL cWofkg cg'dltkq ePsf] .

pd]/ M– !* jif{ k'/f eO{ $) ggf3]sf]

cj]bg b:t'/ M– ?= !%,)) dfq

k/LIffsf] lsl;d M– lnlvt / cGt/jftf{

k/LIff ldlt M lhNnf lzIff sfof{no;+u ;dGjo u/L kl5 tf]lsg]5 .

;Dk{s ldlt M–@)&@÷!@÷@ ut]

;Dks{ M–(*$*$!*%@&,(*$*$&#%(#

cfaZos sfuhft M–g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk # k|lt, z}lIfs of]Uotfsf k|df0f kqx?, # k|lt, tflnd k|fKt eP ;f]sf] k|df0fkq k|ltlnlk, x:tlnlvt lgj]bg .

gf]6 M– pDd]bjf/n] cGt/jftf{df ;Ssn k|df0f kq ;lxt pkl:yt x'g'kg]{5 . Dofb gfF3L tyf l/t gk'uL cfPsf lga]bg pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g .

SofG;/, d'6'/f]u, dw'd]x, hL0f{ Zjf;k|:jf; cj/f]w ;DjlGw /f]u h:tf g;g]{ /f]ux? nfUgjf6 aRg] pkfox? ckgfO{ bL3{ hLjg afFrf}+ .

¨ r'/f]6, la8L, v}gL u'6\vf, ;"lt{ cflb slxNo} ;]jg gu/f}+ .

¨ /S;L, lao/, jfO{g, hfF8h:tf dlb/fhGo xflgsf/s lrhx? ;]jg gu/f}+ .

¨ z/L/ ;lqmo /fVg] dfWod lqmofsnfkx? h:t} of]uf, lx8\8'n, bf}8\g], ;fO{sn rnfpg], kf}8L v]Ng] cflb xNsf kl;gf cfpg] u/L xKtfsf] sDtLdf kfFrlbg;Dd  sd;]sd lgoldt ?kdf #) ldg]6;Dd u/f}+ .

¨ z/L/sf] tf}n a9L eP 36fcf}+ / :j:y tf}n sfod /fvL df]6f]kgf x'g glbcf}+

¨ cGg, bfn, u]8fu'8L, b'w, bxL, df5f, jf];f] gePsf] df;', c08f, xl/of] ;fukft, kmnkm'n, ;Gt'lnt ?kdf vfg] u/f}+ .

¨ b}lgs kfFr u|fdeGbf sd g'g vfg] u/f}+, lrNnf / af];f]o'Qm vfg]s'/f sd vfcf}+ .

¨ sf]N8 l8«+s\;, u'lnof k]o kbfy{, ld7fO, rsn]6 h:tf vfg] s'/f sd vfg] u/f}+ .

¨ lrof jf sfkmLdf lrgL sd xfn]/ vfg] u/f}+ .

¨ dfgl;s tgfj / l/;d'Qm jgf}+ .

¨ lgoldt ?kdf :jf:Yo r]shfFr u/fcf}+ .

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no 8f]6L